CN105434946A - 一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105434946A
CN105434946A CN201510986709.8A CN201510986709A CN105434946A CN 105434946 A CN105434946 A CN 105434946A CN 201510986709 A CN201510986709 A CN 201510986709A CN 105434946 A CN105434946 A CN 105434946A
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grams
gram
radix
rhizoma
fructus
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卢文华
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由当归、白术、连翘、北沙参、夏枯草、地龙、代赭石、吴茱萸、石决明、白芍、枸杞子、车前草、防风、天南星、藁本、五味子、女贞子、葶苈子、野菊花、芦根、黄芩、侧柏叶、地榆、槐花、蔓荆子、山药、珍珠母、钩藤按一定重量配比制备而成。本发明药物具有清肝散结,补脾易胃,疏散风热,清利头目,滋肾补肝的功能,用于治疗青光眼见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
青光眼是指眼内压间断或持续升高的一种眼病,持续的高眼压可以给眼球各部分组织和视功能带来损害,如不及时治疗,视野可以全部丧失而至失明。中医则认为青光眼与热邪内犯,肝失疏泄,脾失健运,肝郁气滞有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗青光眼的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗青光眼的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗青光眼的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择当归、白术、连翘、北沙参、夏枯草、地龙、代赭石、吴茱萸、石决明、白芍、枸杞子、车前草、防风、天南星、藁本、五味子、女贞子、葶苈子、野菊花、芦根、黄芩、侧柏叶、地榆、槐花、蔓荆子、山药、珍珠母、钩藤、大黄、柴胡、升麻、通草进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗青光眼。其中,选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用北沙参是因为其性味甘苦淡,凉,入肺、脾经,有养阴清肺,祛痰止咳的功能,治肺热燥咳,虚痨久咳,阴伤咽干、口渴。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛,寒,入肝、胆经,有清肝,散结的功能,治瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈,乳癌,目珠夜痛,羞明流泪,头目眩晕,口眼歪斜,筋骨疼痛,肺结核,急性黄疸型传染性肝炎,血崩,带下。选用地龙是因为其性味咸,寒,入肝、脾、肺经,有清热,平肝,止喘,通络的功能,治高热狂躁,惊风抽搐,风热头痛,目赤,中风半身不遂,喘息,喉痹,关节疼痛,齿衄,小便不通,瘰疬,痄腮,疮疡。选用代赭石是因为其性味苦、甘,微寒,归肝、胃、心经,有平肝潜阳,重镇降逆,凉血止血的功能,治头前眩晕,心悸,癫狂,惊痫,呕吐,噫气,咳嗽气喘,吐血,鼻衄,崩漏,便血,尿血。选用吴茱萸是因为其性味辛苦,温,有毒,入肝、胃经,有温中,止痛,理气,燥湿的功能,治呕逆吞酸,厥阴头痛,脏寒吐泻,脘腹胀痛,脚气,疝气,口疮溃疡,齿痛,湿疹,黄水疮。选用石决明是因为其性味咸,平,入肝、肾经,有平肝潜阳,除热,明目的功能,治风阳上扰,头痛眩晕,惊搐,骨蒸劳热,青盲内障。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精。选用车前草是因为其性味甘,寒,入肝、脾二经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,黄疸,水肿,热痢,泄泻,鼻衄,目赤肿痛,喉痹乳蛾,咳嗽,皮肤溃疡。选用防风是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、肺、脾经,有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能,治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。选用天南星是因为其性味苦辛,温,有毒,入肺、肝、脾经,有燥湿化痰,祛风定惊,消肿散结的功能,治中风痰壅,口眼斜,半身不遂,癫癎,惊风,破伤风,风痰眩晕,喉痹,瘰疬,痈肿,跌扑折伤,蛇虫咬伤。选用藁本是因为其性味辛,温,归膀胱经,有散寒祛风,除湿止痛的功能,用于风寒感冒,巅顶疼痛。选用五味子是因为其性味酸,温,入肺、肾经,有敛肺,滋肾,生津,收汗,涩精的功能,治肺虚喘咳,口干作渴,自汗,盗汗,劳伤羸瘦,梦遗滑精,久泻久痢。选用女贞子是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强腰膝的功能,治阴虚内热,头晕,目花耳鸣,腰膝酸软,须发早白。选用葶苈子是因为其性味辛,苦,大寒,归肺、膀胱经,有泻肺平喘,利水消肿的功能,治痰涎壅肺,咳喘痰多,胸胁胀满,胸腹水肿,小便不利及肺源性心脏病水肿。选用野菊花是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风清热,消肿解毒的功能,治风热感冒,肺炎,白喉,胃肠炎,高血压,疔,痈,口疮,丹毒,湿疹,天泡疮。选用芦根是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺,胃经,有清热,生津,除烦,止呕的功能,治热病烦渴,胃热呕吐,噎膈,反胃,肺痿,肺痈,并解河豚鱼毒。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒,入心肺、胆、大肠经,有泻实火,除湿热,止血安胎的功能,治壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽。选用侧柏叶是因为其性味苦涩,寒,入心、肝、大肠经,有凉血,止血,祛风湿,散肿毒的功能,治吐血,衄血,尿血,血痢,肠风,崩漏,风湿痹痛,细菌性痢疾,高血压,咳嗽,丹毒,痄腮,烫伤。选用地榆是因为其性味苦酸、寒。入肝、大肠经。凉血止血,清热解毒。治吐血,衄血,血痢,崩溃,肠风,痔漏,痈肿,湿疹,金疮,烧伤。选用槐花是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、大肠经,有清热,凉血,止血的功能,治肠风便血,痔血,尿血,血淋,崩漏,衄血,赤白痢下,风热目赤,痈疽疮毒,并用于预防中风。选用蔓荆子是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肝、胃,膀胱经,有疏散风热,清利头目的功能,治风热感冒,正、偏头痛,齿痛,目睛内痛。选用山药是因为其性味甘,平,入肺、脾、肾经,有健脾,补肺,固肾,益精的功能,治脾虚泄泻,久痢,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精、带下,小便频数。选用珍珠母是因为其性味咸,凉,入心、肝两经,有平肝,潜阳,定惊,止血的功能,治头眩,耳鸣,心悸,失眠,癫狂,惊癎,吐血,衄血,妇女血崩。选用钩藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、心经,有清热平肝,熄风定惊的功能,治小儿惊癎瘈瘲,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子癎。选用大黄是因为其性味苦、寒,入胃、大肠、肝径,有泻热毒,破积滞,行瘀血的功能,治实热便秘,谵语发狂,食积痞满,痢疾初起,里急后重,瘀停经闭,癥瘕积聚,时行热疫,暴眼赤痛,吐血,衄血,阳黄,水肿,淋浊,溲赤,痈疡肿毒,疔疮,汤火伤。选用柴胡是由因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝、胆经。和解少阳,退热疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胸胁胀痛,月经不调,子宫脱垂,脱肛。选用升麻是因为其性味甘辛微苦,凉,入肺、脾、胃经,有升阳,发表,透疹,解毒的功能,治时气疫劳,头痛寒热,喉痛,口疮疤,斑疹不透,中气下陷,久泻久痢,脱肛,妇女崩带,子宫下坠,痈肿疮毒。选用通草是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入肺、胃经,有泻肺,利小便,下乳汁的功能,治小便不利,淋病,水肿,产妇乳汁不通,目昏,鼻塞。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
当归10-20克,白术10-15克,连翘10-20克,北沙参10-15克,夏枯草15-25克,地龙10-15克,代赭石15-25克,吴茱萸3-9克,石决明10-20克,白芍10-20克,枸杞子5-15克,车前草10-20克,防风5-15克,天南星5-15克,藁本5-15克,五味子5-15克,女贞子5-15克,葶苈子5-15克,野菊花5-15克,芦根10-20克,黄芩10-15克,侧柏叶10-15克,地榆5-15克,槐花5-10克,蔓荆子5-15克,山药5-15克,珍珠母10-20克,钩藤15-25克,大黄10-20克,柴胡5-15克,升麻5-15克,通草7-12克。
优选为:
当归15克,白术12克,连翘15克,北沙参12克,夏枯草20克,地龙12克,代赭石20克,吴茱萸6克,石决明15克,白芍15克,枸杞子10克,车前草15克,防风10克,天南星10克,藁本10克,五味子10克,女贞子10克,葶苈子10克,野菊花10克,芦根15克,黄芩12克,侧柏叶12克,地榆10克,槐花8克,蔓荆子10克,山药10克,珍珠母15克,钩藤20克,大黄15克,柴胡10克,升麻10克,通草9克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
2、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
3、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
4、北沙参:拣去杂质,除去茎基,用水略洗,捞出,稍润,切段,晒干;
5、夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
6、地龙:拣去杂质,用水漂净,及时捞出,晒干,切段;
7、代赭石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥,打成碎块;
8、吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
9、石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
10、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
11、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
12、车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
13、防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
14、天南星:拣去杂质,洗净灰屑,晒干;
15、藁本:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,抢水洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
16、五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
17、女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
18、葶苈子:取原药材,除去杂质;
19、野菊花:去净杂质,除去残根,洗净切段,晒干;
20、芦根:拣去杂质及根,切段,晒干;
21、黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
22、侧柏叶:拣净杂质,揉碎去梗,筛净灰屑;
23、地榆:拣去杂质,用水洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切成厚片,晒干;
24、槐花:取原药材,除去梗、叶及杂质,筛去灰屑;
25、蔓荆子:筛净灰屑,除去残存萼片,置锅内用武火炒至焦黄色,略喷清水,放凉;
26、山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为止,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
27、珍珠母:拣去杂质,敲成碎块,筛去灰屑;
28、钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
29、大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
30、柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
31、升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
32、通草:拣去杂质,切片。
二、制备
1、将炮制好的当归、白术、连翘、北沙参、夏枯草、地龙、代赭石、吴茱萸、石决明、白芍、枸杞子、车前草、防风、天南星、藁本、五味子、女贞子、葶苈子、野菊花、芦根、黄芩、侧柏叶、地榆、槐花、蔓荆子、山药、珍珠母、钩藤、大黄、柴胡、升麻、通草放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
组方中夏枯草有清肝,散结的功能为君药;白术补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中;蔓荆子有疏散风热,清利头目的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥清肝,散结,补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中,疏散风热,清利头目的作用,治疗青光眼效力全面,且以清肝散结,补脾,疏散风热,清利头目为主可治本,枸杞子有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目,治肝肾阴亏的功能为佐药,石决明有平肝潜阳,除热,明目的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有清肝散结,补脾易胃,疏散风热,清利头目,滋肾补肝的功能,用于治疗青光眼,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用药液超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治青光眼门诊患者共27例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为眼部剧烈疼痛,同侧头痛,虹视,视力下降并伴有恶心,呕吐,恶寒发热,便秘,眼压升高,瞳孔散大等症状。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:青光眼症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者眼压高,视力下降,眼部疼痛的症状减轻,青光眼症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗青光眼患者27例,结果显效23例,显效率为85.18%,好转3例,好转率为11.11%,无效1例,总有效率为96.29%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗青光眼的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
当归10-20克,白术10-15克,连翘10-20克,北沙参10-15克,夏枯草15-25克,地龙10-15克,代赭石15-25克,吴茱萸3-9克,石决明10-20克,白芍10-20克,枸杞子5-15克,车前草10-20克,防风5-15克,天南星5-15克,藁本5-15克,五味子5-15克,女贞子5-15克,葶苈子5-15克,野菊花5-15克,芦根10-20克,黄芩10-15克,侧柏叶10-15克,地榆5-15克,槐花5-10克,蔓荆子5-15克,山药5-15克,珍珠母10-20克,钩藤15-25克,大黄10-20克,柴胡5-15克,升麻5-15克,通草7-12克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
当归15克,白术12克,连翘15克,北沙参12克,夏枯草20克,地龙12克,代赭石20克,吴茱萸6克,石决明15克,白芍15克,枸杞子10克,车前草15克,防风10克,天南星10克,藁本10克,五味子10克,女贞子10克,葶苈子10克,野菊花10克,芦根15克,黄芩12克,侧柏叶12克,地榆10克,槐花8克,蔓荆子10克,山药10克,珍珠母15克,钩藤20克,大黄15克,柴胡10克,升麻10克,通草9克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(2)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(3)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(4)北沙参:拣去杂质,除去茎基,用水略洗,捞出,稍润,切段,晒干;
(5)夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(6)地龙:拣去杂质,用水漂净,及时捞出,晒干,切段;
(7)代赭石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥,打成碎块;
(8)吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
(9)石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
(10)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(11)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(12)车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
(13)防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(14)天南星:拣去杂质,洗净灰屑,晒干;
(15)藁本:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,抢水洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
(16)五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
(17)女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
(18)葶苈子:取原药材,除去杂质;
(19)野菊花:去净杂质,除去残根,洗净切段,晒干;
(20)芦根:拣去杂质及根,切段,晒干;
(21)黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
(22)侧柏叶:拣净杂质,揉碎去梗,筛净灰屑;
(23)地榆:拣去杂质,用水洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切成厚片,晒干;
(24)槐花:取原药材,除去梗、叶及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(25)蔓荆子:筛净灰屑,除去残存萼片,置锅内用武火炒至焦黄色,略喷清水,放凉;
(26)山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为止,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
(27)珍珠母:拣去杂质,敲成碎块,筛去灰屑;
(28)钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
(29)大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
(30)柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(31)升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(32)通草:拣去杂质,切片;
(二)制备
(1)将炮制好的当归、白术、连翘、北沙参、夏枯草、地龙、代赭石、吴茱萸、石决明、白芍、枸杞子、车前草、防风、天南星、藁本、五味子、女贞子、葶苈子、野菊花、芦根、黄芩、侧柏叶、地榆、槐花、蔓荆子、山药、珍珠母、钩藤、大黄、柴胡、升麻、通草放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
CN201510986709.8A 2015-12-26 2015-12-26 一种治疗青光眼的药物及其制备方法 Pending CN105434946A (zh)

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