CN105362889A - 一种治疗耳鸣的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗耳鸣的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105362889A
CN105362889A CN201510936393.1A CN201510936393A CN105362889A CN 105362889 A CN105362889 A CN 105362889A CN 201510936393 A CN201510936393 A CN 201510936393A CN 105362889 A CN105362889 A CN 105362889A
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张朝兰
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗耳鸣的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由钩藤、熟地黄、路路通、柴胡、补骨脂、黄连、磁石、香附、苍耳子、甘草、当归、金银花、川芎、女贞子、分心木、肉桂、益智仁、透骨草、山茱萸、黑芝麻、珍珠母、桑椹、十大功劳叶、龙胆按一定重量配比制备而成。本发明药物具有补益肝肾,清肝泄热,理气解郁,祛风除湿的功能,用于治疗耳鸣见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗耳鸣的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗耳鸣的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
耳鸣是一种听觉功能紊乱所致的常见症状,患者自觉耳内或头部有声音,但其环境中并无相应的声源,而且愈是安静,感觉鸣音越大。中医则认为此病多与风热之邪侵袭,肝火上扰清窍,痰火郁结耳窍,肾精亏损失养,脾胃虚弱失运等有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗耳鸣的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗耳鸣的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗耳鸣的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择钩藤、黄芪、石菖蒲、熟地黄、路路通、柴胡、补骨脂、黄连、磁石、香附、苍耳子、甘草、黑大豆、当归、金银花、川芎、女贞子、分心木、防风、肉桂、益智仁、透骨草、山茱萸、黑芝麻、珍珠母、桑椹、十大功劳叶、龙胆原料药进行组合制备的,将这些原料药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗耳鸣。其中,选用钩藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、心经,有清热平肝,熄风定惊的功能,治小儿惊癎瘈瘲,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子癎。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用石菖蒲是因为其性味辛苦,微温,入心、肝、脾经,有开窍,豁痰,理气,活血,散风,去湿的功能,治癫癎,痰厥,热病神昏,健忘,气闭耳聋,心胸烦闷,胃痛,腹痛,风寒湿痹,痈疽肿毒,跌打损伤。选用熟地黄是因为其性味甘,微温,入肝、肾经,有滋阴,补血的功能,治阴虚血少,腰膝痿弱,劳嗽骨蒸,遗精,崩漏,月经不调,消渴,溲数,耳聋,目昏。选用路路通是因为其性味苦平,通行十二经,有祛风通络,利尿除湿的功能,治水肿,胀满,经闭,乳少,手足拘挛。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。补骨脂是因为其性味辛,温,入肾经,有补肾助阳的功能,治肾虚冷泻,遗尿,滑精,小便频数,阳瘘,腰膝冷痛,虚寒喘嗽。选用黄连是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、胃、大肠经,有泻火,燥湿,解毒,杀虫的功能,治时行热毒、伤寒,热盛心烦,痞满呕逆,菌痢,热泻腹痛,肺结核,吐、衄、下血,消渴,疳积,蛔虫病,百日咳,咽喉肿痛,火眼,口疮,痈疽疮毒,湿疹,汤火烫伤。选用磁石是因为其性味辛咸,平,入肾、肝、肺经,有潜阳纳气,镇惊安神的功能,治头目眩晕,耳鸣耳聋,虚喘,惊癎,怔忡。选用香附是因为其性味辛微苦干,平,入肝、三焦经,有理气解郁,止痛调经的功能,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛,痰饮痞满,月经不调,崩漏带下。选用苍耳子是因为其性味甘,温,有毒,入肺、肝经,有散风,止痛,祛湿,杀虫的功能,治风寒头痛,鼻渊,齿痛,风寒湿痹,四脚挛痛,疥癞,瘙痒。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用黑大豆是因为其性味苦甘,平,入脾、肾经,有活血,利水,祛风,解毒的功能,治水肿胀满,风毒脚气,黄疸浮肿,风痹筋挛,产后风痉、口噤,痈肿疮毒;解药毒。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用女贞子是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强腰膝的功能,治阴虚内热,头晕,目花耳鸣,腰膝酸软,须发早白。选用分心木是因为其性味苦涩,性平,入脾、肾二经,有固肾涩精的功能,治遗精滑泄,淋病,尿血,遗溺,崩中,带下,泻痢。选用防风是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、肺、脾经,有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能,治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。选用肉桂是因为其性味辛甘,热,入肾、脾、膀胱经,有补元阳,暖脾胃,除积冷,通血脉的功能,治命门火衰,肢冷脉微,亡阳虚脱,腹痛泄泻,寒疝奔豚,腰膝冷痛,经闭癥瘕,阴疽,流注,及虚阳浮越,上热下寒。选用益智仁是因为其性味辛,温,入脾、肾经,有温脾,暖肾,固气,涩精的功能,治冷气腹痛,中寒吐泻,多唾,遗精,小便余沥,夜多小便。选用透骨草是因为其性味辛温,归肺、肝、肾经,有祛风除湿,舒筋活血,散瘀消肿,解毒止痛的功能,治风湿痹痛,筋骨挛缩,疮癣肿毒。选用山茱萸是因为其性味酸,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,涩精气,固虚脱的功能,治腰膝酸痛,眩晕,耳鸣,阳痿,遗精,小便频数,肝虚寒热,虚汗不止,心摇脉散。选用黑芝麻,异名胡麻仁,其性味甘,平,归肝、肾、大肠经,有补肝肾,益精血,润肠燥的功能,治头昏眼花,耳鸣耳聋,须发早白,病后脱发,肠燥便秘。选用珍珠母是因为其性味咸,凉,入心、肝两经,有平肝,潜阳,定惊,止血的功能,治头眩,耳鸣,心悸,失眠,癫狂,惊癎,吐血,衄血,妇女血崩。选用桑椹是因为其性味甘,寒,入肝,肾经,有补肝,益肾,熄风,滋液的功能,治肝肾阴亏,消渴,便秘,目暗,耳鸣,瘰疬,关节不利。选用十大功劳叶是因为其性味苦,凉,入肺经,有清热补虚,止咳化痰的功能,治肺痨咳血,骨蒸潮热,头晕耳鸣,腰酸腿软,心烦,目赤。选用龙胆是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、胆经,有泻肝实火,除下焦湿热的功能,治肝经热盛,惊癎狂躁,乙型脑炎,头痛,目赤,咽痛,黄疸,热痢,痈肿疮疡,阴囊肿痛,阴部湿痒。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
钩藤8-15克,黄芪10-15克,石菖蒲10-15克,熟地黄8-12克,路路通8-12克,柴胡12-18克,补骨脂12-18克,黄连10-15克,磁石10-15克,香附10-15克,苍耳子6-10克,甘草15-25克,黑大豆8-12克,当归8-12克,金银花10克,川芎10-15克,女贞子12-18克,分心木12-18克,防风8-12克,肉桂12-18克,益智仁12-18克,透骨草8-12克,山茱萸8-15克,黑芝麻12-18克,珍珠母12-18克,桑椹15-25克,十大功劳叶10-15克,龙胆8-15克。
优选为:
钩藤10克,黄芪12克,石菖蒲12克,熟地黄10克,路路通10克,柴胡15克,补骨脂15克,黄连12克,磁石12克,香附12克,苍耳子8克,甘草20克,黑大豆10克,当归10克,金银花10克,川芎12克,女贞子15克,分心木15克,防风10克,肉桂15克,益智仁15克,透骨草10克,山茱萸10克,黑芝麻15克,珍珠母15克,桑椹20克,十大功劳叶12克,龙胆10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
2、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡;
3、石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干,捞出,润透后切片晒干;
4、熟地黄:取原药材蒸至表面乌黑色,取出,晒至八成干,切片,干燥;
5、路路通:除去杂质,洗净,晒干;
6、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
7、补骨脂:簸尽杂质,洗净,晒干;
8、黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
9、磁石:拣去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
10、香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
11、苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
12、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
13、黑大豆:拣净杂质,晒干;
14、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
15、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
16、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
17、女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
18、分心木:秋、冬季采收成熟核果,击开核壳,采取核仁时,收果核内的木质隔膜,晒干;
19、防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
20、肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
21、益智仁:取益智仁置锅内,炒至外壳焦黑,取出冷透,除去果壳,取仁捣碎用;
22、透骨草:拣净杂质,切段;
23、山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
24、黑芝麻:取原药材,除去杂质,筛去碎屑;
25、珍珠母:拣去杂质,敲成碎块,筛去灰屑;
26、桑椹:用水洗净,拣去杂质,摘除长柄,晒干;
27、十大功劳叶:秋季采收,拣净杂质,晒干;
28、龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的钩藤、黄芪、石菖蒲、熟地黄、路路通、柴胡、补骨脂、黄连、磁石、香附、苍耳子、甘草、黑大豆、当归、金银花、川芎、女贞子、分心木、防风、肉桂、益智仁、透骨草、山茱萸、黑芝麻、珍珠母、桑椹、十大功劳叶、龙胆放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液。
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
组方中山茱萸有补肝肾,涩精气,固虚脱的功能为君药;桑椹补肝,益肾,熄风,滋液;益智仁有温脾,暖肾,固气,涩精的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥补肝,益肾,温脾,固气,熄风,滋液的作用,治疗耳鸣效力全面,且以补肝,益肾为主可治本,龙胆有泻肝实火,除下焦湿热的功能为佐药,甘草有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有补益肝肾,清肝泄热,理气解郁,祛风除湿的功能,用于治疗耳鸣,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
具体实施方式:
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用药液超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治耳鸣门诊患者共32例。
2、诊断标准
临床症状为耳鸣声或如蝉噪,或如钟鼓,或如水激,久则耳聋,面色黄白,倦怠乏力,神疲纳少,大便易溏。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:耳鸣症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者头痛、耳塞现象减轻,耳鸣症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗耳鸣患者32例,结果显效29例,显效率为90.62%,好转2例,好转率为6.25%,无效1例,总有效率为96.87%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗耳鸣的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
钩藤8-15克,黄芪10-15克,石菖蒲10-15克,熟地黄8-12克,路路通8-12克,柴胡12-18克,补骨脂12-18克,黄连10-15克,磁石10-15克,香附10-15克,苍耳子6-10克,甘草15-25克,黑大豆8-12克,当归8-12克,金银花10克,川芎10-15克,女贞子12-18克,分心木12-18克,防风8-12克,肉桂12-18克,益智仁12-18克,透骨草8-12克,山茱萸8-15克,黑芝麻12-18克,珍珠母12-18克,桑椹15-25克,十大功劳叶10-15克,龙胆8-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
钩藤10克,黄芪12克,石菖蒲12克,熟地黄10克,路路通10克,柴胡15克,补骨脂15克,黄连12克,磁石12克,香附12克,苍耳子8克,甘草20克,黑大豆10克,当归10克,金银花10克,川芎12克,女贞子15克,分心木15克,防风10克,肉桂15克,益智仁15克,透骨草10克,山茱萸10克,黑芝麻15克,珍珠母15克,桑椹20克,十大功劳叶12克,龙胆10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
(2)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后切片晒干;
(3)石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
(4)熟地黄:取原药材蒸至表面乌黑色,取出,晒至八成干,切片,干燥;
(5)路路通:除去杂质,洗净,晒干;
(6)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(7)补骨脂:簸尽杂质,洗净,晒干;
(8)黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
(9)磁石:拣去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
(10)香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
(11)苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
(12)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(13)黑大豆:拣净杂质,晒干;
(14)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(15)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(16)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(17)女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
(18)分心木:秋、冬季采收成熟核果,击开核壳,采取核仁时,收果核内的木质隔膜,晒干;
(19)防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(20)肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
(21)益智仁:取益智仁置锅内,炒至外壳焦黑,取出冷透,除去果壳,取仁捣碎用;
(22)透骨草:拣净杂质,切段;
(23)山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
(24)黑芝麻:取原药材,除去杂质,筛去碎屑;
(25)珍珠母:拣去杂质,敲成碎块,筛去灰屑;
(26)桑椹:用水洗净,拣去杂质,摘除长柄,晒干;
(27)十大功劳叶:秋季采收,拣净杂质,晒干;
(28)龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的钩藤、黄芪、石菖蒲、熟地黄、路路通、柴胡、补骨脂、黄连、磁石、香附、苍耳子、甘草、黑大豆、当归、金银花、川芎、女贞子、分心木、防风、肉桂、益智仁、透骨草、山茱萸、黑芝麻、珍珠母、桑椹、十大功劳叶、龙胆放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
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