CN105477228A - 一种治疗结膜炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗结膜炎的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105477228A
CN105477228A CN201510951002.3A CN201510951002A CN105477228A CN 105477228 A CN105477228 A CN 105477228A CN 201510951002 A CN201510951002 A CN 201510951002A CN 105477228 A CN105477228 A CN 105477228A
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张朝兰
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗结膜炎的药物及其制备方法，其主要是由蒲公英、龙胆、葵花、菊花、木贼、桑叶、鱼腥草、防风、夏枯草决明子、夜明砂、当归、甘草、麻黄、柴胡、千里光、白薇、节节花、密蒙花、金银花、胆星、田基黄、蝉蜕、忍冬藤、连翘按一定重量配比制备而成。本发明药物具有养阴泻热，疏风清热，明目退翳的功能，用于治疗结膜炎见效快、疗效好，不复发。

Description

一种治疗结膜炎的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗结膜炎的药物及其制备方法，属中药领域。
背景技术
结膜炎是指结膜组织在外界和机体自身因素的作用而发生的炎性反应。中医则认为此病属于暴风客热，暴发火眼，天行赤眼的范畴。由于西药治疗副作用大，因此人们对有效治疗结膜炎的中药药物存在极大的需求，至今为止，还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人经过反复的研究和临床试验的反复验证，终于找到了有效治疗结膜炎的药物，从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗结膜炎的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择蒲公英、龙胆、黄芩、葵花、菊花、木贼、桑叶、鱼腥草、防风、夏枯草、秦艽、紫花地丁、决明子、夜明砂、当归、甘草、麻黄、柴胡、千里光、白薇、节节花、黄柏、密蒙花、金银花、胆星、田基黄、蝉蜕、玄参、忍冬藤、连翘药物进行组合制备的，将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用，从而能够有效治疗结膜炎。其中，选用蒲公英是因为其性味苦甘，寒，入肝、胃经，有清热解毒，利尿散结的功能，治急性乳腺炎，淋巴腺炎，瘰疬，疔毒疮肿，急性结膜炎，感冒发热，急性扁桃体炎，急性支气管炎，胃炎，肝炎，胆囊炎，尿路感染。选用龙胆是因为其性味苦，寒，入肝、胆经，有泻肝实火，除下焦湿热的功能，治肝经热盛，惊癎狂躁，乙型脑炎，头痛，目赤，咽痛，黄疸，热痢，痈肿疮疡，阴囊肿痛，阴部湿痒。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒，入心肺、胆、大肠经，有泻实火，除湿热，止血安胎的功能，治壮热烦渴，肺热咳嗽。选用葵花，异名向日葵花，其性味甘、平，无毒，有疏风清热，清肝明目的功能，治头痛，目昏，面肿，又可催生。选用菊花是因为其性味甘苦，凉，入肺，肝经，有疏风，消热，明目，解毒的功能，治头痛，眩晕，目赤，心胸烦热，疔疮，肿毒。选用木贼是因为其性味甘苦，平，入肺、肝、胆经，有疏风散热，解肌，退翳的功能，治目生云翳，迎风流泪，肠风下血，血痢，脱肛，疟疾，喉痛，痈肿。选用桑叶是因为其性味苦甘，寒，入肺、肝经，有祛风清热，凉血明目的功能，治风湿发热，头痛，目赤，口渴，肺热咳嗽，风痹，瘾疹，下肢象皮肿。选用鱼腥草是因为其性味辛，寒，入手太阴经，有清热解毒，利尿消肿的功能，治肺炎，肺脓疡，热痢，疟疾，水肿，淋病，白带，痈肿，痔疮，脱肛，湿疹，秃疮，疥癣。选用防风是因为其性味辛甘，温，入膀胱、肺、脾经，有发表，祛风，胜湿，止痛的功能，治外感风寒，头痛，目眩，项强，风寒湿痹，骨节酸痛，四肢挛急，破伤风。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛，寒，入肝、胆经，有清肝，散结的功能，治瘰疬，瘿瘤，乳痈，乳癌，目珠夜痛，羞明流泪，头目眩晕，口眼歪斜，筋骨疼痛，肺结核，急性黄疸型传染性肝炎，血崩，带下。选用秦艽是因为其性味苦辛，平，入肝、胃、胆经，有祛风除湿，和血舒筋，清热利尿的功能，治风湿痹痛，筋骨拘挛，黄疸，便血，骨蒸潮热，小儿疳热，小便不利。选用紫花地丁是因为其性味苦、辛、寒，归心、肝经，有清热解毒，凉血消肿的功能，治疔疮肿毒，痈疽发背，丹毒，毒蛇咬伤。选用决明子是因为其性味苦甘，凉，入肝、肾经，有清肝，明目，利水，通便的功能，治风热赤眼，青盲，雀目，高血压，肝炎，肝硬化腹化，习惯性便秘。选用夜明砂是因为其性味辛，寒，入肝经，有清热明目，散血消积的功能，治青盲雀目，内外障翳，瘰疬，疳积，疟疾。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛，温，入心、肝、脾经，有补血和血，调经止痛，润燥滑肠的功能，治月经不调，经闭腹痛，癥瘕结聚，崩漏，血虚头痛，眩晕，痿痹，肠燥难便，赤痢后重，痈疽疮疡，金疮，跌扑损伤。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平，入脾、胃、肺经，有和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药的功能，炙用治脾胃虚弱，食少，腹痛便溏，劳倦发热，肺痿咳嗽，心悸，惊痈，生用治咽喉肿痛，消化性溃疡，痈疽疮疡，解药毒及食物中毒。选用麻黄是因为其性味辛苦，温，入肺、膀胱经，有发汗，平喘，利水的功能，治伤寒表实，发热恶寒无汗、头痛鼻塞、骨节疼痛，咳嗽气喘，风水浮肿，小便不利，风邪顽痹，皮肤不仁，风疹瘙痒。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦，凉，入肝、胆经，有和解表里，疏肝，升阳的功能，治寒热往来，胸满胁痛，口苦耳聋，头痛目眩，疟疾，下利脱肛，月经不调，子宫下垂。选用千里光是因为其性味苦，寒，归肺、肝、大肠经，有清热解毒，明目，止痒的功能，治风热感冒，目赤肿痛，泄泻痢疾，皮肤湿疹，疮疖。选用白薇是因为其性味苦咸，寒，入肺、胃、肾经，有清热，凉血的功能，治阴虚内热，风湿灼热多眠，肺热咳血，温疟，瘅疟，产后虚烦血厥，热淋，血淋，风湿痛，瘰疬。选用节节花是因为其性味甘，微苦，平，有清热，利尿，明目退翳，祛痰止咳的功能，治目赤肿痛，角膜云翳，肝炎，咳嗽，支气管炎，泌尿系感染。选用黄柏是因为其性味苦，寒，入肺、胃、肾经，有滋阴降火，润燥滑肠的功能，治烦热消渴，骨蒸劳热，肺热咳嗽，大便燥结，小便不利。选用密蒙花是因为其性味甘，凉，入肝经，有祛风，凉血，润肝，明目的功能，治目赤肿痛，多泪羞明，青盲翳障，风弦烂眼。选用金银花是因为其性味甘，寒，入肺、胃经，有清热，解毒的功能，治温病发热，热毒血痢，痈疡，肿毒，瘰疬，痔漏。选用胆星是因为其性味苦，性凉，入心、肝、肺三经，有清火化痰，镇惊定癎，痰火喘嗽，头风眩晕。选用田基黄是因为其性味甘，苦，凉，入肺、肝、胃经，有清热利湿，解毒，散瘀消肿的功能，治湿热黄疸，泄泻，痢疾，肠痈，痈疖肿毒，乳蛾，口疮，目赤肿痛，毒蛇咬伤，跌打损伤。选用蝉蜕是因为其性味甘咸，凉，入肺、肝经，有散风热，宣肺，定痉的功能，治外感风热，咳嗽音哑，麻疹透发不畅，风疹瘙痒，小儿惊癎，目赤，翳障，疔疮肿毒，破伤风。选用玄参是因为其性味苦咸，凉，入肺、肾经，有滋阴，降火，除烦，解毒的功能，治热病烦渴，发斑，骨蒸劳热，夜寐不宁，自汗盗汗，津伤便秘，吐血衄血，咽喉肿痛，痈肿，瘰疬。选用忍冬藤是因为其性味甘，寒，入心、肺经，有清热，解毒，通络的功能，治温病发热，热毒血痢，传染性肝炎，痈肿疮毒，筋骨疼痛。选用连翘是因为其性味苦，凉，入心、肝、胆经，有清热，解毒，散结，消肿的功能，治温热，丹毒，斑疹，痈疡肿毒，瘰疬，小便淋闭。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的，各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效：
蒲公英8-12克，龙胆12-18克，黄芩12-18克，葵花15-25克，菊花15-25克，木贼10-15克，桑叶12-18克，鱼腥草8-12克，防风8-12克，夏枯草10-15克，秦艽8-12克，紫花地丁8-12克，决明子10-15克，夜明砂15-20克，当归8-12克，甘草12-18克，麻黄8-12克，柴胡12-18克，千里光10-15克，白薇8-12克，节节花15-25克，黄柏10-15克，密蒙花10-15克，金银花8-12克，胆星6-10克，田基黄8-12克，蝉蜕8-12克，玄参15-25克，忍冬藤8-12克，连翘8-12克。
优选为：
蒲公英10克，龙胆15克，黄芩15克，葵花20克，菊花20克，木贼15克，桑叶15克，鱼腥草10克，防风10克，夏枯草12克，秦艽10克，紫花地丁10克，决明子15克，夜明砂20克，当归10克，甘草15克，麻黄10克，柴胡12克，千里光20克，白薇10克，节节花20克，黄柏15克，密蒙花15克，金银花10克，胆星8克，田基黄10克，蝉蜕10克，玄参20克，忍冬藤10克，连翘10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、蒲公英：拣去杂质，洗净泥土，切段，晒干；
2、龙胆：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净，润透后切段，晒干；
3、黄芩：拣去杂质，除去残茎，用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出，切片，晒干；
4、葵花：拣净杂质，晒干；
5、菊花：拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质；
6、木贼：洗净，稍润，剪去根部，切段，晾干；
7、桑叶：拣去杂质，搓碎，簸去梗，筛去泥屑；
8、鱼腥草：去净杂质，除去残根，洗净切段，晒干；
9、防风：除去残茎，用水浸泡，捞出，润透切片，晒干；
10、夏枯草：取原药材，除去枝梗、叶片及杂质，筛去灰屑；
11、秦艽：拣去杂质，除去芦头，稍浸，润透切片，晒干；
12、紫花地丁：取原药材，除去杂质，洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥；
13、决明子：取净决明子，置锅内炒至微有香气，取出，放凉；
14、夜明砂：拣净杂质，簸去泥砂，漂洗后晒干，研为细粉；
15、当归：拣去杂质，洗净，闷润，稍晾，切片晒干；
16、甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，凉干；
17、麻黄：拣去杂质，去尽木质茎及残根，用水洗净，微润后切段，干燥即得；
18、柴胡：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净泥沙，捞出，润透后及时切片，随即晒干；
19、千里光：取原药材，除去杂质，洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥；
20、白薇：拣净杂质，除去茎苗，洗净，稍浸，润透，切段，晒干；
21、节节花：夏季采收，洗净，晒干；
22、黄柏：拣去杂质，用水洗净，捞出，润透，切片或切丝，晒干；
23、密蒙花：拣去杂质，筛净灰土；
24、金银花：筛去泥沙，拣净杂质；
25、胆星：拣去杂质，研成小块；
26、田基黄：春、夏季开花时采收全草，晒干或鲜用；
27、蝉蜕：拣去杂质，洗净晒干；
28、玄参：拣净杂质，除去芦头，洗净润透，切片，晾干；
29、忍冬藤：拣去杂质，用水浸泡，润透，切片，晒干；
30、连翘：拣净杂质，搓开，除去枝梗。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的蒲公英、龙胆、黄芩、葵花、菊花、木贼、桑叶、鱼腥草、防风、夏枯草、秦艽、紫花地丁、决明子、当归、甘草、麻黄、柴胡、千里光、白薇、节节花、黄柏、密蒙花、金银花、胆星、田基黄、蝉蜕、玄参、忍冬藤、连翘放入煎药容器内，第一次加水8倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液。
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为4剂服用。
组方中玄参有滋阴，降火，除烦，解毒的功能为君药；菊花疏风，消热，明目，解毒；木贼有疏风散热，解肌，退翳的功能，二者为臣药，三味药共同发挥滋阴，降火，疏风，解毒，明目，退翳的作用，治疗结膜炎效力全面，且以滋阴，降火，疏风，解毒为主可治本，密蒙花有祛风，凉血，润肝，明目的功能为佐药，甘草有和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药的功能为使药，与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有养阴泻热，疏风清热，明目退翳的功能，用于治疗结膜炎，疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
具体实施方式：
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果，这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告：
取家兔30只，雌雄兼用，体重2.0—2.5kg，分两组，每组15只，其中一组为超剂量试验组，另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg，正常量为10ml/kg，给药方式为灌胃法给药，每天两次，连服7天，每天观察给药反应，结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常，药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治结膜炎门诊患者共35例。
2、诊断标准
患者结膜充血、水肿，有异物感、烧灼感、眼睑沉重、分泌物增多，当病变累及角膜时可出现畏光、流泪及不同程度的视力下降。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂，给患者服用，每次服用1剂，服药时，取四分之一夜明砂细粉混入汤剂中搅匀，每天早、晚各服1次，7天为一个疗程，连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效：结膜炎症状消失，体质恢复正常，痊愈；
好转：患者异物感与烧灼感现象减轻，结膜炎症状明显好转，体质逐步恢复；
无效：达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果（见下表）
在上述治疗中，用本发明药物治疗结膜炎患者35例，结果显效32例，显效率为91.43%，好转2例，好转率为5.71%，无效1例，总有效率为97.14%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗结膜炎的药物，其特征在于：它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成：
蒲公英8-12克，龙胆12-18克，黄芩12-18克，葵花15-25克，菊花15-25克，木贼10-15克，桑叶12-18克，鱼腥草8-12克，防风8-12克，夏枯草10-15克，秦艽8-12克，紫花地丁8-12克，决明子10-15克，夜明砂15-20克，当归8-12克，甘草12-18克，麻黄8-12克，柴胡12-18克，千里光10-15克，白薇8-12克，节节花15-25克，黄柏10-15克，密蒙花10-15克，金银花8-12克，胆星6-10克，田基黄8-12克，蝉蜕8-12克，玄参15-25克，忍冬藤8-12克，连翘8-12克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物，其中各原料药的用量为：
蒲公英10克，龙胆15克，黄芩15克，葵花20克，菊花20克，木贼15克，桑叶15克，鱼腥草10克，防风10克，夏枯草12克，秦艽10克，紫花地丁10克，决明子15克，夜明砂20克，当归10克，甘草15克，麻黄10克，柴胡12克，千里光20克，白薇10克，节节花20克，黄柏15克，密蒙花15克，金银花10克，胆星8克，田基黄10克，蝉蜕10克，玄参20克，忍冬藤10克，连翘10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法，它包括下列步骤：
（一）备料
（1）蒲公英：拣去杂质，洗净泥土，切段，晒干；
（2）龙胆：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净，润透后切段，晒干；
（3）黄芩：拣去杂质，除去残茎，用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出，切片，晒干；
（4）葵花：拣净杂质，晒干；
（5）菊花：拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质；
（6）木贼：洗净，稍润，剪去根部，切段，晾干；
（7）桑叶：拣去杂质，搓碎，簸去梗，筛去泥屑；
（8）鱼腥草：去净杂质，除去残根，洗净切段，晒干；
（9）防风：除去残茎，用水浸泡，捞出，润透切片，晒干；
（10）夏枯草：取原药材，除去枝梗、叶片及杂质，筛去灰屑；
（11）秦艽：拣去杂质，除去芦头，稍浸，润透切片，晒干；
（12）紫花地丁：取原药材，除去杂质，洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥；
（13）决明子：取净决明子，置锅内炒至微有香气，取出，放凉；
（14）夜明砂：拣净杂质，簸去泥砂，漂洗后晒干，研为细粉；
（15）当归：拣去杂质，洗净，闷润，稍晾，切片晒干；
（16）甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，凉干；
（17）麻黄：拣去杂质，去尽木质茎及残根，用水洗净，微润后切段，干燥即得；
（18）柴胡：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净泥沙，捞出，润透后及时切片，随即晒干；
（19）千里光：取原药材，除去杂质，洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥；
（20）白薇：拣净杂质，除去茎苗，洗净，稍浸，润透，切段，晒干；
（21）节节花：夏季采收，洗净，晒干；
（22）黄柏：拣去杂质，用水洗净，捞出，润透，切片或切丝，晒干；
（23）密蒙花：拣去杂质，筛净灰土；
（24）金银花：筛去泥沙，拣净杂质；
（25）胆星：拣去杂质，研成小块；
（26）田基黄：春、夏季开花时采收全草，晒干或鲜用；
（27）蝉蜕：拣去杂质，洗净晒干；
（28）玄参：拣净杂质，除去芦头，洗净润透，切片，晾干；
（29）忍冬藤：拣去杂质，用水浸泡，润透，切片，晒干；
（30）连翘：拣净杂质，搓开，除去枝梗；
（二）制备
（1）将所述重量的蒲公英、龙胆、黄芩、葵花、菊花、木贼、桑叶、鱼腥草、防风、夏枯草、秦艽、紫花地丁、决明子、当归、甘草、麻黄、柴胡、千里光、白薇、节节花、黄柏、密蒙花、金银花、胆星、田基黄、蝉蜕、玄参、忍冬藤、连翘放入煎药容器内，加水8倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
（2）将过滤的药渣加水6倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
（3）将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得，分为4剂服用。
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