CN1052849C - Cultivation technique for artificial habituation of wild alkanna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to cultivation technique for the artificial domestication of wild lithospermum, which has the steps that seeds of wild lithospermum are soaked by warmed water of 15 DEG C for 30 minutes, the seeds are uniformly stirred after taken out and are arranged on a sand soil bed of -20 DEG C to be frozen for seven days, so shells of the seeds can crack to complete seed domestication, and the seeds are planted by selecting proper sandy soil. A ditch is trenched horizontally, the width of the ditch is 2 inches, the depth is 1 inch, the pitch is 6 inches, and each ridge is planted with 100 to 200 grains of seeds. Field management is carried out after earth backing, wood roller pressing operation and emergence of seedlings, and the seedlings are reaped and bred out at the middle of September to be suitable for being planted in northeast China in large areas. The present invention has the characteristics of luxuriant branches and leaves, high contents of coloring matters and wide applicability; furthermore, the cultivation technique can be easily mastered by wide farmers, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cultivation technique provides rich lithospermum for the industrialized production of coloring matter in large scales.

Description

The Asian puccoon production method

The present invention relates to the production method of Asian puccoon, be used for the establishing in large scale Asian puccoon.

The World Health Organization calls the various countries scientist will use natural plant pigment substituted chemistry synthetic dyestuff as soon as possible since nineteen eighty-two, generally acknowledge that through the various countries scientist Alkannia is the best raw material of the synthetic haematochrome of substituted chemistry, because Alkannia lovely luster, look valency height, colorability is strong, has anti-light, heat resistanceheat resistant, anti-oxidant, anti-pH value equistability energy, can be widely used in food, beverage, cosmetics, medicine, the colouring agent of industries such as printing and dyeing, confirm to contain a large amount of superoxide dismutases in the Asian puccoon seed according to Shanghai Inst. of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences's check and analysis, be SOD, contain a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids simultaneously, 16 seed amino acids and micro-more than five kinds, these materials can be used to make high-class healthy food, health drink etc." various countries' food additives " secretary who imports and exports the compiling of commodity inspection office according to Tianjin is carried, the FAO/WHOCAC of the United Nations food additives code committee announces in 57 kinds of food colorings that allow to use just Alkannia, therefore develop the great attention that alkannin causes the World Science man, there is Japan in the country of research Asian puccoon artificial cultivation technique, the U.S., Russia, Egyptian, Israel, states such as Iran, Japan's technological precedence, fail at the research artificial cultivation technique, selecting the biotechnology measure later on again for use, is exactly to extract alkannin with artificial a large amount of methods of cultivating the alkannin cell.Chinese Government attaches great importance to the work of extracting alkannin, classify extract alkannin as State Scientific and Technological Commission's " the Seventh Five-Year Plan " " eight or five " key scientific and technological projects as, dropping into a large amount of manpowers and fund studies, serve as the tackling key problem task by Nanjing University and Nanjing Chemical Engineering College, seminar is through repeatedly artificial cultivation technique research, all cultivation is unsuccessful, finally taked the cell engineering method, also finished the cell extraction alkannin, but cell engineering does not form large-scale industrialization production capacity, do not satisfy the demand of market, have only the artificial commerial growing Asian puccoon of realization could satisfy suitability for industrialized production raw-material demand to alkannin.

What once made great efforts to explore the artificial planting technique of Asian puccoon for the scientific worker for these years, even the Japan of advanced technology also fails to solve the artificial planting technique key of Asian puccoon, they can only adopt bionic way to extract cytochrome.

The invention provides the Asian puccoon production method,, be reached for large-scale industrialization production alkannin raw-material purpose is provided to realize establishing in large scale.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following technology: the Asian puccoon production method, comprise seed soaking, sand Tibetan, sowing, harvesting, it is characterized in that: A, with 15 ℃ warm water with the immersion of seed 30 minutes, take out then and stir with the river sand of granularity less than seed, river sand is 2: 1 with the ratio of the volume of seed, be placed on carry out on the sand bed-20 ℃ freezing seven days;

B, selection draining sand good, good permeability are plantation matrix;

C, stay 15～18 centimetres of stems simultaneously at the seed of gathering, the alkanet of gathering after 30 days.

The present invention compared with prior art, because a series of technical measures, Asian puccoon with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, root system is sturdy, pigment content is high, wide adaptability, resistance against diseases strong, cultivated the northeast lithospermum erythrorrhizon of suitable the Northeast natural conditions characteristics, for large-scale industrialization is produced alkannin and SOD provides abundant raw material resources, for human lives and physical and mental health are made significant contribution.The proof Asian puccoon seed contains a large amount of hepatocupreins (SOD) through Shanghai Inst. of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.Past is to extract SOD from young calve blood always, and quantity is few, yield poorly, cost an arm and a leg, supply falls short of demand.

Extracting SOD from the Asian puccoon plant finds first, the artificial habituation of wild alkanna cultivating and growing, valuable raw material resources are provided for extracting SOD, follow the raising of scientific and technological progress and human civilization, people promote longevity by every possible means, retain youth, yet in the human body metabolic processes, produce the very strong oxygen radical of a kind of vigor, protein is destroyed at each position in vivo, fat etc., produce poisonous and harmful substances, cause the cells in vivo aging, wrinkle of skin increases, the color and luster precipitation, inflammation increases, make the people cross the jinx that presenility SOD is an oxygen radical, can in time remove the poisonous and harmful substances that oxygen radical produces, the people prolongs life as long as involve in the vigor that enough SOD just can keep cell in the body.

The various details specific embodiment.

According to technique scheme, with the seed of wild northeast lithospermum erythrorrhizon physical maturity 30 fens bracelets of emerge in worm water with 15 ℃, evenly stir with the river sand of granularity after pulling seed out less than seed, 2: 1 ratio is that a seed is mixed two parts of river sands, mixed back sand and seed and pack into simultaneously in the woven bag, lie in outdoor, above with the standing grain highland barley cover subzero 20 ℃ freezing seven days, finish the domestication process of Asian puccoon seed.Because the maturation of Asian puccoon kind base is divided two stages, phase I is that kind of base is in certainly long-term physical maturity, second stage kind base is finished the later stage maturation in shell, the condition of later stage maturation is that the seed shell must ftracture, enter enough moisture content and oxygen in the seed hulls, after the seed domestication, just can finish the later stage maturation of kind of base, just can guarantee disposable sowing, save seedling from damage.Sow in spring.

The soil is selected:

According to the Asian puccoon growth characteristics, select high-land, temperature drying, draining sandy loam good, good permeability to be advisable, wherein yellow ground soil, black sand soil are best.

Require wholely:

Asian puccoon needs rational close planting by colony's volume increase, wants broken ground to carry out bed before the sowing.18 centimetres of the height of bed, 1.2～1.5 meters of bedsides, length is not limit.Do 0.4 meter in road of industry, bed surface is smooth, is preferably in when doing bed every mu of ground for increasing fertility of land and executes 25 kilograms of 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures or diaminos.

For preventing that every mu of ground of soil insect from executing 1 kilogram of insecticide, plough the soil then, base fertilizer is mixed in soil.

Sowing:

Water furrow planting is opened traverse furrow, 6.5 centimetres of furrow widths, and 3 centimetres of ditch depths, every row is advisable with 100～120 seeds, the sowing while ditching.About every mu 50,000 strain.Tread bottom sieve frame after seed evenly spreads down, seed is treaded in the soil, seed and soil are firmly combined, the training earthing is decided by soil moisture content, and good conditions for soil moisture's earthing is 1.5 centimetres, does not press roller; Soil moisture content is poor, and the soil water content is lower than 20%, and its earthing is 3 centimetres and gets final product.Bed surface is pressed with wooden roller and is got final product for 1～2 time then.The time of sowing must not surpass April 5 then.

Sow the back and gone out full stand in about 35 days～45 days.

Field management:

After going out full stand, intertill and clean tillage three times keeps bed surface not have weeds, makes that seedling is neat, seedling strong.For preventing damage by disease and insect, to spray 500 times of carbendazim in vegetative period and irritate roots, when centimetre (6～8 leaves), just see when the flowers are in blossom that beginning is topdressed for the first time in seedling length to 18～24.Every mu of 10～15 kilograms of urea that topdress, ditching in the ranks evenly is sprinkled in the soil, then earthing; Carry out the last ten-days period in July topdressing the second time then, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, one time 800～1000 times be advisable, spray one to three time later on and spray treasured, to guarantee the robust plant growth.

The extermination of disease and insect pest

The main disease of Asian puccoon is root rot and Ye Ban disease, what harm was maximum is root rot, site of pathological change is that root and ground border on the place, and the disease characteristics are that to occur pitchy spot, prophylactico-therapeutic measures on the blade face mainly be soil selection etc., the treatment way be with 500 times of liquid 50% carbendazim irritate roots, curative effect is obvious.

Mid-September, the Asian puccoon seed of gathering.At the position of setting seeds branch is cut, with adopting with threshing, harvesting root above ground portion leaves 15～18 centimetres of stems below knot grain position, stays the ground alkanet of gathering after underground 30 days fully, and the root continued growth increases pigment content in 30 days.Threshing immediately after the harvesting should not be stacked for a long time, and the time has been grown and has been difficult for purifying, and the seed of taking off should carry out cold and shine, and carries out wet concentration after seed dries, and the seed that dries is put into water vat, and the flat seed that suspends is removed, and the seed of pulling mature and plump out dries.

The alkanet that stays is one month, make nutrient return root, the root thing weighs and pigment content should spray the real treasured of once spray in order to increase, make blade turn green, make nutrient, plough with plough when receiving root, remove earth by cutting off residual stem under the following position of the bud of surviving the winter behind the root of gathering, hair root be must guard against water and is cleaned, the airing alkanet, it is promptly disconnected to reach the folding root, is considered as dried root and packs warehouse-in.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of Asian puccoon production method comprises seed soaking sand Tibetan, sowing, harvesting, it is characterized in that:

A, seed was soaked 30 minutes, takes out then and stir with the river sand of granularity less than seed with 15 ℃ warm water, river sand and seed ratio be 2: 1; Be placed on carry out on the sand bed-20 ℃ freezing seven days;

B, selection draining sand good, good permeability are plantation matrix;

C, stay 15～18 centimetres of stems simultaneously at the seed of gathering, the alkanet of gathering after 30 days.