CN104474323A - 一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由芦根、百合、山药、玄参、石斛、瓜蒌子、白芍、石菖蒲、枸杞子、麦门冬、黄芪、连翘、玉竹按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有润肺止咳,开宣肺气,散结消肿,清热解毒的功能,用于治疗慢性咽炎疗程短,见效快,无副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
技术背景
咽炎是咽部粘膜,粘膜下组织的炎症,常为上呼吸道感染的一部分。依据病程的长短和病理改变性质的不同,分为急性咽炎,慢性咽炎两大类。急性咽炎为咽部黏膜及黏膜下组织的急性炎症。咽淋巴组织常被累及。炎症早期可局限,随病情进展常可涉及整个咽腔,以秋冬及冬春之交较常见。慢性咽炎又称慢性单纯性咽炎,较多见。病变主要在黏膜层,表现为咽部黏膜慢性充血。黏膜及黏膜下结缔组织增生。黏液腺可肥大,分泌功能亢进,黏液分泌增多。多见成年人,病程长,易复发。目前,西药治疗慢性咽炎效果不佳,且长期服用西药有较多副作用,因此,人们对有效治疗慢性咽炎的中药存在很大的需求。
发明内容
本发明人经过反复的研究和试验验证,终于找到了有效治疗慢性咽炎的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种能够有效治疗慢性咽炎的组合药物。
本发明的另一个目的就是提供了该组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选用芦根、百合、山药、玄参、石斛、瓜蒌子、白芍、石菖蒲、枸杞子、麦门冬、黄芪、连翘、玉竹、桔梗、牛蒡子、牡丹皮、薄荷、补骨脂、蝉蜕、枇杷叶、前胡、知母、桑白皮、金银花、半夏、香附、川贝母药物进行组合的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够快速治疗慢性咽炎的复发。其中选用芦根是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺,胃经,有清热,生津,除烦,止呕的功能,治热病烦渴,胃热呕吐,噎膈,反胃,肺痿,肺痈,并解河豚鱼毒。选用百合是因为其性味甘微苦,平,入心、肺经,有润肺止咳,清心安神的功能,治肺痨久嗽,咳唾痰血,热病后余热未清,虚烦惊悸,神志恍惚,脚气浮肿。选用山药是因为其性味甘,平,入肺、脾、肾经,有健脾,补肺,固肾,益精的功能,治脾虚泄泻,久痢,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精、带下,小便频数。选用玄参是因为其性味苦咸,凉,入肺、肾经,有滋阴,降火,除烦,解毒的功能,治热病烦渴,发斑,骨蒸劳热,夜寐不宁,自汗盗汗,津伤便秘,吐血衄血,咽喉肿痛,痈肿,瘰疬。选用石斛是因为其性味甘淡微咸,寒,入有、肺、肾经,有生津益胃,清热养阴的功能,治热病伤津,口干烦喝,病后虚热,阴伤目暗。选用瓜蒌子是因为其性味甘,寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,有润肺化痰,滑肠通便的功能,治燥咳痰黏,肠燥便秘。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用石菖蒲是因为其性味辛苦,微温,入心、肝、脾经,有开窍,豁痰,理气,活血,散风,去湿的功能,治癫癎,痰厥,热病神昏,健忘,气闭耳聋,心胸烦闷,胃痛,腹痛,风寒湿痹,痈疽肿毒,跌打损伤。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗清。选用麦门冬是因为其性味甘微苦,寒,入肺、胃、心经,有养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津的功能,治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,清渴,热病津伤,咽干口燥,便秘。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用玉竹是因为其性味甘,平,入肺,胃经,有养阴,润燥,除烦,止渴的功能,治热病阳伤,咳嗽,烦渴,虚劳发热,消谷易饥,小便频数。选用桔梗是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肺、胃经,有开宣肺气,祛痰排脓的功能,治外感咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,肺痈吐脓,胸满胁痛,痢疾腹痛。选用牛蒡子是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入肺、胃经,有疏散风热,宣肺透疹,消肿解毒的功能,治风热咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,斑疹不透,风疹作痒,痈肿疮毒。选用牡丹皮是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肝、肾经,有清热,凉血,和血,消瘀的功能,治热入血分,发斑,惊癎,吐、衄、便血,骨蒸劳热,经闭,癥瘕,痈疡,扑损。选用薄荷是因为其性味辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒的功能,治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。选用补骨脂是因为其性味辛,温,入肾经,有补肾助阳的功能,治肾虚冷泻,遗尿,滑精,小便频数,阳痿,腰膝冷痛,虚寒喘嗽,外用治白癜风。选用蝉蜕是因为其性味甘咸,凉,入肺、肝经,有散风热,宣肺,定痉的功能,治外感风热,咳嗽音哑,麻疹透发不畅,风疹瘙痒,小儿惊癎,目赤,翳障,疔疮肿毒,破伤风。选用枇杷叶是因为其性味苦,凉,归肺、胃经,有清肺和胃,降气化痰,治肺热痰嗽,咳血,衄血,胃热呕哕。选用前胡是因为其性味辛、苦,微寒,归肺经,有散风清热,降气化痰的功能,治风热咳嗽,痰多,痰热喘满,咯痰黄稠。选用知母是因为其性味苦,寒,入肺、胃、肾经,有滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,治烦热消渴,骨蒸劳热,肺热咳嗽,大便燥结,小便不利。选用桑白皮是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、脾经,有泻肺平喘,行水消肿的功能,治肺热喘咳,吐血,水肿,脚气,小便不利。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用半夏是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结的功能,治湿痰冷饮,呕吐,反胃,咳喘痰多,胸膈胀满,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠,外消痈肿。选用香附是因为其性味辛微苦干,平,入肝、三焦经,有理气解郁,止痛调经的功能,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛,痰饮痞满,月经不调,崩漏带下。选用川贝母是因为其性味苦甘,凉,入肺经,有润肺散结,止嗽化痰的功能,治虚劳咳嗽,吐痰咯血,心胸郁结,肺痿,肺痈,瘿瘤,瘰疬,喉痹,乳痈。
本发明组合的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好疗效
芦 根 20-25克 百 合 20-25克 山 药 20-25克
玄 参 20-25克 石 斛 20-25克 瓜蒌子 15-20克
白 芍 15-20克 石菖蒲 15-20克 枸杞子 15-20克
麦门冬 15-20克 黄 芪 15-20克 连 翘 10-15克
玉 竹 10-15克 桔 梗 10-15克 牛蒡子 10-15克
牡丹皮 10-15克 薄 荷 10-15克 补骨脂 10-15克
蝉 蜕 5-10克 枇杷叶 5-10克 前 胡 5-10克
知 母 5-10克 桑白皮 5-10克 金银花 5-10克
半 夏 5-10克 香 附 5-10克 川贝母 3-5克
优选用量为
芦 根 23克 百 合 23克 山 药 23克
玄 参 23克 石 斛 23克 瓜蒌子 17克
白 芍 17克 石菖蒲 17克 枸杞子 17克
麦门冬 17克 黄 芪 17克 连 翘 13克
玉 竹 13克 桔 梗 13克 牛蒡子 13克
牡丹皮 13克 薄 荷 13克 补骨脂 13克
蝉 蜕 7克 枇杷叶 7克 前 胡 7克
知 母 7克 桑白皮 7克 金银花 7克
半 夏 7克 香 附 7克 川贝母 4克
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、芦根:拣去杂质,切段,晒干;
2、百合:拣去杂质,黑瓣,簸除灰屑;
3、山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为止,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
4、玄参:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净润透,切片,晾干;
5、石斛:取干燥的石斛,用水泡约至八成透,焖润,除去残根及黑枝,切段,撞去薄膜,晒干;
6、瓜蒌子:取原药材,除去干瘪种子、杂质,用时捣碎;
7、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
8、石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
9、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
10、麦门冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
11、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡;
12、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
13、玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
14、桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
15、牛蒡子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
16、牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
17、薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
18、补骨脂:簸净杂质,洗净,晒干;
19、蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
20、枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干;
21、前胡:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥或低温干燥,筛去碎屑;
22、知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
23、桑白皮:刷去灰屑,洗净,润透后切丝,晒干;
24、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
25、半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
26、香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
27、川贝母:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,闷润,剥去心,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的芦根、百合、山药、玄参、石斛、瓜蒌子、白芍、石菖蒲、枸杞子、麦门冬、黄芪、连翘、玉竹、桔梗、牛蒡子、牡丹皮、薄荷、补骨脂、蝉蜕、枇杷叶、前胡、知母、桑白皮、金银花、半夏、香附、川贝母药物,加水8倍量,浸泡200分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾10分钟,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮15分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液。
3、合并二次煎煮液,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮10分钟即得药液,分为4次服用。
本发明选用牛蒡子为君药,牡丹皮、枇杷叶为臣药,桔梗为佐药,桑白皮为使药,将上述药物与方中诸药组合,制成治疗慢性咽炎的药物。
本发明药物具有润肺止咳,开宣肺气,散结消肿,清热解毒的功能,用于治疗慢性咽炎疗程短,见效快,无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括了本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0-2.3kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天2次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物治疗慢性咽炎的观察资料
1、一般资料
收治慢性咽炎患者共32例。
2、诊断标准
慢性咽炎:
(1)咽部不适、疼痛、痒或干燥感,时有灼热感、烟熏感、异物感等;刺激性咳嗽,晨起用力咳出分泌物,甚至恶心。
(2)咽黏膜增厚,暗红色,有小血管扩张,咽后壁有颗粒状淋巴滤泡增生散在突起,甚至融合成片。咽侧索增厚,两侧呈条索状向咽腔突起。咽后壁可有黏稠或黏脓性分泌物。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每天2次,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,10天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:慢性咽炎症状消失,观察半年无反弹者;
好转:慢性咽炎症状明显改善,体质逐步增强;
无效:慢性咽炎症状无改变,达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述的治疗中,用本发明药物治疗慢性咽炎患者32例,结果显效26例,显效率为81.25%,好转5例,好转率为15.62%,无效1例,总有效率为96.87%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物,其特征求在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
芦 根 20-25克 百 合 20-25克 山 药 20-25克
玄 参 20-25克 石 斛 20-25克 瓜蒌子 15-20克
白 芍 15-20克 石菖蒲 15-20克 枸杞子 15-20克
麦门冬 15-20克 黄 芪 15-20克 连 翘 10-15克
玉 竹 10-15克 桔 梗 10-15克 牛蒡子 10-15克
牡丹皮 10-15克 薄 荷 10-15克 补骨脂 10-15克
蝉 蜕 5-10克 枇杷叶 5-10克 前 胡 5-10克
知 母 5-10克 桑白皮 5-10克 金银花 5-10克
半 夏 5-10克 香 附 5-10克 川贝母 3-5克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
芦 根 23克 百 合 23克 山 药 23克
玄 参 23克 石 斛 23克 瓜蒌子 17克
白 芍 17克 石菖蒲 17克 枸杞子 17克
麦门冬 17克 黄 芪 17克 连 翘 13克
玉 竹 13克 桔 梗 13克 牛蒡子 13克
牡丹皮 13克 薄 荷 13克 补骨脂 13克
蝉 蜕 7克 枇杷叶 7克 前 胡 7克
知 母 7克 桑白皮 7克 金银花 7克
半 夏 7克 香 附 7克 川贝母 4克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)芦根:拣去杂质,切段,晒干;
(2)百合:拣去杂质,黑瓣,簸除灰屑;
(3)山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为止,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
(4)玄参:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净润透,切片,晾干;
(5)石斛:取干燥的石斛,用水泡约至八成透,焖润,除去残根及黑枝,切段,撞去薄膜,晒干;
(6)瓜蒌子:取原药材,除去干瘪种子、杂质,用时捣碎;
(7)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(8)石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
(9)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(10)麦门冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
(11)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡;
(12)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(13)玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(14)桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(15)牛蒡子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
(16)牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
(17)薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
(18)补骨脂:簸净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(19)蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
(20)枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干;
(21)前胡:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥或低温干燥,筛去碎屑;
(22)知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
(23)桑白皮:刷去灰屑,洗净,润透后切丝,晒干;
(24)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(25)半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
(26)香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
(27)川贝母:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,闷润,剥去心,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的芦根、百合、山药、玄参、石斛、瓜蒌子、白芍、石菖蒲、枸杞子、麦门冬、黄芪、连翘、玉竹、桔梗、牛蒡子、牡丹皮、薄荷、补骨脂、蝉蜕、枇杷叶、前胡、知母、桑白皮、金银花、半夏、香附、川贝母药物,加水8倍量,浸泡200分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾10分钟,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮15分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)合并二次煎煮液,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮10分钟即得药液。
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