CN110583699B - Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof - Google Patents

Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110583699B
CN110583699B CN201910905354.3A CN201910905354A CN110583699B CN 110583699 B CN110583699 B CN 110583699B CN 201910905354 A CN201910905354 A CN 201910905354A CN 110583699 B CN110583699 B CN 110583699B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
preparation
organic
pepper
organic material
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201910905354.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110583699A (en
Inventor
李鑫
李雪峰
戴雄泽
张竹青
马艳青
杨莎
陈文超
欧立军
刘峰
周书栋
杨博智
郑井元
肖鑫
乐熹子
黄庆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan vegetable research institute
Original Assignee
Hunan vegetable research institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan vegetable research institute filed Critical Hunan vegetable research institute
Priority to CN201910905354.3A priority Critical patent/CN110583699B/en
Publication of CN110583699A publication Critical patent/CN110583699A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110583699B publication Critical patent/CN110583699B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to an organic preparation for controlling pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease, and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The organic preparation comprises a liquid organic material, a decomposition promoting ingredient and pyrroloquinoline quinone; the liquid organic material is prepared by mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5; the disintegration-promoting ingredient comprises at least one of a microbial agent and an organic catalytic substance; the usage amount of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 100-300ng/kg of liquid organic material. The pepper powder is applied to soil after being prepared according to a certain method, and is subjected to anaerobic treatment after being irrigated and coated with a film, so that pathogenic bacteria phytophthora capsici and pepper leaf spot mildew in the soil can be effectively killed, the morbidity of pepper phytophthora blight and pepper white star disease is reduced, and meanwhile, the yield and the quality of pepper can be improved.

Description

Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to an organic preparation for controlling pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease, and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
The pepper is a perennial or limited perennial herb of capsicum of solanaceae, and is an important vegetable crop in China. The pepper is native to the tropical region of central latin america, the native country is mexico, and is mainly distributed in the four rivers, the Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei province, Jize county and inner Mongolian Tokton county in China. The original distribution area is from Mexico to Columbia, and is commonly cultivated in countries all over the world at present.
The pepper Phytophthora blight is a soil-borne disease caused by Phytophthora capsici (Phytophthora capsicii), which is serious in pepper production areas in various provinces of China and all the world. Phytophthora capsici can not only infect capsicum, causing loss of capsicum production, but also infect various crops of solanaceae and cucurbitaceae. The pepper white star disease is a common pepper disease caused by pepper Phyllosticta capsicii Speg, mainly damages leaves, causes a large amount of fallen leaves in severe cases, and reduces yield due to premature senility of plants. At present, methods for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and pepper white star disease in production mainly comprise agricultural prevention and chemical prevention and control. The agricultural control measures mainly include crop rotation and selection of disease-resistant varieties, but crop rotation often limits stable development of pepper planting industry and cannot meet the requirements of pepper scale production; the breeding of disease-resistant varieties takes longer time, and the disease resistance of the varieties is easy to lose. The commonly used chemical control agents comprise chlorothalonil, azoxystrobin, fluazinam, metalaxyl, zineb and the like, and are the most used control measures, but the chemical control agents are high in application frequency and large in application amount, are easy to accumulate in soil, seriously affect the safety of agricultural products and the health of human bodies, and gradually reduce the control effect due to the continuous rise of the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an organic preparation for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease, and a preparation method and a using method thereof, which can effectively prevent and control two pepper diseases, reduce the dosage of chemical pesticides, promote the growth of pepper while reducing the morbidity, and improve the yield and the quality of pepper.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
firstly, the invention provides an organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease.
The organic preparation comprises a liquid organic material, a decomposition promoting ingredient and pyrroloquinoline quinone; the liquid organic material is prepared by mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5; the disintegration-promoting ingredient comprises at least one of a microbial agent and an organic catalytic substance; the usage amount of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 100-300ng/kg of liquid organic material; and uniformly mixing the liquid organic material, the decomposition promoting ingredient and the pyrroloquinoline quinone according to the mass ratio, drying, concentrating and naturally cooling to obtain the pyrroloquinoline quinone compound.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition-promoting ingredient is 95-99: 1-5.
Preferably, the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material is 25-35: 1.
Further, the microbial preparation in the decomposition-promoting ingredient is one or more of myceliophthora dermalis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bifidobacterium thermophilum and clostridium butyricum.
Further, the organic catalytic substance in the decomposition-promoting ingredient is one or more of pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase.
Further, if the decomposition promoting ingredient simultaneously comprises a microbial preparation and an organic catalytic substance, the mass ratio of the microbial preparation to the organic catalytic substance is 1:5-5: 1.
Preferably, the pyrroloquinoline quinone is used in an amount of 200ng/kg of liquid organic material.
Secondly, the invention provides a preparation method of the organic preparation for preventing and treating the pepper phytophthora blight and the white star disease, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the liquid organic material, the decomposition promoting ingredient and the pyrroloquinoline quinone according to the mass ratio, mixing at the rotating speed of 50-100r/min, fully and uniformly mixing, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the pyrroloquinoline quinone.
Finally, the invention provides a use method of the organic preparation for preventing and treating the pepper phytophthora blight and the white star disease, which comprises the following steps:
(1) ploughing and uniformly mixing a soil layer with 0-40cm of plough layer soil;
(2) the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface of the pepper planting field according to the proportion of 100-200 kg/mu;
(3) irrigating to the maximum water capacity in the field and then laminating;
(4) anaerobic treatment for 7-14 days at the soil temperature of 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the phytophthora capsici and the white star disease of capsicum are fungal diseases, and pathogenic bacteria of phytophthora capsici and phyllosticta capsici are aerobic bacteria which are mainly attached to the surfaces of seeds and diseased and residual plants, remain in soil for overwintering and are infected when the conditions are proper. According to the invention, the organic preparation is applied to the soil of the pepper planting field, and then the pepper planting field is irrigated and coated with the film, so that the strong anaerobic environment in the soil can be created and maintained at an accelerated speed. After the organic preparation is applied, the oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) of the soil can be reduced from hundreds of millivolts in aerobic condition to-200 millivolts or even lower within 1-3 days. The great Eh change caused by aerobic to anaerobic is extremely unfavorable for the growth of two kinds of aerobic pathogenic bacteria. Secondly, the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms in the soil is accelerated, so that the organic preparation generates a large amount of organic acids such as acetic acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid and propionic acid in the anaerobic fermentation process, and the concentration of the organic acids is enough to kill pathogenic bacteria in the soil. H can also be generated in the fermentation process2S、NH3Low valence metal ions such as Fe2+、Mn2+And the like, also has obvious toxic action on pathogenic bacteria. In addition, under the strong soil anaerobic environment, the microbial community structure in the soil is changed, the number of anaerobic microorganisms is increased, and the number of aerobic microorganisms is correspondingly reduced, so that the growth of aerobic pathogenic bacteria can be inhibited, and further, the effects of effectively killing phytophthora capsici and phytophthora capsici Leonian fungi and reducing the incidence of phytophthora capsici and botrytis alba in the subsequent cultivation process are achieved. The application amount of the organic preparation is too low to reach a strong anaerobic reduction environment, and basically has no killing effect on soil pathogenic bacteria; the problem of high cost can be caused by the excessively high application amount of the organic preparation, the improvement on the effect of reducing the morbidity of the two diseases is very small, the best effect is achieved by comprehensively considering the application amount of the organic material of 100 plus materials of 200 kg/mu, and the problems of disease prevention, yield increase and cost can be considered.
(2) The liquid organic material in the organic preparation is formed by mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to a certain mass ratio, wherein the molasses has high organic matter content, high carbon-nitrogen ratio and high carbon-nitrogen ratio, which are not beneficial to fermentation, so that the treatment time is longer than 4 weeks, and after the fermentation in the soil is finished, the phenomenon that microorganisms in the soil compete for nitrogen with crops can occur due to low nitrogen, so that crop seedlings are yellowed, thin and weak due to nitrogen deficiency and grow badly. The biogas slurry contains abundant nitrogen, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is very low and can reach 0.8-2.3:1, and the nitrogen loss in organic materials and soil can be caused by the excessively low carbon-nitrogen ratio. The invention combines the two materials, can adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to a moderate range, and can not cause the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil to be unbalanced after the treatment.
(3) The decomposition-promoting ingredients in the organic preparation comprise at least one of a plurality of microbial preparations and organic catalytic substances, and strains selected in the microbial preparations can generate a large amount of heat in the fermentation process, so that the fermentation speed is further improved, and the growth of beneficial microorganisms in soil is promoted; various enzymes selected in the organic catalytic substance can also act on organic materials well, so that the fermentation time is shortened. The microbial preparation and the organic catalytic substance are combined according to a certain proportion to have the effect of synergistically improving the fermentation speed. The decomposition-promoting ingredients are applied in a proportion of 1-5% of the total mass in cooperation with the liquid organic material, so that the fermentation speed of the liquid organic material can be greatly improved. The proper carbon-nitrogen ratio and various microbial preparations and organic catalytic substances can obviously increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in soil, thereby antagonizing the growth of pathogenic bacteria and reducing the occurrence of diseases. Meanwhile, the higher the soil temperature during treatment, the shorter the treatment time.
(4) The pyrroloquinoline quinone with a specific concentration added into the organic preparation can directly promote the growth of pepper plants by improving the chlorophyll content and the photosynthesis capacity of the plants and the like, can stimulate the growth of beneficial microorganisms in soil and promote the release of fixed nutrient elements in the soil, indirectly promotes the growth of plants by secondary metabolites of soil microorganisms, and further improves the disease resistance of the plants. Pyrroloquinoline quinone is a prosthetic group of various enzymes, and can promote a series of biochemical reactions related to division in organisms by activating specific protein kinases in biological cell membranes, thereby promoting metabolism of beneficial microorganisms in soil and increasing the number of the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. In addition, the pyrroloquinoline quinone can also transform phosphorus and potassium elements which are fixed in soil and are difficult to absorb by promoting the physiological activities of microorganisms such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the conversion process of soil nitrogen of the pepper planting field can be obviously changed by improving the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil, the turnover rate of inorganic nitrogen is accelerated, the fixed nitrogen in the soil is released, the effectiveness of nitrogen in the soil is improved, and the root activity of the pepper is improved. After the organic preparation is applied to the soil and treated, a considerable amount of organic substances remain in the soil to become a part of soil organic matters, so that the content of the soil organic matters is increased, the soil structure is improved, and the applied pyrroloquinoline quinone is combined, so that the growth of the pepper can be promoted while soil pathogenic bacteria are killed efficiently, and the yield and the quality of the pepper are increased. When the concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is too low, no obvious effect is achieved, and when the concentration is too high, the growth of beneficial bacteria in soil and the growth of hot pepper can be influenced.
In conclusion, compared with the existing control measures, the invention has the advantages of economy, simplicity, convenience, ecological environmental protection, stable control effect, difficult generation of resistance of pathogenic bacteria, obvious reduction of the incidence rate of pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease, promotion of pepper growth and improvement of pepper yield.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The molasses and biogas slurry used in the following examples were commercially available, myceliophthora corticola, bacillus mucilaginosus, bifidobacterium thermophilum, clostridium butyricum, pectinase, phytase, acid protease, and cellulase were commercially available, pyrroloquinoline quinone was provided by shanghai medical life science research center, ltd, and the film was a commercially available common non-drop film, and the pepper variety to be tested was xing vegetable 215.
Example 1
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, using Trichosporon cutaneum as a decomposition-promoting ingredient, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition-promoting ingredient is 95:5, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into 100ng/kg of the liquid organic material, mixing the raw materials at the mixing speed of 50-100r/min, fully mixing, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the compound.
Example 2
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, using pectinase as a decomposition-promoting ingredient, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition-promoting ingredient is 97:3, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into 200ng/kg of the liquid organic material, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, fully mixing uniformly, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic preparation.
Example 3
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, using bacillus mucilaginosus and bifidobacterium thermophilum as decomposition promoting ingredients, adjusting the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to be 99:1, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into 300ng/kg of the liquid organic material, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, fully mixing, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the compound.
Example 4
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, using phytase and acidic protease as a decomposition-promoting ingredient, adjusting the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition-promoting ingredient to be 95:5, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into 200ng/kg of the liquid organic material, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min after fully mixing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the compound.
Example 5
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, mixing the Trichosporon cutaneum and Clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a microbial preparation, mixing the microbial preparation and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a decomposition promoting ingredient, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition promoting ingredient is 97:3, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into the liquid organic material according to the mass ratio of 300ng/kg, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotating speed of 50-100r/min, fully mixing, drying and concentrating at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the microbial preparation.
Example 6
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, mixing pectinase and acid protease according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an organic fermentation product, mixing bacillus mucilaginosus and the organic fermentation product according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a decomposition promoting ingredient, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition promoting ingredient is 99:1, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into the liquid organic material according to the mass ratio of 100ng/kg, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, drying and concentrating at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min after fully mixing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic preparation.
Example 7
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, mixing the filamentous spore saccharomycete and the Bacillus mucilaginosus according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a microbial preparation, mixing the acidic protease and the cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an organic fermentation product, mixing the microbial preparation and the organic fermentation product according to the mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain a decomposition promoting ingredient, mixing the liquid organic material and the decomposition promoting ingredient according to the mass ratio of 95:5, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into the liquid organic material according to the mass ratio of 300ng/kg, mixing the raw materials at the mixing speed of 50-100r/min, drying and concentrating at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min after fully mixing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the microbial preparation.
Example 8
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, mixing bifidobacterium thermophilum and clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a microbial preparation, mixing pectinase and phytase according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an organic fermentation product, mixing the microbial preparation and the organic fermentation product according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain a decomposition promoting ingredient, mixing the liquid organic material and the decomposition promoting ingredient according to the mass ratio of 97:3, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into 100ng/kg of the liquid organic material, mixing the raw materials at the mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, drying and concentrating at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min after fully and uniformly mixing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic microbial preparation.
Example 9
Mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain a liquid organic material of an organic preparation, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material to be 25-35:1, mixing the filamentous spore saccharomycete, the bacillus mucilaginosus and the clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a microbial preparation, mixing the microbial preparation and the phytase according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a decomposition promoting ingredient, mixing the liquid organic material and the decomposition promoting ingredient according to the mass ratio of 99:1, adding pyrroloquinoline quinone into the liquid organic material at a ratio of 200ng/kg, mixing the raw materials at a mixing rotation speed of 50-100r/min, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min after fully mixing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the compound.
Experimental example 1
Experiments on the prevention and control effects of phytophthora blight and white star disease of capsicum in soil of capsicum planting field were performed using the organic preparations prepared in examples 1 to 9.
Setting field experiments:
plots to which the organic preparations prepared in examples 1 to 9 were applied respectively were used as experimental groups 1 to 9;
the use method of the organic preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) ploughing and uniformly mixing a soil layer with 0-40cm of plough layer soil;
(2) the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface of the pepper planting field according to the proportion of 100-200 kg/mu;
(3) irrigating to the maximum water capacity in the field and then laminating;
(4) anaerobic treatment for 7-14 days at the soil temperature of 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the treatment.
Control 1 was a field without any soil treatment (blank control);
the difference between the control group 2 and the experimental group 1 is that the organic preparation only contains liquid organic materials;
the difference between the control group 3 and the experimental group 1 is that the organic preparation only contains liquid organic materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients;
the difference between the control group 4 and the experimental group 1 is that the organic preparation only contains liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone;
the control group 5 is different from the experimental group 1 in that the organic preparation is not applied to the soil surface and then is subjected to irrigation and film covering treatment.
The control group 6 differed from the experimental group 1 in that the concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic formulation was 50ng/kg of liquid organic material.
The control group 7 differed from the experimental group 1 in that the concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic formulation was 500ng/kg of liquid organic material.
The results of the experiments are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 Sterilization Effect of Phytophthora capsici in soil under different treatments
Figure BDA0002213108460000071
Figure BDA0002213108460000081
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with the blank control, experimental groups 1 to 9 using the organic preparation prepared by the invention can effectively kill the phytophthora capsici in the soil, and remarkably reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, wherein the sterilization rate can reach 98.80 percent at most and 85.32 percent at least. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1 to 9 shows that the sterilization rate is improved along with the improvement of the application amount in a certain organic preparation dosage range, wherein the average sterilization rate is 90.93% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 100 kg/mu, 92.70% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 150 kg/mu and 94.60% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 200 kg/mu. As shown by comparing the data of the experimental groups 1-3, 4-6 and 7-9, the bactericidal effect is the best when the dosage of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 200ng/kg, and then 300 ng/kg. The organic preparation prepared in example 4 has the best bactericidal effect under 3 dosage.
Compared with the control group 1, the control group 2 only containing liquid organic materials in the organic preparation, the control group 3 only containing liquid organic materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients in the organic preparation, the control group 4 only containing liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic preparation and the control group 5 not subjected to irrigation and film coating after the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface all have certain sterilization effects, wherein the control group 4 with the best effect has the average sterilization rate of 76.57%, but is still poorer than 90.24% of the experimental group 1. The control group 5 did not undergo irrigation and film coating treatment, and thus an anaerobic reduction environment in soil could not be formed, and had almost no killing effect on phytophthora capsici. The control group 6 has lower concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, and the effect of killing the soil phytophthora capsici has no significant difference with the control group 3 without pyrroloquinoline quinone. The control group 7 had a higher concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, but rather a poorer bactericidal effect, which may be related to the inhibition of the growth of beneficial bacteria such as some antagonistic bacteria in soil by high concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone.
TABLE 2 prevention and treatment of Phytophthora capsici under different treatments
Figure BDA0002213108460000082
Figure BDA0002213108460000091
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, compared with the blank control, experimental groups 1 to 9 using the organic preparation prepared by the invention can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of the pepper phytophthora blight, and the incidence of the pepper phytophthora blight is remarkably reduced, wherein the prevention and control rate can reach 98.72 percent at most and 89.36 percent at least. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1 to 9 shows that the incidence rate of the pepper phytophthora blight is reduced along with the increase of the application amount within a certain organic preparation dosage range, wherein the average incidence rate is 4.49% when the organic preparation dosage is 100 kg/mu, and the prevention and control rate is 93.07%; when the dosage is 150 kg/mu, the average morbidity is 3.00 percent, and the prevention and control rate is 95.38 percent; the average incidence rate is 2.03 percent and the prevention and control rate is 96.87 percent when the dosage is 200 kg/mu. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1-3, 4-6 and 7-9 shows that the dosage of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 200ng/kg, the disease prevention effect is the best, and the dosage is 300 ng/kg. Wherein the organic preparation prepared in example 4 has the best prevention and control effect under 3 dosage.
Compared with the control group 1, the control group 2 only containing liquid organic materials in the organic preparation, the control group 3 only containing liquid organic materials and decomposition promoting ingredients in the organic preparation, the control group 4 only containing liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic preparation and the control group 5 not subjected to irrigation and film coating after the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface all have certain effects of preventing and treating the pepper phytophthora blight, wherein the control group 4 with the best effect has the average disease rate of 15.9 percent and the average prevention and control rate of 75.48 percent, but is still poorer than the control group 1 with the average disease rate of 4.43 percent and the average prevention and control rate of 93.17 percent. The control group 5 does not carry out irrigation and film covering treatment, cannot form an anaerobic reduction environment in soil, and has poor control effect on pepper phytophthora blight. The control group 6 has lower concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, and the effect of preventing and treating the pepper phytophthora blight has no significant difference with the control group 3 without pyrroloquinoline quinone. The control group 7 has higher concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, and the prevention and control rate is lower, which may be related to the growth inhibition of beneficial bacteria such as some antagonistic bacteria in soil by high concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone.
TABLE 3 fungicidal Effect of Phoma capsici treated differently
Figure BDA0002213108460000101
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, compared with the blank control, experimental groups 1 to 9 using the organic preparation prepared by the invention can effectively kill the pepper leaf mold in the soil, and remarkably reduce the number of soil pathogenic bacteria, wherein the sterilization rate can reach 98.48 percent at most and 81.38 percent at least. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1 to 9 shows that the sterilization rate is improved along with the improvement of the application amount in a certain organic preparation dosage range, wherein the average sterilization rate is 88.27% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 100 kg/mu, 91.24% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 150 kg/mu and 94.06% when the dosage of the organic preparation is 200 kg/mu. As shown by comparing the data of the experimental groups 1-3, 4-6 and 7-9, the bactericidal effect is the best when the dosage of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 200ng/kg, and then 300 ng/kg. The organic preparation prepared in example 4 has the best bactericidal effect under 3 dosage.
Compared with the control group 1, the control group 2 only containing liquid organic materials in the organic preparation, the control group 3 only containing liquid organic materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients in the organic preparation, the control group 4 only containing liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic preparation and the control group 5 not subjected to irrigation and film coating after the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface all have certain sterilization effects, wherein the control group 4 with the best effect has the average sterilization rate of 75.33%, but is still poorer than 88.04% of the experimental group 1. The control group 5 did not undergo irrigation and film coating treatment, and thus an anaerobic reduction environment in the soil could not be formed, and had almost no killing effect on pepper leaf mold. The concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone in the control group 6 is lower, and the effect of killing the soil phomopsis capsici is not obviously different from that of the control group 3 without the pyrroloquinoline quinone. The control group 7 had a higher concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, but rather a poorer bactericidal effect, which may be related to the inhibition of the growth of beneficial bacteria such as some antagonistic bacteria in soil by high concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone.
TABLE 4 control of white spot in capsicum under different treatments
Figure BDA0002213108460000111
Figure BDA0002213108460000121
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, compared with the blank control, experimental groups 1 to 9 using the organic preparation prepared by the invention can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of the pepper white spot, the incidence of the pepper white spot is remarkably reduced, the prevention effect can reach 97.47% at most and 84.05% at least. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1 to 9 shows that the disease index of the pepper white star disease is reduced along with the increase of the application amount within a certain organic preparation dosage range, wherein the average disease index is 2.62 when the organic preparation dosage is 100 kg/mu, and the average prevention effect is 89.96 percent; when the dosage is 150 kg/mu, the average disease index is 1.78, and the average prevention effect is 93.16%; the average disease index is 1.34 when the dosage is 200 kg/mu, and the average prevention effect is 94.85 percent. The comparison of the data of the experimental groups 1-3, 4-6 and 7-9 shows that the dosage of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 200ng/kg, the disease prevention effect is the best, and the dosage is 300 ng/kg. Wherein the organic preparation prepared in the example 4 has the best effect of preventing and treating the pepper white spot under 3 dosage.
Compared with the control group 1, the control group 2 only containing liquid organic materials in the organic preparation, the control group 3 only containing liquid organic materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients in the organic preparation, the control group 4 only containing liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic preparation and the control group 5 not subjected to irrigation and film coating after the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface all have certain effects of preventing and treating the pepper white star disease, wherein the control group 4 with the best effect has the best effect, the average disease index of 7.66 and the average prevention effect of 70.60%, but is still poorer than the average disease index of 2.41 and the average prevention effect of 90.75% in the experimental group 1. The control group 5 did not undergo irrigation and film coating treatment, and thus an anaerobic reduction environment in soil could not be formed, and had almost no control effect on pepper leaf spot. The concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone in the control group 6 is lower, and the effect of preventing and treating the pepper white star disease is not obviously different from that of the control group 3 without the pyrroloquinoline quinone. The control group 7 has higher concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone, but has lower control effect, and may be related to the growth inhibition of beneficial bacteria such as some antagonistic bacteria in soil by the high concentration of pyrroloquinoline quinone.
The application amount of the organic preparation in the experimental group is set to be 200 kg/mu, the control group 1 is a blank control, the application amount of the organic preparation in the control groups 2-7 is the same as that in the experimental group, the pepper is planted for one season, the experimental group and the control group adopt a conventional fertilization method, the yield and the quality of the pepper are measured after harvesting, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 yield and quality variation of peppers under different treatments
Figure BDA0002213108460000131
As can be seen from the data in Table 5, the test groups 1-9 using the organic preparation prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the per mu yield of pepper and the contents of vitamin C, protein and soluble sugar, compared with the blank control, wherein the yield of pepper is improved by 22.14% on average, the content of vitamin C is improved by 8.15% on average, the content of protein is improved by 10.32% on average, and the content of soluble sugar is improved by 24.68% on average.
Compared with the control group 1, the control group 2 only containing liquid organic materials in the organic preparation, the control group 3 only containing liquid organic materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients in the organic preparation, the control group 4 only containing liquid organic materials and pyrroloquinoline quinone in the organic preparation and the control group 5 not subjected to irrigation and film coating after the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface all have certain effects of improving the yield and quality of the peppers, wherein the control group 4 has the best effect, but is still poorer than the experimental group 1. The control group 5 does not carry out irrigation and film covering treatment, but can increase the organic matter content of soil, and the effect of improving the yield and quality of the pepper is not obviously different from the control group 2. The concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone in the control group 6 is lower, the concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone in the control group 7 is higher, and the effect of improving the quality and the yield of the peppers treated by the two control groups is not obviously different from that of the control group 3 without the pyrroloquinoline quinone, which indicates that the effect of promoting the growth of the peppers is not obviously caused by too low or too high concentration of the pyrroloquinoline quinone.

Claims (6)

1. An organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease is characterized by comprising a liquid organic material, a decomposition promoting ingredient and pyrroloquinoline quinone; the liquid organic material is prepared by mixing molasses and biogas slurry according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5; the disintegration-promoting ingredient comprises at least one of a microbial agent and an organic catalytic substance;
the usage amount of the pyrroloquinoline quinone is 100-300ng/kg of liquid organic material; uniformly mixing the liquid organic material, the decomposition promoting ingredient and pyrroloquinoline quinone according to the mass ratio, drying, concentrating and naturally cooling to obtain the compound;
the microbial preparation in the decomposition-promoting ingredient is one or more of myceliophthora corticola, bacillus mucilaginosus, bifidobacterium thermophilum and clostridium butyricum;
the organic catalytic substance in the decomposition-promoting ingredient is one or more of pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase;
the mass ratio of the liquid organic material to the decomposition-promoting ingredient is 95-99: 1-5.
2. The organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the liquid organic material is 25-35: 1.
3. The organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decomposition promoting ingredient comprises a microbial preparation and an organic catalytic substance, and the mass ratio of the microbial preparation to the organic catalytic substance is 1:5-5: 1.
4. The organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrroloquinoline quinone is used in an amount of 200ng/kg of the liquid organic material.
5. A method for preparing the organic preparation for preventing and treating the pepper phytophthora blight and the white spot as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the liquid organic material, the decomposition promoting ingredient and the pyrroloquinoline quinone according to the mass ratio, mixing at the rotating speed of 50-100r/min, fully and uniformly mixing, drying and concentrating at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the pyrroloquinoline quinone.
6. Use of an organic preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for the control of phytophthora capsici and white star, which comprises the steps of:
(1) ploughing and uniformly mixing a soil layer with 0-40cm of plough layer soil;
(2) the organic preparation is sprayed on the soil surface of the pepper planting field according to the proportion of 100-200 kg/mu;
(3) irrigating to the maximum water capacity in the field and then laminating;
(4) anaerobic treatment for 7-14 days at the soil temperature of 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the treatment.
CN201910905354.3A 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof Active CN110583699B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910905354.3A CN110583699B (en) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910905354.3A CN110583699B (en) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110583699A CN110583699A (en) 2019-12-20
CN110583699B true CN110583699B (en) 2021-07-27

Family

ID=68862999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910905354.3A Active CN110583699B (en) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110583699B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111656900A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-09-15 湖南省蔬菜研究所 Method for repairing heavy metal cadmium and continuous cropping obstacles in facility agriculture soil
CN117024213B (en) * 2023-07-04 2024-06-18 宜春学院 Preparation method and application of fungus mushroom residue organic preparation for enriching selenium and reducing cadmium in soil and crops

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105104430A (en) * 2015-09-23 2015-12-02 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Soil disinfectant and method for preventing and treating phytophthora capsici
CN107987838A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-05-04 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 A kind of organic formulations of prevention and control crucifer club root and its application
CN108739896A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-11-06 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil
CN109997625A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-07-12 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A method of with improving pepper planting soil microenvironment
CN110041117A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-07-23 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of culture medium and preparation method thereof improving capsicum salt tolerance
CN110073917A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-02 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of pepper cultivation method reducing soil-borne disease
CN110100519A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-09 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of fertilizing method for improving soil property, improving capsicum vitamin C and protein content
CN110121970A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-16 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 A method of improvement vega soil property
CN110214608A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-10 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of bacterial spot of pepper method for integrated control

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110583137A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-20 湖南省蔬菜研究所 Method for preventing and treating pepper diseases and increasing yield and improving quality, organic preparation and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105104430A (en) * 2015-09-23 2015-12-02 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Soil disinfectant and method for preventing and treating phytophthora capsici
CN107987838A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-05-04 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 A kind of organic formulations of prevention and control crucifer club root and its application
CN108739896A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-11-06 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院 Inhibit organic formulations of weed germination and its preparation method and application method in agricultural land soil
CN109997625A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-07-12 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A method of with improving pepper planting soil microenvironment
CN110041117A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-07-23 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of culture medium and preparation method thereof improving capsicum salt tolerance
CN110073917A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-02 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of pepper cultivation method reducing soil-borne disease
CN110100519A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-09 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of fertilizing method for improving soil property, improving capsicum vitamin C and protein content
CN110121970A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-08-16 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 A method of improvement vega soil property
CN110214608A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-10 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of bacterial spot of pepper method for integrated control

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
曹云等.沼液施用对辣椒疫病的防治效果及对土壤生物学特性的影响.《中国农业科学》.2013,第46卷(第3期),第507-516页. *
曹云等.猪粪沼液防治辣椒疫病机理研究-沼液中铵与腐殖酸的作用.《中国生态农业学报》.2013,第21卷(第9期),第1119-1126页. *
王光飞等.不同有机物料强还原处理对土壤性状影响与防控辣椒疫病效果.《中国土壤与肥料》.2016,(第5期),第124-129页. *
顾志光等.麦秸淹水处理对连作土壤性状和辣椒疫病田间防控效果的影响.《农业环境科学学报》.2014,第33卷(第9期),第1762-1769页. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110583699A (en) 2019-12-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109022336A (en) Crop planting biological active liquid
CN105580843A (en) Brassinolide containing spore pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103145461A (en) Composite microbial bacterial fertilizer with functions of disease prevention, growth promotion and yield increase and application thereof
CN109776217A (en) A kind of biological bacteria composite foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN106305793A (en) Compound bacterial manure used for prevention and control of cotton verticillium wilt and the preparation method thereof
CN105237138A (en) Release-controlled fertilizer for Chinese yam and preparation method thereof
CN105254426A (en) Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN110583699B (en) Organic preparation for preventing and treating pepper phytophthora blight and white star disease and preparation and use method thereof
CN112811958A (en) Microbial fertilizer for flowers and plants, and preparation method and application thereof
CN103789235A (en) Successive planting resistance compound microbial agent and production method thereof
CN109053303A (en) A kind of micro organism composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating tomato bacterial wilt
CN106977293A (en) It is a kind of to improve complex microorganism organic fungi-manure of seedling salt tolerance and preparation method thereof
CN110386844A (en) A kind of fulvic acid microbial bacterial agent and preparation method thereof
CN116671525B (en) Liquid composite microorganism ferment and preparation method thereof, liquid biological agent and application thereof
CN109136144B (en) Special compound biological agent for ginseng and production and preparation method thereof
CN110343628B (en) Microbial agent containing candida ethanolate and application thereof
CN110583137A (en) Method for preventing and treating pepper diseases and increasing yield and improving quality, organic preparation and preparation method thereof
CN113273467B (en) Microbial inoculum combination for pseudo-ginseng planting and application method thereof
CN114920593A (en) Biological compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108314568A (en) A kind of slow release long-acting mixed fertilizer preventing graw mold of tomato and root rot
CN113439499A (en) Ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in low-temperature fallow period
CN112674103A (en) Antibacterial composition, pesticide bactericide and method for preventing and treating diseases of crops
CN102219602B (en) Novel biocontrol and plant vigor complexing agent and preparation method thereof
CN107736380B (en) Composition for preventing and treating sweet potato virus diseases
CN105272610A (en) Controlled-release fertilizer for Chinese yams and preparation method of fertilizer

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant