CN105432295A - Gentiana macrophylla planting method for preventing successive cropping obstacles - Google Patents
Gentiana macrophylla planting method for preventing successive cropping obstacles Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432295A CN105432295A CN201510872447.2A CN201510872447A CN105432295A CN 105432295 A CN105432295 A CN 105432295A CN 201510872447 A CN201510872447 A CN 201510872447A CN 105432295 A CN105432295 A CN 105432295A
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- continuous cropping
- bark
- ash
- gentiana macrophylla
- implantation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gentiana macrophylla planting method for preventing successive cropping obstacles. The method includes the steps of land selection, soil preparation, planting, field management and harvesting, wherein low-temperature treatment is conducted on seeds before sowing, the seeds are soaked in concentrated sulfuric acid and 10-15 ppm gibberellin diluent, and the germination rate and survival rate of the seeds can be greatly increased. A continuous cropping agent is additionally applied during field management, organic matter, microorganisms and nutritional ingredients of soil are increased, release of allelochemicals of the root of gentiana macrophylla is reduced, the normal soil microenvironment can be kept, withering and lesions generated in the growth process of gentiana macrophylla can be avoided, the successive cropping obstacles can be prevented, the disease resisting performance of gentiana macrophylla is improved, use of pesticide is reduced, the stability and environment friendliness of the pesticide effect of gentiana macrophylla are kept, the quality of gentiana macrophylla is improved, and the yield of gentiana macrophylla is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine plantation, be specifically related to the bark of ash implantation methods preventing continuous cropping obstacle.
Background technology
Bark of ash is one of important parts of generic medicinal plants of China, and be high mountain medicinal plant, be distributed in height above sea level 2400 ~ 3500 meters, bark of ash is conventional Chinese medicine, and property is put down, and taste is pungent, bitter, has the function of wines used as antirheumatic, clearing away damp-heat, stopping numbness pain.Bark of ash is herbaceos perennial, rely on wild resource supply market at present completely, wild resource Distribution Area height above sea level, very cold, ecotope is very fragile, due to market price continuous rise in short supply, crushing collection causes wild resource exhausted, cause market supply more nervous, this vicious circle grows in intensity, and makes bark of ash endangered.China is classified as bark of ash, gentiana crassicaulis Duthie, radix gentiane dahuvicae as national three-level protective Wild Medicinal.
In order to solve the supply problem of bark of ash, intensive and large-scale planting expands gradually, but bark of ash is different from the crops of growth cycle, be perennial with plant, cycle is long, what this was has many plant whole of same plot and Cultivation time increases again, it is constantly to Environment release allelochemical, Soil Micro-environment is changed, affect metabolic, and easily cause Soil Microorganism group to change, harmful pathogen increases, beneficial bacterium reduces, damage by disease and insect is caused frequently to occur, exacerbate the generation with plant continuous cropping obstacle, that medical material quanlity and output all significantly decline.In order to solve bark of ash continuous cropping obstacle, carrying out reasonably interplanting is more effective embodiment.Publication number is the introduction and cultivation method that the Chinese invention patent of CN1593078A discloses a kind of bark of ash plant, Aralia mandshurica, wilsonii and bark of ash is interplanted in the method, effectively can prevent the continuous cropping obstacle of bark of ash; Li Yong equality have studied the impact that different interplanting crops grows gentiana straminea, wherein draws to carry out interplanting the synthesis that can increase gentiana straminea active principle with wheat.But because the growth of bark of ash is at High aititude height cold district, therefore the growth of all the other species is limited.Therefore, a kind of high yield, high-quality and the implantation methods of prevention bark of ash continuous cropping obstacle, have practical significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve deficiency described above and defect, the present invention proposes a kind of high yield, high-quality, high germination rate and survival rate, and the implantation methods of prevention bark of ash continuous cropping obstacle.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Prevent a bark of ash implantation methods for continuous cropping obstacle, its step comprises selection of land, wholely, and plantation, field management and gathering; It is that the forest land of 2500-2700 rice is as growing area that described selection of land elects height above sea level as; Described plantation is planted for adopting seed sowing mode;
Described live before, it is that the refrigerator of 0-5 DEG C carries out low temperature treatment 8-10 hour that seed is placed in temperature, takes out and rises again to 20-25 DEG C, and adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak after 2-3 minute, rinse 2-3 time with clear water, removing remained on surface is sour; The gibberellin dilution again seed being placed in 10-15ppm soaks 2-4 hour.
In described field management, enrich continuous cropping agent, described continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 40-80 part, ascorbic acid 5-50 part, urea 50-80 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-60 part, superphosphate 10-30 part, EM fungi 10-40 part, micro-10-40 part.
Further, described continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 50-60 part, ascorbic acid 10-30 part, urea 60-70 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-30 part, superphosphate 20-30 part, EM fungi 30-40 part, micro-20-30 part.
Further, described trace element comprises the element of following ratio: magnesium: zinc: manganese=1-3:2-5:1-3;
Further, the usage amount of described continuous cropping agent is annual 1-2 time, each 60-100kg/ mu.
Further, in described whole ground, adopt the wheat stalk or oat straw become thoroughly decomposed completely or rice straw, be mixed into farmyard manure with the poultry barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed according to the ratio of 1-2:1-2, and before planting 1-3 month evenly deep placement in soil.
Further, the sowing amount of described farmyard manure is 3000-5000kg/ mu.
Further, in described plantation, seed adopts bunch planting, in spring or planted in fall season, arranging cave spacing is 25-30 centimetre, applies in cave after seed and sandy soil being mixed thoroughly by the ratio of 2:1, cover with fine earth, then on upper berth, cave, mulch film or pine needle carry out heat and moisture preserving; Look into seedling during height of seedling 6-10 centimetre, fill the gaps with seedlings, every cave can retain seedling 3-7 strain.
The expansion of the intensive and large-scale planting of bark of ash plant; make same plot long-term planting; kind is single causes the ecosystem to worsen with high-density planting; in the face of from the keen competition in population; bark of ash produces and discharges allelochemical in process of growth, suppresses the growth of kindred plant, causes bark of ash withering in a large number in process of growth; damage by disease and insect is deepened, and affects Soil Micro-environment.
The present invention prevents in the bark of ash implantation methods of continuous cropping obstacle, and its beneficial effect is:
1, continuous cropping agent adopts active carbon and ascorbic acid and fungi, active carbon can adsorb the allelochemical that bark of ash discharges in process of growth, and ascorbic acid can promote the activity of bark of ash plant corpus endoenzyme, ensure the integrality of cell membrane, reduce the release of bark of ash root allelochemical, Soil Micro-environment can be kept normal, the withered and pathology that prevention bark of ash occurs in process of growth, prevention continuous cropping obstacle.
2, EM fungi is included in continuous cropping agent, containing a large amount of edaphons in EM fungi, improve the content of edaphon, the residual body of bark of ash plant can be decomposed, increase organic matter and the nutrient component of soil, the material discharged after decomposition can effectively in and allelochemical, avoid the continuous cropping obstacle of bark of ash.Content of microorganisms remains on stationary value simultaneously, is conducive to the growth of bark of ash in stable soil environment.
3, the trace element in continuous cropping agent, can promote the growth of bark of ash, improves its disease-resistant performance, reduces the use of insecticidal materials, maintains stability and the green environmental protection of bark of ash drug effect.
4, the inorganic fertilizer N P and K adopted in continuous cropping agent, scientific compatibility is carried out according to uptake characters in bark of ash process of growth, make the limited proportion of N P and K in certain limit, the normal of bark of ash plant height can be ensured, the normal development that root is long and root is heavy of bark of ash root can be ensured again, and the growth of bark of ash can be promoted, improve seed output and quality.
5, in whole ground, adopt the wheat stalk or oat straw or rice straw that become thoroughly decomposed completely, proportionally farmyard manure is mixed into the poultry barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, in deep placement soil, the organic matter of soil can be increased, humus and microorganism, the material that stalk discharges effectively can suppress the growth of weeds, and nutrient is used for bark of ash growth, promote the growth of bark of ash root, improve quality and yield.
6, in plantation, first adopt low temperature treatment seed, improve the conformability of seed, the employing concentrated sulfuric acid and gibberellin carry out the process to seed simultaneously, improve germination rate and the survival rate of seed.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Prevent a bark of ash implantation methods for continuous cropping obstacle, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land, elect as height above sea level be the forest land of 2500-2700 rice as growing area, the light transmittance between the trees of forest land is 30%-50%;
(2) wholely, the weeds of growing area and stone riprap are arranged, after making Land leveling, dig and soil rake is broken into fine earth, within 1-3 month, dig the zanjon of 20-30 centimetre before planting, by the wheat stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed completely or oat straw or rice straw, be mixed into farmyard manure with the poultry barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed according to the ratio of 1:1, and evenly deep placement, in zanjon, covers fine earth; The sowing amount of executing of farmyard manure is 5000kg/ mu;
(3) plant, plant season in spring or planted in fall, plantation is for adopting seed sowing bunch planting way, before direct-seeding planting, seed is placed in temperature is that the refrigerator of 0-5 DEG C carries out low temperature treatment 8-10 hour, taking-up is risen again to 20-25 DEG C, adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak after 2-3 minute, rinse 2-3 time with clear water, the acid of removing remained on surface; The gibberellin dilution again seed being placed in 10ppm soaks 2 hours; Arranging cave spacing is 25-30 centimetre, applies in cave after seed and sandy soil being mixed thoroughly by the ratio of 2:1, cover, then on upper berth, cave, mulch film or pine needle carries out heat and moisture preserving with fine earth; Look into seedling during height of seedling 6-10 centimetre, fill the gaps with seedlings, every cave can retain seedling 3-7 strain;
(4) field management, in whole growth, artificial weeding, simultaneously, carry out beating a kind of sedge when bark of ash stem stalk grows to 10cm ~ 15cm height, and enrich continuous cropping agent from the end of vegetative period first, the usage amount of continuous cropping agent is annual 1-2 time, each 60-100kg/ mu, wherein continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 80 parts, 20 parts, ascorbic acid, 60 parts, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 parts, potassium sulfate 30 parts, superphosphate 20 parts, EM fungi 20 parts, trace element 15 parts, trace element comprises the element of following ratio: magnesium: zinc: manganese=3:3:2.
(5) start to excavate after bark of ash growth 3-5, earth is cleaned, and removes reed head, naturally dries.
Embodiment 2
(1) selection of land, elect as height above sea level be the forest land of 2500-2700 rice as growing area, the light transmittance between the trees of forest land is 30%-50%;
(2) wholely, the weeds of growing area and stone riprap are arranged, after making Land leveling, dig and soil rake is broken into fine earth, within 1-3 month, dig the zanjon of 20-30 centimetre before planting, by the wheat stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed completely or oat straw or rice straw, be mixed into farmyard manure with the poultry barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed according to the ratio of 2:1, and evenly deep placement, in zanjon, covers fine earth; The sowing amount of executing of farmyard manure is 4000kg/ mu;
(3) plant, plant season in spring or planted in fall, plantation is for adopting seed sowing bunch planting way, before direct-seeding planting, seed is placed in temperature is that the refrigerator of 0-5 DEG C carries out low temperature treatment 8-10 hour, taking-up is risen again to 20-25 DEG C, adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak after 2-3 minute, rinse 2-3 time with clear water, the acid of removing remained on surface; The gibberellin dilution again seed being placed in 15ppm soaks 2 hours; Arranging cave spacing is 30 centimetres, applies in cave after seed and sandy soil being mixed thoroughly by the ratio of 2:1, cover, then on upper berth, cave, mulch film or pine needle carries out heat and moisture preserving with fine earth; Look into seedling during height of seedling 6-10 centimetre, fill the gaps with seedlings, every cave can retain seedling 3-7 strain;
(4) field management, in whole growth, artificial weeding, simultaneously, carry out beating a kind of sedge when bark of ash stem stalk grows to 10cm ~ 15cm height, and enrich continuous cropping agent from the end of vegetative period first, the usage amount of continuous cropping agent is annual 1-2 time, each 60-100kg/ mu, wherein continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 60 parts, 15 parts, ascorbic acid, 70 parts, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 parts, potassium sulfate 20 parts, superphosphate 20 parts, EM fungi 40 parts, trace element 25 parts, trace element comprises the element of following ratio: magnesium: zinc: manganese=2:3:2.
(5) start to excavate after bark of ash growth 3-5, earth is cleaned, and removes reed head, naturally dries.
Be more than present pre-ferred embodiments, be only applicable to the principle helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to this embodiment, embodiment and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. prevent a bark of ash implantation methods for continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterized in that: its step comprises selection of land, wholely, plantation, field management and gathering; It is that the forest land of 2500-2700 rice is as growing area that described selection of land elects height above sea level as; Described plantation is planted for adopting seed sowing mode;
Described live before, it is that the refrigerator of 0-5 DEG C carries out low temperature treatment 8-10 hour that seed is placed in temperature, takes out and rises again to 20-25 DEG C, and adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak after 2-3 minute, rinse 2-3 time with clear water, removing remained on surface is sour; The gibberellin dilution again seed being placed in 10-15ppm soaks 2-4 hour;
In described field management, enrich continuous cropping agent, described continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 40-80 part, ascorbic acid 5-50 part, urea 50-80 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-60 part, superphosphate 10-30 part, EM fungi 10-40 part, micro-10-40 part.
2. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described continuous cropping agent comprises the weight portion of following component:
Active carbon 50-60 part, ascorbic acid 10-30 part, urea 60-70 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-30 part, potassium sulfate 20-30 part, superphosphate 20-30 part, EM fungi 30-40 part, micro-20-30 part.
3. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described trace element comprises the element of following ratio: magnesium: zinc: manganese=1-3:2-5:1-3.
4. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the usage amount of described continuous cropping agent is annual 1-2 time, each 60-100kg/ mu.
5. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described whole ground, adopt the wheat stalk or oat straw become thoroughly decomposed completely or rice straw, be mixed into farmyard manure with the poultry barnyard manure become thoroughly decomposed according to the ratio of 1-2:1-2, and before planting 1-3 month evenly deep placement in soil.
6. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the sowing amount of described farmyard manure is 3000-5000kg/ mu.
7. the bark of ash implantation methods of prevention continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described plantation, seed adopts bunch planting, in spring or planted in fall season, arranging cave spacing is 25-30 centimetre, apply in cave after seed and sandy soil are mixed thoroughly by the ratio of 2:1, cover with fine earth, then on upper berth, cave, mulch film or pine needle carry out heat and moisture preserving; Look into seedling during height of seedling 6-10 centimetre, fill the gaps with seedlings, every cave can retain seedling 3-7 strain.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106105487A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-11-16 | 刘政武 | A kind of method promoting Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae seed germination |
| CN106332634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 刘政武 | Large-leaved gentian low-altitude autumn-sowing seedling-strengthening breeding method |
| CN106472065A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | 黄红光 | A kind of implantation methods overcoming Fructus Capsici continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN106577657A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-04-26 | 云南农业大学 | Method for relieving panax pseudoginseng autotoxin damage by exogenously adding ascorbic acid |
| CN106613153A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁夏西北药材科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting gentian macrophylla on forest land in imitating wild condition |
| CN107182482A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of cultural method for overcoming corydalis tuber continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN108739896A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-06 | 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 | Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil |
| CN109089810A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-28 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of continuous cropping implantation methods of not underproduction spring cowpea |
| CN109937816A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-28 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method overcoming open country asparagus continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114451227A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-10 | 西南民族大学 | Method for planting gentiana crassipes |
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| CN106105487A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-11-16 | 刘政武 | A kind of method promoting Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae seed germination |
| CN106332634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 刘政武 | Large-leaved gentian low-altitude autumn-sowing seedling-strengthening breeding method |
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| CN106613153A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁夏西北药材科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting gentian macrophylla on forest land in imitating wild condition |
| CN106577657A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-04-26 | 云南农业大学 | Method for relieving panax pseudoginseng autotoxin damage by exogenously adding ascorbic acid |
| CN107182482A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of cultural method for overcoming corydalis tuber continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN108739896A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-06 | 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 | Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil |
| CN109089810A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-28 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of continuous cropping implantation methods of not underproduction spring cowpea |
| CN109937816A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-28 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method overcoming open country asparagus continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114451227A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-10 | 西南民族大学 | Method for planting gentiana crassipes |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |
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