CN105359902A - Seedbed seedling culture method for early rice - Google Patents
Seedbed seedling culture method for early rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359902A CN105359902A CN201510942099.1A CN201510942099A CN105359902A CN 105359902 A CN105359902 A CN 105359902A CN 201510942099 A CN201510942099 A CN 201510942099A CN 105359902 A CN105359902 A CN 105359902A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedbed seedling culture method for early rice. The method includes the steps of matrix preparation, seed soaking and pregermination, sowing, bed surface management and seedling lifting. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that fermented straw, horse dung and algae are adopted in a matrix and used in cooperation with remaining residues and the like used as edible fungus cultivation materials, high antibacterial performance is achieved, use of disinfestant is reduced, environment friendliness is achieved, and the transplanting standard can be met after seedlings are cultured for 25 days; incineration ash of combusted traditional Chinese medicine contains certain mineral substances and is mixed with the seedling culture matrix in proportion, and anti-bacterial and insect-resistant effects are achieved; in the management process of the seedling culture matrix, fertilizer and water, seedling culture cost is reduced, and meanwhile certain labor intensity is relieved; the growth vigor of the roots of the seedlings is good, continuous seedling pieces can be easily formed, transplanting operation is facilitated, seedling recovering after transplanting is rapid, the seedling quality is good, and insect-resistant and disease-resistant capacity is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural breeding, be specifically related to a kind of bed seedling method of early rice.
Background technology
China's Rice Cropping area is based on south, Rice Production is more and more concentrated to dominant area, China's Rice Production is progressively concentrated to the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River and paddy rice producing region, Heilungkiang in recent years, current South Rice Region of China accounts for 94% of China's rice growing area, Yangtze river basin rice area has accounted for 65.7% of the whole nation, wherein early rice produces 13 provinces (district), and sowing area is larger.But because seedtime temperature is difficult to hold; if miscarriage; usually the rotten bud of rotten kind can be caused; therefore how before cultivation, nursery is carried out at present; thus improve the survival rate of early rice; but owing to being difficult to hold farming season; early rice has focused on the height growth of paddy rice during seedling management, but its inferior quality, cauline leaf dry matter is less; the paddy rice mouthfeel of planting out is poor; for industrial grain or stored grain, if can not be utilized in time, usually waste can be caused; plantation industry is lost more than gain, therefore needs a kind of seedling-cultivating method that can improve early rice quality.
In current seedling-cultivating method, common problem is that in composite fertilizer, ratio is improper, and when early rice is ripe, temperature is too high, if nitrogenous fertilizer usage amount is high when nursery, can reduce planting percent, thus causes gained seedling inferior quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing problem, provide a kind of bed seedling method of early rice.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the seedbed seedling-cultivating method of a kind of early rice, comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix is joined and is got: get 40 parts of stalks fermented, 25 parts of horsehits fermented, 5 parts of marine algas of fermenting, the remaining residue of culture medium of edible fungus is used as with 20 parts of vermiculites and 8 parts, add 0.2 part of composite fertilizer again, 0.6 part of humectant, 0.4 part of adhesive and 0.8 part of strengthening agent are puddled evenly;
In matrix, adding the remaining residue of culture medium of edible fungus, when effectively utilizing useless resource, the usage amount of azophoska can also be reduced, in addition, the strict content controlling nitrogen in interpolation composite fertilizer, avoid nitrogen content in rice shoot too high, at high temperature disease resistance weakens.
(2) presoaking and germinating: the seed rice selecting full seed, under the condition of 65-75 DEG C, irradiates 3-4 hour with 800-1000lx illumination, and the warm water then putting into 40-50 DEG C soaks 12 hours, changes a water every 4 hours; The strong chlorine oil liquid seed soaked being put into 400 times is soaked seed 8-10 hour, then rinses 15-20 minute with water; Vernalization in the cloth bag of humidity, controls its temperature at 35-40 DEG C with warm water, and after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, control temperature, at 25-30 DEG C, by the time during bud length half paddy, opens a bag hardening in normal temperature;
With high light process seed before seed soaking, effectively can improve germination rate and the germination vigor of seed, be not easy to affect by ambient weather simultaneously.
(3) sow: above the matrix seed after vernalization being evenly sprinkling upon seedbed, with the dry seed rice sowing of 0.6kg/ ㎡, then seed is covered with the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixture of matrix, the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixed proportion of matrix are 3:1, lid kind of thickness is 0.5-1cm, lid squirts lid kind of a layer with acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis after planting, and then uses non-textile mulch;
Select the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and bed seedling matrix to puddle at lid kind of a layer, now for discarded Chinese medicine, can be used for burning heating, can amount of heat be produced and not pollute the environment, then squirt lid kind of layer with acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis, effectively can control infection process.
(4) seedbed management:
A. moisture management: in good time water, controls seedbed moisture content and remains on 40-50%; Fill with sufficient water when rice shoot grows to 1 leaf 1 heart, keep seedbed moisture content at 65-75%;
B. temperature treatment: after planting between 1 leaf 1 heart stage, maintenance day temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 18-22 DEG C; Between 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaf 1 heart stages, maintenance day temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C; After 2 leaf 1 hearts, maintenance day temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C;
C. to topdress management: watered a rich water every 10 days after taking off film, each fertilizing amount is 18-25g/ ㎡, and use nitrogen content in fertilizer and be no less than 8%, phosphorus content is no less than 4%, and potassium content is no less than 1.5%, and Zn content is no less than 0.3%;
(5) seedling is played: transplant when rice shoot grows to 3 leaf 1 heart.
As further improvement of these options, comprise urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride in described composite fertilizer, the mixing ratio of urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride is 1:1.5:0.8:1.8:1.2.
As further improvement of these options, Chinese medicine described in step (3) is two or more mixture any in honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, Radix Codonopsis, dried orange peel, hawthorn.
As further improvement of these options, described acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis is that tealeaf residue boiling water infused bubble after 1-2 hour, and with acid solution, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis being adjusted to pH value is 2-3.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
Have employed in matrix in the present invention fermented stalk, horsehit and marine alga, with the use of being used as the remaining residue of culture medium of edible fungus etc., containing abundant organic matter and humic acid, and containing abundant trace element, there is stronger anti-microbial property, decrease the use of insecticide, environmental protection, rice shoot all can reach transplanting standard in 25 days;
Containing certain mineral matter in the incineration residue of burned Chinese medicine, mix in proportion with seedling medium, the lid kind layer formed can effectively be incubated, moistening effect is good, spray with acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis, contained organic matter and trace element in tealeaf residue can not only be made to be fully used, antibacterial pest-resistant effect can also be played;
In seedling medium and rich water quality management process, replaced by raw material and change management method and reduce using of rich water, reduce seedling cost, decrease certain labour intensity simultaneously;
After planting to coordinate the management of liquid manure and temperature in the present invention, seedling root growing way can be made better, easily forming continuous print seedling sheet, be conducive to transplanting operation, after transplanting, slow seedling is fast, and seedling quality is good, and pest-resistant resistance against diseases is strong.
Embodiment
Embodiment
A seedbed seedling-cultivating method for early rice, comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix is joined and is got: get 40 parts of stalks fermented, 25 parts of horsehits fermented, 5 parts of marine algas of fermenting, the remaining residue of culture medium of edible fungus is used as with 20 parts of vermiculites and 8 parts, add 0.2 part of composite fertilizer again, 0.6 part of humectant, 0.4 part of adhesive and 0.8 part of strengthening agent are puddled evenly;
Wherein, comprise urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride in described composite fertilizer, the mixing ratio of urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride is 1:1.5:0.8:1.8:1.2.
(2) presoaking and germinating: the seed rice selecting full seed, under the condition of 65-75 DEG C, irradiates 3-4 hour with 800-1000lx illumination, and the warm water then putting into 40-50 DEG C soaks 12 hours, changes a water every 4 hours; The strong chlorine oil liquid seed soaked being put into 400 times is soaked seed 8-10 hour, then rinses 15-20 minute with water; Vernalization in the cloth bag of humidity, controls its temperature at 35-40 DEG C with warm water, and after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, control temperature, at 25-30 DEG C, by the time during bud length half paddy, opens a bag hardening in normal temperature;
(3) sow: above the matrix seed after vernalization being evenly sprinkling upon seedbed, with the dry seed rice sowing of 0.6kg/ ㎡, then seed is covered with the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixture of matrix, the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixed proportion of matrix are 3:1, lid kind of thickness is 0.5-1cm, lid squirts lid kind of a layer with acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis after planting, and then uses non-textile mulch;
Wherein, Chinese medicine described in step (3) is two or more mixture any in honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, Radix Codonopsis, dried orange peel, hawthorn.
Wherein, described acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis is that tealeaf residue boiling water infused bubble after 1-2 hour, and with acid solution, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis being adjusted to pH value is 2-3.
(4) seedbed management:
A. moisture management: in good time water, controls seedbed moisture content and remains on 40-50%; Fill with sufficient water when rice shoot grows to 1 leaf 1 heart, keep seedbed moisture content at 65-75%;
B. temperature treatment: after planting between 1 leaf 1 heart stage, maintenance day temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 18-22 DEG C; Between 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaf 1 heart stages, maintenance day temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C; After 2 leaf 1 hearts, maintenance day temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C;
C. to topdress management: watered a rich water every 10 days after taking off film, each fertilizing amount is 18-25g/ ㎡, and use nitrogen content in fertilizer and be no less than 8%, phosphorus content is no less than 4%, and potassium content is no less than 1.5%, and Zn content is no less than 0.3%;
(5) seedling is played: transplant when rice shoot grows to 3 leaf 1 heart.
In the present invention when preparing matrix, the usage amount of composite fertilizer decreases half, seedling medium Water-saving effect is good, and the frequency of administration of rich water reduces, and reduces labour intensity, the seedling cost of paddy rice is reduced to 24 yuan/mu, the total radical of rice shoot individual plant increases 4.5-9.2 bar, and packing ability obviously increases, and machinery is transplanted seedlings strong operability, strong sprout, rate reached more than 92%, did not occur damage by disease and insect.
Claims (4)
1. a seedbed seedling-cultivating method for early rice, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) matrix is joined and is got: get 40 parts of stalks fermented, 25 parts of horsehits fermented, 5 parts of marine algas of fermenting, the remaining residue of culture medium of edible fungus is used as with 20 parts of vermiculites and 8 parts, add 0.2 part of composite fertilizer again, 0.6 part of humectant, 0.4 part of adhesive and 0.8 part of strengthening agent are puddled evenly;
(2) presoaking and germinating: the seed rice selecting full seed, under the condition of 65-75 DEG C, irradiates 3-4 hour with 800-1000lx illumination, and the warm water then putting into 40-50 DEG C soaks 12 hours, changes a water every 4 hours; The strong chlorine oil liquid seed soaked being put into 400 times is soaked seed 8-10 hour, then rinses 15-20 minute with water; Vernalization in the cloth bag of humidity, controls its temperature at 35-40 DEG C with warm water, and after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, control temperature, at 25-30 DEG C, by the time during bud length half paddy, opens a bag hardening in normal temperature;
(3) sow: above the matrix seed after vernalization being evenly sprinkling upon seedbed, with the dry seed rice sowing of 0.6kg/ ㎡, then seed is covered with the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixture of matrix, the incineration residue of Chinese medicine and the mixed proportion of matrix are 3:1, lid kind of thickness is 0.5-1cm, lid squirts lid kind of a layer with acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis after planting, and then uses non-textile mulch;
(4) seedbed management:
A. moisture management: in good time water, controls seedbed moisture content and remains on 40-50%; Fill with sufficient water when rice shoot grows to 1 leaf 1 heart, keep seedbed moisture content at 65-75%;
B. temperature treatment: after planting between 1 leaf 1 heart stage, maintenance day temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 18-22 DEG C; Between 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaf 1 heart stages, maintenance day temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C; After 2 leaf 1 hearts, maintenance day temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and evening, temperature was 15-18 DEG C;
C. to topdress management: watered a rich water every 10 days after taking off film, each fertilizing amount is 18-25g/ ㎡, and use nitrogen content in fertilizer and be no less than 8%, phosphorus content is no less than 4%, and potassium content is no less than 1.5%, and Zn content is no less than 0.3%;
(5) seedling is played: transplant when rice shoot grows to 3 leaf 1 heart.
2. the seedbed seedling-cultivating method of a kind of early rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride in described composite fertilizer, the mixing ratio of urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, MAP and potassium chloride is 1:1.5:0.8:1.8:1.2.
3. the seedbed seedling-cultivating method of a kind of early rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, Chinese medicine described in step (3) is two or more mixture any in honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, Radix Codonopsis, dried orange peel, hawthorn.
4. the seedbed seedling-cultivating method of a kind of early rice as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described acid Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis is that tealeaf residue boiling water infused bubble after 1-2 hour, and with acid solution, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis being adjusted to pH value is 2-3.
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| CN201510942099.1A CN105359902B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | A kind of seedbed method for culturing seedlings of early rice |
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| CN201510942099.1A CN105359902B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | A kind of seedbed method for culturing seedlings of early rice |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106342668A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-25 | 龙游茗皇生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate |
| CN107027604A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-11 | 蚌埠农兴达现代农业有限公司 | A kind of method of paddy rice alms bowl non-soil culture |
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| CN103988741A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 江海滢 | High-yield cultivation technology for rice |
| CN104082116A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-08 | 阳东绿康春农业科技有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated soilless culture system and culture method |
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2015
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Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001026503A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-30 | Chisso Corp | Agrochemical and culture of crop using the agrochemical |
| CA2480173C (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2012-12-04 | Stacey Wertz | Slow release nitrogen seed coat |
| KR20090063395A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | 박주상 | Cultivating method of cucumber having antioxidant effect and cucumber thereby |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106342668A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-25 | 龙游茗皇生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate |
| CN107027604A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-11 | 蚌埠农兴达现代农业有限公司 | A kind of method of paddy rice alms bowl non-soil culture |
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| CN105359902B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
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