CN105420344A

CN105420344A - 一种稳定、抗干扰能力强的血清钾检测试剂及检测方法

Info

Publication number: CN105420344A
Application number: CN201510917373.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李志明; 谭柏清; 李静
Original assignee: Biobase Biodustry Shandong Co Ltd
Current assignee: Biobase Biodustry Shandong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-12-12
Filing date: 2015-12-12
Publication date: 2016-03-23

Abstract

本发明涉及血清钾检测技术领域，特别涉及一种血清钾检测试剂，试剂R1中含有缓冲液、穴合剂，PEP，ADP，甲酸，甲酸脱氢酶，α-酮戊二酸，NADH，GLDH（谷氨酸脱氢酶），聚乙二醇6000，乙二醇，甘露醇，海藻糖，BSA，PK（丙酮酸激酶），烷基糖苷（APG），防腐剂；试剂R2中含有缓冲液，聚乙二醇6000，乙二醇，甘露醇，海藻糖，BSA，LDH（乳酸脱氢酶），烷基糖苷（APG），防腐剂。采用Tris缓冲液，添加多种稳定剂，且引入的NADH循环再生系统，显著改善了试剂的稳定性；并且添加的新型非离子型表面活性剂烷基糖苷（APG），可有效防止反应体系浑浊，显著提高了试剂的灵敏度和稳定性。

Description

一种稳定、抗干扰能力强的血清钾检测试剂及检测方法

技术领域

本发明涉及血清钾检测技术领域，特别涉及一种血清钾检测试剂，还涉及使用此检测试剂的检测方法。

背景技术

钾(potassium,K)是人体内维持细胞生理活动的主要阳离子，在保持机体的正常渗透压及酸碱平衡、参与糖及蛋白代谢、保证神经肌肉的正常功能等方面具有重要作用。钾离子大部分(98%)存在于细胞内，少量存在于细胞外液，且浓度恒定。正常人血清中含K⁺约4～5mmol/L。体内的钾离子经常不断地在细胞内与体液之间相互交换，以保持动态平衡。血清钾、钠、氯测定是临床常见的组合检测项目之一，有助于水、电解质平衡和酸碱平衡紊乱的判断。

目前，钾离子检测方法主要有离子选择电极法(ISE)、火焰光度法和酶法。其中离子选择电极法(ISE)和酶法在临床上最为常用。ISE法具有标本用量少，可与自动生化分析仪组合，快速准确，重复性好等优点。但该法电极具有一定寿命，需要定期更换，费用较高。而酶法的精密度和准确度可以与火焰光度法接近，且具有简便、精确、重复性好、特异性强、血清用量少等优点，但存在稳定性较差，易受干扰等缺点。

鉴于此，本发明在酶法的基础上优化反应体系，添加稳定剂聚乙二醇6000、甘露醇、海藻糖、BSA、乙二醇等可有效提高试剂的稳定性；并且通过引入辅酶NADH再生系统，可以有效降低NADH的氧化，大大增强试剂稳定性。优选的新型非离子表面活性剂烷基糖苷（APG）的加入可防止反应体系浑浊，增强底物的稳定性，提高试剂的抗干扰能力。该试剂操作简便快速，适用于自动化分析，是一种更加稳定、抗干扰能力强的血清钾(K)试剂。

发明内容

本发明的目的是提供一种用于检测血清钾(K)的试剂及使用该试剂检测血清钾含量的方法。该试剂盒采用酶法，可以有效检测血清钾的含量，抗干扰能力强，稳定性好等优点。

基本原理：

通过钾依赖性丙酮酸激酶催化底物磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸（PEP）的酶动力学反应检测钾，其产物丙酮酸盐在乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）作用下与NADH反应生成NAD⁺，其在340nm的吸光值下降与钾浓度呈比例。

并且，本试剂引入辅酶NADH再生系统，通过添加少量的的甲酸脱氢酶，可以在不干扰主体反应的前提下，将氧化态NAD⁺转化还原态NADH，使反应底物NADH在试剂存储过程中可以始终保持稳定，显著提高了试剂的稳定性。

本发明是通过以下步骤得到的：

一种血清钾检测试剂，包括试剂R1和试剂R2，所述试剂R1和试剂R2的组成如下：

试剂R1中含有

缓冲液_{···········································································}200mmol/L，

穴合剂_{········································································}14mmol/L，

PEP_{···············································································}4mmol/L，

ADP_{··············································································}3.5mmol/L，

甲酸_{··············································································}0.2mmol/L，

甲酸脱氢酶_{····································································}100U/L，

α-酮戊二酸_{·································································}3mmol/L，

NADH_{·············································································}0.35mmol/L，

GLDH（谷氨酸脱氢酶）_{···················································}12KU/L，

聚乙二醇6000_{································································}10g/L，

乙二醇_{··············································································}5ml/L，

甘露醇_{··············································································}20g/L，

海藻糖_{·················································································}10g/L，

BSA_{·······················································································}3g/L，

PK（丙酮酸激酶）_{································································}2KU/L，

烷基糖苷（APG）_{································································}1g/L，

防腐剂_{·················································································}1ml/L；

2）试剂R2的组分为：

缓冲液_{···········································································}20mmol/L，

LDH（乳酸脱氢酶）_{·····························································}65KU/L，

防腐剂_{················································································}1ml/L。

所述的血清钾检测试剂，试剂R1中缓冲液为25℃，pH为8.2的Tris缓冲液。

所述的血清钾检测试剂，试剂R2中缓冲液为25℃，pH为9.0的Tris缓冲液。

所述的血清钾检测试剂，所述防腐剂为Proclin300。

所述的血清钾检测试剂来检测血清钾含量的检测方法，使用全自动生化分析仪利用固定时间法进行测定，检测主波长为340nm。

所述的检测方法，R1试剂和R2试剂的比例为3:1。

本发明的有益效果：

1）优化反应体系并添加聚乙二醇6000、甘露醇、海藻糖、BSA、乙二醇等多种稳定剂，可以显著改善了试剂的稳定性和抗干扰能力；

2）采用新型非离子表面活性剂烷基糖苷（APG）的加入可防止反应体系浑浊，增强底物的稳定性，提高试剂的抗干扰能力。

3）引入辅酶NADH再生系统，通过添加少量的的甲酸脱氢酶，可以在不干扰主体反应的前提下，将氧化态NAD⁺转化还原态NADH，使反应底物NADH在试剂存储过程中可以始终保持稳定，显著提高了试剂的稳定性。

4）试剂的准确度和稳定性良好，价格便宜，使用方便，完全可以满足临床需要。

附图说明

图1为两种试剂的相关性曲线图，

图2为两种试剂效期稳定性曲线图。

具体实施方式

下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步说明：

实施例1

血清钾的检测试剂，包试剂R1和试剂R2：

1）其R1的组成为：

Tris（三羟甲基氨基甲烷）缓冲液(pH=8.2，25℃)_{··························}200mmol/L

穴合剂_{·····································································································}14mmol/L，

PEP_{··········································································································}4mmol/L，

ADP_{·········································································································}3.5mmol/L，

甲酸_{·········································································································}0.2mmol/L，

甲酸脱氢酶_{·······························································································}100U/L，

α-酮戊二酸_{····························································································}3mmol/L，

NADH_{········································································································}0.35mmol/L，

GLDH（谷氨酸脱氢酶）_{···········································································}12KU/L，

聚乙二醇6000_{·························································································}10g/L，

乙二醇_{·····································································································}5ml/L，

甘露醇_{······································································································}20g/L，

海藻糖_{······································································································}10g/L，

BSA_{·············································································································}3g/L，

PK（丙酮酸激酶）_{·······················································································}2KU/L，

烷基糖苷（APG）_{·························································································}1g/L，

防腐剂Proclin300_{···················································································}1ml/L

2）试剂R2的组分为：

Tris（三羟甲基氨基甲烷）缓冲液(pH=9.0，25℃)_{··························}20mmol/L

LDH（乳酸脱氢酶）_{····················································································}65KU/L，

防腐剂Proclin300_{···················································································}1ml/L。

3）本实施例试剂的使用方法：

本实施例描述的血清钾检测试剂，在使用时采用具有双试剂功能的全自动生化分析仪，如日立7180全自动分析仪等，利用固定时间法进行测定。将R1和R2按照3:1的比例放置到对应的试剂位上，在样品盘的对应位置放置好蒸馏水、标准品和样本，操作如表1：

表1实施例1试剂检测方法

计算：血清钾含量（mmol/L）＝（?A测定/min÷?A标准/min）×C标准。

实施例2

干扰性试验：取新鲜混合血清，分成2等份，然后将每等份再分成4等份，加入不同的干扰物质，使其在血清中的浓度达到表2的要求。然后分别用实施例1所得试剂，与市场常见并认可的血清钾(K)试剂同时对比测定血清中K的含量，对照组测定结果与加入不同干扰物质后各组的测定结果见表2。相对偏差(%)=(干扰样本的测定均值－对照样本的测定均值)/对照样本的测定均值×100%。

由表2可以看出，实施例1试剂在胆红素≤665μmol/L、甘油三酯≤24.2mmol/L、血红蛋白≤1g/L对测试结果没有明显干扰。而对照组试剂在上述浓度干扰物质存在时，受到明显干扰，这说明通过优化反应缓冲体系、添加新型非离子表面活性剂烷基糖苷（APG）后，实施例1试剂的抗干扰性能显著提高，远远优于对比试剂。

表2实施例试剂抗干扰性能比较

实施例3

相关性实验：利用实施例1配方配制试剂，与市场常见的国家食品药品监督管理局认可的某公司的血清钾试剂盒进行对照检测，同时检测了20个临床血清样本，检测结果如表3所示。并获得了两种试剂的相关性曲线（如图1所示），通过检测结果显示，两个试剂盒的相关系数为0.9996，说明了两者有极大的相关性。

表3实施例1试剂与市场常见并得到认可的血清钾测定试剂盒对比检测结果

实施例4

试剂的稳定性对比试验：对实施例1中的试剂，均匀分装13组，每组的试剂量为R1为18mL，R2为6mL；并且取13组市场常见的国家食品药品监督管理局认可的某公司的血清钾(K)试剂盒作对照。放置到2-8℃冰箱中，每月的同一天取出一组试剂检测K质控品（靶值为4.04mmol/L），检测结果如图2所示，实施例1试剂在2-8℃储存条件下比市场常见的血清钾(K)测定试剂盒更加稳定。

通过验证，本试剂与同类检测试剂对比相关性好，临床检测样本结果一致，能够达到市场对产品的应用要求，并且抗干扰性能好，是一种更加稳定、良好的血清钾(K)检测试剂。

Claims

1.一种血清钾检测试剂，其特征在于包括试剂R1和试剂R2，所述试剂R1和试剂R2的组成如下：

试剂R1中含有：

甲酸_{·············································································}0.2mmol/L，

甲酸脱氢酶_{···································································}100U/L，

试剂R2的组分为：

LDH（乳酸脱氢酶）_{····························································}65KU/L，

2.根据权利要求1所述的血清钾检测试剂，其特征在于试剂R1中缓冲液为25℃，pH为8.2的Tris缓冲液。

3.根据权利要求1所述的血清钾检测试剂，其特征在于试剂R1中缓冲液为25℃，pH为9.0的Tris缓冲液。

4.根据权利要求1所述的血清钾检测试剂，其特征在于试剂R1和R2中表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂烷基糖苷（APG）。

5.根据权利要求1所述的血清钾检测试剂，其特征在于所述防腐剂为Proclin300。

6.一种使用权利要求1-5中任一项所述的血清钾检测试剂来检测血清钾的检测方法，其特征在于使用全自动生化分析仪利用固定时间法进行测定，检测主波长为340nm。

7.根据权利要求6所述的检测方法，其特征在于R1试剂和R2试剂的比例为3:1。