CN105325168B - A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin - Google Patents

A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin Download PDF

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CN105325168B
CN105325168B CN201510787435.XA CN201510787435A CN105325168B CN 105325168 B CN105325168 B CN 105325168B CN 201510787435 A CN201510787435 A CN 201510787435A CN 105325168 B CN105325168 B CN 105325168B
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asparagus
bamboo shoot
film
irradiation processing
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CN105325168A (en
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魏永阳
厉广辉
刘皓
韩凤舟
于继庆
张培
李芳�
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Shandong Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Shandong Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/10—Asparagus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A01G9/222—Lamellar or like blinds
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin and its heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of special astigmatism, including overlay film, irradiation processing step；The overlay film step：After overlay film, temperature of shed maintains 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.The irradiation processing step：Asparagus spear be unearthed height for 15 cm ~ 18 cm when, carry out irradiation processing；Morning intensity of illumination reaches 700 μm of olm‑2·s‑1When, the film of covering is opened completely.Adopt the bamboo shoot phase every 3 d irradiations processing once.The shading rate of the film is up to 99.5%.The content of anthocyanidin is 450 mgkg in the asparagus spear epidermis that the present invention cultivates‑1More than.

Description

A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of asparagus cultivation methods, specifically, are related to a kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin, And its special heat-insulated heat radiation of astigmatism regulates and controls film, is remarkably improved the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus.Belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalisLIt is) a kind of perennial root herbaceous plant, is main using tender stem Food materials, once cultivation can be harvested continuously 10 ~ 15 years.China's asparagus cultivation is started from the 1970s, being divided by tender stem color green Asparagus and white asparagus, the former mainly with eat raw with it is quick-frozen based on, the latter is chiefly used in processed can.In recent years, China's asparagus cultivation Area is at 60,000 hectares or so, per annual export volume 60000 t ~ 80,000 t, accounts for more than the 60% of world's asparagus volume of trade, it has also become first is big Asparagus producting and exporting country.
Asparagus has effects that special nutrition and dietotherapy.Multiple proteins, amino acid and vitamin are rich in asparagus spear, 5 times higher than general vegetables or more, nutrition has the characteristics of " two low three is high ", i.e. low sugar, low fat, high protein, high microsteping, higher-dimension Raw element, also containing there are many necessary trace elements of human body.Therefore, asparagus is known as " kings of vegetables ", and with higher medicinal Value,《Compendium of Materia Medica》It is middle that asparagus is referred to as " Chinese alpine rush ", it is listed on top grade, position is only second to ginseng.It is often edible Asparagus can prevent cancer, improve immunity, anti-aging, have to illnesss such as heart disease, hypertension, vascular sclerosis, ephritis certain Curative effect.
Anthocyanidin is a kind of substance of flavonoids in Secondary metabolites, is primarily present in the vacuole of epidermal cell In, it is pure natural anti-aging and nutritive replenishers, is to find most effective antioxidant now, its antioxygenic property is given birth to than dimension Plain E is higher by 50 times, and 20 times are higher by than vitamin C, can improve Xun Huan, reinforces blood vessel, pre- anti-cancer.Anthocyanidin can prevent ultraviolet Line encroaches on skin, enhances cutaneous immunisation power, can enhance eyesight, delays cranial nerve aging, enhances cardio-pulmonary function.
Asparagus is as a kind of vegetables for eating medicine dual-purpose, and the content of anthocyanidin is extremely low in tender stem, in production there are no rich in The asparagus of anthocyanidin if can increase the content of anthocyanidin in tender stem, can further improve the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus.Research It proves, luminous environment is the important regulatory factor for influencing anthocyanidin synthesis, and Qiang Guang, blue light, ultraviolet light can induce anthocyanin synthesis Related gene great expression increases the accumulation of anthocyanidin in epidermal cell.Growing plants children is tender in dim light or dark surrounds Tissue largely forms anthocyanidin, filtering and attenuation incident light to reduce absorption of the epidermal cell to light under of short duration intense light conditions, Light is avoided to injure.
Although the formation condition and Forming Mechanism of anthocyanidin are more apparent, because white asparagus cultivate in mainly with training Soil realizes dark surrounds, it is difficult to carry out light processing, existing cultivation technique is also difficult to produce the asparagus rich in anthocyanidin.
Existing asparagus cultivation technique mainly has following defect：（1）Anthocyanidin content is low in white asparagus, in prior art production Dark surrounds cultivation white asparagus is formed with ridging, it is difficult to carry out light processing；（2）Temperature can not be stablized in facility；Need a kind of screening Light rate is high, and can be by the absorption of light and the thin-film material of scattering automatic adjustment temperature, to substitute ridging；（3）Planting density is inclined Small, in evening productive life, economic benefit is relatively low.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to change the white asparagus mode of production, banking up cultivation is exempted from realization, by covering light temperature adjusting function Film and photo-irradiation treatment increase the content of anthocyanidin in tender stem, improve the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus.Meanwhile it improves economical Benefit.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin and its special astigmatism insulation thermal spoke for above deficiency Regulation and control film is penetrated, realizes following goal of the invention：
1st, the content for making anthocyanidin in asparagus spear epidermis is 450 mg kg-1More than, improve the nutrition of asparagus and medicinal valency Value；
2nd, extend asparagus harvesting number of days, harvest the d of 60 d ~ 70 in one season of young age bamboo shoot of less than 3 years, 3 years or more into age bamboo shoot one The d of 90 d of Ji Caishou ~ 100；
3rd, the temperature in facility is made to maintain 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C throughout the year, sunlight hiding rare is made to reach 99.5%；
4th, economic benefit is made to increase by 70% ~ 80%.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of use is as follows：
A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin, including overlay film, irradiation processing step.
It is that above-mentioned technical proposal is further improved below：
The overlay film step：After overlay film, temperature of shed maintains 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.
The irradiation processing step：Asparagus spear be unearthed height for 15 cm ~ 18 cm when, carry out irradiation processing.
The irradiation processing step：The irradiation processing step：If morning intensity of illumination is 700-1000 μm of ol m-2 s-1, 4 h of every morning irradiation processing；
If morning intensity of illumination is more than 1000 μm of ol m-2 s-1, 2 h of every morning irradiation processing；
The irradiation processing：The film of covering is opened, when irradiation processing is completed, then membrane cover is tight.
The irradiation processing step：Adopt the bamboo shoot phase every 3 d irradiations processing once.
The film regulates and controls film for the heat-insulated heat radiation of astigmatism.
The asparagus cultivation method further includes field planting；
The field planting：50 cm of line-spacing in ditch is colonized, 1.5 m of line-spacing between ditch, for average row away from 1 m, spacing in the rows is 25 ~ 28 Cm, planting density are 2380 ~ 2660 plants/acre.
The asparagus cultivation method further includes clear garden；The clear garden：4000 ~ 5000 kg of decomposed manure is applied including mu, Nitrogen, phosphorus, 40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer of potassium content 20%, 10%, 20%.
The asparagus cultivation method further include nursery, adopt bamboo shoot, adopt bamboo shoot after field management step；
The nursery step：The seedling field planting of high 30 ~ 35 cm of roguing；
Described adopts bamboo shoot step：It more than asparagus spear ground grows to 22cm ~ 25cm, is harvested, adopt bamboo shoot daily 2 times；3 years Following young age bamboo shoot harvesting 60d ~ 70d harvests 90d ~ 100d in 3 years or more into age bamboo shoot；
The field management step after adopting bamboo shoot：After adopting bamboo shoot, remove regulation and control film and shed, by the training of asparagus row into 15 cm ~ The earth ridge of 20 cm high；
Mu applies the kg of 4000 kg of decomposed manure ~ 5000, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ternary compound fertilizer 50 of potassium content 20%, 10%, 20% Kg, 20 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium sulfate；
White asparagus vegetative growth phase, with 50% red bacterium gram 800 times of liquid of+50% iprodione wettable powder of 500 times of liquid or 70% first Base thiophanate wettable powder 500 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+50% Wakil Fluoxastrobin, every 7 ~ 10 d are sprayed once, continuously spray 4 ~ 5 times.
A kind of heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of special astigmatism, the regulation and control film include light scattering layer and light absorption radiating layer；
The light scattering layer, in parts by weight, including following components：
427 parts of rutile type titanium white
20 parts of PE waxes
23 parts of oleamide
530 parts of LDPE；
The light absorption radiating layer, in parts by weight, including following components：
75 parts of LDPE
30 parts of LLDPE
2 parts of carbon black
15 parts of carborundum powder
2 parts of coupling agent
1.8 parts of dispersant
2 parts of plasticizer
Cured 5 parts of PE.
The present invention compared with prior art, is had the following advantages using above technical scheme：
1st, the content of anthocyanidin is 450 mg kg in asparagus spear epidermis-1More than, the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus is high；
2nd, asparagus harvesting number of days is extended, the young age bamboo shoot of less than 3 years can harvest 60d ~ 70d, can be adopted into age bamboo shoot within 3 years or more Receive 90d ~ 100d；
3rd, the temperature in facility maintains 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C throughout the year, and sunlight hiding rare reaches 99.5%；
4th, economic benefit adds 70% ~ 80%；
5th, using the method for the present invention, asparagus cultivation pattern has been innovated, the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus has been improved, enriches The species of asparagus product.
Specific embodiment
A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin of embodiment 1
Step 1: nursery
High-yield varieties, the early Januaries such as ' large rich ', ' the western giant in pool ' is selected to use vinyl house feeding block seedlings raising, in 4 months, The strong sprout field planting of high 30 ~ 35 cm of last ten-days period roguing.
Step 2: field planting
1 week before field planting, field planting ditch, 1 m of ditch width, 0.5 m of depth are dug along landform tendency, the sideline spacing of adjacent two ditch is 1 m, the mellow soil layer of 25 cm and 25 below cm raw soil layers are separated during ditching；
The Soil and Fertilizer mixing back-filling trench bottom of mellow soil layer；Raw soil layer backfill kind planting ditch top is poured water heavy real；
The fertilizer is：The mixed fertilizer of decomposed manure and ternary compound fertilizer；
The dosage of the fertilizer is：The mixed fertilizer of mellow soil layer soil dug out per acre include decomposed manure 4000 ~ 50 kg of 5000 kg and ternary compound fertilizer；The ternary compound fertilizer：Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content 20%, 10%, 20%, the percentage Number is mass percent.
Using bunch planting way, two row asparagus of plant in field planting ditch are 0.25 cm per line-spacing limes marginis, line-spacing 50 in ditch Cm, for bamboo shoot field average row away from for 1 m, spacing in the rows is 25 ~ 28 cm, and density is 2380 ~ 2660 plants/acre, makes what asparagus seedling was extracted out at first The aerial stem of plant direction of growth is consistent with the direction of field planting row, 5 ~ 6 cm of earthing and by real, watering after cultivation.
Normal growth then is colonized, does not adopt bamboo shoot.
Step 3: clear garden
Second year early spring, thoroughly clear garden, the mu at the beginning of 3 months applied 4000 ~ 5000 kg of decomposed manure, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are 20%th, 10%, 20% 40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer opens 5 cm zanjons away from 25 ~ 30 cm of bamboo shoot strain in bamboo shoot row both sides and uniformly applies, in time Watering moisture creating, the percentage is mass percent.
Step 4: overlay film
Behind clear garden, shed is built in bamboo shoot field, canopy specification is wide 1 m, high 0.6 ~ 0.7 m, and two narrow row asparagus, bamboo shoot are covered per canopy 25 cm of line-spacing canopy edge covers the heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of astigmatism on canopy.
Low temperature season, the light absorption radiating layer for regulating and controlling film cover outwardly, and broad absorption sunlight is changed into thermal energy, increase facility Interior temperature；The low temperature season：3 ~ May；
High temperature season, the light scattering layer for regulating and controlling film cover outwardly, can astigmatism it is heat-insulated, reduce facility in temperature, shading rate can Up to 99.5%；The high temperature season：The first tenday period of a month in May ~ early July.
After regulation and control film covers, around one week baltimore groove for digging depth 5cm wide 6-8cm of canopy on the outside of canopy, by regulation and control film edge paving Enter in baltimore groove, then earthing is lived membrane pressure is regulated and controled, and is so buried in the earth the edge for regulating and controlling film, is avoided ventilation and penetrating light.
25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C are maintained in canopy.
Step 5: irradiation is handled
When asparagus spear is unearthed 15 cm ~ 18 cm, you can carry out irradiation processing.
Adopt the bamboo shoot phase every 3 d irradiations processing once.
If morning intensity of illumination is 700-1000 μm of ol m-2 s-1, 4 h of every morning irradiation processing；
If morning intensity of illumination is more than 1000 μm of ol m-2 s-1, 2 h of every morning irradiation processing；
Above-mentioned irradiation processing：The heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of astigmatism is opened completely, makes the asparagus grown under dark surrounds Tender stem quickly receives light stimulation, and induction generates anthocyanidin, and when irradiation processing is completed, the heat-insulated heat radiation of astigmatism is regulated and controled membrane cover Sternly, dark surrounds is recovered.
Step 6: adopt bamboo shoot
More than asparagus spear ground grow to 22cm ~ 25cm, you can harvested, adopt bamboo shoot daily 2 times, in the morning with dusk light Bamboo shoot are adopted when line is weaker respectively 1 time.
During harvesting, shading film is gradually started in canopy one side, is adopted the cut-out of satisfactory tender stem with bamboo shoot knife patch ground is adopted Go out, be put into and adopt in bamboo shoot case, avoid exposing to the weather and dehydration aging, rotten, section will be put down, and avoid damage to bulb bud, along row to side Side epiphragma is harvested, asparagus is reduced to the greatest extent exposed to the outer time, avoids light transmission.
Less than 3 years young age bamboo shoot harvesting 60d ~ 70d, 3 years or more into age bamboo shoot harvest 90d ~ 100d.In asparagus spear epidermis The content of anthocyanidin is up to 450 mg kg-1More than, significantly improve the nutritive and medicinal value of asparagus.
Step 7: adopt field management after bamboo shoot
After adopting bamboo shoot, remove regulation and control film and shed in time, by the training of asparagus row into the earth ridge of the cm high of 15 cm ~ 20, with profit In draining, irrigation and ventilation, mitigate germ reproduction.
It removes mu after film and applies the kg of 4000 kg of decomposed manure ~ 5000, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ternary of potassium content 20%, 10%, 20% are answered 50 kg of Hefei, 20 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium sulfate；, the percentage is mass percent；
It is 60% or so to maintain 0 ~ 30 cm soil layers relative water content of bamboo shoot field, is sent out soon with promoting stem branch, enhances the photosynthetic same of cauline leaf Change ability increases the storage capacity of assimilation quotient in root, lays the foundation for high yield of lower season.
White asparagus vegetative growth phase is exactly stem wilt pathogen infection activation phase, is flutterred with 50% red 500 times of liquid+50% of bacterium gram 1000 times of+50% Wakil Fluoxastrobin of 500 times of liquid of 800 times of liquid of glycolylurea wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder Liquid, every 7 ~ 10 d are sprayed once, are continuously sprayed 4 ~ 5 times, can effectively be reduced disease index, the percentage is quality percentage Number.
Using the present invention, phenylalanine lyases in white asparagus tender stem（PAL）Gene, cinnamic acid hydroxylase（C4H）Gene, Chalcone synthase（CHS）Gene, enzyme, namely chalcone isomerase（CHI）Gene, 4-reductase of flavanonol（DFR）The anthocyanidin such as gene The relative expression quantity of synthesis key gene is higher, and enzymatic activity is most strong, can induce anthocyanidin and largely synthesizes.
The present invention regulates and controls film using the heat-insulated heat radiation of covering astigmatism, and sunlight hiding rare is made to reach 99.5%, heat-insulated using astigmatism Temperature in the astigmatism face and extinction face control facility of heat radiation regulation and control film, realizes the dark surrounds needed for asparagus growth, substitution It trains big ridge and forms dark surrounds, Various Seasonal uses different faces.Using the method for the present invention, regulated and controled using the heat-insulated heat radiation of astigmatism Film realizes the dark surrounds of asparagus growth, instead of artificial banking up method, facilitates carry out photo-irradiation treatment, according to different light intensities The relative expression quantity of lower anthocyanidin synthesis related gene, determines the irradiation time, and anthocyanidin content largely increases in asparagus spear epidermis Add；Using the method for the present invention, the light absorption radiating layer of the heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of astigmatism outwards covers, and sunlight hiding rare reaches 99.5%, temperature in facility can be increased, light scattering layer outwards covers, and can reduce temperature in facility.Using the method for the present invention, Bai Lu Bamboo shoot list one month earlier, and economic benefit adds 70% ~ 80%.
A kind of special heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of astigmatism of embodiment 2
The heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film of astigmatism used in 1 step 4 of embodiment includes light scattering layer and light absorption radiating layer；
Light scattering layer formula of master batch：
The light scattering layer master batch is rutile type titanium white, LDPE（Low density polyethylene (LDPE)）Master batch；Light scattering layer is female The specific proportion by weight of grain raw material is as follows：
Formula one：
The specific proportion by weight of master batch raw material is as follows：
426 parts of rutile type titanium white
30 parts of II -200 types of stearic acid YA-
Cured 27 parts of PE
420 parts of LDPE
97 parts of LLDPE
Formula two：
426 parts of rutile type titanium white
0.6 part of phthalocyanine blue
30 parts of II -200 types of stearic acid YA-
26.4 parts of PE waxes
340.8 parts of LDPE
150 parts of LLDPE
Formula three：The specific proportion by weight of master batch raw material is as follows：
427 parts of rutile type titanium white
20 parts of PE waxes
23 parts of oleamide
530 parts of LDPE
Rutile type titanium white in above-mentioned light scattering layer formula of master batch：Density 4.26g/cm3, refractive index 2.73, TiO2Contain It measures as 98%, average grain diameter is less than 0.6 μm.
Light absorption radiating layer formula of master batch：
The light absorption radiating layer master batch is carbon black, silicon carbide micro-powder, LDPE（Low density polyethylene (LDPE)）Master batch；Light absorption The specific proportion by weight of radiating layer master batch raw material is as follows：
Formula one：
45 parts of LDPE
30 parts of LLDPE
2 parts of carbon black
18 parts of carborundum powder
2 parts of coupling agent
1 part of dispersant
2 parts of plasticizer
Cured 2 parts of PE
Formula two：
75 parts of LDPE
25 parts of LLDPE
Cured 2.2 parts of PE
2 parts of carbon black
18 parts of carborundum powder
3 parts of coupling agent
3 parts of dispersant
2 parts of plasticizer
Formula three：
75 parts of LDPE
30 parts of LLDPE
2 parts of carbon black
15 parts of carborundum powder
2 parts of coupling agent
1.8 parts of dispersant
2 parts of plasticizer
Cured 5 parts of PE
The coupling agent is：Titanate esters NDZ-105；
The dispersant is：DCA-810；
The carbon black is：Black masterbatch UN2014；
The plasticizer is：Dibutyl phthalate（DBP）.
The heat-insulated heat radiation regulation and control film thickness of astigmatism of the present invention is 110 μm.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, It, for those skilled in the art, still can be with although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments It modifies to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should be included in the guarantor of the present invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin, it is characterised in that：Including overlay film, irradiation processing step；
The overlay film step：After overlay film, temperature of shed maintains 25 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C；
The film regulates and controls film for the heat-insulated heat radiation of astigmatism, including light scattering layer and light absorption radiating layer；
The light scattering layer, in parts by weight, including following components：
427 parts of rutile type titanium white
20 parts of PE waxes
23 parts of oleamide
530 parts of LDPE；
The light absorption radiating layer, in parts by weight, including following components：
75 parts of LDPE
30 parts of LLDPE
2 parts of carbon black
15 parts of carborundum powder
2 parts of coupling agent
1.8 parts of dispersant
2 parts of plasticizer
5 parts of PE waxes；
The irradiation processing step：Asparagus spear be unearthed height for 15 cm ~ 18 cm when, carry out irradiation processing；
If morning intensity of illumination is 700-1000 μm of olm-2·s-1, 4 h of every morning irradiation processing；
If morning intensity of illumination is more than 1000 μm of olm-2·s-1, 2 h of every morning irradiation processing；The irradiation processing：It will The film of covering is opened, when irradiation processing is completed, then membrane cover is tight；
Adopt the bamboo shoot phase every 3 d irradiations processing once；
The asparagus cultivation method further includes field planting；The field planting：50 cm of line-spacing in ditch is colonized, 1.5 m of line-spacing between ditch is put down 1 m of equal line-spacing, spacing in the rows are 25 ~ 28 cm, and planting density is 2380 ~ 2660 plants/acre；
The asparagus cultivation method further includes clear garden；The clear garden：Apply 4000 ~ 5000 kg of decomposed manure including mu, nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium content is 20%, 10%, 20% 40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer；
The asparagus cultivation method further include nursery, adopt bamboo shoot, adopt bamboo shoot after field management step；
The nursery step：The seedling field planting of high 30 ~ 35 cm of roguing；
Described adopts bamboo shoot step：It more than asparagus spear ground grows to 22cm ~ 25cm, is harvested, adopt bamboo shoot daily 2 times；3 years with Under harvest the d of 60 d ~ 70 in one season of young age bamboo shoot, 3 years or more into harvesting the d of 90 d ~ 100 in one season of age bamboo shoot；
The field management step after adopting bamboo shoot：After adopting bamboo shoot, remove regulation and control film and shed, asparagus row is trained into 15 cm ~ 20 The earth ridge of cm high；
Mu applies 4000 kg of decomposed manure ~ 5000 kg, nitrogen, phosphorus, 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer of potassium content 20%, 10%, 20%, 20 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium sulfate；
White asparagus vegetative growth phase, with 50% red 500 times of liquid of bacterium gram and the mixed liquor of 50% 800 times of liquid of iprodione wettable powder, Or the mixed liquor of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 500 times of liquid and 50% 1000 times of liquid of Wakil Fluoxastrobin, every 7 ~ 10 d sprays It applies once, continuously sprays 4 ~ 5 times.
CN201510787435.XA 2015-11-17 2015-11-17 A kind of asparagus cultivation method rich in anthocyanidin Expired - Fee Related CN105325168B (en)

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CN105432317B (en) * 2015-11-17 2018-05-18 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 A kind of dense planting high-yield planting method of white asparagus
CN108283106A (en) * 2017-07-13 2018-07-17 四川农业大学 A kind of method of winter production folding basal part of the ear bamboo shoot

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