CN108739896A - Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil - Google Patents
Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739896A CN108739896A CN201810653790.1A CN201810653790A CN108739896A CN 108739896 A CN108739896 A CN 108739896A CN 201810653790 A CN201810653790 A CN 201810653790A CN 108739896 A CN108739896 A CN 108739896A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of organic formulations of weed germination in inhibition agricultural land soil and its preparation method and application methods, and the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil is inhibited to include Organic Ingredients and promote to decompose dispensing；Wherein, the Organic Ingredients is SOLID ORGANIC material or fluid organic material material, and when Organic Ingredients is SOLID ORGANIC material, the Organic Ingredients includes at least one of agricultural crop straw and sawdust；When Organic Ingredients is fluid organic material material, the Organic Ingredients includes at least one of molasses and alcohol fermentation liquid；It includes at least one of special microorganism and organic catalysis object that the rush, which decomposes dispensing,.The organic formulations of weed germination can be decomposed in the soil by the functional microorganism in soil in the inhibition agricultural land soil of the present invention, generate organic acid, such as acetic acid, butyric acid, and then kill grass seed by organic acid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic formulations of weed germination in inhibition agricultural land soil and its preparation method and application methods.
Background technology
The prevention of farmland weed is an important issue in agricultural production, weeds and crop competition light, heat, water, fertilizer etc.
Resource, if not being subject to rationally to control healthy growth and the crop yield that can seriously affect crop.Having many researchs has shown that, with
The competition of weeds can cause crop failure.For example, in the tomato Tanaka of live streaming, when respectively to the Man Tuo in the ranks introducing 11 plants/m2
Sieve, morning glory, Siberian cocklebur and lady's-grass finally cause the tomato underproduction 71%, 68%, 48% and 48% respectively.The growth of weeds is same
It can lead to a wide range of underproduction of lettuce.In the lettuce ground in California, weeds can cause the lettuce underproduction 50%.It is connect when harvesting
The quality of crop can equally be reduced by being present in the cereal of harvest or the weed seed in cotton after tactile weeds.
The factor that weeds cause crop yield decline, quality to reduce is very diversified：The competition of crop and weeds, weeds go out
The density etc. of existing time and duration, crop and weeds has an impact the healthy growth of crop.When Sorghum halepense in Cotton Fields
It is pulled out after occurring 9 weeks with no awns barnyard grass, keeps, without weeds state, still cotton being caused to be distinguished in the remaining Growing season of cotton
The underproduction 60% and 69%.Also research reports weeds open country mustard or rye grass when away from 2,4 or 8cm of beet to the shadow of Sugarbeet Yield
It rings, when crop and weeds spacing incremental to 8cm from 2cm, Sugarbeet Yield is also incremented by with 20% ratio.It can be seen that when going out
It needs to be managed weeds in field situation when existing following situations：The weeds that crop yield is had a direct impact；It is difficult to root out
Weeds；The weeds grown before plant growth or with plant growth；The excessive weeds of quantity.
Common method of weed control include using turned over before preemergence herbicide, seedling, machinery cultivation, using young plant weeding agent
It cuts weeds and is combined with Manual shovel.The use of herbicide is very efficient method in terms of BIOLOGICAL CONTROL and economic input, but
The gain and loss in terms of Environmental costs is not accounted for.More and more herbicides are put into effect using rule, the worry of consumer and organic
The development of agricultural all limits the long-time service of herbicide.On the other hand, there is also drawbacks for weeding by machine：
1) it needs to expend more times and higher cost when for other agrotypes；
2) weather and edaphic condition largely influence time and the efficiency of weeding；
3) it is difficult to remove the weeds in row；
4) those skilled in the art are needed to manipulate various weeding apparatus；5) buying price of equipment and maintenance price all ten
Divide costliness.
For the worry to environmental problem and the pressure from economy and government, in recent years, the trend of agricultural development is
Reduce the extraneous input during crop-planting, the especially input of chemicals, such as chemical fertilizer and pesticide.In this novel agriculture
In industry system, one of the problem of management of weeds in field becomes peasant's main concerns.Therefore, there is an urgent need to seek it is a kind of efficiently and
The technology of the inhibition weed germination of environmental protection.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide miscellaneous in a kind of inhibition agricultural land soil
The organic formulations that grass is sprouted, it can be decomposed in the soil by the functional microorganism in soil, organic acid be generated, such as acetic acid, butyric acid
Deng, and then grass seed is killed by organic acid.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：Weed germination in a kind of inhibition agricultural land soil
Organic formulations, it includes Organic Ingredients and promotees to decompose dispensing；Wherein,
The Organic Ingredients is SOLID ORGANIC material or fluid organic material material, when Organic Ingredients is SOLID ORGANIC material,
The Organic Ingredients includes at least one of agricultural crop straw and sawdust；It is described when Organic Ingredients is fluid organic material material
Organic Ingredients includes at least one of molasses and alcohol fermentation liquid；
It includes at least one of special microorganism and organic catalysis object that the rush, which decomposes dispensing,.
Further, when Organic Ingredients is SOLID ORGANIC material, the fineness of the solid organic matters is 0.1~2mm, with matter
Measure percentage meter, SOLID ORGANIC material：Moisture<20%, total organic carbon>35%, total organic nitrogen>0.5%；When Organic Ingredients is liquid
It when body organic materials, is calculated in mass percent, fluid organic material material：Moisture<50%, total organic carbon>30%.
Further, when promoting to decompose in dispensing comprising professional microorganism, the special microorganism include functional saccharomycete,
At least one of bacillus, clostridium butyricum and aspergillus；When it includes organic catalytic materials that the rush, which is decomposed in dispensing,
The organic catalysis object includes at least one of cellulase, chitinase and lignoenzyme.
Further, the Organic Ingredients and the mass ratio for promoting to decompose dispensing are (95~100)：(0~5).
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of the organic formulations of weed germination in inhibition agricultural land soil, by organic original
Material and rush are decomposed dispensing and are uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 100~200r/min, then dry under the conditions of temperature is 70~100 DEG C
Dry 10~60min, finally 10~60min of natural cooling at room temperature, obtains organic formulations.
The application process that the present invention also provides a kind of as inhibited the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil, using side
Include in method：
(1) organic formulations are uniformly laid with or are sprayed at pending soil surface according to 500~1500kg/ mus of amount；
(2) organic formulations are uniformly mixed with the topsoil of 0~30cm；
(3) irrigation soils are to maxmun field capacity；
(4) in soil surface plastic covering film, and by the surrounding of plastic film compacting, sealing, pending soil；
(5) soil is handled under conditions of the soil moisture is 25~45 DEG C, plastic film is thrown off after 15~30 days.
Further, in step (4), the thickness of plastic film>0.04mm.
Further, in step (3), 30~60m is irrigated per acre3Water.
After using above-mentioned technical proposal, application process according to the invention handles soil, and it is strong can to create soil
Reducing environment, in such circumstances, functional microorganism mass propagation in soil decompose applied organic formulations and generate organic acid,
Such as acetic acid, butyric acid, it is the main reason for killing weed seed that organic formulations, which decompose generated organic acid,；Secondly, soil is strong
The metal ion generated under reducing environment and this environment, such as Fe2+ and Mn2+ can have certain killing to weed seed
Effect, it is total although different weed seeds are not quite similar to the generation of soil harmful substance, the responsiveness of soil environmental background value
Body trend is consistent, i.e., after application process using the present invention handles soil, weed germination rate significantly reduces；With existing skill
Art is compared, and ecological, environmental protective of the present invention, processing time is short, effect is good, adapts to be formed after vegetable crop plantation under various soil environments
Weedy soil；The density that weeds in soil can be significantly reduced after processed by the invention, reduces the diversity of weeds
And the uniformity, to improving crop yield and economic benefit significant effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the weed density of the soil in five groups of experiments in embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the weeds type significantly inhibited after the application process processing in the present invention in embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is untreated control and application process using the present invention treated weeds in field biology in embodiment two
Amount；
Fig. 4 is untreated control and processing method using the present invention treated celery yield in embodiment two；Wherein,
Have in figure same letter represent same weeds different disposal between weeds quantity variance it is not notable.
Specific implementation mode
In order that the present invention can be more clearly and readily understood, right below according to specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail.
1, the preparation of organic formulations
Alfalfa, total organic carbon：399.1g/kg, total organic nitrogen：13.45g/kg carbon-nitrogen ratio：29.67.
Rice straw, total organic carbon：437.1g/kg, total organic nitrogen：9.66g/kg carbon-nitrogen ratio：45.25.
SOLID ORGANIC material after alfalfa and rice straw are crushed as organic formulations.By bacillus, aspergillus
By 50:50 mass ratio mixing decomposes dispensing as rush, wherein bacillus is bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
By percentage to the quality, above-mentioned rush decomposes dispensing 1%, and surplus is SOLID ORGANIC material；By above-mentioned solid organic matters
Material and promote to decompose dispensing mixing, rotating speed is 150 revs/min, 80 DEG C of dry 40min, then natural cooling 60min at room temperature, acquisition
Organic formulations.
2, embodiment
Embodiment 1
Weed germination inhibition experiment is carried out in weeds soil occurred frequently using the organic formulations obtained in 1.
1) for trying soil overview
For try lie fallow vegetable fields of the soil collection from Nanjing Qixia District dragon's pool, the plot continuous cropping broccoli, because
Serious continuous cropping obstacle and fall into disuse.Canopy has been removed when sampling, it is weedy.Soil sample acquires back laboratory, natural air drying, mixing
It is for use that 2mm sieves are crossed after uniformly.The soil basis physicochemical property is pH 6.23, total organic carbon 51.2g/kg, total organic nitrogen 2.39g/
kg。
2) experimental design
Experiment is arranged five groups altogether：
First group：Blank control (CK)；
Second group：100% maxmun field capacity compares (A-CK)；
Third group：+ 100% maxmun field capacity of 10g/kg organic formulations+overlay film (S-1), i.e., in every kilogram of soil
10g organic formulations are added, then irrigation soils to maxmun field capacity, finally in soil surface plastic covering film, and will
Surrounding compacting, the sealing of plastic film；
4th group：+ 100% maxmun field capacity of 20g/kg organic formulations+overlay film (S-2), i.e., in every kilogram of soil
20g organic formulations are added, then irrigation soils to maxmun field capacity, finally in soil surface plastic covering film, and will
Surrounding compacting, the sealing of plastic film；
5th group：It applies fertilizer (SF-2), that is, exists after+100% maxmun field capacity of 20g/kg organic formulations+overlay film+processing
20g organic formulations are added in every kilogram of soil, then irrigation soils to maxmun field capacity, finally cover and mould in soil surface
Expect film, and by the compacting of the surrounding of plastic film, sealing, after throwing off plastic film, applies fertilizer to soil.
Three repetitions are arranged in every group of experiment, and random alignment is placed in incubator, are thrown off after being cultivated 15 days under the conditions of 35 DEG C
Plastic film.Soil is then gone into progress seed sprouting in greenhouse, indoor temperature is controlled at 18 DEG C~28 DEG C, right every 3 weeks
The seedling of sprouting is pulled out after carrying out identification counting.During germination, daily regular watering keeps ground moistening in favor of kind
Son is sprouted, and record is terminated when without new seedling sprouting.
3) test result
As seen from Figure 1, the weed density of five groups of experiments has very big difference.Weed density highest in CK, reaches 8155
/ m2, pole is significantly higher than other processing.Compared with A-CK, treated for application process (S-1 and S-2) using the present invention
Weed density in soil significantly reduces, and is further decreased with the increase of organic formulations amount of application, but not significantly.And it is right
Treated that soil applied fertilizer (SF-2) can lead to the rising of weed density for application process using the present invention, increases compared with S-2
19%, and with A-CK without significant difference.The result shows that being handled through waterflooding coating processing soil and application process using the present invention
Soil can significantly reduce the germination rate of weeds in soil, and the application process of the present invention is compared with waterflooding overlay film, inhibition
More preferably.
As shown in Fig. 2, in application process using the present invention treated soil, no awns barnyard grass, eleusine indica, Carolina Cranesbill Herb,
Concave head amaranth, V.persica Poir and small lamb's-quarters quantity significantly reduce.It is compared compared with CK, eleusine indica, Carolina Cranesbill Herb, V.persica Poir in A-CK
It has been significantly inhibited with quantity in small lamb's-quarters, with the addition of organic formulations, no awns barnyard grass and concave head amaranth are further suppressed,
And to application process using the present invention, treated that soil is applied fertilizer (SF-2), and weeds quantity is risen, but still significantly
Less than CK.
As shown in table 1, A-CK and the application process (S-1 and S-2) of the present invention significantly reduce the various of weed community
Property and the uniformity, and the diversity and evenness index of the weed community in application process using the present invention treated soil
Less than A-CK, but difference is not notable.The result shows that being handled soil using the application process of the present invention, can significantly drop
The diversity and evenness index of low weed community, dramatically increases diversity index.
Table 1：The alpha diversity index of the soil weed community of five groups of experiments
Note：Have same letter represent same weeds different disposal between weeds quantity variance it is not notable.
Embodiment 2
Weed germination inhibition experiment is carried out in weeds field occurred frequently using the organic formulations obtained in 1.
1) field trial ground overview
Experiment is located at the green agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds of Changzhou spring Jiang Zhensheng, belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, long-term weather temperature
With abundant rainfall.The cropping pattern for testing greenhouse is cucumber-celery crop rotation, and due to the long-term high-density planting vegetables of greenhouse, soil passes
Disease and crop smothering are more serious.The soil basis physicochemical property is pH 5.11, total organic carbon 16.7g/kg, total organic nitrogen
3.03g/kg。
2) experimental design
Two processing are arranged in field trial altogether：
1) it compares；
2) application process using the present invention handles soil.
Each processing includes 1 greenhouse, and area is 1 mu, and 3 ridge culture in each canopy are that three biology repeat.Specifically
Operation is as follows, in the method for the present invention processing, applies 1t organic formulations, with rotary cultivator rotary tillage to being mixed well with soil, sprays
To maxmun field capacity and plastic covering film.Film plantation celery is taken off in processing after 16 days, sprouted to field in planting process
Weeds are without any processing, the weeds in harvest statistics control in first 7 days and the method for the present invention processing field, and are counted when harvest
Celery yield.
3) test result
As shown in figure 3, compared with the control, the biomass of the weeds in application process using the present invention treated field,
No matter fresh weight or dry weight significantly reduce, and after application process processing using the present invention, the biomass of fresh weeds is
26.34g/m2, it is reduced to less than the 1/3 of control；After application process processing using the present invention, the biomass for drying weeds is down to not
To the 1/5 of control.
As shown in table 2, the weeds quantity sprouted in application process using the present invention treated soil substantially reduces.It adopts
After the application process processing of the present invention, purslane, cyperus iria, eleusine indica, chaff millet, small lamb's-quarters, moleplant seed and concave head amaranth quantity
It compares compared with control and substantially reduces.
In addition, as shown in figure 4, the method for the present invention processing celery yield be 22.6t/ hectares, improve compared with the control
9.1t/ hectares, it is significantly higher than control group.
Table 2：The type and density of control and the weeds in application process using the present invention treated soil
Note：Have same letter represent same weeds different disposal between weeds quantity variance it is not notable.
Application process according to the invention handles soil, can create the strong reducing environment of soil, in such circumstances, soil
Functional microorganism mass propagation in earth decomposes applied organic formulations and generates organic acid, such as acetic acid, butyric acid, organic formulations
Organic acid caused by decomposing is the main reason for killing weed seed；Secondly, it is generated under the strong reducing environment of soil and this environment
Metal ion, such as Fe2+ and Mn2+ can have certain killing effect to weed seed, although different weed seed
It is not quite similar to the generation of soil harmful substance, the responsiveness of soil environmental background value, but general trend is consistent, that is, uses this hair
After bright application process handles soil, weed germination rate significantly reduces；Compared with prior art, the ecological ring of the present invention
It protects, processing time is short, effect is good, adapts to the weedy soil formed after vegetable crop plantation under various soil environments；Through
The density that weeds in soil can be significantly reduced after present invention processing, reduces the diversity and evenness of weeds, to improving crop
Yield and economic benefit significant effect.
Particular embodiments described above, pair present invention solves the technical problem that, technical solution and advantageous effect carry out
It is further described, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to this
Invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in this hair
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of organic formulations inhibiting weed germination in agricultural land soil, it is characterised in that：It includes Organic Ingredients and promotees to decompose
Dispensing；Wherein,
The Organic Ingredients be SOLID ORGANIC material or fluid organic material material, when Organic Ingredients be SOLID ORGANIC material when, it is described
Organic Ingredients includes at least one of agricultural crop straw and sawdust；It is described organic when Organic Ingredients is fluid organic material material
Raw material includes at least one of molasses and alcohol fermentation liquid；
It includes at least one of special microorganism and organic catalysis object that the rush, which decomposes dispensing,.
2. the organic formulations according to claim 1 for inhibiting weed germination in agricultural land soil, it is characterised in that：When organic original
When material is SOLID ORGANIC material, the fineness of the solid organic matters is 0.1~2mm, is calculated in mass percent, solid organic matters
Material：Moisture<20%, total organic carbon>35%, total organic nitrogen>0.5%；When Organic Ingredients is fluid organic material material, with quality hundred
Score meter, fluid organic material material：Moisture<50%, total organic carbon>30%.
3. the organic formulations according to claim 1 for inhibiting weed germination in agricultural land soil, it is characterised in that：When rush is decomposed
When in dispensing comprising professional microorganism, the special microorganism includes functional saccharomycete, bacillus, clostridium butyricum and aspergillus
At least one of；When it includes organic catalytic materials that the rush, which is decomposed in dispensing, the organic catalysis object includes cellulase, several
At least one of fourth matter enzyme and lignoenzyme.
4. the organic formulations according to claim 1 for inhibiting weed germination in agricultural land soil, it is characterised in that：It is described organic
Raw material and the mass ratio for promoting to decompose dispensing are (95~100)：(0~5).
5. a kind of preparation side inhibiting the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil such as Claims 1 to 4 any one of them
Method, it is characterised in that：Organic Ingredients and rush are decomposed dispensing to be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 100~200r/min, then existed
Dry 10~60min under the conditions of temperature is 70~100 DEG C, finally 10~60min of natural cooling at room temperature, has obtained mechanism
Agent.
6. a kind of application side inhibiting the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil such as Claims 1 to 4 any one of them
Method, which is characterized in that include in application process：
(1) organic formulations are uniformly laid with or are sprayed at pending soil surface according to 500~1500kg/ mus of amount；
(2) organic formulations are uniformly mixed with the topsoil of 0~30cm；
(3) irrigation soils are to maxmun field capacity；
(4) in soil surface plastic covering film, and by the surrounding of plastic film compacting, sealing, pending soil；
(5) soil is handled under conditions of the soil moisture is 25~45 DEG C, plastic film is thrown off after 15~30 days.
7. the application process according to claim 5 for inhibiting the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil, feature exist
In：In step (4), the thickness of plastic film>0.04mm.
8. the application process according to claim 5 for inhibiting the organic formulations of weed germination in agricultural land soil, feature exist
In：In step (3), 30~60m3 water is irrigated per acre.
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| CN110583699B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-07-27 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof |
| CN113956110A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-21 | 江西宝嘉生物发展有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for effectively preventing and controlling weed growth and preparation method and application thereof |
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