CN105435252A - 一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 - Google Patents
一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子20～30份、桂枝20～30份、川椒5～10份、苦参10～15份、白鲜皮20～30份、白术10～15份、扁担杆10～15份、陈皮10～15份、豆蔻10～15份、桂皮10～15份、紫苏10～15份、乌梅5～10份。本发明具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，涉及一种胃肠道造影剂，具体涉及一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂。
背景技术
胃肠道为空腔脏器，常有气体影响，超声从体表探测不易得到满意的声像图，胃肠道疾病的诊断常依靠胃镜和x线钡餐检查。近年来由于胃肠声学造影术及超声内镜两项技术的发展和应用，拓宽了胃肠疾病的诊断范围。超声检查可清晰显示胃肠壁的层次结构，发现胃肠壁肿瘤的部位、大小和形态，估计病变侵犯胃肠壁的程度，特别是了解周围器官的转移情况，弥补胃镜和x线检查的不足，为临床治疗方案的选择提供了可靠的依据。
其中，胃肠超声造影检查法是采用造影剂充盈胃、肠腔，通过改善胃肠的超声内部环境，以利于超声波声束穿透，使胃肠结构和其病变方便更加清晰的显示。
但是，患有肠道易激综合征的患者在服用造影剂时，经常会出现造影剂一两个小时就已经到回盲部的情况，正常情况应当在三到六小时，从而不能够顺利造影。出现这种情况通常是因为胃肠蠕动过快，加速了造影剂位移。因此，针对这一类患者在造影过程中能够抑制胃肠蠕动过快，并且能够顺利造影，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的症状为：腹中作痛或肠鸣腹泻，便下粘腻不畅，或夹泡沫，或腹泻与便秘交作，烦闷不欲饮食，脘腹喜按，口干。舌红，苔腻，脉弦滑。具体原因分析如下：久病失治或禀赋差异，导致寒热错杂，寒邪留于肠胃，则腹中作痛，肠鸣腹泻，便下粘腻不畅，甚或夹泡沫；寒热错杂，气机失调，故见腹泻与便秘交作；热邪较甚时可见口干，烦闷不欲饮食，寒邪伤阳，则脘腹喜温喜按，舌红苔腻，脉弦滑为寒热惜杂之征。因此，本发明提出以下技术方案。
本发明提供一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子20～30份、桂枝20～30份、川椒5～10份、苦参10～15份、白鲜皮20～30份、白术10～15份、扁担杆10～15份、陈皮10～15份、豆蔻10～15份、桂皮10～15份、紫苏10～15份、乌梅5～10份。
所述微泡中填充的气体为体积比4～8∶1的氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体。
其中，优选方案如下：
所述的造影剂由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子25份、桂枝25份、川椒8份、苦参12份、白鲜皮25份、白术12份、扁担杆12份、陈皮12份、豆蔻12份、桂皮12份、紫苏12份、乌梅8份。
本发明所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过40～80目筛，加入混合中药粉质量4～8倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1～2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3～4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2～3h，提取2～3次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800～1000目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于37～42℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
药理分析：
附子：辛、甘，大热。归心、肾、脾经。回阳救逆，补火助阳，逐风寒湿邪。用于亡阳虚脱，肢冷脉微，阳萎，宫冷，心腹冷痛，虚寒吐泻，阴寒水肿，阳虚外感，寒湿痹痛。
桂枝：辛、甘，温。归心、肺、膀胱经。发汗解肌，温通经脉，助阳化气，平冲降气。用于风寒感冒，脘腹冷痛，血寒经闭，关节痹痛，痰饮，水肿，心悸，奔豚。
川椒：辛、麻，温。归脾、胃、肾经。温中止痛，杀虫止痒。用于脘腹冷痛，呕吐泄泻，虫积腹痛；外治湿疹，阴痒。
苦参：苦，寒。归心、肝、胃、大肠、膀胱经。清热燥湿，杀虫，利尿。用于热痢，便血，黄疸尿闭，赤白带下，阴肿阴痒，湿疹，湿疮，皮肤瘙痒，疥癣麻风；外治滴虫性阴道炎。
白鲜皮：苦，寒。归脾、胃、膀胱经。清热燥湿，祛风解毒。用于湿热疮毒，黄水淋漓，湿疹，风疹，疥癣疮癞，风湿热痹，黄疸尿赤。
白术：苦、甘，温。归脾、胃经。健脾益气，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎。用于脾虚食少，腹胀泄泻，痰饮眩悸，水肿，自汗，胎动不安。土白术健脾，和胃，安胎。用于脾虚食少，泄泻便溏，胎动不安。
扁担杆：辛、甘，温。健脾益气，固精止带，祛风除湿。用于小儿疳积，脾虚久泻，遗精，红崩，白带，子宫脱垂，脱肛，风湿关节痛。
陈皮：苦、辛，温。归肺、脾经。理气健脾，燥湿化痰。用于胸脘胀满，食少吐泻，咳嗽痰多。
豆蔻：辛，温。归肺、脾、胃经。化湿消痞，行气温中，开胃消食。用于湿浊中阻，不思饮食，湿温初起，胸闷不饥，寒湿呕逆，胸腹胀痛，食积不消。
桂皮：暖脾胃，散风寒，通血脉。治腹冷胸满，呕吐噎膈，风湿痹痛，跌损瘀滞，血痢肠风。
紫苏：通心经，益脾胃。发表，散寒，理气，和营。治感冒风寒，恶寒发热，咳嗽，气喘，胸腹胀满，胎动不安。
乌梅：酸、涩，平。归肝、脾、肺、大肠经。敛肺，涩肠，生津，安蛔。用于肺虚久咳，久痢滑肠，虚热消渴，蛔厥呕吐腹痛，胆道蛔虫症。
本发明中，附子、桂枝、川椒温阳散寒暖中；苦参、白鲜皮清热燥湿；白术、扁担杆、陈皮健脾益气；豆蔻、桂皮、紫苏养胃，对胃部起到滋养作用；乌梅酸甘化阴，调和寒热诸药。
本发明中药载体纯属中药制剂，经多年的研究和临床实践证明：用药安全可靠、药价低廉、携带服用方便，避免了化学药物的毒副作用及过敏反应，适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征患者，并且对胃部具有滋养作用。
疗效判断：
见效：无胃痛、呕吐等不适感，造影清晰，检查后3～6小时内开始排出造影剂。
好转：胃痛、呕吐等不适感减轻，造影清晰，检查后2～3小时内开始排出造影剂。
无效：诸症无明显改善，造影剂1～2小时即到达回盲部。
服用结果：检查患者50例，均为寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征患者，吞服本发明所制造影剂，若感到刺激胃肠道、有过敏症状的立即洗胃催吐。检查后，见效33例，占66％，好转17例，占34％。
附一例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：宋某，男，38岁，企业中层领导，肠胃经常性疼痛，一开始做超声造影，1小时造影剂已到达回盲部，未能顺利造影。服用本发明的造影剂进行检查，无胃痛、呕吐情况出现，造影清晰，胃呈鱼钩型，空腹无胃潴流；胃窦粘膜皱襞排列不规则，增粗。胃窦小区及胃小沟肥厚，未见明确垄影及充盈缺损。胃窦小弯呈齿状，蠕动，收缩功能偏弱；无压痛激惹现象。检查后4小时即开始排出造影剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子25份、桂枝25份、川椒8份、苦参12份、白鲜皮25份、白术12份、扁担杆12份、陈皮12份、豆蔻12份、桂皮12份、紫苏12份、乌梅8份。
本发明所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过50目筛，加入混合中药粉质量5倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2h，提取2次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于38℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子20～30份、桂枝20～30份、川椒5～10份、苦参10～15份、白鲜皮20～30份、白术10～15份、扁担杆10～15份、陈皮10～15份、豆蔻10～15份、桂皮10～15份、紫苏10～15份、乌梅5～10份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于寒热夹杂型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：附子25份、桂枝25份、川椒8份、苦参12份、白鲜皮25份、白术12份、扁担杆12份、陈皮12份、豆蔻12份、桂皮12份、紫苏12份、乌梅8份。
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