CN105435250A - 一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 - Google Patents

一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 Download PDF

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CN105435250A
CN105435250A CN201511021854.9A CN201511021854A CN105435250A CN 105435250 A CN105435250 A CN 105435250A CN 201511021854 A CN201511021854 A CN 201511021854A CN 105435250 A CN105435250 A CN 105435250A
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江瑞平
刘从帅
乔琳
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Abstract

本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆20～30份、师实20～30份、白菖20～30份、天生草10～15份、柴胡20～30份、吴茱萸10～15份、八月札10～15份、郁金10～15份、苏木5～10份、徐长卿5～10份、苍术10～15份、黄连10～15份、枳实10～15份。本发明具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。

Description

一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，涉及一种胃肠道造影剂，具体涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂。
背景技术
胃肠道为空腔脏器，常有气体影响，超声从体表探测不易得到满意的声像图，胃肠道疾病的诊断常依靠胃镜和x线钡餐检查。近年来由于胃肠声学造影术及超声内镜两项技术的发展和应用，拓宽了胃肠疾病的诊断范围。超声检查可清晰显示胃肠壁的层次结构，发现胃肠壁肿瘤的部位、大小和形态，估计病变侵犯胃肠壁的程度，特别是了解周围器官的转移情况，弥补胃镜和x线检查的不足，为临床治疗方案的选择提供了可靠的依据。
其中，胃肠超声造影检查法是采用造影剂充盈胃、肠腔，通过改善胃肠的超声内部环境，以利于超声波声束穿透，使胃肠结构和其病变方便更加清晰的显示。
但是，患有肠道易激综合征的患者在服用造影剂时，经常会出现造影剂一两个小时就已经到回盲部的情况，正常情况应当在三到六小时，从而不能够顺利造影。出现这种情况通常是因为胃肠蠕动过快，加速了造影剂位移。因此，针对这一类患者在造影过程中能够抑制胃肠蠕动过快，并且能够顺利造影，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的症状为：每因情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后痛减，脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒，嗳气少食。舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦。具体原因分析如下：素体脾虚，复因忧郁恼怒至肝气郁结，气机不畅故见脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒；肝木横逆，克伐已虚之脾土则见情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后木气暂时得达则痛减；脾胃虚弱，气机不畅则嗳气少食；舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦为肝郁脾虚之征。因此，本发明提出以下技术方案。
本发明提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆20～30份、师实20～30份、白菖20～30份、天生草10～15份、柴胡20～30份、吴茱萸10～15份、八月札10～15份、郁金10～15份、苏木5～10份、徐长卿5～10份、苍术10～15份、黄连10～15份、枳实10～15份。
所述微泡中填充的气体为体积比4～8∶1的氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体。
其中，优选方案如下：
所述的造影剂由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆25份、师实25份、白菖25份、天生草12份、柴胡25份、吴茱萸12份、八月札12份、郁金12份、苏木8份、徐长卿8份、苍术12份、黄连12份、枳实12份。
本发明所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过40～80目筛，加入混合中药粉质量4～8倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1～2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3～4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2～3h，提取2～3次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800～1000目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于37～42℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
药理分析：
扁担杆：辛、甘，温。健脾益气，固精止带，祛风除湿。用于小儿疳积，脾虚久泻，遗精，红崩，白带，子宫脱垂，脱肛，风湿关节痛。
师实：味甘；性平。脾；胃经。健脾益气，降逆止呕。主脾胃虚弱，呕吐呃逆。
白菖：苦辛，温。化痰，开窍，健脾，利湿。治癫痫，惊悸健忘，神志不请，湿滞痞胀，泄泻痢疾，风湿疼痛，痈肿疥疮。
天生草：淡，平。清热解毒，健肿利湿。治风湿，小儿疳积，乳腺炎，毒蛇咬伤。
柴胡：苦，微寒。归肝、胆经。和解表里，疏肝，升阳。用于感冒发热，寒热往来，胸胁胀痛，月经不调，子官脱垂，脱肛。
吴茱萸：味辛，温。入肝、脾、胃、大肠、肾经。温中，止痛，理气，燥湿，治呕逆吞酸，厥阴头痛，脏寒吐泻，脘腹胀痛，经行腹痛，五更泄泻，高血压症，脚气，疝气，口疮溃疡，齿痛，湿疹，黄水疮。
八月札：性温平，味苦涩辛，无毒。舒肝理气，活血止痛，除烦利尿。治肝胃气痛，胃热食呆，烦渴，亦白痢疾，腰痛，胁痛，疝气，窟经，子宫下坠。
郁金：辛、苦，寒。归肝、心、肺经。行气化瘀，清心解郁，利胆退黄。用于经闭痛经，胸腹胀痛、刺痛，热病神昏，癫痫发狂，黄疸尿赤。
苏木：甘、成，平。归心、肝、脾经。行血祛瘀，消肿止痛。用于经闭痛经，产后瘀阻，胸腹刺痛，外伤肿痛。
徐长卿：辛，温。归肝、胃经。祛风化湿，止痛止痒。用于风湿痹痛，胃痛胀满，牙痛，腰痛，跌扑损伤，荨麻疹、湿疹。
苍术：归脾、胃、肝经。健脾，燥湿，解郁，辟秽。治湿盛困脾，倦怠嗜卧，脘痞腹胀，食欲不振，呕吐，泄泻，痢疾，疟疾，痰饮，水肿，时气感冒，风寒湿痹，足痿，夜盲。
黄连：清热燥湿，泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满，呕吐吞酸，泻痢，黄疸，高热神昏，心火亢盛，心烦不寐，血热吐衄，目赤，牙痛，消渴，痈肿疔疮；外治湿疹，湿疮，耳道流脓。酒黄连善清上焦火热。用于目赤，口疮。姜黄连清胃和胃止呕。用于寒热互结，湿热中阻，痞满呕吐。萸黄连舒肝和胃止呕。用于肝胃不和，呕吐吞酸。
枳实：苦；辛；寒。归脾；胃；肝；心经。功效主治：积滞内停；痞满胀痛；大便秘结；泻痢后重；结胸；胃下垂；子宫脱垂；脱肛。
本发明中，扁担杆、师实、白菖、天生草用于健脾益气；柴胡、吴茱萸、八月札疏肝理气；郁金、苏木、徐长卿缓解腹痛；苍术、黄连、枳实养胃，对胃部起到滋养作用。
本发明中药载体纯属中药制剂，经多年的研究和临床实践证明：用药安全可靠、药价低廉、携带服用方便，避免了化学药物的毒副作用及过敏反应，适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，并且对胃部具有滋养作用。
疗效判断：
见效：无胃痛、呕吐等不适感，造影清晰，检查后3～6小时内开始排出造影剂。
好转：胃痛、呕吐等不适感减轻，造影清晰，检查后2～3小时内开始排出造影剂。
无效：诸症无明显改善，造影剂1～2小时即到达回盲部。
服用结果：检查患者50例，均为肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，吞服本发明所制造影剂，若感到刺激胃肠道、有过敏症状的立即洗胃催吐。检查后，见效38例，占76％，好转12例，占24％。
附一例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：李某，男，33岁，肠胃经常性疼痛，一开始做超声造影，1小时造影剂已到达回盲部，未能顺利造影。服用本发明的造影剂进行检查，无胃痛、呕吐情况出现，造影清晰，胃呈鱼钩型，空腹无胃潴流；胃窦粘膜皱襞排列不规则，增粗。胃窦小区及胃小沟肥厚，未见明确垄影及充盈缺损。胃窦小弯呈齿状，蠕动，收缩功能偏弱；无压痛激惹现象。检查后4小时即开始排出造影剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆25份、师实25份、白菖25份、天生草12份、柴胡25份、吴茱萸12份、八月札12份、郁金12份、苏木8份、徐长卿8份、苍术12份、黄连12份、枳实12份。
所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过60目筛，加入混合中药粉质量4～8倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1.5h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2.5h，提取2次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于40℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。

Claims (2)

1.一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆20～30份、师实20～30份、白菖20～30份、天生草10～15份、柴胡20～30份、吴茱萸10～15份、八月札10～15份、郁金10～15份、苏木5～10份、徐长卿5～10份、苍术10～15份、黄连10～15份、枳实10～15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：扁担杆25份、师实25份、白菖25份、天生草12份、柴胡25份、吴茱萸12份、八月札12份、郁金12份、苏木8份、徐长卿8份、苍术12份、黄连12份、枳实12份。
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