CN105358528A - 新型光稳定剂 - Google Patents
新型光稳定剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105358528A CN105358528A CN201480036917.5A CN201480036917A CN105358528A CN 105358528 A CN105358528 A CN 105358528A CN 201480036917 A CN201480036917 A CN 201480036917A CN 105358528 A CN105358528 A CN 105358528A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- butyl
- compound
- ester
- acid
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OP(O)O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- DRITYCRTIHBMEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)CCC1=C(C=CC=C1)O.CC1(C(=O)O)CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)CCC1=C(C=CC=C1)O.CC1(C(=O)O)CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1 DRITYCRTIHBMEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl malonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GQJDFTIOKVGUOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)OP(O)O.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(O)C(CO)(CO)CO Chemical class OP(O)OP(O)O.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(O)C(CO)(CO)CO GQJDFTIOKVGUOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- STEYNUVPFMIUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1CCO STEYNUVPFMIUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZCILGMFPJBRCNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2H-benzotriazol-5-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2NN=NC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZCILGMFPJBRCNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 131
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 66
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 42
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical class CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
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- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 24
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 14
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 12
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SWZOQAGVRGQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1CCOC(=O)CCC(O)=O SWZOQAGVRGQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotriazine Chemical compound C1NNNC=C1 FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XUQNLOIVFHUMTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]methyl]-4-nonyl-6-(1-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical compound OC=1C(C(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1CC(C=1O)=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XUQNLOIVFHUMTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VTNULXUEOJMRKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy-N-(2H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)benzamide Chemical compound N=1NN=NC=1CNC(C1=CC(=CC=C1)OC1=NC(=CC(=C1)CN)C(F)(F)F)=O VTNULXUEOJMRKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane - octane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KXPXKNBDCUOENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(Octylthio)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSCCO KXPXKNBDCUOENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ICHKVCYUNCKCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)C.OCCCCCCO Chemical compound CN(C)C.OCCCCCCO ICHKVCYUNCKCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及羟基烷基-4-羟基四烷基哌啶化合物的对称性二酯及其作为光稳定剂的用途。它们与具有不同极性的涂料配制剂相容且可溶于其中。
Description
本发明涉及羟基烷基-4-羟基四烷基哌啶化合物的对称性二酯及其作为光稳定剂的用途。
许多材料,特别是涂料暴露于光、热和温度变化(即老化)。这可导致不希望的变化,例如颜色偏差、光泽丧失或者甚至开裂和脱层。这些变化通常主要归因于光,特别是UV光,其导致光化学诱导的降解反应。
因此,涂料的光稳定对保持预期多年保持不变的其外观和光泽至关重要。这些降解反应的诱导通过添加吸收UV光的化合物而防止。吸收UV光的化合物降低了涂层内的UV光强度。然而,根据Lambert-Beer定律,UV强度的显著降低仅可在不位于表面的涂层部分中实现。在涂层的表面处不能实现UV强度的显著降低。因此,即使存在吸收UV光的化合物,在涂层的表面处也诱发降解反应。
出于该原因,需要添加HALS(受阻胺光稳定剂)作为补充稳定剂。在大多数情况下,其为2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的衍生物。HALS化合物有效地清除在涂层表面处形成的自由基,其中对穿过的UVA提供的防护较少或没有。已对该过程进行了大量研究且基本上为称为Denisov循环的循环链断裂抗氧化剂过程。
HALS衍生物(例如Tinuvin770)或N-烷基官能化HALS的衍生物(例如Tinuvin292)为较强的碱。其经历与涂料体系的配制剂中的组分(例如酸催化剂、生物杀伤剂、表面活性剂、某些金属催化剂(例如助催化剂)或经酸性表面处理的颜料)的酸/碱相互作用。这导致有限的配制剂稳定性、固化延迟或抑制,或其他添加剂的失活。此外,HALS的质子化导致形成不利地影响其稳定活性的无活性HALS铵盐(参见G.Pritchard,Plasticsadditives:anA-Zreference,Springer1998,第354页)。
为了克服该问题,开发了N-烷氧基衍生物(“NOR”),例如Tinuvin123(方案1)和1-烷酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶衍生物,例如Hostavin3058(方案1)。这些因其低碱度而可适用于酸性配制剂中。然而,其生产较为昂贵,且(例如)Tinuvin123在极性配制剂中的相容性不足,从而导致渗出。此外,由于氮氧自由基的缓慢形成,在苛刻暴露条件下N-酰基-HALS衍生物的性能与“NOR”相比较差。
方案1
具有较低碱度的相对便宜的HALS衍生物为1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇(“HE-HTMP”1)。该化合物可例如通过用氧化乙烯N-烷基化4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶2(方案2)而获得。然而,1是高极性和亲水性的。其由此与低极性配制剂不相容或不可溶于其中。由于其高水溶性,其在老化条件下快速浸出,从而导致聚合物基体的UV稳定不足。
开发了例如如EP126028、EP135470中所述的低聚HALS衍生物(例如Tinuvin622)以特别用于塑料中且不易浸出。然而,1的这些低聚衍生物与典型的涂料配制剂不相容,这是因为其在这些配制剂中的溶解性不足。
方案2
1与乙酰乙酸的酯由EP000487A1已知且声称为聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚间苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(本体或纤维)的光稳定剂。该类酯由于存在β-酮酯官能团而可形成可用于类似应用中的金属螯合物。
EP1642892描述了适于稳定树脂的受阻胺光稳定剂。其通过将内酯加成至2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇而获得。US4,344,876公开了基于其中4-羟基被酯化且氮原子被烃基取代的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇的光稳定剂。DE2258752描述了一大组基于可在4-羟基处和氮原子处具有宽范围取代基的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇的光稳定剂。
作为衍生自芳族羧酸酯的HE-HTMP的对称二酯的光稳定剂由EP517103、WO2013/022609和US2012/027960已知。为了在涂料应用中的有效适用性,光稳定剂必须满足广范围的性质:与不同极性的涂料配制剂的相容性(即在基于极性至非极性溶剂的涂料组合物中的溶解性,不从涂层中渗出)、不干扰固化、不影响涂层的初始颜色或初始外观(例如光泽)、与已广为接受的光稳定剂相当的对UV光抗性的改进、低挥发性,和在通常条件下为液体(这允许容易地掺入涂料配制剂中)。宽范围的相容性连同在不同极性涂料配制剂中的良好溶解性是迄今为止尚未解决的要求。
因此,本发明潜在的问题是提供与不同极性的涂料配制剂相容且可溶于其中的光稳定剂。此外,希望所述光稳定剂还满足上文所述的其他要求。
该问题通过一种具有式(I)的化合物解决:
其中:
A为-CH(R3)-CH2-或-CH2-CH(R3)-;
各R1相同且选自:
C1-C21烷基;
C3-C7环烷基;
-CH2-R5,其中R5为具有一个、两个或三个双键的非环状C2-C20烃基;
被至少一个选自C1-C4烷氧基、-OH或-CN的取代基取代的C1-C21烷基;
被至少一个选自C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、-OH或-CN的取代基取代的C3-C7环烷基;和
被-CO-R4取代的C4-C21烷基,其中R4为C1-C4烷基;且
R2选自H和C1-C3烷基;且
R3为H或C1-C4烷基。
本文所用的术语“亚烷基”、“烷基”、“烃基”和“烷”(例如在“烷氧基”中)是指支化或直链碳链。
术语“烷基”(还在“烷氧基”等中)包括例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、2-戊基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、2-己基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、正庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、2-乙基戊基、1-丙基丁基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、2-丙基庚基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、壬基、癸基、正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十三烷基、异十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十六烷基、正十八烷基、正二十烷基等。
术语“烃基”意指2-20个碳原子的非环状直链或支化碳链。
术语“环烷基”意指具有3-7个环碳原子的饱和环状烃。环烷基为环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基和环庚基,其中优选环戊基和环己基。
在一个实施方案中,各R1选自C1-C21烷基,优选选自C1-C17烷基,特别是选自C1-C12烷基。在另一实施方案中,各R1选自C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16和C17烷基或C3-C7环烷基,特别是C3-C7环烷基。在另一实施方案中,所述烷基是支化的。
在优选的实施方案中,各R1选自甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、正戊基、1-乙基戊基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基、1-丙基己基、正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基、环戊基、环己基、2-甲氧基乙基、甲氧基甲基和乙酰乙基。特别优选1-乙基戊基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基和1-丙基己基。
在另一实施方案中,各R1选自被至少一个选自C1-C4烷氧基和-OH的取代基取代的C1-C21烷基。
在另一实施方案中,两个基团R1相同。
在上述实施方案中的任一个中,R2选自H和C1-C3烷基,优选选自H和甲基。特别优选其中R2为H的实施方案。
在上述实施方案中的任一个中,A通常选自-CH2-CH2-、#-CH(CH3)-CH2-或#-CH2-CH(CH3)-、#-CH2-CH(CH2-CH3)-、#-CH(CH2-CH3)-CH2-、#-CH2-CH(CH2-CH2-CH3)-、#-CH(CH2-CH2-CH3)-CH2-、#-CH2-CH(CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3)和#-CH2-CH(CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3)。特别优选其中A为-CH2-CH2-、#-CH(CH3)-CH2-或#-CH2-CH(CH3)-的实施方案。更优选其中A为-CH2-CH2-或#-CH(CH3)-CH2-的实施方案。(#表示与氧原子的连接)。最优选其中A为-CH2-CH2-的实施方案。
另一实施方案为式(I)化合物,其中两个基团R1相同且选自甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、正戊基、1-乙基戊基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、2,4,4-三甲基戊基、1-丙基己基、正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基、环戊基、环己基、2-甲氧基乙基、甲氧基甲基和乙酰乙基,R2为H且A为-CH2-CH2-或#-CH(CH3)-CH2-,特别为-CH2-CH2-。
本发明的另一实施方案为一种组合物,其包含:
a)有机材料,优选天然或合成有机聚合物,特别是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯、苯乙烯类聚合物或聚氯乙烯,和
b)上文所定义的式(I)化合物。
有机材料通常为聚合物,包括树脂。组分a)的实例为:
1.单烯烃和二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁-1-烯、聚-4-甲基戊-1-烯、聚乙烯基环己烷、聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯、以及环烯烃的聚合物,例如环戊烯或降冰片烯的聚合物,聚乙烯(可任选交联),例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高密度和高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)、高密度和超高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-UHMW)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、(VLDPE)和(ULDPE)。
聚烯烃,即前段中所例示的单烯烃聚合物(优选聚乙烯和聚丙烯)可通过不同方法,尤其是通过下述方法制得:
a)自由基聚合(通常在高压和升高的温度下)。
b)使用催化剂的催化聚合,所述催化剂通常包含一种或多种周期表第IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族的金属。这些金属通常具有一个或多个配体,典型地为氧化物、卤化物、醇盐、酯、醚、胺、烷基、链烯基和/或芳基,其可为π-或σ-共轭的。这些金属配合物可呈游离形式或固定在基体上,典型地固定在活化氯化镁、氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或二氧化硅上。这些催化剂可溶于或不溶于聚合介质中。所述催化剂自身可单独用于聚合反应中或可使用其他活化剂,典型的为烷基金属、金属氢化物、烷基金属卤化物、烷基金属氧化物或烷基金属烷(metalalkyloxane),所述金属为周期表第Ia、IIa和/或IIIa族的元素。活化剂可用其他酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚基团方便地改性。这些催化剂体系通常称为Philips、StandardOilIndiana、Ziegler(-Natta)、TNZ(杜邦)、茂金属或单中心催化剂(SSC)。
2.1)中提及的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯与聚异丁烯的混合物、聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物(例如PP/HDPE、PP/LDPE)以及不同类型聚乙烯的混合物(例如LDPE/HDPE)。
3.单烯烃和二烯烃彼此之间或与其他乙烯基单体的共聚物,例如乙烯/丙烯共聚物、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、丙烯/异丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、乙烯/己烯共聚物、乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物、乙烯/庚烯共聚物、乙烯/辛烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烷共聚物、乙烯/环烯烃共聚物(例如乙烯/降冰片烯,例如COC)、乙烯/1-烯烃共聚物(其中1-烯烃原位产生);丙烯/丁二烯共聚物、异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其盐(离聚物)、以及乙烯与丙烯及二烯(例如己二烯、二环戊二烯或亚乙基降冰片烯)的三元共聚物;和这些共聚物彼此之间的混合物以及与上述1)中提及的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯共聚物、LDPE/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、LDPE/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)、LLDPE/EVA、LLDPE/EAA和交替或无规聚亚烷基(polyalkylene)/一氧化碳共聚物及其与其他聚合物(如聚酰胺)的混合物。
4.烃树脂(例如C5-C9),包括其氢化改性产物(例如增粘剂)及聚亚烷基和淀粉的混合物。
1.)-4.)的均聚物及共聚物可具有任何立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规;其中优选无规聚合物。也包括立体嵌段聚合物。
5.聚苯乙烯、聚对甲基苯乙烯、聚α-甲基苯乙烯。
6.衍生自乙烯基芳族单体的芳族均聚物和共聚物,所述单体包括苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯的所有异构体,特别是对乙烯基甲苯、乙基苯乙烯的所有异构体、丙基苯乙烯、乙烯基联苯、乙烯基萘和乙烯基蒽及其混合物。均聚物和共聚物可具有任何立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规;其中优选无规聚合物。也包括立体嵌段聚合物。
6a.包括上述乙烯基芳族单体及选自下述共聚单体的共聚物:乙烯、丙烯、二烯、腈、酸、马来酸酐类、马来酰亚胺类、乙酸乙烯酯和氯乙烯或丙烯酸系衍生物及其混合物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯、苯乙烯/丙烯腈、苯乙烯/乙烯(共聚物)、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/马来酸酐、苯乙烯/丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯;苯乙烯共聚物与其他聚合物(例如聚丙烯酸酯、二烯聚合物或乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物)的高抗冲混合物;以及苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物如苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯或苯乙烯/乙烯/丙烯/苯乙烯。
6b.由上述6.)中提及的聚合物氢化衍生的氢化芳族聚合物,尤其是包括由无规聚苯乙烯氢化制得的聚环己基乙烯(PCHE),通常称为聚乙烯基环己烷(PVCH)。
6c.由上述6a.)中提及的聚合物氢化衍生的氢化芳族聚合物。
均聚物和共聚物可具有任何立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规;其中优选无规聚合物。也包括立体嵌段聚合物。
7.乙烯基芳族单体(如苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯)的接枝共聚物,例如苯乙烯接枝的聚丁二烯、苯乙烯接枝的聚丁二烯-苯乙烯或聚丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈(或甲基丙烯腈)接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酸酐接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和马来酸酐或马来酰亚胺接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酰亚胺接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯接枝的聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝的乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝的聚丙烯酸烷基酯或聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝的丙烯酸酯/丁二烯共聚物、及其与6)中所列共聚物的混合物,例如称为ABS、MBS、ASA或AES聚合物的共聚物的混合物。
8.含卤素的聚合物,例如聚氯丁二烯、氯化橡胶、异丁烯-异戊二烯的氯化或溴化共聚物(卤丁橡胶)、氯化或氯磺化聚乙烯、乙烯和氯化乙烯的共聚物、表氯醇均聚物及共聚物,尤其是含卤素的乙烯基化合物的聚合物,例如聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯;及其共聚物如氯乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯或偏二氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。
9.衍生自α,β-不饱和酸及其衍生物的聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺和聚丙烯腈,其用丙烯酸丁酯进行抗冲击改性。
10.9.)中所提及的单体彼此之间的共聚物或与其他不饱和单体的共聚物,例如丙烯腈/丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷氧基烷基酯或丙烯腈/乙烯基卤共聚物或丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯/丁二烯三元共聚物。
11.衍生自不饱和醇及胺或其酰基衍生物或缩醛的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚硬脂酸乙烯酯、聚苯甲酸乙烯酯、聚马来酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚邻苯二甲酸烯丙基酯或聚烯丙基三聚氰胺;及其与上述1.)中所提及的烯烃的共聚物。
12.环醚的均聚物和共聚物,例如聚亚烷基二醇、聚氧化乙烯、聚氧化丙烯或其与二缩水甘油基醚的共聚物。
13.聚缩醛如聚甲醛和含有氧化乙烯作为共聚单体的那些聚甲醛;用热塑性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯或MBS改性的聚缩醛。
14.聚苯醚和聚苯硫醚、以及聚苯醚与苯乙烯聚合物或聚酰胺的混合物。
15.聚氨酯,其一方面衍生自羟基封端的聚醚、聚酯或聚丁二烯,另一方面衍生自脂族或芳族多异氰酸酯及其前体。
16.聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,其衍生自二胺和二羧酸和/或衍生自氨基羧酸或相应内酰胺,例如聚酰胺4、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺6/6、6/10、6/9、6/12、4/6、12/12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、由间二甲苯二胺和己二酸获得的芳族聚酰胺;在存在或不存在作为改性剂的弹性体下由六亚甲基二胺与间苯二甲酸和/或对苯二甲酸制备的聚酰胺,例如聚-2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基对苯二甲酰胺或聚间亚苯基间苯二甲酰胺;以及上述聚酰胺与聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、离聚物或化学键合或接枝的弹性体的嵌段共聚物;或与聚醚,例如与聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四亚甲基二醇的嵌段共聚物;以及用EPDM或ABS改性的聚酰胺或共聚酰胺;以及在加工过程中缩合的聚酰胺(RIM聚酰胺体系)。
17.聚脲、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚乙内酰脲和聚苯并咪唑。
18.聚酯,其衍生自二羧酸和二醇和/或衍生自羟基羧酸或相应的内酯或交酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚-1,4-二羟甲基环己烷对苯二甲酸酯、聚萘二甲酸亚烷基酯和聚羟基苯甲酸酯以及衍生自羟基封端聚醚的共聚醚酯;以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的聚酯。共聚酯可包括,例如(但不限于):聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸四亚甲基酯/对苯二甲酸四亚甲基酯、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯/己二酸丁二醇酯、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯/碳酸酯、聚-3-羟基丁酸酯/3-羟基辛酸酯共聚物、聚-3-羟基丁酸酯/3-羟基己酸酯/3-羟基癸酸酯三元共聚物。此外,脂族聚酯可包括,例如(但不限于):聚(羟基链烷酸酯)类,尤其为聚丙内酯、聚丁内酯、聚新戊内酯、聚戊内酯和聚己内酯、聚琥珀酸乙二醇酯、聚琥珀酸丙二醇酯、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯、聚琥珀酸六亚甲基酯、聚己二酸乙二醇酯、聚己二酸丙二醇酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸六亚甲基酯、聚草酸乙二醇酯、聚草酸丙二醇酯、聚草酸丁二醇酯、聚草酸六亚甲基酯、聚癸二酸乙二醇酯、聚癸二酸丙二醇酯、聚癸二酸丁二醇酯及聚乳酸(PLA)以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的相应聚酯。术语“聚乳酸(PLA)”表示优选为聚-L-丙交酯的均聚物及其与其他聚合物的任何共混物或合金;乳酸或丙交酯与其他单体的共聚物,所述其他单体例如羟基羧酸如乙醇酸、3-羟基丁酸、4-羟基丁酸、4-羟基戊酸、5-羟基戊酸、6-羟基己酸及其环状形式;术语“乳酸”或“丙交酯”包括L-乳酸、D-乳酸、其混合物及二聚物,即L-丙交酯、D-丙交酯、内消旋丙交酯及其任何混合物。
19.聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯。
20.聚酮。
21.聚砜、聚醚砜和聚醚酮。
22.交联聚合物,其一方面衍生自醛,另一方面衍生自酚类、脲类和三聚氰胺类,例如苯酚/甲醛树脂、尿素/甲醛树脂及三聚氰胺/甲醛树脂。
23.干性和非干性醇酸树脂。
24.不饱和聚酯树脂,其衍生自饱和和不饱和二羧酸与多元醇以及作为交联剂的乙烯基化合物的共聚酯,及其低可燃性的含卤改性产物。
25.可交联丙烯酸系树脂,其衍生自取代的丙烯酸酯,例如丙烯酸环氧酯、氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯或聚酯丙烯酸酯。
26.用蜜胺树脂、尿素树脂、异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、多异氰酸酯或环氧树脂交联的醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂和丙烯酸酯树脂。
27.交联环氧树脂,其衍生自脂族、脂环族、杂环族或芳族缩水甘油基化合物,例如双酚A及双酚F的二缩水甘油醚的产物,其在存在或不存在促进剂下使用常规硬化剂如酸酐或胺交联。
28.天然聚合物例如纤维素、橡胶、明胶及其化学改性的同系衍生物,例如乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素和丁酸纤维素,或纤维素醚,例如甲基纤维素;以及松香及其衍生物。
29.上述聚合物的共混物(聚合物共混物),例如PP/EPDM、聚酰胺/EPDM或ABS、PVC/EVA、PVC/ABS、PVC/MBS、PC/ABS、PBTP/ABS、PC/ASA、PC/PBT、PVC/CPE、PVC/丙烯酸酯、POM/热塑性PUR、PC/热塑性PUR、POM/丙烯酸酯、POM/MBS、PPO/HIPS、PPO/PA6,6及共聚物、PA/HDPE、PA/PP、PA/PPO、PBT/PC/ABS或PBT/PET/PC。
30.天然和合成的有机材料,其为纯单体化合物或这些化合物的混合物,例如矿物油、动物和植物脂肪、油和蜡、或基于合成酯(例如邻苯二甲酸酯、己二酸酯、磷酸酯或偏苯三酸酯)的油、脂肪和蜡、以及合成酯与矿物油的任意重量比的混合物,典型地为用作纺丝组合物的那些、以及这些材料的水性乳液。
31.天然或合成橡胶的水性乳液,例如天然胶乳或羧化苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物的胶乳。
式(I)化合物可以相对于有机材料的重量优选为0.005-20%,特别是0.01-2%或0.05-1%的量存在于有机材料,优选聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯、苯乙烯类聚合物或聚氯乙烯中。
式(I)的稳定剂可通过已知方法掺入待稳定的有机材料中,例如在成型之前或之中,或通过将溶解或分散的稳定剂施加至有机材料,需要的话随后蒸发溶剂。所述稳定剂可以以包含例如2.5-25重量%浓度的所述稳定剂的粉末、颗粒或母料形式添加至有机材料中。
根据本发明稳定的有机材料可以以宽范围的形式使用,例如作为膜、纤维、带、模塑组合物、型材或作为油漆、胶粘剂或油灰的基料。
在一个实施方案中,所述组合物为涂料组合物,即适于涂布目的的有机材料。所述组合物可为溶剂基的或水基的。有机溶剂的典型实例为脂族、芳族或脂环族烃、醇、二醇、酯、乙酸酯和酮。在另一实施方案中,所述组合物为汽车涂料组合物。
所述涂料组合物优选为漆,特别是用于涂布汽车的烘干漆(汽车整饰漆),例如包含醇酸/蜜胺树脂和醇酸/丙烯酸类/蜜胺树脂的烘干漆(参见H.Wagner和H.F.Sarx,“Lackkunstharze”(1977),第99-123页)。其他交联剂包括甘脲树脂、封闭型异氰酸酯或环氧树脂。
所述涂料组合物也可包含环氧、环氧-聚酯、乙烯基、醇酸、丙烯酸类和聚酯树脂,其任选经硅、异氰酸酯或异氰脲酸酯改性(非酸催化的热固性树脂)。环氧和环氧-聚酯树脂使用常规的交联剂如酸、酸酐或胺交联。相应地,环氧化物可用作在主链结构上具有反应性基团的各种丙烯酸类或聚酯树脂体系的交联剂。
本发明的一种具体涂料组合物为包含烯属不饱和单体或低聚物和多不饱和脂族低聚物的可辐射固化组合物。
本发明的一种具体涂料组合物为粉末涂料组合物。
特别优选的涂料组合物包含至少一种选自2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-羟基二苯基酮和草酰二苯胺的添加剂。
本发明的另一实施方案为包含具有式(I)的化合物和至少一种聚合物的模塑材料。
在所述组合物中,具有式(I)的化合物通常以基于涂料组合物的固含量(聚合物或树脂固体)的重量为0.02-20重量%,优选0.1-10重量%,更优选0.25-5重量%的量存在。
此外,本发明的组合物,特别是涂料组合物可任选包含至少一种其他添加剂;添加剂的实例列在下文中:
1.抗氧化剂
1.1烷基化单酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚、2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二(十八烷基)-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三环己基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚,侧链为线性或支化的壬基酚例如2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十一烷-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十七烷-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十三烷-1'-基)苯酚及其混合物。
1.2.烷硫基甲基苯酚,例如2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2,6-二(十二烷硫基)甲基-4-壬基苯酚。
1.3.氢醌类和烷基化氢醌类,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚、2,5-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔戊基氢醌、2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚、硬脂酸3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯酯、己二酸双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)酯。
1.4.生育酚类,例如α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚及其混合物(维生素E)。
1.5.羟基化硫代二苯醚,例如2,2'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代双(4-辛基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代双(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚)、4,4'-双(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫醚。
1.6.亚烷基双酚,例如2,2'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)苯酚]、2,2'-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚乙基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚乙基双(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亚甲基双[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基酚]、2,2'-亚甲基双[6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基酚]、4,4'-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、4,4'-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、2,6-双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚、1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、乙二醇双[3,3-双(3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基苯基)丁酸酯]、双(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)二环戊二烯、双[2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]对苯二甲酸酯、1,1-双(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯基)丁烷、2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、1,1,5,5-四(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷。
1.7.O-、N-和S-苄基化合物,例如3,5,3',5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-二羟基二苄基醚、4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸十八烷基酯、4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基巯基乙酸十三烷基酯、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺、双(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)二硫代对苯二甲酸酯、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸异辛基酯。
1.8.羟基苄基化丙二酸酯,例如2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-2-羟基苄基)丙二酸二(十八烷基)酯、2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸二(十八烷基)酯、2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸二(十二烷基巯基乙基)酯、双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯。
1.9.芳族羟基苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,4-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚。
1.10.三嗪衍生物,例如2,4-双(辛基巯基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)-六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯。
1.11.苄基膦酸酯,例如2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二甲酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二乙酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二(十八烷基)酯、5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸二(十八烷基)酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸的单乙酯的钙盐。
1.12.酰氨基苯酚类,例如4-羟基月桂酰替苯胺、4-羟基硬脂酰替苯胺、N-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯。
1.13.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与如下一元醇或多元醇的酯:例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
1.14.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与如下一元醇或多元醇的酯:例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷、3,9-双[2-{3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基}-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷的酯。
1.15.β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与如下一元醇或多元醇的酯:例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
1.16.3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸与如下一元醇或多元醇的酯:例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N'-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
1.17.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如N,N'-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二胺、N,N'-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)三亚甲基二胺、N,N'-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼、N,N'-双[2-(3-[3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基]丙酰氧基)乙基]草酰胺(XL-1,由Uniroyal提供)。
1.18.抗坏血酸(维生素C)。
1.19.胺类抗氧化剂,例如N,N'-二异丙基对苯二胺、N,N'-二仲丁基对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1,4-二甲基戊基)对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)对苯二胺、N,N'-双(1-甲基庚基)对苯二胺、N,N'-二环己基对苯二胺、N,N'-二苯基对苯二胺、N,N'-双(2-萘基)对苯二胺、N-异丙基-N'-苯基对苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺、N-环己基-N'-苯基对苯二胺、4-(对甲苯胺磺酰基)二苯胺、N,N'-二甲基-N,N'-二仲丁基对苯二胺、二苯胺、N-烯丙基二苯胺、4-异丙氧基二苯胺、N-苯基-1-萘基胺、N-(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-萘基胺、N-苯基-2-萘基胺、辛基化二苯胺如p,p'-二叔辛基二苯胺、4-正丁基氨基苯酚、4-丁酰基氨基苯酚、4-壬酰基氨基苯酚、4-十二烷酰基氨基苯酚、4-十八烷酰基氨基苯酚、双(4-甲氧基苯基)胺、2,6-二叔丁基-4-二甲基氨基甲基苯酚、2,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、1,2-双[(2-甲基苯基)氨基]乙烷、1,2-双(苯基氨基)丙烷、邻甲苯基双胍、双[4-(1',3'-二甲基丁基)苯基]胺、叔辛基化N-苯基-1-萘基胺、单-和二-烷基化叔丁基二苯胺/叔辛基二苯胺的混合物、单-和二-烷基化壬基二苯胺的混合物、单-和二-烷基化十二烷基二苯胺的混合物、单-和二-烷基化异丙基二苯胺/异己基二苯胺的混合物、单-和二-烷基化叔丁基二苯胺的混合物、2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基-4H-1,4-苯并噻嗪、吩噻嗪、单-和二-烷基化叔丁基吩噻嗪/叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、单-和二-烷基化叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、N-烯丙基吩噻嗪、N,N,N',N'-四苯基-1,4-二氨基丁-2-烯。
2.UV吸收剂和光稳定剂
2.1.2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑类,例如2-(2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-仲丁基-5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二叔戊基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-十二烷基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基苯并三唑、2,2'-亚甲基双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚];2-[3'-叔丁基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2'-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯交换产物;其中R=3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基-5'-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基、2-[2'-羟基-3'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑;2-[2'-羟基-3'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑、6-丁基-2-[2-羟基-3-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)-5-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-吡咯并[3,4-f]苯并三唑-5,7(2H,6H)-二酮。
2.2.2-羟基二苯甲酮类,例如4-羟基、4-甲氧基、4-辛氧基、4-癸氧基、4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2',4'-三羟基和2'-羟基-4,4'-二甲氧基衍生物。
2.3.取代和未取代苯甲酸的酯,例如水杨酸4-叔丁基苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸辛基苯酯、二苯甲酰间苯二酚、双(4-叔丁基苯甲酰)间苯二酚、苯甲酰间苯二酚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2,4-二叔丁基苯酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4,6-二叔丁基苯酯。
2.4.丙烯酸酯类,例如α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯、α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯、α-甲酯基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸丁酯、α-甲酯基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯、N-(β-甲酯基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚、四(α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸新戊基酯。
2.5.镍化合物,例如2,2'-硫代双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]的镍配合物,例如1:1或1:2配合物,其具有或不具有其他配体如正丁胺、三乙醇胺或N-环己基二乙醇胺,二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍,4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基膦酸的单烷基酯如甲酯或乙酯的镍盐,酮肟如2-羟基-4-甲基苯基十一烷基酮肟的镍配合物,1-苯基-4-月桂酰基-5-羟基吡唑的镍配合物,其具有或不具有其他配体。
2.6.其他位阻胺,例如双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)正丁基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸酯、1-(2-羟乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸的缩合物、N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺与4-叔辛基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合物、三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)次氮基三乙酸酯、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四甲酸酯、1,1'-(1,2-亚乙基)-双(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮)、4-苯甲酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、4-硬脂氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-2-正丁基-2-(2-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基)丙二酸酯、3-正辛基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸-2,4-二酮、双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)癸二酸酯、双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、N,N'-双-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺与4-吗啉基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合物、2-氯-4,6-双(4-正丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪与1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物、2-氯-4,6-二(4-正丁基氨基-1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪与1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物、8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2,4-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、4-十六烷氧基-和4-硬脂氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的混合物、N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺与4-环己基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合物、1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷与2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS登记号[136504-96-6]);1,6-己二胺与2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及N,N-二丁胺与4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS登记号[192268-64-7]);N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺、N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺、2-十一烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺[4,5]癸烷、7,7,9,9-四甲基-2-环十一烷基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺[4,5]癸烷与表氯醇的反应产物、1,1-双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基氧基羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙烯、N,N'-双甲酰基-N,N'-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺、4-甲氧基亚甲基丙二酸与1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶的二酯、聚[甲基丙基-3-氧基-4-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)]硅氧烷、马来酸酐-α-烯烃共聚物与2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氨基哌啶或1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶的反应产物、2,4-双[N-(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)-N-丁基氨基]-6-(2-羟乙基)氨基-1,3,5-三嗪、1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙氧基)-4-十八烷酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、5-(2-乙基己酰基)氧基甲基-3,3,5-三甲基-2-吗啉酮、Sanduvor(Clariant;CAS登记号[106917-31-1])、5-(2-乙基己酰基)氧基甲基-3,3,5-三甲基-2-吗啉酮、2,4-双[(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-哌啶-4-基)丁基氨基]-6-氯-s-三嗪与N,N'-双(3-氨基丙基)乙二胺)的反应产物、1,3,5-三(N-环己基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌嗪-3-酮-4-基)氨基)-s-三嗪、1,3,5-三(N-环己基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌嗪-3-酮-4-基)氨基)-s-三嗪。
2.7.草酰胺,例如4,4'-二辛氧基草酰二苯胺、2,2'-二乙氧基草酰二苯胺、2,2'-二辛氧基-5,5'-二叔丁基草酰二苯胺、2,2'-二(十二烷氧基)-5,5'-二叔丁基草酰二苯胺、2-乙氧基-2'-乙基草酰二苯胺、N,N'-双(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰胺、2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2'-乙基草酰二苯胺及其与2-乙氧基-2'-乙基-5,4'-二叔丁基草酰二苯胺的混合物、邻-和对-甲氧基二取代草酰二苯胺的混合物以及邻-和对-乙氧基二取代草酰二苯胺的混合物。
2.8.2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪类,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(4-[2-乙基己氧基]-2-羟基苯基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪。
3.金属减活剂,例如N,N'-二苯基草酰胺、N-水杨醛-N'-水杨酰肼、N,N'-双(水杨酰)肼、N,N'-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)肼、3-水杨酰氨基-1,2,4-三唑、双(亚苄基)草酰二肼、草酰二苯胺、间苯二甲酰二肼、癸二酰双苯基肼、N,N'-二乙酰己二酰二肼、N,N'-双(水杨酰)草酰二肼、N,N'-双(水杨酰)硫代丙酰二肼。
4.亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯,例如亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯、亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三月桂基酯、亚磷酸三(十八烷基)酯、二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、二异癸基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二枯基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、二异癸氧基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4,6-三(叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、三硬脂基山梨糖醇三亚磷酸酯、4,4'-亚联苯基二亚膦酸四(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、6-异辛氧基-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12H-二苯并[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂八环、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲酯、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙酯、6-氟-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12-甲基二苯并[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂八环、2,2',2”-次氮基[三乙基三(3,3',5,5'-四叔丁基-1,1'-联苯-2,2'-二基)亚磷酸酯]、(3,3',5,5'-四叔丁基-1,1'-联苯-2,2'-二基)亚磷酸2-乙基己酯、5-丁基-5-乙基-2-(2,4,6-三叔丁基苯氧基)-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂环丙烷(dioxaphosphirane)。
尤其优选如下亚磷酸酯:亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168,CibaSpecialtyChemicalsInc.)、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯,
5.羟胺,例如N,N-二苄基羟胺、N,N-二乙基羟胺、N,N-二辛基羟胺、N,N-二月桂基羟胺、N,N-二(十四烷基)羟胺、N,N-二(十六烷基)羟胺、N,N-二(十八烷基)羟胺、N-十六烷基-N-十八烷基羟胺、N-十七烷基-N-十八烷基羟胺、衍生自氢化牛油脂肪胺的N,N-二烷基羟胺。
6.硝酮,例如N-苄基-α-苯基硝酮、N-乙基-α-甲基硝酮、N-辛基-α-庚基硝酮、N-月桂基-α-十一烷基硝酮、N-十四烷基-α-十三烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十七烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十六烷基硝酮、衍生自N,N-二烷基羟胺(衍生自氢化牛油脂肪胺)的硝酮。
7.硫代协合剂,例如硫代二丙酸二月桂基酯、硫代二丙酸二肉豆蔻基酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂基酯或二硬脂基二硫醚。
8.过氧化物清除剂,例如β-硫代二丙酸的酯,例如月桂基酯、硬脂基酯、肉豆蔻基酯或十三烷基酯、巯基苯并咪唑或2-巯基苯并咪唑的锌盐、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二(十八烷基)二硫醚、季戊四醇四(β-十二烷基巯基)丙酸酯。
9.聚酰胺稳定剂,例如与碘和/或磷化合物组合的铜盐和二价锰盐。
10.碱性共稳定剂,例如三聚氰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、双氰胺、氰脲酸三烯丙基酯、脲衍生物、肼衍生物、胺、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、高级脂肪酸的碱金属盐和碱土金属盐,例如硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、山萮酸镁、硬脂酸镁、蓖麻醇酸钠和棕榈酸钾、焦儿茶酸锑或焦儿茶酸锌。
11.成核剂,例如无机物质如滑石,金属氧化物如二氧化钛或氧化镁,优选碱土金属的磷酸盐、碳酸盐或硫酸盐;有机化合物如单-或聚羧酸及其盐,例如4-叔丁基苯甲酸、己二酸、二苯基乙酸、琥珀酸钠或苯甲酸钠;聚合化合物如离子共聚物(离聚物)。尤其优选为1,3:2,4-双(3',4'-二甲基亚苄基)山梨糖醇、1,3:2,4-二(对甲基二亚苄基)山梨糖醇和1,3:2,4-二(亚苄基)山梨糖醇。
12.填料和增强剂,例如碳酸钙、硅酸盐、玻璃纤维、玻璃珠、石棉、滑石、高岭土、云母、硫酸钡、金属氧化物和氢氧化物、炭黑、石墨、木粉和其他天然产物的粉或纤维、合成纤维。
13.其他添加剂,例如增塑剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、颜料、流变添加剂、催化剂、流动调节剂、荧光增白剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂。
14.苯并呋喃酮类和吲哚满酮类,例如US4,325,863、US4,338,244、US5,175,312、US5,216,052、US5,252,643、DE-A-4316611、DE-A-4316622、DE-A-4316876、EP-A-0589839、EP-A-0591102、EP-A-1291384中所公开的那些,或3-[4-(2-乙酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、5,7-二叔丁基-3-[4-(2-硬脂酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]苯并呋喃-2-酮、3,3’-双[5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-[2-羟基乙氧基]苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮]、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-乙氧基苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(4-乙酰氧基-3,5-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,5-二甲基-4-新戊酰氧基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(2,3-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(2-乙酰基-5-异辛基苯基)-5-异辛基苯并呋喃-2-酮。
式(I)化合物与常规添加剂总量的重量比可为例如100:1-1:1000或10:1-1:100或10:1-1:10。
特别优选在上文2.6中所列出的位阻胺。
本发明的又一实施方案为一种稳定有机材料以防由光、热或氧化所诱导的降解的方法,其包括将上文所定义的式(I)化合物掺入有机材料中。
本发明的另一实施方案为具有式(I)的化合物作为光稳定剂或者用于在基材上制备涂层的用途。
在基材上制备涂层优选包括将上述涂料组合物施加至基材上。将涂料组合物施加至基材上通过常规方法进行,优选通过刷涂、喷涂、倾倒、浸涂或电沉积进行(还参见Ullmann’sEncyclopediaofIndustrialChemistry,第5版,第A18卷,第491-500页)。
基材优选选自下层涂层(在下文中称为“基材涂层”)或选自金属、金属合金、木材、塑料和陶瓷。
基材涂层可由一个或多个涂层组成,优选由1-5个层组成。优选地,基材涂层包含至少一种树脂和至少一种颜料。
本发明的一个方面为汽车涂层,其包含金属基材和包含如下的涂层:
a)电沉积至金属基材上的底漆涂层;
b)至少一个与底漆涂层直接接触的着色底涂层,和
c)与着色底涂层直接接触且包含具有式(I)的化合物的透明涂层。
优选地,所述汽车涂层(优选涂层c))进一步包含至少一种选自2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-羟基二苯基酮和草酰二苯胺或其组合的添加剂。
根据本发明稳定的材料可通过例如如下方法之一或其组合而处理或转换:注射吹塑模塑、挤出、吹塑模塑、滚塑、模内装饰(反向注射)、涂凝模塑、注射模塑、共注射模塑、成型、压缩模塑、压制、膜挤出(浇浇铸膜;吹塑膜)、纤维纺丝(织造、非织造)、拉伸(单轴、双轴)、退火、深拉、压延、机械转换、烧结、共挤出、涂布、层压、交联(辐射、过氧化物、硅烷)、气相沉积、焊接在一起、胶接、硫化、热成型、管材挤出、型材挤出、片材挤出;片材浇铸、旋涂、搭接、发泡、再循环/重新加工、挤出涂布、减粘裂化(过氧化物、热)、纤维熔喷、纺丝粘合、表面处理(电晕放电、火焰、等离子)、灭菌(借助γ射线、电子束)、浇铸聚合(R&M方法、RAM挤出)、凝胶涂布、带挤出、GMT方法、SMC方法、增塑溶胶和浸涂(PVC、乳胶)。
本发明组合物可用于制备如下装置:
I-1)漂浮装置、航海用具、浮筒、浮标、甲板用塑料木材、防波堤、船、皮艇、桨和海滩加固物。
I-2)汽车用具,特别是保险杠、仪表板、电池、后和前衬板、在引擎盖下的模制品部分、帽架、车厢衬板、车内衬板、气囊包、配件(照明)用的电子模制品、仪表板用的窗格、头灯玻璃、仪器板、车外衬板、车内装饰、汽车照明、头灯、边灯、尾灯、停车灯、车内外装饰;门板;油箱;前侧装配玻璃;后车窗;椅背、外板、电线绝缘物、密封用轮廓挤出物、覆盖层、支柱机盖、底盘零件、排气系统、燃料过滤器/填料、燃油泵、燃料箱、车身模制品、可折叠顶盖、车外后视镜、外部装饰、固着/固定装置、前端模件、玻璃、铰链、车锁系统、行李/车顶架、冲压/模压部件、密封物、防侧撞梁、隔音装置/隔热装置和天窗。
I-3)道路交通装置,特别是信号标识杆、路标、车辆配件、警告三角架、急救箱、安全帽、轮胎。
I-4)飞机、铁道、机动车(汽车、摩托车)用装置,包括装备。
I-5)太空应用的装置,特别是火箭和卫星,例如重返防护罩。
I-6)建筑与设计用装置、采矿用具、静音体系、街道安全岛和庇护所。
II-1)在常规电器/电子设备(个人电脑、电话、手持式电话(handy)、打印机、电视机、影音装置)中的器具、箱子和罩盖、花盆、卫星TV碗和面板装置。
II-2)用于其它材料如钢或织物的护套。
II-3)电子工业用装置,特别是插头用绝缘材料,尤其是电脑插头、电和电子零件用的箱子、印制板和用于电子数据储存的材料如晶片、提款卡或信用卡。
II-4)电器用具,特别是洗衣机、滚筒、烘箱(微波炉)、洗碗机、混合器和熨斗。
II-5)灯(例如街灯、台灯)罩。
II-6)在电线和电缆中的应用(半导体、绝缘体和电缆护套)。
II-7)用于冷凝器、冰箱、加热装置、空气调节机、电子封装、半导体、咖啡机和真空清洁器的箔片。
III-1)科技物品,例如嵌齿轮(齿轮)、滑动配件、垫片、螺丝、螺栓、把手和按钮。
III-2)旋转叶片、通风机和风车轮叶、太阳能装置、游泳池、游泳池盖、泳池衬里、水池衬里、壁橱、衣柜、隔墙板、墙板、折叠墙、屋顶、百叶窗(例如卷帘)、配件、管子之间的连接机构、套管和输送带。
III-3)卫生制品,特别是淋浴隔间、马桶坐圈、马桶盖和水槽。
III-4)卫生用品,特别是尿布(婴儿、成人失禁用)、女性卫生制品、浴帘、浴刷、浴毡、浴盆、移动厕所、牙刷和便盆。
III-5)水、废水和化学品用管道(交叉结合或未交叉结合)、电线与电缆保护用管道、气体、油和污水用管道、排水沟、下流管和排水系统。
III-6)任何几何(窗格)和板壁的型材。
III-7)玻璃代用品,特别是挤出板材、用于建筑物(整体、双壁或多壁)、飞机、学校的装配玻璃、用于建筑装配玻璃、火车、运输、卫生物品和温室的窗膜。
III-8)板(墙壁、砧板)、挤出涂层(相纸、利乐包和管道涂层)、筒仓、木材代替物、塑料木材、木材复合物、墙壁、表面、家具、装潢箔、地板覆盖材料(内用和外用)、地板、沟槽板道和瓷砖。
III-9)进口和出口支管。
III-10)水泥-、混凝土-、复合物应用和盖、板壁和覆盖层、扶手、栏杆、厨房工作台、屋顶、屋面薄面板、瓷砖和防水布。
IV-1)板(墙壁和砧板)、盘子、人工草皮、阿斯特罗特夫尼龙草皮、用于体育馆圆形场地(运动)的人工覆盖物、用于体育馆圆形场地(运动)的人工地板和胶带。
IV-2)织物连续和定长纤维(地毯/卫生用品/土工织物/单丝;过滤器;纸巾/帘(遮光物)/医学应用)、散纤维(应用如睡衣/保护服装)、网、粗绳、电缆、绳、粗线、线、安全带、服装、内衣、手套;长靴;雨靴、贴身内衣、衣服、泳衣、运动装、伞(阳伞、遮阳伞)、降落伞、飞行伞、帆、“气球-丝”、露营用品、帐篷、空气床、日光床、太空包和袋。
IV-3)用于屋顶、隧道、垃圾场、池塘、垃圾场、墙壁屋顶薄膜、土工膜、游泳池、窗帘(遮光物)/太阳防护罩、遮阳篷、遮篷、壁纸、食物包装和包封(柔韧和坚固的)、医用包装(柔性和坚固的)、安全气囊/安全带、臂-和头靠、地毯、中心控制台、仪表板、座舱、门、头顶控制台组件、车门板、汽车顶蓬、内部照明、内部后视镜、包裹架、后行李盖、座位、转向柱、方向盘、纺织物和车厢装饰。
V)薄膜(包装膜、垃圾膜、层压膜、农业和园艺用膜、温室膜、护根膜、隧道膜、青贮膜)、打包包装纸、游泳池用膜、垃圾袋、壁纸、拉伸薄膜、酒椰纤维、脱盐膜、电池和连接器用膜。
VI-1)食物包装和包装材料(柔韧和坚固型)、BOPP、BOPET、瓶。
VI-2)存储体系如箱(板条箱)、皮箱、盒、家用箱、垫板、架子、轨道、螺丝盒、包装和罐子。
VI-3)药筒、注射器、医疗器具、用于任何运输的容器、垃圾篮和垃圾箱、垃圾袋、箱、垃圾箱、箱衬里、轮箱、常规容器、用于水/用后水/化学/气体/油/汽油/柴油的罐;槽衬层、箱、板条箱、电池箱、水槽、医学装置如活塞、眼科用具、诊断装置和药剂泡罩包装。
VII-1)挤出涂层(相纸、利乐包、管面涂层)、任何种类的家庭用品(例如用具、热水瓶/衣架)、紧固系统如插头、电线和电线夹、拉链、密封盒、锁和按扣密封盒。
VII-2)支撑装置,休闲用品如运动和健身装置、体操垫、滑雪靴、直排轮鞋、滑雪板、大脚、运动表面(例如网球场地);用于瓶子和罐子的螺旋盖、盖和木塞。
VII-3)常规家具,泡沫制品(垫子、吸震器)、泡沫体、海绵、抹布、垫、花园椅、体育馆座位、桌子、长椅、玩具、建筑套具(板/外形/球)、剧场、滑梯和游戏车辆。
VII-4)用于光学和磁数据存储的材料。
VII-5)厨房用具(用于吃、喝、烹饪、储存)。
VII-6)用于CD、卡带和录影带的盒子;DVD电子物件、任何种类的办公用品(圆珠笔、图章和印泥、鼠标、架子、轨道)、任何体积和含量的瓶子(饮料、洗涤剂、包括香水的化妆品)和胶带。
VII-7)鞋类(鞋/鞋底)、鞋垫、护脚、粘合剂、结构粘着剂、食物(水果、蔬菜、肉、鱼)盒、合成纸、瓶用标签、长椅、人造关节(人类)、印刷版(苯胺印刷)、印刷电路板和显示技术。
VII-8)填充聚合物(滑石、粉笔、陶土(高岭土)、硅酸钙岩矿、颜料、炭黑、TiO2、云母、纳米复合材料、白云石、硅石、硅酸盐、玻璃、石棉)的装置。
具有式(I)的化合物可通过本领域技术人员所已知的任何方法制备。合适的方法包括下文所示的步骤a)、b)、c)和d)(R1、A和R2如上文所定义):
步骤a)的合适方法描述于例如EP0825182A1、EP0004104A2、DE2910761A1、DE2621841A1和DE2630798A1中。
步骤b)的合适方法描述于例如EP225850A、EP0290387A、J.Org.Chem.27(1962)第1695-1703页和US6,353,107中。
步骤c)的合适方法包括(III)与相应环氧化物的反应。所述反应描述于例如EP0225850或US4001190中。
步骤d)的合适方法包括通过(IV)与羧酸酯,优选与甲酯或张力(strained)酯如环酯(内酯)反应而进行的酯交换,其中环张力的释放提供了酯交换的驱动力。酯交换的优选催化剂为异丙醇钛(IV)、1,3-二乙酰氧基-1,1,3,3-四丁基二锡氧烷、三氯化铝、四氯化钛、四氟化硼、四氯化锡、二氯化锌、三溴化铝、二氯化锡、三氯化硼、氧化二丁锡、醇铝和醇钛及其混合物。优选醇铝和醇钛。特别优选醇钛及其混合物(例如原钛酸四丁酯和原钛酸四异丙酯)、三异丙醇铝以及钛酸酯与铝酸酯的混合物。
或者,可将羧酸的活化衍生物如酰氯和酸酐用于步骤d)中。所述反应方便地在碱的存在下进行。合适的碱为氮碱如咪唑,或对二烷基氨基吡啶衍生物如对二甲基氨基吡啶。
本发明的化合物可包含少量(例如小于10重量%,小于5重量%,小于1重量%)的相应单酯。希望的话,可通过常规方法,例如通过色谱法分离单酯和二酯。
下文实施例阐述本发明而非对本发明加以限制。除非另有说明,否则所有百分比和份数均以重量计。
实施例
实施例1:2,2-二甲基丙酸2-[4-(2,2-二甲基丙酰氧基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶基]乙酯(化合物1)
向1L三颈烧瓶中装入53.8g(0.27mol)1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇(下文称为“HE-HTMP”)和THF(100g)。然后将烧瓶连接至旋转蒸发器,在常压下蒸出30mlTHF(和存在的话,任何水)。然后将烧瓶与旋转蒸发器分离,将吡啶(67.0g,0.85mol)添加至烧瓶中。
在冷却至约30℃后,在15分钟内将处于THF(40ml)中的新戊酰氯(68.30g,0.57mol)的溶液添加至冷却(15-20℃)的烧瓶中。在添加酰氯期间形成粘性悬浮液。在控制HE-HTMP的完全转化后,添加水(4.5ml),并将混合物再搅拌1小时以分解过量的新戊酰氯。然后在旋转蒸发器上从反应混合物中移除溶剂,并将残余物溶于二氯甲烷(300ml)中。用稀氯化氢(40g的8%溶液)、稀氢氧化钠(260g的1%溶液)和水(250g)洗涤该溶液。在干燥(Na2SO4)后,在旋转蒸发器上移除溶剂,从而留下呈无色结晶残余物的粗产物。
将该物质和以类似方式实施的批次的物质(获自0.395molHE-HTMP)合并,真空蒸馏,从而获得125.8g呈无色晶体的产物(基于HE-HTMP,51%产率)。
沸点=145℃,9·10-3毫巴
熔点=85℃
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz),δ1.06,1.14(2s,各自6H,CH3,H-5,H-5’);1.15,1.17(2s,各自9H,CH3,H-10,H-10’);1.40(“tr”,2H,H-3),1.77(“dd”,2H,H-3’);2.63(“dd”,2H,H-6);3.91(m,2H,H-7);5.00(“trtr”,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz),δ22.28,33.60C-5,C-5’;27.06,27.21C-10,C-10’;38.55,38.64C-9,C-9’;41.77C-6;45.40C-3;55.66C-2;66.64C-7;67.04C-4;178.14,178.52C-8,C-8’。
实施例2:3,5,5-三甲基己酸2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-[2-(3,5,5-三甲基己酰氧基)-乙基]-哌啶-4-基酯(化合物2)
在250ml夹套容器上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计、气体进口管、恒压滴液漏斗、迪安-斯达克装置和回流冷凝器。将冷凝器的出口连接至气体吸收剂以捕集反应中所形成的氯化氢。
检查烧瓶的气密性,然后装入HE-HTMP(50.3g,0.25mol)和二甲苯异构体混合物(114.9g)。在迪安-斯达克装置的储器中装入二甲苯异构体混合物,并将氮气的缓慢流(调节至约0.2L/小时)引导通过气体进口管,从而进入反应器中的悬浮液中。将所述混合物在回流下加热(140℃,外套温度165℃),并经由迪安-斯达克装置移除任何痕量的水。
然后在回流下经由滴液漏斗以使得可控制所形成氯化氢的产生速率的方式添加3,5,5-三甲基己酰氯(86.6g,0.49mol)。在酰氯添加结束后,初始形成的悬浮液变成浅黄色溶液,将其在回流下再加热1小时,然后冷却至80℃。在用水(200ml)、碳酸钠(两次50g的碳酸钠于水中的10%溶液,两次100g的碳酸钠于水中的5%溶液)洗涤后,在旋转蒸发器(初始100毫巴,80℃,至最终0.3毫巴,80℃)上移除溶剂和残余的水,从而留下呈浅黄色油状液体的产物(112.0g,基于HE-HTMP为93%)。
NMR:HSQC(CDCl3,RT,400MHz)δ1H/δ13C1.02,22.20(H,C-14);1.02/22.68,0.91/22.80(H,C-5/H,C-5’);1.96,27.03/27.07(H,C-10/H,C-10’);0.84/30.01,30.04C-13,C-13’;31.05(C-12,C-12’);1.09,33.79(H,C-5”/H,C-5”’);2.61,41.95(H,C-6);2.03,43.99/2.20,44.28(H,C-9/H,C-9’);1.36,45.71/1.73,45.74(H,C-3/H,C-3’);1.18,50.52/1.05,50.54(H,C-11/H,C-11’);55.76(C-2);3.88,66.38(H,C-7);5.00,67.06(H,C-4);172.58/172.85(C-8/C-8’)。
实施例3:2-乙基己酸2-[4-(2-乙基己酰氧基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基]-乙酯(化合物3)
在250ml夹套容器上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计、气体进口管、恒压滴液漏斗、迪安-斯达克装置和回流冷凝器。将冷凝器的出口连接至气体吸收剂以捕集反应中所形成的氯化氢。
检查烧瓶的气密性,然后装入HE-HTMP(45.0g,0.224mol)和二甲苯异构体混合物(132.4g)。向迪安-斯达克装置的储器中装入二甲苯异构体混合物,且将氮气的缓慢流(调节至约0.2L/小时)引导通过气体进口管,从而进入反应器中的悬浮液中。将所述混合物在回流(155℃,外套温度165℃)下加热,蒸出约5ml二甲苯以移除任何残余的痕量水。然后在回流下经由滴液漏斗以使得可控制所形成氯化氢的产生速率的方式添加2-乙基己酰氯(72.7g,0.447mol)。在酰氯添加结束后,初始形成的悬浮液变成浅黄色溶液,将其在回流下再加热4小时,然后冷却至20℃。
用碳酸钠溶液(两次60g的碳酸钠于水中的10%溶液)和水(直至水层的pH为中性且在有机层中不可检测到任何氯化物为止;八次100g水)洗涤所述溶液。在第7次和第8次洗涤后如下文所述进行氯化物的检查:将约0.5g有机层溶于10ml冰乙酸中并添加数滴5%硝酸银水溶液。当混合物保持澄清时,认为有机相“不含氯化物”)。然后分离有机层,并在旋转蒸发器(初始100毫巴,80℃,至最终30毫巴,80℃)上移除二甲苯。在高真空(170℃,10-3毫巴)下移除最后的痕量二甲苯,从而留下呈淡黄色油状液体的产物(83.2g,基于HE-HTMP为82%产率)。
NMR:HSQC(CDCl3,RT,400MHz)δ1H,δ13C0.84,11.73/11.78(H,C-15/C15’);0.83,13.85/13.87(H,C-13/C-13’);1.04,22.09(H,C-5);1.24,22.54(H,C-12/C-12’);1.44/25.44,1.54/25.43(H,C-14/C-14’);1.20,29.49/29.59(H,C-11/C-11’);1.39/31.70,1.54,/31.72(H,C-10/C-10’);1.11,33.67(H,C-5’);1.37,1.76/45.64(H,C-3);2.62,41.86(H,C-6);2.17,47.18/47.31(C-9,C-9’);55.66(C-2);3.92,66.30(H,C-7);5.02,66.86(H,C-4);175.87/176.20(C-8/C-8’)。
实施例4:十八酸2-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-十八酰氧基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物4)
在1.5L夹套烧瓶上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和具有回流冷凝器的迪安-斯达克装置。向该烧瓶中装入二甲苯(435g,异构体混合物)和HE-HTMP(100.6g,0.5mol)。将所述混合物在回流下加热以经由迪安-斯达克装置以共沸方式移除任何存在的水。然后将温度降至100℃,并添加硬脂酸甲酯(316.5g,1.03mol)和原钛酸四丁酯(0.102g,0.3mmol)。在回流下加热该混合物共8小时(中断60h),然后在温热下转移至烧瓶中。在旋转蒸发器上移除溶剂,并将产物的剩余熔体倾至甲醇(约1L)中。在环境温度下静置过夜后,滤出结晶的产物并用甲醇(约400ml)洗涤。在干燥后,获得无色晶体(218.6g,59.5%)。
13C-NMR(APT,CDCl3,100MHz,RT)δ14.07(C-25,C-25’);22.13(C-5);22.65(C-24,C-24’);24.92,24.97(C-10,C-10’);26.09,29.14,29.24(2C),29.33(2C),29.43,29.44,29.58(2C),29.62(2C),29.63(2C),29.65(2C),29.66-29.68(8C),(C10-C22,C-10’-C22’);31.90(C-23,C-23’),33.70(C-5’),34.21,34.61(C-9,C-9’);41.89(C-6);45.62(C3);55.73(C-2);66.45(C-7);67.10(C-4),173.41,173.68(C-8,C-8’)。
实施例5:十六酸2-(4-十六酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物5)
在250ml夹套容器上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计、气体进口管、恒压滴液漏斗、迪安-斯达克装置和回流冷凝器。
向烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(16.1g,80mmol)、Petrol(80g)(“Petrol”是沸程为150-190℃的烷烃的无芳基混合物)和棕榈酸甲酯(42.6g,158mmol)。向迪安-斯达克装置中装入Petrol(30g),然后将所述混合物在回流(外套温度190℃)下加热并蒸出约30ml的Petrol以移除任何残余的痕量水。然后将所述混合物冷却至100℃,并添加三异丙醇铝(0.32g,1.57mmol,1mol%)。将所述混合物再次在回流(外套温度190℃)下加热,并保持搅拌7小时。然后施加轻度真空以移除所形成的最后痕量甲醇,最后将所述混合物冷却至环境温度。将冷却的混合物溶于乙醇(250ml)中并在回流下用漂白土漂白约10分钟。在通过过滤移除漂白土后,将产物从滤液结晶出并滤出,用甲醇(约25g)洗涤并干燥,从而获得呈无色晶体的产物(23.0g,44%)。
如下更高效地制备该产物:向安装有锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和下行冷凝器的250ml夹套容器中装入HE-HTMP(50.1g,0.249mol)和棕榈酸甲酯(134.3g,0.497mol)。在151℃下加热该混合物,然后添加原钛酸四丁酯(0.14g,0.4mmol)。将所述混合物在151℃下保持24小时(GC转化率约99%),然后冷却至80℃。然后将反应器的内容物添加至回流甲醇(300g)中。使所得的乳液缓慢冷却并在温度为35℃时加晶种。通过将约1ml的乳液取至试管中并用刮刀刮擦而获得晶种的悬浮液。在冷却至环境温度并再搅拌2小时后,滤出结晶的产物,用甲醇(约100ml)洗涤并在旋转蒸发器上干燥(30℃,6小时),从而获得158.4g无色晶体(理论上为94.1%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.88,0.89(t,各自3H,H-23,H-23’);1.10,1.17(s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.27(m,48H,H-11至H-22,H11’至H-22’);1.43,1.83(t,dd,各自2H,H-3,H-3’);1.63(dq,各自2H,H-11,H-11’);2.28(q,4H,H-9,H-9’);2.69(t,2H,H-6);3.97(t,2H,H-7);5.08(m,1H,H-4)
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT,)δ14.11C23,C-23’;22.17,33.74C-5,C-5’;22.69C-22,C-22’;24.96,25.01C-10,C-10’;29.12-29.69C-11至C-22,C-11’至C-22’;31.93C-21,C-21’;34.27,34.67C-9,C-9’;41.91C-6;45.64C-3;55.77C-2;66.49C-7;67.17C-4。
实施例6:十四酸2-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-十四酰氧基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物6)
在250ml夹套烧瓶上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计、气体进口管和具有回流冷凝器的迪安-斯达克装置。向烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(17.1g,84mmol)、Petrol(80g)(“Petrol”已在上文定义)和月桂酸甲酯(42.4g,171mmol)。将所述混合物在回流(外套温度200℃)下加热,并经由迪安-斯达克装置移除任何残余的水。然后降低温度(外套温度80℃),并添加三异丙醇铝(0.37g,1.8mmol)。然后将所述混合物在回流(外套温度=190℃)下再次加热4小时,然后在略微降低的压力(800毫巴)下在4小时内移除溶剂。剩余的熔融产物(57.4g)为淡褐色油状液体,其在静置时固化。
熔点=42-44℃
还可如下制备该产物:向安装有锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和下行冷凝器的250ml夹套容器中装入HE-HTMP(30.6g,0.15mol)和十四酸甲酯(80.9g,0.33mol)。加热该混合物并在143℃内部温度下添加原钛酸四丁酯(0.178g,0.052mmol)。将外套温度设定为180℃且在内部温度已达到148℃时将混合物保持搅拌23小时。GC样品显示约94%的转化率。因此,将该混合物冷却至80℃,然后添加至回流甲醇(300g)中。使所得的乳液缓慢冷却并在温度为35℃时加晶种。通过将约1ml的乳液取至试管中并用刮刀刮擦而获得晶种的悬浮液。在冷却至环境温度并再搅拌2小时后,滤出结晶的产物,用甲醇(约100ml)洗涤并在旋转蒸发器上干燥(30℃,23毫巴,4小时),从而获得89.8g(基于HE-HTMP为96.2%)无色晶体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.89(t;6H,H-12,H-12’);1.10,1.16(s,12H,H-5,H-5’);1.27(m,40H,H-11至H-20,H-11’至H-20’);1.43(t,2H,H-3);1.62(q,4H,H-10,H-10’);1.82(dd,2H,H-3);2.27,2.29(2t,各自2H,H-9,H-9’);2.69(t,2H,H-6);3.97(t,2H,H-7);5.08(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT)δ14.24,C-21,C-21;22.30C-5,22.82,C-20,C-20’;25.09,25.13C-10,C-10’;29.24,29.29,29.40,29.48,29.59,29.73,29.78,29.80C-11至C-18,C11’至C-18’;32.05C-19,C-19’;33.87C-5’;34.39,34.79C-9,C-9’;42.04C-6;45.78C-3;55.90C-2;66.62C-7;67.28C-4;173.62,173.89C-21,C-21’。
实施例7:十二酸2-(4-十二酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物7)
在夹套250ml烧瓶上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和具有回流冷凝器的迪安-斯达克装置。向烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(17.1g,84mmol)、“Petrol”(78.6g)(“Petrol”已在上文定义)、月桂酸甲酯(38.4g,176mmol)和三异丙醇铝(0.4g,1.96mmol)。将所得的混合物在回流(外套温度190℃)下加热4小时。施加微真空(800毫巴)并再继续加热5小时。在真空下移除溶剂(136℃,0.19毫巴)后通过NMR测得的转化率为95%,获得呈黄色油状物的产物(50.9g,102%),其在室温下缓慢结晶。
还可如下制备该产物:向安装有锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和下行冷凝器的250ml夹套容器中装入HE-HTMP(38.41g,0.191mol)和月桂酸甲酯(86.01g,0.40mol)。加热该混合物并在151℃内部温度下添加原钛酸四丁酯(0.16g,0.47mmol)。将外套温度设定为180℃并将混合物保持搅拌24小时。GC样品显示约99%的转化率。因此,将该混合物冷却至80℃,然后添加至回流甲醇(300g)中。使所得的乳液缓慢冷却并在温度为35℃时加晶种。通过将约1ml的乳液取至试管中并用刮刀刮擦而获得晶种的悬浮液。在冷却至环境温度并再搅拌2小时后,滤出结晶的产物,用甲醇(约100ml)洗涤并在旋转蒸发器上干燥(30℃,23毫巴,6小时),从而获得98.4g(基于HE-HTMP为91.1%)的无色晶体。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.89(tr,6H,H-19,H-19’);1.10,1.16(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.20-1.38(brm,32H,H-11-H-18,H-11’-H-18’);1.43(“tr”,2H,H-3);1.62(m,4H,H-10,H-10’);1.83(“dd”,2H,H-3’);2.28(m,4H,H-9,H-9’);2.68(“tr”,2H,H-6);3.97(“tr”,2H,H-7);5.08(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT)δ14.10(2C,C-19,C-19’);22.16(2C,C-5);22.67(2C,C-18,C-18’);24.95,25.00(2C,C-10,C-10’);29.10(1C),29.16(1C),29.26(2C),29.32(2C),29.44(1C),29.45(1C),29.59(4C)C-11–C16,C-11’-C-16’;31.90(2C,C-17,C-17’);33.732CC-5’;34.26,34.65(C-9,C-9’);41.90(C-6);45.64(C-3);55.76(C-2);64.48(C-7);67.15(C-4);173.50,173.76(C-8,C-8’)。
实施例8:己酸2-(4-己酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物8)
在250ml夹套烧瓶上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和连接至气体吸收剂的回流冷凝器。向该烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(50.14g,0.249mol)和二甲苯(异构体混合物,120g)。在回流下加热该混合物,然后在142℃内部温度下在1小时内添加己酰氯(67.77g,0.503mol)。在开始添加酰氯后不久,反应混合物变成粘性悬浮液,随后再变成液体。在酰氯添加结束后,将所述混合物再在142℃下保持2小时,然后冷却至80℃。然后用碳酸钠溶液(每次50g的10%溶液)和水(40g)将该混合物洗涤两次。在旋转蒸发器上移除二甲苯后,真空蒸馏产物(在0.001毫巴下沸点为190-200℃),从而获得81.5g(82.3%产率)呈无色油状物的产物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.89(t,各自3H,H-13,H-13’);1.08,1.15(s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.32(m,8H,H-11-H-12,H11’-H12’);1.41,1.80(t,q;各自2H,H-3,H-3’);1.61(q,各自2H,H-10,H-10’);2.27(q,4H,H-9,H-9’);2.67(t,2H,H-6);3.95(t,2H,H-7);5.06(m,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT)δ13.88C-13,C-13’;22.15,33.72C-5,C-5’;22.30C-12,C-12’;24.61,24.65C-10,C-10’;31.26,31.61C-11,C-11’;34.19,34.58C-9,C-9’;41.89C-6;45.62C-3;55.75C-2;66.47C-7;67.14C-4;173.45,173.73C-8,C-8’
实施例9:丙酸2-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙酰氧基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物9)
向具有磁力搅拌器、回流冷凝器和恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(100.0g,0.497mol)。用氮气充分吹扫该装置,然后将其浸入140℃的油浴中。然后在75分钟内经由滴液漏斗添加丙酸酐(131.4g,1.011mol)。在添加丙酸酐期间,反应混合物液化,在丙酸酐添加结束后,将所述混合物在150℃下加热90分钟(在90分钟后,气相色谱表明反应结束)。
在旋转蒸发器上从反应混合物中移除丙酸,将残余物倾至含有水(约250ml)和二氯甲烷(约300ml)的烧杯中。用碳酸氢钠将该双相混合物的pH小心地调节至pH=7.0,然后用分液漏斗分离有机层,干燥(硫酸钠)并真空蒸馏。获得呈浅黄色油状物的产物(144.1g,92.6%产率)(沸点120-141℃,5·10-3毫巴至7·10-3毫巴),其在静置时固化。
熔点≈25℃
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.98,1.05(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.01,1.03(2tr,各自3H,J=7.5Hz,H-10,H-10’);1.31(“tr”,2H),1.71(“dd”,2H)H-3,H3’;2.18,2.21(2q,各自2H,H-9,H-9’);2.58(tr,2H,H-6);2.58(tr,2H,H-7);4.96(trtr,J=11.6Hz,J=4.1Hz,1H,H-4)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT)δ8.96,8.97C-10,C-10’;27.28,27.70C-5,C-5’;41.79C-6;45.54C-3;55.63C-2;66.36C-7;67.02C-4;173.76,174.05C-8,C-8’。
实施例10:乙酸2-(4-乙酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基)-乙酯(化合物10)
向具有顶置式搅拌器、回流冷凝器、恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(101.0g,0.502mol)。用氮气充分吹扫所述装置,然后将其浸入130℃的油浴中。然后在约1小时内经由滴液漏斗添加乙酸酐(103.2g,1.011mol)。在添加酸酐期间,反应混合物液化。在乙酸酐添加结束后4小时,如气相色谱法所指示,HE-HTMP的转化率为93%。再在130℃下90分钟后,使反应混合物冷却至室温,用二氯甲烷(约200ml)稀释并倾至水中。用碳酸氢钠将所述双相混合物的pH小心地调节至pH=7.0。然后用分液漏斗分离有机层,并用水(各自约200ml)洗涤两次,干燥(硫酸钠),在旋转蒸发器上移除溶剂。真空蒸馏残余物(141g淡红色油状物)(在0.01-0.019毫巴下沸点=115-125℃),从而获得淡黄色油状物(129.5g,90.4%产率),其在静置时固化。
熔点=53-54℃
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ1.08,1.15(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.41(“tr”,2H),1.82(“dd”,2H),H-3,H-3’;2.02,2.04(2s,各自3H,H-9,H-9’);2.68(tr,2H,H-6);3.96(tr,2H,H-7);5.06(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3.,100MHz)δ20.92,21.40C-9,C-9’;22.14,33.72C-5,C-5’;41.85C-6;45.60C-3;55.60C-2;66.64C-7;67.40C-4;170.61,171.89C-8,C-8’。
实施例11:3-甲氧基丙酸2-[4-(3-甲氧基丙酰氧基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基]-乙酯(化合物11)
在250ml夹套烧瓶上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计、气体进口管和具有回流冷凝器的迪安-斯达克装置。向烧瓶中装入HE-HTMP(138g,0.69mol)和二甲苯(108g,异构体混合物)。在回流(外套温度=150℃)下加热该混合物,蒸出约40ml的溶剂以与二甲苯的共沸物形式移除水。然后将温度降至80℃,并添加3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯(92.0g,0.75mol)和原钛酸四丁酯(0.1g)。然后将所述混合物在回流下再次加热,并蒸出形成的甲醇。在反应结束后,将所述混合物冷却,用水(每次250ml)将所得产物溶液洗涤三次。在干燥(硫酸钠)并在旋转蒸发器上移除二甲苯后,真空蒸馏残余物(沸点167℃/1.1*10-2毫巴),从而获得呈澄清浅黄色液体的产物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ1.08,1.15(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.43(“tr”,2H),1.83(“dd”,2H)H-3,H-3’;2.53,2.56(2tr,各自2H,H-9,H-9’);2.69(“dd”,2H,H-6);3.34,3.35(2s,各自3H,H-11,H-11’);3.64,3.65(2tr,各自2H,H10,H-10’);3.98(“dd”,2H,H-7);5.10(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ22.09,33.63C-5,C-5’;34.83,35.18C-9,C-9’;41.75,C-6;45.49,C-3;55.70,C-2;58.63,58.65C-11,C-11’;66.64C-7;67.53C-4;67.86,67.88C-10,C-10’;171.04,171.34C-8,C-8’。
实施例12:甲氧基乙酸2-[4-(2-甲氧基乙酰氧基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基]-乙酯(化合物12)
以与实施例11所述类似的方式使用2-甲氧基乙酸甲酯代替3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯制备该化合物。将来自两个批次的粗产物(在一个批次中使用0.2molHE-HTMP,在另一批次中使用0.4molHE-HTMP,两种粗产物均为褐色油状物)合并用于纯化。将合并的粗物质溶于甲苯(250ml)中,并用漂白土(75g和50g的TonsilOptimumFF,Clariant)将深褐色溶液脱色。在过滤后,在旋转蒸发器上从所得的浅褐色溶液中移除溶剂。在冷却至环境温度后,产物开始结晶。因此,在回流下将所述物质再次溶于最小量的甲苯中(约100ml),使该溶液缓慢冷却至0℃。然后添加正己烷(170g)以完成结晶。滤出所得的几乎无色的晶体,用少许正己烷洗涤并干燥,从而获得115.9g(基于HE-HTMP为62%合并产率)的几乎无色的晶体。
熔点=57-58℃。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ0.80,0.86(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.15“tr”,2H,1.55“dd”,2H,H-3,H-3’;2.41(“dd”,2H,H-6);3.11,3.17(2s,各自3H,H-10,H-10’);3.67,3.71(2s,各自2H,H-9,H-9’);3.73,“dd”,2H,H-7);4.83(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ21.91,33.35C-5,C-5’;41.51C-6;45.29C-3;55.49C-2;58.7858.83C-10,C-10’;66.28C-7;67.56C-4;69.33,69.52C-9,C-9’;169.38,169.68C-8,C-8’。
实施例13:4-氧代-己酸2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-[2-(4-氧代戊酰氧基)-乙基]-哌啶-4-基酯(化合物13)
在250ml夹套容器上安装锚式搅拌器、内部温度计和下行冷凝器。向其中装入HE-HTMP(84.5g,0.42mol)和乙酰丙酸甲酯(114.76g,0.882mol)。加热该混合物并在151℃内部温度下添加原钛酸四丁酯(0.12g,0.36mmol)。将外套温度设定为180℃并将混合物保持搅拌24小时。然后真空移除过量的乙酰丙酸甲酯(在3毫巴下1小时),然后冷却至80℃。获得154.4g呈极粘褐色油状物的产物(基于HE-HTMP为92.5%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,RT)δ0.89,0.96(2s,各自6H,H-5,H-5’);1.24,1.63(2m,各自2H,H-3,H-3’);2.00(s,6H,H-12,H-12’);2.36(tr,4H,H-9,H-9’);2.49(tr,2H,H-6);2.56(“tr”,4H,H-10,H-10’);3.77(tr,2H;H-7);4.86(trtr,1H,H-4)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,RT,)δ21.87,33.41(C-5,C-5’);27.57,28.03(C-9,C-9’);29.50,29.52(C-12,C-12’);37.56,37.59(C-10,C-10’);41.51(C-6);45.24(C-3);55.45(C-2);66.42(C-7);67.34(C-4);171.89,172.25(C-8,C-8’);206.10;206.17(C-11,C-11’)。
应用实施例:
涂料配制剂A:(酸催化的高固体透明涂料配制剂)
用3.1重量%(基于树脂固体)的384-2(UV吸收剂,BASFSE)使配制剂A稳定。
各涂料配制剂A进一步包含1.6重量%(基于树脂固体)的化合物1-13之一或Tinuvin622或Tinuvin123。
随后以在固化(130℃,30’)后导致40μm干膜厚度的厚度将透明涂料配制剂喷涂至银金属底涂层(DFT底涂层:18μm)上。
涂料配制剂B:(环氧基羧基涂料配制剂:UltraglossF3000(BASFCOATINGS,日本))
组分A/组分B(50/50)[A=主链,B=硬化剂组分]
用2重量%(基于树脂固体)的Tinuvin384-2使配制剂B稳定。
各涂料配制剂B进一步包含1重量%(基于树脂固体)的化合物1-13之一或Tinuvin622或Tinuvin123。
组分A加B的固含量:57%
随后以在固化(140℃,30’)后导致40μm干膜厚度的厚度将透明涂料配制剂喷涂至银金属底涂层(DFT底涂层:18μm)上。
涂料配制剂C:(热固性丙烯酸类蜜胺透明涂料配制剂)
固含量:53%
用2重量%(基于树脂固体)的384-2(UV吸收剂,BASFSE)使配制剂C稳定。
各涂料配制剂C进一步包含1重量%(基于树脂固体)的化合物1-13之一或Tinuvin622或Tinuvin123。
随后以在固化(130℃,30’)后导致40μm干膜厚度的厚度将透明涂料配制剂喷涂至银金属底涂层(DFT底涂层:18μm)上。
涂料配制剂D:(长油醇酸透明木材涂料配制剂)
固含量:34%
各涂料配制剂D进一步包含1重量%(基于树脂固体)的化合物1-13之一或Tinuvin622或Tinuvin123。
随后借助刷子施加透明涂料配制剂(厚度:3层80g/m2,在室温下干燥后导致70μm干膜厚度)。
溶解性测试
测试上文所述的涂料配制剂A、B、C和D(各自以上文所给的量包含化合物1-13之一、Tinuvin622或Tinuvin123)的溶解性。溶解性通过溶液的浊度和溶液中的残余未溶解颗粒的目测方面定性评估。结果在下表中给出:
化合物 | 配制剂A | 配制剂B | 配制剂C | 配制剂D |
Tinuvin 622 | 不可溶 | 不可溶 | 不可溶 | 不可溶 |
Tinuvin 123 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物1 | 可溶 | 缓慢溶解 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物2 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物3 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物4 | 缓慢溶解 | 不可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物5 | 不可溶 | 不可溶 | 缓慢溶解 | 缓慢溶解 |
化合物6 | 不可溶 | 不可溶 | 缓慢溶解 | 可溶 |
化合物7 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 缓慢溶解 | 可溶 |
化合物8 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 缓慢溶解 | 可溶 |
化合物9 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物10 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 缓慢溶解 |
化合物11 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物12 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
化合物13 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 | 可溶 |
相容性测试:
为了评估相容性(由于在涂层中的不相容性而渗出),在固化后测量涂层B的光泽(BYKHaze-Gloss装置4601)。
化合物 | 光泽(20°) |
Tinuvin 123 | 81 |
化合物1 | 87 |
化合物2 | 87 |
化合物3 | 89 |
化合物7 | 90 |
化合物9 | 88 |
化合物10 | 88 |
化合物11 | 88 |
化合物12 | 88 |
化合物13 | 88 |
所述化合物并未显示出对固化涂层中的相容性的任何不利影响,如光泽损失。
加速老化测试:
在人工老化循环下测试下表中所给的涂层A、B、C和D而评价稳定,由在给定时间的人工老化循环后保留的光泽和裂缝形成给出。
涂层A,氙灯(SAEJ1960):
化合物 | 在3000小时后的光泽(20°) |
不含HALS | 77 |
Tinuvin 123 | 90 |
实施例1 | 90 |
实施例2 | 90 |
实施例3 | 90 |
实施例4 | <80 |
实施例7 | 91 |
实施例8 | 91 |
实施例9 | 90 |
实施例10 | 92 |
实施例11 | 92 |
实施例12 | 89 |
实施例13 | 95 |
涂层B,氙灯(SAEJ1960):
化合物 | 在3500小时后的光泽(20°) | 在4500小时后的光泽(20°) |
不含HALS | 77*) | - |
Tinuvin 123 | 87 | 87 |
实施例1 | 85 | 79 |
实施例2 | 87 | 87 |
实施例3 | 90 | 83 |
实施例7 | 88 | 84 |
实施例9 | 84 | 77 |
实施例10 | 84 | 70*) |
实施例11 | 88 | 87 |
实施例12 | 88 | 86 |
实施例13 | 88 | 84 |
*)开裂
涂层B,UVB-313nm灯(Q-UVDINENISO4292-3):
化合物 | 在3000小时后的光泽(20°) | 在3500小时后的光泽(20°) |
不含HALS | 61*) | - |
Tinuvin 123 | 89 | 82 |
实施例1 | 71 | -*) |
实施例2 | 89 | 88 |
实施例3 | 87 | 76 |
实施例7 | 89 | 86 |
实施例9 | 76*) | - |
实施例10 | 70*) | - |
实施例11 | 78 | 72 |
实施例12 | 74 | 65 |
实施例13 | 83 | 80 |
*)开裂
涂层C,氙灯(SAEJ1960):
涂层C,UVB-313nm灯(Q-UVDINENISO4292-3):
化合物 | 在3000小时后的光泽(20°) | 在3500小时后的光泽(20°) |
不含HALS | <5 | |
Tinuvin 123 | 86 | 85 |
实施例1 | 74 | <35 |
实施例2 | 85 | 81 |
实施例3 | 85 | 83 |
实施例9 | 83 | 64*) |
实施例10 | 13 | - |
实施例11 | 81 | 54 |
实施例12 | 12 | - |
实施例13 | 87 | 77 |
*)开裂
涂层D,UV-A340nm荧光灯泡(EN927-6),配制剂D:
化合物 | 在1250小时后的脱层/降解程度 |
不含HALS | 严重 |
Tinuvin 123 | 轻微至中度 |
实施例2 | 轻微 |
实施例10 | 中度 |
实施例12 | 轻微至中度 |
所述化合物适于通过保持光泽并防止开裂、降解或脱层而使不同类型的涂料稳定。
下文实施例进一步阐述本发明。除非另有说明,否则所有百分比和份数均以重量计。化合物2(3,5,5-三甲基己酸2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-[2-(3,5,5-三甲基己酰氧基)-乙基]-哌啶-4-基酯)对应于下式:
实施例A-1:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)溶液浇铸膜(1)的稳定
将10gPlexiglas7N与50mg化合物2一起溶于40g二氯甲烷中。借助自动刀片以12mm/秒的刀片速度和120μm的间隙高度牵拉膜。然后根据先前的ASTMG26C(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,无喷水)将所述膜暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-1中。
表A-1:
小时 | 0 | 99 | 263 | 472 | 1006 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | -0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 |
b*(色坐标)*) | -0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-2:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)溶液浇铸膜(2)的稳定
将10gPlexiglas7N与50mg化合物2和100mg2,2’-亚甲基双(6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚(360)一起溶于40g二氯甲烷中。借助自动刀片以12mm/秒的刀片速度和120μm的间隙高度牵拉膜。将刚牵拉的膜干燥10分钟。厚度为25μm的所得膜具有16.3的泛黄指数(DIN6167(1980-01))。然后根据先前的ASTMG26C(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,无喷水)将该膜暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-2中。
表A-2:
小时 | 0 | 99 | 263 | 472 | 1006 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.9 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-3:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)厚片材(1)的稳定
将70g刚蒸馏的甲基丙烯酸甲酯与70mg过氧化月桂酰和105mg化合物2混合。将所述混合物脱气并在60℃下于水浴中在扭旋玻璃中加热3小时。将预聚合的浆液倾至两块玻璃板之间,所述两块玻璃板具有1.8mm距离且在3个侧面密封。将该玻璃夹心结构在60℃下于烘箱中保持16小时,随后在120℃下保持3小时。所得聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)片材具有32.2的泛黄指数(DIN6167(1980-01))。然后根据先前的ASTMG26C(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,无喷水)将该片材暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-3中。
表A-3:
小时 | 0 | 257 | 494 | 754 | 986 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 0.31 | 0.87 | 1.14 | 0.91 | 0.91 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.00 | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.55 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 0.30 | 0.62 | 0.77 | 0.63 | 0.62 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-4:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)厚片材(2)的稳定
将70g刚蒸馏的甲基丙烯酸甲酯与70mg过氧化月桂酰、105mg化合物2和105mg2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-6-十二烷基-4-甲基苯酚(571)混合。将所述混合物脱气并在60℃下于水浴中在扭旋玻璃中加热3小时。将预聚合的浆液倾至两块玻璃板之间,所述两块玻璃板具有1.8mm距离且在3个侧面密封。将该玻璃夹心结构在60℃下于烘箱中保持16小时,随后在120℃下保持3小时。所得PMMA片材具有32.2的泛黄指数(DIN6167(1980-01))。然后根据先前的ASTMG26C(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,无喷水)将该片材暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-4中。
表A-4:
小时 | 0 | 257 | 494 | 754 | 986 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 0.98 | 1.03 | 1.42 | 1.42 | 1.55 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.00 | 0.13 | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.76 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 1.03 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-5:聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(PC/ABS)饰板的稳定
低温研磨4000gPC/ABS(A35-105天然)并在真空烘箱中于80℃下干燥4小时。在高速混合器中,将经研磨的聚合物与4g化合物2和12g2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(234)混合。然后将所述粉末混合物在270℃下于ZE25x32D上复合,在20006K干燥器中干燥后,在260℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的厚饰板。根据先前的ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将这些饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-5中。
表A-5:
小时 | 0 | 259 | 529 | 742 | 1008 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 17.3 | 7.3 | 11.8 | 16.2 | 29.3 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 5.79 | 3.15 | 0.62 | 7.15 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 10.7 | 5.0 | 7.6 | 10.1 | 17.7 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-6:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)(1)的稳定
在200℃下以30rpm将4000gHDPE(BS501-17;未经稳定)与4g化合物2在PL2000中混合10分钟。然后将所述物料在气动压机中在190℃下压制2分钟,从而获得1mm厚的饰板,对所述饰板进行如下测试a)或b)。
a)根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所得饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-6a中。
表A-6a:
小时 | 0 | 259 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 2.47 | -1.53 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 2.14 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 1.63 | -0.42 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
b)将所得饰板暴露于110℃的具有循环空气的烘箱中。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-6b中。
表A-6b:
天 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 18 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 0.67 | 1.79 | 1.88 | 1.72 | 1.72 | 1.72 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 1.36 | 1.36 | 1.36 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 0.7 | 1.34 | 1.39 | 1.31 | 1.31 | 1.31 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-7:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)(2)的稳定
在200℃下以30rpm将4000gHDPE(BS501-17;未经稳定)与2g化合物2和2g1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸二甲酯(622)的缩合物在PL2000中混合10分钟。然后将所述物料在气动压机中在190℃下压制2分钟,从而获得1mm厚的饰板,对所述饰板进行如下测试a)或b)。
a)根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所得饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-7a中。
表A-7a:
小时 | 0 | 259 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 2.85 | -1.39 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 2.37 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 1.97 | -0.35 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
b)将所得饰板暴露于110℃的具有循环空气的烘箱中。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-7b中。
表A-7b:
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-8:聚丙烯(PP)(1)的稳定
在高速混合器中将2000g未经稳定的PP与1g1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(3114)、1g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168)和2g化合物2混合,然后在220℃下于ZE25×32D双螺杆挤出机上复合。将所述组合物在230℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的饰板,对所述饰板进行如下测试a)或b)。
a)根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所得饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-8a中。
表A-8a:
小时 | 0 | 100 | 262 | 504 | 1007 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 17.7 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 2.2 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 5.08 | 5.5 | 5.45 | 12.59 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 8.4 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 1.2 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
b)将所得饰板暴露于135℃的具有循环空气的烘箱中。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-8b中。
表A-8b:
天 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 14 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 18.1 | 18.1 | 19.7 | 20.4 | 21.1 | 21.7 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 8.6 | 8.5 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 10.4 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-9:聚丙烯(PP)(2)的稳定
在高速混合器中将2000g未经稳定的PP与1g1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(3114)、1g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168)、1g化合物2和1g2020混合,然后在220℃下于ZE25×32D双螺杆挤出机上复合。将所述组合物在230℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的饰板,对所述饰板进行如下测试a)或b)。
2020:
(化学文摘号192268-64-7)
分子量:2600-3400g/mol
a)根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所得饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-9a中。
表A-9a:
小时 | 0 | 100 | 262 | 504 | 1007 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 17.5 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.7 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 4.9 | 5.44 | 5.43 | 5.68 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 8.6 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.4 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
b)将所得饰板暴露于135℃的具有循环空气的烘箱中。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-9b中。
表A-9b:
天 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 17.4 | 17.3 | 21.1 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.9 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 8.6 | 8.5 | 10.0 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-10:聚丙烯(PP)(3)的稳定
在高速混合器中将2000g未经稳定的PP与1g1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(3114)、1g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168)、1g化合物2和1g1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸二甲酯的缩合物(622)混合,然后在220℃下于ZE25×32D双螺杆挤出机上复合。将所述组合物在230℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的饰板,对所述饰板进行如下测试a)或b)。
a)根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所述饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-10a中。
表A-10a:
小时 | 0 | 100 | 262 | 504 | 1007 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 19.8 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 6.1 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 5.97 | 6.55 | 6.65 | 9.37 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 9.5 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.1 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
b)将所得饰板暴露于135℃的具有循环空气的烘箱中。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-10b中。
表A-10b:
天 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 19.7 | 19.6 | 21.1 | 22.4 | 23.8 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 2.0 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 9.4 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 11.3 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-11:聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)(1)的稳定
低温研磨2500gPBT(6134)并在真空烘箱中于80℃下干燥4小时。在高速混合器中,将经研磨的聚合物与1.25g亚乙基双(氧亚乙基)双-(3-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基间甲苯基)-丙酸酯)(245)、3.75g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168)、12.5g2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(234)和2.5g化合物2混合。然后将所述粉末混合物在245℃下于ZE25×32D上复合,在20006K干燥器中干燥后在250℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的厚饰板。根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将这些饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-11中。
表A-11:
小时 | 0 | 100 | 243 | 500 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 32.2 | 35.9 | 39.1 | 42.2 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 5.9 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 17.2 | 19.5 | 21.2 | 23.0 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-12:聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)(2)的稳定
低温研磨2500gPBT(6134)并在真空烘箱中于80℃下干燥4小时。在高速混合器中,将经研磨的聚合物与1.25g亚乙基双(氧亚乙基)双-(3-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基间甲苯基)-丙酸酯)(245)、3.75g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168)、12.5g2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(234)、1.25g1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸二甲酯的缩合物622)和1.25g化合物2混合。然后将所述粉末混合物在245℃下于ZE25×32D上复合,在20006K干燥器中后干燥在250℃下于EK65上注射模塑成2×60×60mm3的厚饰板。根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐过滤剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将这些饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-12中。
表A-12:
小时 | 0 | 100 | 243 | 500 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 32.8 | 36.2 | 39.2 | 42.1 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 5.5 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 17.8 | 19.9 | 21.5 | 23.1 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-13:聚氨酯(PUR)软质发泡体的稳定
a)聚醚/聚氨酯软质发泡体的制备:
将0.71g(基于多元醇为0.45重量%)防焦稳定剂PUR68(BASF)和4.73g(相对于多元醇为3.00重量%)表A-13a中所列的光稳定剂组合物溶于157.1g聚醚多元醇(BASF的2074,主要含有仲羟基的三官能聚醚多元醇;羟基值为48mgKOH/g,水含量小于0.1%,酸值小于0.06mgKOH/g)中,添加9.84g由1.89gBF2370(EvonikIndustries的聚硅氧烷表面活性剂)、0.24g33(EvonikIndustries的胺催化剂,33重量%三乙二胺和67重量%二丙二醇)和7.5g去离子水组成的溶液,在2600rpm下将反应混合物剧烈搅拌10秒。然后添加0.31g29(EvonikIndustries的基于辛酸亚锡的催化剂)并再次在2600rpm下剧烈搅拌反应混合物18秒。然后添加92.19g异氰酸酯[BASF的T80;甲苯-2,4-和甲苯-2,6-二异氰酸酯混合物],同时在2600rpm下连续搅拌5-7秒。然后将所述混合物倾至20×20×20cm3的糕饼盒中并测量发泡成发泡体块期间的放热温度。将发泡体块冷却并在室温下储存24小时。次日,将发泡体切成4.4cm×3cm×1cm试样以用于老化测试。
表A-13a:
PUR | 光稳定剂混合物 |
PUR 1 | 2.365g化合物2和2.365g的稳定剂1 |
PUR 2 | 2.365g化合物2和2.365g的稳定剂2 |
PUR 3 | 2.365g化合物2和2.365g的稳定剂3 |
稳定剂1:2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-6-十二烷基-4-甲基苯酚(571)
稳定剂2:3-(3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯/聚乙二醇300(213)的反应产物
稳定剂3:95%3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯丙酸C7-C9烷基酯与5%乙酸1-甲氧基-2-丙基酯的混合物(384-2)
b)使用老化以评估在光暴露后的发泡体稳定性。将发泡体样品置于老化室内并根据ASTMG155-循环4暴露。测定作为时间函数的颜色变化。发泡体颜色质量以在发泡体样品上根据ASTM1926-70测得的泛黄指数(YI)报告。结果列在表A-13b中。
表A-13b:
PUR | 小时 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 18 | 24 |
PUR 1 | YI*) | -0.9 | 4.5 | 8.4 | 13.8 | 15.5 | 18.6 | 24.7 |
PUR 2 | YI*) | -0.5 | 5.5 | 8.9 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.3 | 26.6 |
PUR 3 | YI*) | -0.4 | 4.7 | 9.4 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 19.9 | 26.0 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-14:热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的稳定
a)将3000g经低温研磨的TPU(385E)在真空烘箱中于80℃下干燥12小时。在加热至80℃的混合器中,将所述聚合物与表A-14a所示的稳定剂体系混合,然后在210℃下于双螺杆挤出机ZE25×32D上复合。在用热空气干燥器干燥后,将所述复合物在HL60机器上注射模塑成2×44×68mm3的饰板。
表A-14a:
1010:季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]
126:双[2,4-二叔丁基苯基]季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯
PA328:2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1,1-二甲基丙基)苯酚
571:2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-6-十二烷基-4-甲基苯酚
213:3-(3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯/聚乙二醇300的反应产物
b)根据先前的ISO105B06(Xe光,内部过滤剂硼硅酸盐“S”和外部过滤剂碱石灰,在340nm下0.45W/m2,100℃±3℃,20-30%相对湿度,连续光,无喷水)将这些饰板暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-14b中。
表A-14b:
TPU | 小时 | 0 | 8 | 24 | 48 | 96 |
TPU 1 | YI*) | 13.62 | 13.09 | 13.15 | 13.22 | 14.46 |
TPU 2 | YI*) | 11.61 | 10.56 | 10.69 | 11.08 | 13.18 |
TPU 3 | YI*) | 11.88 | 10.64 | 10.79 | 11.46 | 12.71 |
*)对泛黄指数(YI)而言,低数值是所希望的。
实施例A-15:柔性聚氯乙烯(f-PVC)的稳定
制备64.73phrPVC(Ineos的S7060)、32.36phr邻苯二甲酸二异壬基酯增塑剂(BASF的N)、1.61phr环氧化大豆油(GalataChem.的39)和1.30phr热稳定剂(Baerlocher的CT9051×RF;液体CaZn稳定剂)的基础混合物(phr意指每100份数橡胶的份数)。将40g该PVC混合物与0.1g2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯基酮(81)和0.1g化合物2在玻璃烧杯中混合,然后在160℃下以f=1:1.2于间隙宽度为0.4mm的双辊研磨机上压延8分钟。然后根据ASTMG155循环1(Xe光,2种硼硅酸盐填充剂“S”,在340nm下0.35W/m2,63℃±3℃,50-60%相对湿度,连续光,102分钟干燥,随后为18分钟喷水)将所得的片材暴露于氙光下。根据DIN6167(1980-01)测量颜色。结果显示在表A-15中。
表A-15:
小时 | 0 | 243 | 500 | 1005 | 1501 |
YI(泛黄指数)*) | 3.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.4 |
ΔE(色差)*) | 0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
b*(色坐标)*) | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
*)低数值是所希望的。
Claims (18)
1.一种化合物,其具有式(I):
其中:
A为-CH(R3)-CH2-或-CH2-CH(R3)-;
各R1相同且选自:
C1-C21烷基;
C3-C7环烷基;
-CH2-R5,其中R5为具有一个、两个或三个双键的非环状C2-C20烃基;
被至少一个选自C1-C4烷氧基、-OH或-CN的取代基取代的C1-C21烷基;
被至少一个选自C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、-OH或-CN的取代基取代的C3-C7环烷基;和
被-CO-R4取代的C4-C21烷基,其中R4为C1-C4烷基;且
R2选自H和C1-C3烷基;且
R3为H或C1-C4烷基。
2.如权利要求1的化合物,其中各R1选自C1-C21烷基和C3-C7环烷基、特别是C1-C17烷基或C3-C12烷基或C3-C6环烷基。
3.如权利要求1的化合物,其中各R1选自C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16和C17烷基。
4.如权利要求1的化合物,其中各R1为被至少一个选自C1-C4烷氧基和-OH的取代基取代的C1-C21烷基。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项的化合物,其中R2为H。
6.如前述权利要求任一项的化合物,其中A为-CH2-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-CH2-或-CH2-CH(CH3)-,特别是-CH2-CH2-。
7.如权利要求1的化合物,其选自:
8.一种组合物,其包含如权利要求1-7中任一项的化合物和有机材料。
9.如权利要求8的组合物,其呈涂料组合物的形式。
10.如权利要求8的组合物,其中所述有机材料为聚乙烯或聚丙烯或聚氨酯或苯乙烯类聚合物或聚氯乙烯。
11.如权利要求8-10中任一项的组合物,其额外包含羟基苯基苯并三唑或羟基苯基三嗪或羟基二苯基酮或草酰二苯胺类别或氰基丙烯酸酯或丙二酸酯及其组合中的一种或多种的UV吸收剂。
12.如权利要求8-11中任一项的组合物,其额外包含位阻胺化合物。
13.如权利要求10的组合物,其额外包含如下化合物中的一种或多种:
癸二酸双-(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯(123);
1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸二甲酯的缩合物(622);
2,2’-亚甲基双(6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚(360);
2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-6-十二烷基-4-甲基苯酚(571);
2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(234);
1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(3114);
亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯(168);
亚乙基双(氧亚乙基)双-(3-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基间甲苯基)-丙酸酯)(245);
3-(3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯/聚乙二醇300的反应产物(213);
3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯丙酸C7-C9烷基酯,任选与乙酸1-甲氧基-2-丙基酯的混合物(384-2);
季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯](1010);
双[2,4-二叔丁基苯基]季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯(126);
2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-双(1,1-二甲基丙基)苯酚(PA328);
3-(3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯/聚乙二醇300的反应产物(213);或
下式的化合物(2020):
14.一种经涂布的物品,其涂布有如权利要求8-13中任一项的组合物。
15.如权利要求14的物品,其包含金属基材,且涂层包含:
a)电沉积至金属基材上的底漆涂层;
b)至少一个与底漆涂层直接接触的着色底涂层,和
c)与着色底涂层直接接触且包含如权利要求1-7中任一项的化合物的透明涂层。
16.如权利要求1-7中任一项的化合物的用途,其用作光稳定剂。
17.如权利要求1-7中任一项的化合物的用途,其用于在基材上制备涂层。
18.如权利要求17的用途,其中基材选自金属、金属合金、木材、塑料、陶瓷和其他涂层。
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CN114853733A (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-05 | 宿迁联盛科技股份有限公司 | 骨架法制备光稳定剂2020的方法 |
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CN104428291B (zh) | 2012-07-13 | 2016-09-07 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 作为有机材料稳定剂的二-[3-(7-叔丁基-2-氧代-3-苯基-3h-苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酰基]聚乙二醇衍生物 |
WO2016109789A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-07 | Basf Se | Candle wax compositions stabilized with uv absorbers and select hindered amine light stabilizers |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107857896A (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-30 | 上海炼升化工股份有限公司 | 一种源自pta副品的酯类组合物及其制备方法 |
CN110922352A (zh) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 宿迁联盛科技股份有限公司 | 一种复合型光稳定剂的制备方法 |
CN114605624A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-10 | 天集化工助剂(沧州)有限公司 | 一种聚合型光稳定剂以及制备与应用 |
CN114605624B (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-05-10 | 天集化工助剂(沧州)有限公司 | 一种聚合型光稳定剂以及制备与应用 |
CN114853733A (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-05 | 宿迁联盛科技股份有限公司 | 骨架法制备光稳定剂2020的方法 |
CN114853733B (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-09-01 | 宿迁联盛科技股份有限公司 | 骨架法制备光稳定剂2020的方法 |
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CN105358528B (zh) | 2021-07-20 |
CA2916530A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
CA2916530C (en) | 2021-06-22 |
AU2014288890B9 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
RU2016103782A (ru) | 2017-08-11 |
US9969864B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
RU2686327C2 (ru) | 2019-04-25 |
WO2015004580A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
KR20160029063A (ko) | 2016-03-14 |
EP3019474B1 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
TW201520196A (zh) | 2015-06-01 |
KR102335051B1 (ko) | 2021-12-07 |
EP3019474A4 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
JP2016531095A (ja) | 2016-10-06 |
EP3019474A1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
JP6824036B2 (ja) | 2021-02-03 |
TWI634107B (zh) | 2018-09-01 |
MX2016000313A (es) | 2016-08-08 |
AU2014288890B2 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
US20160168356A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
ES2761604T3 (es) | 2020-05-20 |
JP2020033375A (ja) | 2020-03-05 |
AU2014288890A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
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