CN105536001A - 适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺20～30份、土沙参20～30份、白背叶20～30份、补血草10～15份、柑叶20～30份、香附10～15份、枳壳10～15份、元胡10～15份、白屈菜5～10份、乳香5～10份、余甘子10～15份、青皮10～15份、厚朴10～15份。本发明具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，涉及一种胃肠道造影剂，具体涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂。
背景技术
胃肠道为空腔脏器，常有气体影响，超声从体表探测不易得到满意的声像图，胃肠道疾病的诊断常依靠胃镜和x线钡餐检查。近年来由于胃肠声学造影术及超声内镜两项技术的发展和应用，拓宽了胃肠疾病的诊断范围。超声检查可清晰显示胃肠壁的层次结构，发现胃肠壁肿瘤的部位、大小和形态，估计病变侵犯胃肠壁的程度，特别是了解周围器官的转移情况，弥补胃镜和x线检查的不足，为临床治疗方案的选择提供了可靠的依据。
其中，胃肠超声造影检查法是采用造影剂充盈胃、肠腔，通过改善胃肠的超声内部环境，以利于超声波声束穿透，使胃肠结构和其病变方便更加清晰的显示。
但是，患有肠道易激综合征的患者在服用造影剂时，经常会出现造影剂一两个小时就已经到回盲部的情况，正常情况应当在三到六小时，从而不能够顺利造影。出现这种情况通常是因为胃肠蠕动过快，加速了造影剂位移。因此，针对这一类患者在造影过程中能够抑制胃肠蠕动过快，并且能够顺利造影，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的症状为：每因情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后痛减，脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒，暖气少食。舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦。具体原因分析如下：素体脾虚，复因忧郁恼怒至肝气郁结，气机不畅故见脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒；肝木横逆，克伐已虚之脾土则见情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后木气暂时得达则痛减；脾胃虚弱，气机不畅则暖气少食；舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦为肝郁脾虚之征。因此，本发明提出以下技术方案。
本发明提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺20～30份、土沙参20～30份、白背叶20～30份、补血草10～15份、柑叶20～30份、香附10～15份、枳壳10～15份、元胡10～15份、白屈菜5～10份、乳香5～10份、余甘子10～15份、青皮10～15份、厚朴10～15份。
所述微泡中填充的气体为体积比4～8∶1的氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体。
其中，优选方案如下：
所述的造影剂由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺25份、土沙参25份、白背叶25份、补血草12份、柑叶25份、香附12份、枳壳12份、元胡12份、白屈菜8份、乳香8份、余甘子12份、青皮12份、厚朴12份。
本发明所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过40～80目筛，加入混合中药粉质量4～8倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1～2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3～4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2～3h，提取2～3次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800～1000目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于37～42℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
药理分析：
老虎刺：味甘；微苦；性温。健脾益气，补肾宁心，舒筋活络。主体虚乏力，食欲不振，腰膝酸软，阳痿；失眠多梦，健忘，风寒湿痹。
土沙参：味甘，性平。健脾益气；润肺止咳。主体虚自汗，乳汁不足，饮食少进，咳嗽，咯血。
白背叶：以根入药。微苦、涩，平。柔肝活血，健脾化湿，收敛固脱。用于慢性肝炎，肝脾肿大，子宫脱垂，脱肛，白带，妊娠水肿。
补血草：苦、咸，温。活血，止血，温中健脾，滋补强壮。用于月经不调，功能性子宫出血，痔疮出血，胃溃疡，脾虚浮肿。
柑叶：辛、苦、平。归脾、胃、肝经。行气宽胸、疏肝和胃、解毒消痈。主胸隔满闷、胁肋胀痛、经行不畅、膈痈、乳痈、乳岩。
香附：辛、微苦、微甘，平。归肝、脾、三焦经。行气解郁，调经止痛。用于肝郁气滞，胸、胁、脘腹胀痛，消化不良，胸脘痞闷，寒疝腹痛，乳房胀痛，月经不调，经闭痛经。
枳壳：苦、辛、酸，温。归脾、胃经。理气宽中，行滞消胀。用于胸胁气滞，胀满疼痛，食积不化，痰饮内停；胃下垂，脱肛，子官脱垂。
元胡：辛、苦，温。归肝、脾经。活血，利气，止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛，经闭痛经，产后瘀阻，跌扑肿痛。
白屈菜：苦，凉。有毒。清热解毒，止痛，止咳。用于胃炎，胃溃疡，腹痛，肠炎，痢疾，黄疸，慢性气管炎，百日咳；外用治水田皮炎，毒虫咬伤。
乳香：辛、苦，温。活血止痛。用于心腹诸痛，筋脉拘挛，跌打损伤，疮痈肿痛；外用消肿生肌。
余甘子：甘、酸、涩、凉。归肺、胃经。清热凉血，消食健胃，生津止咳。用于血热血瘀，消化不良，腹胀，咳嗽，喉痛，口干。
青皮：苦、辛，温。归肝、胆、胃经。疏肝破气，消积化滞。用于胸胁胀痛，疝气，乳核，乳痈，食积腹痛。
厚朴：苦、辛，温。归脾、胃、肺、大肠经。燥湿消痰，下气除满。用于湿滞伤中，脘痞吐泻，食积气滞，腹胀便秘，痰饮喘咳。
本发明中，老虎刺、土沙参、白背叶、补血草用于健脾益气；柑叶、香附、枳壳疏肝理气；元胡、白屈菜、乳香缓解腹痛；余甘子、青皮、厚朴养胃，对胃部起到滋养作用。
本发明中药载体纯属中药制剂，经多年的研究和临床实践证明：用药安全可靠、药价低廉、携带服用方便，避免了化学药物的毒副作用及过敏反应，适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，并且对胃部具有滋养作用。
疗效判断：
见效：无胃痛、呕吐等不适感，造影清晰，检查后3～6小时内开始排出造影剂。
好转：胃痛、呕吐等不适感减轻，造影清晰，检查后2～3小时内开始排出造影剂。
无效：诸症无明显改善，造影剂1～2小时即到达回盲部。
服用结果：检查患者50例，均为肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，吞服本发明所制造影剂，若感到刺激胃肠道、有过敏症状的立即洗胃催吐。检查后，见效36例，占72％，好转14例，占28％。
附一例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：张某，女，44岁，胃痛少食，一开始做超声造影，2小时造影剂已到达回盲部，造影效果不理想。服用本发明的造影剂进行检查，胃痛症状减轻，造影清晰，贲门无异常发现，胃张力中等，呈中间型，胃腔内见少量潴留液，胃窦部粘膜纹增粗，胃壁尚柔软，蠕动正常，十二指肠球部形态正常。检查后3小时即开始排出造影剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺25份、土沙参25份、白背叶25份、补血草12份、柑叶25份、香附12份、枳壳12份、元胡12份、白屈菜8份、乳香8份、余甘子12份、青皮12份、厚朴12份。
所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过60目筛，加入混合中药粉质量6倍的蒸馏水，煎煮2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流3h，提取3次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于38℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺20～30份、土沙参20～30份、白背叶20～30份、补血草10～15份、柑叶20～30份、香附10～15份、枳壳10～15份、元胡10～15份、白屈菜5～10份、乳香5～10份、余甘子10～15份、青皮10～15份、厚朴10～15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：老虎刺25份、土沙参25份、白背叶25份、补血草12份、柑叶25份、香附12份、枳壳12份、元胡12份、白屈菜8份、乳香8份、余甘子12份、青皮12份、厚朴12份。
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