CN108293543A - A kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology - Google Patents
A kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293543A CN108293543A CN201610776523.4A CN201610776523A CN108293543A CN 108293543 A CN108293543 A CN 108293543A CN 201610776523 A CN201610776523 A CN 201610776523A CN 108293543 A CN108293543 A CN 108293543A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technologies, using scientific and reasonable seedling and nursery stock breeding technique, specification culturing and planting pattern and production period whole process control pattern, improve the resistance of blueberry plant, promote blueberries healthy growth, blueberries overall yield and fruit grade are improved, ensures the healthy and orderly development of blueberry industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blueberry planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology.
Background technology
Blueberry category Ericaceae, cowberry platymiscium, perennial shrub small berries fruit tree.Blueberry is rich in anthocyanidin, nutriture value
It is worth high, has the function of to prevent cranial nerve aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer softening blood vessel, enhancing human organism immune etc..Due to high
Health value, one of five big healthy fruit that blueberry has been recommended by the World Food Programme.
Blueberry pulp exquisiteness, unique flavor, moderately sour and sweet have fragrant refreshing pleasant fragrance, such as protein, dimension during indigo plant is malicious
The conventional nutrients content very abundant of raw rope etc., blueberry can effectively reduce cholesterol, and atherosclerosis promotes the heart
Vascular health has enhancing cardiac function, pre- anti-cancer and cardiopathic effect, and cranial nerve aging, enhancing can be prevented mental, can be with
Strengthen eyesight, mitigates eyeball fatigue, treat general cold, have sore throat and the diseases such as diarrhea.
Since good nutrition and medicines and health protection act on, Blueberry and its deep parent by consumers in general of deep processed product
It looks at, from the point of view of the relation between supply and demand of entire blueberry and auxiliary product, shows apparent supply falls short of demand phenomenon, and with the level of consumption
Increasingly promotion, for high-quality nuisanceless blueberry demand by bigger.It is scientific and normal for improving blueberry product and overall quality
Blueberry growing and cultivation technology be particularly important.
Existing blueberry growing and cultivation technology still generally uses traditional extensive cropping pattern, blueberry plant to resist
Disease pest is poor, depends on pesticide and chemical reagent for a long time, and under the blueberries low output for leading to harvest, fruit grade is not high, production
Inefficiencies are unfavorable for modernizing the healthy and orderly development of blueberry industry.
Based on the above analysis, my company sets up blueberry growing and cultivation research and development group, is ground by long-term on-the-spot test and experiment
Study carefully, a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology of design, using scientific and reasonable seedling and nursery stock breeding technique, specification is planted
Field planting pattern and production period whole process control pattern are trained, the resistance of blueberry plant is improved, promotes blueberries healthy growth, improves blueberry
Fruit overall yield and fruit grade ensure the healthy and orderly development of blueberry industry.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to for during existing blueberry growing and cultivation, design is a kind of high-quality
Nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology, using scientific and reasonable seedling and nursery stock breeding technique, specification culturing and planting pattern and life
Term whole process control pattern improves the resistance of blueberry plant, promotes blueberries healthy growth, improves blueberries overall yield and fruit
Product grade ensures the healthy and orderly development of blueberry industry.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
A kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step（1）Select to building well：Traffic convenience is selected, fills draining conveniently, prepartion of land concentrates sand in flakes to build
Garden, soil pH value are 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the soil organism is not less than 8%, and building well scale is between 300 ~ 500 mu；
Step（2）Plant land soil：Improved the soil method using full garden, it is in the previous year of blueberry plantation, planting site soil is more
It is secondary plough deeply it is smooth；It is improved to being not suitable for soil, in improved, process, in clay admixes sandy soil；It is deep in the thin plot of soil layer
Thickening soil layer is turned over, plant turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf, sawdust and Cosan is added during ploughing deeply；By application Cosan,
Acid turf is adjusted and the variation of periodic detection P in soil H values, increases soil using turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf and sawdust
Earth organic matter adjusts soil organic value to 10%；
Step（3）Planting site repaiies gutter, plays field planting ridge：Zanjon drains, and big row dense planting is colonized the previous moon, has dug gutter,
Carry out field planting ridge；For the garden of the flat unfavorable draining of topography, gutter has been dug first before doing field planting ridge, depth of drainage ditch is wanted
It asks less than kind of a planting ditch 20cm or more, it is desirable that draining surface pond in 2 hours after rainfall is advisable, and gutter is oriented parallel to whole
A garden water (flow) direction is less than 20m with the maximum distance of drainage point to gutter and designs gutter perpendicular to kind of a planting ditch direction
Quantity；
When playing field planting ridge, 1 field planting ridge is done on the ground of every 2.3~2.5m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, ridge face width 100 ~ 120cm, adjacent
It is 60~80cm to be colonized the distance between ridge bottom；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, is then being planted
Suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide is added in the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness, and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then by these soil
Roll up plantation ridge face, so that ridge face height is reached 50cm, the width on ridge reaches 100 ~ 120cm；
Step（4）Planting site irrigating facility is laid with：Irrigating facility is installed before seedling planting, is supplied water using trickle irrigation；
Step（5）Seedling selection and breeding：The blueberry tender shoots slice selected is put into tissue culture medium (TCM), is placed in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of incubators, permanent
Temperature culture 40 ~ 50 days, natural lighting；The seedling obtained after tissue cultures is immersed in the rooting agent solution of 5 ~ 50mg/kg, control
Solution temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and the seedling after the completion of immersion is placed in culture medium by soaking time 1-2min, in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature
It is cultivated 20 ~ 30 days in constant incubator, it is spare to obtain rooted seedling for natural lighting；
Step（6）Seedling planting：Field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by 55 ~ 60cm of spacing in the rows, field planting water is watered with after field planting, is then used
Sawdust or pine needle cover ridge face, and cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face
Moistening；
Step（7）Soil fertilizer and water management：
In ground mulching when soil management, ground moistening is kept, is often drained, plants planting ditch not ponding；
Plant 2 dropper water droppers of every plant of installation after field planting, are located at plant both sides, carry out field irrigation, keep soil phase
To humidity 70% ~ 80%, irrigation process is same from dropper to apply the micro- fertilizer of low concentration；
Step（8）Pest management：Using environmentally protective biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, white during blueberry plant strain growth
Stiff bacterium prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net；
Step（9）：Blueberry plant tree body is trimmed：
The trimming of treelet phase starts to trim branch to expand tree crown as principle after young plant height reaches 85cm, wipes out deadwood, old
Branch, sick branch, thin and delicate and branch descending branch then cut overstocked branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, cut center branch, reduce the height of young plant
Degree promotes crosswise development；
First fruiting period trimming is taken into account using a small amount of result expands tree crown as principle, and adult tree-pruning should remove the thin and delicate branch of tree crown everywhere
With branch group gradually weak due to result, bounce back advantage branch group that is weak because of result and being replaced by innovation group, in a planned way
Bounce back bough；
Step（10）：Blueberries harvest：To accomplish after fruit maturation it is i.e. ripe adopt, picking after the completion of trim 80% old branch, promote
It sets out shoot.
Further, the step（2）The dosage standard of middle Cosan is 1 ~ 1. 5kg/m3。
Further, the step（2）Middle turf：Rice husk：Wheat husk：Leaf：The volume ratio of sawdust is 4:3:1:3:5.
Further, the step（3）In rise field planting ridge when, per 2.5m wide ground do 1 field planting ridge, ridge is 50 centimetres high,
Ridge face width 120cm, the distance between adjacent field planting ridge bottom are 80cm；When doing field planting ridge, play 30cm's high with original soil first
Then suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide is added in kind of the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness in ridge face, and be sufficiently mixed
It is even, then these soil are rolled up into plantation ridge face, so that ridge face height is reached 50cm, the width on ridge reaches 120cm.
Further, the step（6）In, in seedling planting, field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by spacing in the rows 60cm, field planting
After be watered with field planting water, then use sawdust or pine needle to cover ridge face, cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing
Weed growth and holding ridge face moistening.
The present invention provides a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technologies, and compared with prior art, advantageous effect exists
In：
1, the high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that designs of the present invention, in field planting early period, to the correct addressing in blueberry plantation,
The soil environment of transformation plantation garden and water flowing, transform the soil pH value for planting garden as 4.5 ~ 5.5, the content of organic matter reaches
To 8% or more, good soil environment and ecological environment are provided for blueberry plantation, is the production of the blueberries of high yield, high-quality
It lays a good foundation.
2, the high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that the present invention designs selects tissue cultures in the seedling selection and breeding stage
Mode carry out nontoxic selection, it is ensured that obtain blueberry seedling health it is nontoxic, for entire blueberry non-polluted cultivation establish it is good
Seedling resource improves the whole resistance of blueberry production period, improves disease and insect resistance, reduces the dependence to pesticide, is high-quality nuisanceless indigo plant
The production of certain kind of berries fruit lays the foundation.
3, the high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that the present invention designs, in the pest management stage, using green ring
Biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, muscardine prevention and the farming practices of guarantor carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net, reduce
Dependence to pesticide eliminates influence of the pesticide for blueberry quality, ensure that the planting benefit of blueberry, be conducive to blueberry industry
Healthy and orderly development.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described further refering to embodiment below.
The present invention relates to a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technologies, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
Step（1）Select to building well：Traffic convenience is selected, fills draining conveniently, prepartion of land concentrates sand in flakes to build
Garden, soil pH value are 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the soil organism is not less than 8%, and building well scale is between 300 ~ 500 mu；
Step（2）Plant land soil：Improved the soil method using full garden, it is in the previous year of blueberry plantation, planting site soil is more
It is secondary plough deeply it is smooth；It is improved to being not suitable for soil, in improved, process, in clay admixes sandy soil；It is deep in the thin plot of soil layer
Thickening soil layer is turned over, plant turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf, sawdust and Cosan is added during ploughing deeply；By application Cosan,
Acid turf is adjusted and the variation of periodic detection P in soil H values, increases soil using turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf and sawdust
Earth organic matter adjusts soil organic value to 10%；
Step（3）Planting site repaiies gutter, plays field planting ridge：Zanjon drains, and big row dense planting is colonized the previous moon, has dug gutter,
Carry out field planting ridge；For the garden of the flat unfavorable draining of topography, gutter has been dug first before doing field planting ridge, depth of drainage ditch is wanted
It asks less than kind of a planting ditch 20cm or more, it is desirable that draining surface pond in 2 hours after rainfall is advisable, and gutter is oriented parallel to whole
A garden water (flow) direction is less than 20m with the maximum distance of drainage point to gutter and designs gutter perpendicular to kind of a planting ditch direction
Quantity；
When playing field planting ridge, 1 field planting ridge is done on the ground of every 2.3~2.5m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, ridge face width 100 ~ 120cm, adjacent
It is 60~80cm to be colonized the distance between ridge bottom；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, is then being planted
Suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide is added in the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness, and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then by these soil
Roll up plantation ridge face, so that ridge face height is reached 50cm, the width on ridge reaches 100 ~ 120cm；
Step（4）Planting site irrigating facility is laid with：Irrigating facility is installed before seedling planting, is supplied water using trickle irrigation；
Step（5）Seedling selection and breeding：The blueberry tender shoots slice selected is put into tissue culture medium (TCM), is placed in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of incubators, permanent
Temperature culture 40 ~ 50 days, natural lighting；The seedling obtained after tissue cultures is immersed in the rooting agent solution of 5 ~ 50mg/kg, control
Solution temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and the seedling after the completion of immersion is placed in culture medium by soaking time 1-2min, in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature
It is cultivated 20 ~ 30 days in constant incubator, it is spare to obtain rooted seedling for natural lighting；
Step（6）Seedling planting：Field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by 55 ~ 60cm of spacing in the rows, field planting water is watered with after field planting, is then used
Sawdust or pine needle cover ridge face, and cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face
Moistening；
Step（7）Soil fertilizer and water management：
In ground mulching when soil management, ground moistening is kept, is often drained, plants planting ditch not ponding；
Plant 2 dropper water droppers of every plant of installation after field planting, are located at plant both sides, carry out field irrigation, keep soil phase
To humidity 70% ~ 80%, irrigation process is same from dropper to apply the micro- fertilizer of low concentration；
Step（8）Pest management：Using environmentally protective biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, white during blueberry plant strain growth
Stiff bacterium prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net；
Step（9）：Blueberry plant tree body is trimmed：
The trimming of treelet phase starts to trim branch to expand tree crown as principle after young plant height reaches 85cm, wipes out deadwood, old
Branch, sick branch, thin and delicate and branch descending branch then cut overstocked branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, cut center branch, reduce the height of young plant
Degree promotes crosswise development；
First fruiting period trimming is taken into account using a small amount of result expands tree crown as principle, and adult tree-pruning should remove the thin and delicate branch of tree crown everywhere
With branch group gradually weak due to result, bounce back advantage branch group that is weak because of result and being replaced by innovation group, in a planned way
Bounce back bough；
Step（10）：Blueberries harvest：To accomplish after fruit maturation it is i.e. ripe adopt, picking after the completion of trim 80% old branch, promote
It sets out shoot.
Preferably as improvement, the step（2）The dosage standard of middle Cosan is 1 ~ 1. 5kg/m3。
Preferably as improvement, the step（2）Middle turf：Rice husk：Wheat husk：Leaf：The volume ratio of sawdust is 4:3:1:
3:5。
Preferably as improvement, the step（3）In rise field planting ridge when, per 2.5m wide ground do 1 field planting ridge, ridge
50 centimetres high, ridge face width 120cm, the distance between adjacent field planting ridge bottom is 80cm；When doing field planting ridge, risen first with original soil
Then suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide is added in the ridge face of 30cm high in kind of the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness, and fully
It is uniformly mixed, then these soil is rolled up into plantation ridge face, so that ridge face height is reached 50cm, the width on ridge reaches 120cm.
Preferably as improvement, the step（6）In, in seedling planting, field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, by spacing in the rows 60cm
Field planting, is watered with field planting water after field planting, sawdust or pine needle is then used to cover ridge face, cladding thickness require to reach after implementing 10cm with
On, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face moistening.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effect is：The high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that the present invention designs,
It is colonized early period, to the correct addressing in blueberry plantation, the soil environment of transformation plantation garden and water flowing will plant the soil of garden
PH value transform 4.5 ~ 5.5 as, and the content of organic matter reaches 8% or more, and good soil environment and ecological ring are provided for blueberry plantation
Border, the production for the blueberries of high yield, high-quality lay a good foundation.
The high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that the present invention designs selects tissue cultures in the seedling selection and breeding stage
Mode carries out nontoxic selection, it is ensured that acquisition blueberry seedling health is nontoxic, and good seedling is established for entire blueberry non-polluted cultivation
Resource improves the whole resistance of blueberry production period, improves disease and insect resistance, reduces the dependence to pesticide, is high-quality nuisanceless blueberry
The production of fruit lays the foundation.
The high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology that the present invention designs, in the pest management stage, use is environmentally protective
Biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, muscardine prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net, reduce pair
The dependence of pesticide eliminates influence of the pesticide for blueberry quality, ensure that the planting benefit of blueberry, be conducive to blueberry industry
Healthy and orderly development.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step（1）Select to building well：Traffic convenience is selected, fills draining conveniently, prepartion of land concentrates sand in flakes to build
Garden, soil pH value are 4.5 ~ 5.2, and the soil organism is not less than 8%, and building well scale is at 300 mu；
Step（2）Plant land soil：Improved the soil method using full garden, it is in the previous year of blueberry plantation, planting site soil is more
It is secondary plough deeply it is smooth；It is improved to being not suitable for soil, in improved, process, in clay admixes sandy soil；It is deep in the thin plot of soil layer
Thickening soil layer is turned over, plant turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf, sawdust and Cosan is added during ploughing deeply；By application Cosan,
Acid turf is adjusted and the variation of periodic detection P in soil H values, increases soil using turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf and sawdust
Earth organic matter adjusts soil organic value to 10%；
Step（3）Planting site repaiies gutter, plays field planting ridge：Zanjon drains, and big row dense planting is colonized the previous moon, has dug gutter,
Carry out field planting ridge；For the garden of the flat unfavorable draining of topography, gutter has been dug first before doing field planting ridge, depth of drainage ditch is wanted
It asks less than kind of a planting ditch 20cm or more, it is desirable that draining surface pond in 2 hours after rainfall is advisable, and gutter is oriented parallel to whole
A garden water (flow) direction is less than 20m with the maximum distance of drainage point to gutter and designs gutter perpendicular to kind of a planting ditch direction
Quantity；
When playing field planting ridge, 1 field planting ridge is done on the ground per 2.3m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, ridge face width 100cm, adjacent field planting ridge bottom
The distance between portion is 60cm；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, then in kind of planting ditch 20cm thickness
Suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide are added in soil, and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then these soil are rolled up into plantation ridge
Face finally makes ridge face height reach 50cm, and the width on ridge reaches 100cm；
Step（4）Planting site irrigating facility is laid with：Irrigating facility is installed before seedling planting, is supplied water using trickle irrigation；
Step（5）Seedling selection and breeding：The blueberry tender shoots slice selected is put into tissue culture medium (TCM), is placed in 25 DEG C of incubators, constant temperature
Culture 40 days, natural lighting；The seedling obtained after tissue cultures is immersed in the rooting agent solution of 5mg/kg, controls solution temperature
It it is 20 DEG C, the seedling after the completion of immersion is placed in culture medium by soaking time 1min, is cultivated in 25 DEG C of constant incubators of temperature
20 days, it is spare to obtain rooted seedling for natural lighting；
Step（6）Seedling planting：Field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by spacing in the rows 55cm, field planting water is watered with after field planting, then uses sawdust
Or pine needle covers ridge face, cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face moistening；
Step（7）Soil fertilizer and water management：
In ground mulching when soil management, ground moistening is kept, is often drained, plants planting ditch not ponding；
Plant 2 dropper water droppers of every plant of installation after field planting, are located at plant both sides, carry out field irrigation, keep soil phase
To humidity 70%, irrigation process is same from dropper to apply the micro- fertilizer of low concentration；
Step（8）Pest management：Using environmentally protective biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, white during blueberry plant strain growth
Stiff bacterium prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net；
Step（9）：Blueberry plant tree body is trimmed：
The trimming of treelet phase starts to trim branch to expand tree crown as principle after young plant height reaches 85cm, wipes out deadwood, old
Branch, sick branch, thin and delicate and branch descending branch then cut overstocked branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, cut center branch, reduce the height of young plant
Degree promotes crosswise development；
First fruiting period trimming is taken into account using a small amount of result expands tree crown as principle, and adult tree-pruning should remove the thin and delicate branch of tree crown everywhere
With branch group gradually weak due to result, bounce back advantage branch group that is weak because of result and being replaced by innovation group, in a planned way
Bounce back bough；
Step（10）：Blueberries harvest：To accomplish after fruit maturation it is i.e. ripe adopt, picking after the completion of trim 80% old branch, promote
It sets out shoot.
The blueberries produced using above-mentioned technology carry out stochastical sampling in third year, and through data analysis, per mu yield is about
2500kg, high quality fruit is up to 90%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step（1）Select to building well：Traffic convenience is selected, fills draining conveniently, prepartion of land concentrates sand in flakes to build
Garden, soil pH value are 5.1 ~ 5.5, and the soil organism is not less than 8%, and building well scale is between 500 mu；
Step（2）Plant land soil：Improved the soil method using full garden, it is in the previous year of blueberry plantation, planting site soil is more
It is secondary plough deeply it is smooth；It is improved to being not suitable for soil, in improved, process, in clay admixes sandy soil；It is deep in the thin plot of soil layer
Thickening soil layer is turned over, plant turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf, sawdust and Cosan is added during ploughing deeply；By application Cosan,
Acid turf is adjusted and the variation of periodic detection P in soil H values, increases soil using turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf and sawdust
Earth organic matter adjusts soil organic value to 10%；
Step（3）Planting site repaiies gutter, plays field planting ridge：Zanjon drains, and big row dense planting is colonized the previous moon, has dug gutter,
Carry out field planting ridge；For the garden of the flat unfavorable draining of topography, gutter has been dug first before doing field planting ridge, depth of drainage ditch is wanted
It asks less than kind of a planting ditch 20cm or more, it is desirable that draining surface pond in 2 hours after rainfall is advisable, and gutter is oriented parallel to whole
A garden water (flow) direction is less than 20m with the maximum distance of drainage point to gutter and designs gutter perpendicular to kind of a planting ditch direction
Quantity；
When playing field planting ridge, 1 field planting ridge is done on the ground per 2.5m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, ridge face width 120cm, adjacent field planting ridge bottom
The distance between portion is 80cm；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, then in kind of planting ditch 20cm thickness
Suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide are added in soil, and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then these soil are rolled up into plantation ridge
Face finally makes ridge face height reach 50cm, and the width on ridge reaches 120cm；
Step（4）Planting site irrigating facility is laid with：Irrigating facility is installed before seedling planting, is supplied water using trickle irrigation；
Step（5）Seedling selection and breeding：The blueberry tender shoots slice selected is put into tissue culture medium (TCM), is placed in 30 DEG C of incubators, constant temperature
Culture 50 days, natural lighting；The seedling obtained after tissue cultures is immersed in the rooting agent solution of 50mg/kg, controls solution temperature
Degree is 25 DEG C, and the seedling after the completion of immersion is placed in culture medium by soaking time 2min, is trained in 30 DEG C of constant incubators of temperature
It supports 30 days, it is spare to obtain rooted seedling for natural lighting；
Step（6）Seedling planting：Field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by spacing in the rows 60cm, field planting water is watered with after field planting, then uses sawdust
Or pine needle covers ridge face, cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face moistening；
Step（7）Soil fertilizer and water management：
In ground mulching when soil management, ground moistening is kept, is often drained, plants planting ditch not ponding；
Plant 2 dropper water droppers of every plant of installation after field planting, are located at plant both sides, carry out field irrigation, keep soil phase
To humidity 80%, irrigation process is same from dropper to apply the micro- fertilizer of low concentration；
Step（8）Pest management：Using environmentally protective biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, white during blueberry plant strain growth
Stiff bacterium prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net；
Step（9）：Blueberry plant tree body is trimmed：
The trimming of treelet phase starts to trim branch to expand tree crown as principle after young plant height reaches 85cm, wipes out deadwood, old
Branch, sick branch, thin and delicate and branch descending branch then cut overstocked branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, cut center branch, reduce the height of young plant
Degree promotes crosswise development；
First fruiting period trimming is taken into account using a small amount of result expands tree crown as principle, and adult tree-pruning should remove the thin and delicate branch of tree crown everywhere
With branch group gradually weak due to result, bounce back advantage branch group that is weak because of result and being replaced by innovation group, in a planned way
Bounce back bough；
Step（10）：Blueberries harvest：To accomplish after fruit maturation it is i.e. ripe adopt, picking after the completion of trim 80% old branch, promote
It sets out shoot.
The blueberries produced using above-mentioned technology carry out stochastical sampling in third year, and through data analysis, per mu yield is about
2350kg, high quality fruit is up to 93%.
As described above, you can the present invention is applied.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step（1）Select to building well：Traffic convenience is selected, fills draining conveniently, prepartion of land concentrates sand in flakes to build
Garden, soil pH value are 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the soil organism is not less than 8%, and building well scale is between 300 ~ 500 mu；
Step（2）Plant land soil：Improved the soil method using full garden, it is in the previous year of blueberry plantation, planting site soil is more
It is secondary plough deeply it is smooth；It is improved to being not suitable for soil, in improved, process, in clay admixes sandy soil；It is deep in the thin plot of soil layer
Thickening soil layer is turned over, plant turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf, sawdust and Cosan is added during ploughing deeply；By application Cosan,
Acid turf is adjusted and the variation of periodic detection P in soil H values, increases soil using turf, rice husk, wheat husk, leaf and sawdust
Earth organic matter adjusts soil organic value to 10%；
Step（3）Planting site repaiies gutter, plays field planting ridge：Zanjon drains, and big row dense planting is colonized the previous moon, has dug gutter,
Carry out field planting ridge；For the garden of the flat unfavorable draining of topography, gutter has been dug first before doing field planting ridge, depth of drainage ditch is wanted
It asks less than kind of a planting ditch 20cm or more, it is desirable that draining surface pond in 2 hours after rainfall is advisable, and gutter is oriented parallel to whole
A garden water (flow) direction is less than 20m with the maximum distance of drainage point to gutter and designs gutter perpendicular to kind of a planting ditch direction
Quantity；
When playing field planting ridge, 1 field planting ridge is done on the ground of every 2.3~2.5m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, ridge face width 100 ~ 120cm, adjacent
It is 60~80cm to be colonized the distance between ridge bottom；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, is then being planted
Suitable turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide is added in the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness, and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then by these soil
Roll up plantation ridge face, so that ridge face height is reached 50cm, the width on ridge reaches 100 ~ 120cm；
Step（4）Planting site irrigating facility is laid with：Irrigating facility is installed before seedling planting, is supplied water using trickle irrigation；
Step（5）Seedling selection and breeding：The blueberry tender shoots slice selected is put into tissue culture medium (TCM), is placed in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of incubators, permanent
Temperature culture 40 ~ 50 days, natural lighting；The seedling obtained after tissue cultures is immersed in the rooting agent solution of 5 ~ 50mg/kg, control
Solution temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and the seedling after the completion of immersion is placed in culture medium by soaking time 1-2min, in 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature
It is cultivated 20 ~ 30 days in constant incubator, it is spare to obtain rooted seedling for natural lighting；
Step（6）Seedling planting：Field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by 55 ~ 60cm of spacing in the rows, field planting water is watered with after field planting, is then used
Sawdust or pine needle cover ridge face, and cladding thickness requires to reach 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face
Moistening；
Step（7）Soil fertilizer and water management：
In ground mulching when soil management, ground moistening is kept, is often drained, plants planting ditch not ponding；
Plant 2 dropper water droppers of every plant of installation after field planting, are located at plant both sides, carry out field irrigation, keep soil phase
To humidity 70% ~ 80%, irrigation process is same from dropper to apply the micro- fertilizer of low concentration；
Step（8）Pest management：Using environmentally protective biological pesticide, lamp light trapping device, white during blueberry plant strain growth
Stiff bacterium prevention and farming practices carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, set up anti-bird net；
Step（9）：Blueberry plant tree body is trimmed：
The trimming of treelet phase starts to trim branch to expand tree crown as principle after young plant height reaches 85cm, wipes out deadwood, old
Branch, sick branch, thin and delicate and branch descending branch then cut overstocked branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, cut center branch, reduce the height of young plant
Degree promotes crosswise development；
First fruiting period trimming is taken into account using a small amount of result expands tree crown as principle, and adult tree-pruning should remove the thin and delicate branch of tree crown everywhere
With branch group gradually weak due to result, bounce back advantage branch group that is weak because of result and being replaced by innovation group, in a planned way
Bounce back bough；
Step（10）：Blueberries harvest：To accomplish after fruit maturation it is i.e. ripe adopt, picking after the completion of trim 80% old branch, promote
It sets out shoot.
2. high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology according to claim 1, the step（2）The dosage of middle Cosan
Standard is 1 ~ 1. 5kg/m3。
3. high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology according to claim 1, the step（2）Middle turf：Rice husk：Wheat
Shell：Leaf：The volume ratio of sawdust is 4:3:1:3:5.
4. high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology according to claim 1, the step（3）In rise field planting ridge when,
1 field planting ridge is done on ground per 2.5m wide, and ridge is 50 centimetres high, and ridge face width 120cm, the distance between adjacent field planting ridge bottom is
80cm；When doing field planting ridge, the ridge face of 30cm high is played with original soil first, is then added in kind of the soil of planting ditch 20cm thickness appropriate
Turfy soil, insecticide and fungicide, and be sufficiently mixed uniformly, then these soil rolled up into plantation ridge face, finally make ridge face high
Degree reaches 50cm, and the width on ridge reaches 120cm.
5. high-quality nuisanceless blueberry stereo cultivation technology according to claim 1, the step（6）In, in seedling planting
When, field planting ditch is dug in ridge face, is colonized by spacing in the rows 60cm, field planting water is watered with after field planting, then used sawdust or pine needle to cover ridge face, cover
Lid thickness requirement reaches 10cm or more after implementing, for suppressing weed growth and keeping ridge face moistening.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108990672A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving yangtse-huaihe region Blueberry quality |
| CN111386951A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-10 | 五指山南天蓝莓嘉宝果种植专业合作社 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN112167034A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2021-01-05 | 兰婷 | Method for quickly breeding blueberries and natural light microcirculation cultivation box |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201610776523.4A patent/CN108293543A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108990672A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving yangtse-huaihe region Blueberry quality |
| CN111386951A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-10 | 五指山南天蓝莓嘉宝果种植专业合作社 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN112167034A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2021-01-05 | 兰婷 | Method for quickly breeding blueberries and natural light microcirculation cultivation box |
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