CN105272695B - A kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat - Google Patents
A kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272695B CN105272695B CN201510655278.7A CN201510655278A CN105272695B CN 105272695 B CN105272695 B CN 105272695B CN 201510655278 A CN201510655278 A CN 201510655278A CN 105272695 B CN105272695 B CN 105272695B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of biological medicine fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat belongs to biological pesticide technical field, which be prepared by following raw material:0.8 1.4 parts of artemisia annua, 0.6 1.2 parts of guayule rubber, 28 parts of avermectin slag, 2 parts of turfy soil.There is good control effect to Bradysia odoriphaga;It is excellent to the growth performance of leek as fertilizer simultaneously, the character of soil is improved, the yield of crop is improved, reduces planting cost;Reduce the pollution of pesticide, chemical fertilizer to environment simultaneously, has broken the tradition that pesticide and fertilizer will use respectively, saved time and labour, reduce production cost, bring economic benefit and environmental benefit.It is the elegant formulations for producing organic farm products to people, animal and Environmental security.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological medicine fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of the plant source biological medicine fertilizer and its system of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat
Preparation Method belongs to biological pesticide technical field.
Background technology
Bradysia fungus gnat(Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang)Larva is commonly called as bradysia odoriphaga, and the distribution whole nation, is fragrant-flowered garlic
Important pests on dish.In addition to endangering leek, the liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, garlic and flowers and Chinese herbal medicine etc. are also endangered, it is in all parts of the country
It is distributed, is one of the primary pest of leek, garlic class vegetables.It is gathered in the bulb of leek with larva and tender stem is
Evil.Newly hatched larvae first endangers the upper end of leek leaf sheath base and bulb;Spring and autumn main harm tender stem causes rhizome to rot;Summer
Season temperature it is high when, larva moves down, and endangers leek bulb, cause entire bulb rot, whole pier leek is withered when serious.
Leek is important vegetables, but shows in recent years the Examined of vegetable pesticide residue:The pesticide residue of leek
It is exceeded serious, grave danger is caused to the health of the mankind.By investigation and analysis, the main reason for leek agriculture is residual exceeded is fragrant-flowered garlic
The breeding of dish Bradysia fungus gnat is fast, to the resistance of pesticide, and difficulty of prevention and cure is big, and chemical pesticide or even Misuse is excessively used in vegetable grower
Prohibit, limit the use of high poison chemical pesticide control Bradysia fungus gnat.Currently, mainly with organophosphor in the pesticide of prevention Bradysia odoriphaga
(Phoxim, Le Siben etc.), pyrethroids class based on the chemical pesticides such as chlorfluazuron, and due to enhancings such as the drug resistances of bradysia odoriphaga, leads to dish
The high-toxic pesticide that chemical pesticide is excessively used in agriculture or even Misuse country prohibits, limits the use of, causes serious excessive pesticide residues.
With the fast development of modern agriculture, chemical fertilizer and pesticide are increasingly severe to the pollution of environment, 2015, under the Ministry of Agriculture
Hair《To the year two thousand twenty fertilizer application amount zero growth rate action scheme》With《To the year two thousand twenty Pesticide use amount zero growth rate action scheme》, biology
The development of medicine fertilizer is because it has the characteristics that safe efficient, pollution-free, and biological medicine fertilizer is as emerging capital goods in the agricultural sector,
Gradually approved by peasant, usage amount just keeps very swift and violent growth.Biological medicine fertilizer is integrated in increasing crop yield, pest and disease damage
Status and effect in prevention is more and more important.To ensureing national food security, agricultural product quality and safety and Agri-ecological security
It has a very important significance, in the prior art, the biological medicine fertilizer research for Bradysia fungus gnat is less, and control effect is poor, still
Based on chemical prevention, the excessive pesticide residues of leek are very serious.Therefore, it is safely and effectively to prevent Bradysia odoriphaga,
Research and development low toxicity, efficient, the biological medicine fertilizer of low-residual is very urgent.
Invention content
Exceeded for pesticide in leek existing in the prior art and chemical fertilizer residual, existing biological medicine fertilizer is to Bradysia
The problems such as fungus gnat control effect is poor, and fertilizer efficiency is low, the present invention provides a kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizers of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat, to fragrant-flowered garlic
Dish Bradysia fungus gnat has good control effect;It is excellent to the growth performance of leek as fertilizer simultaneously, improve the property of soil
Shape improves the yield of crop, reduces planting cost;Reduce the pollution of pesticide, chemical fertilizer to environment simultaneously, breaks pesticide
The tradition that used respectively with fertilizer, saves time and labour, reduces production cost, brings economic benefit and environment
Benefit.It is the elegant formulations for producing organic farm products to people, animal and Environmental security.
Used technical solution is the present invention to achieve the goals above:
The present invention provides a kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizers of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat, by prepared by following raw material
At:0.8-1.4 parts of artemisia annua, 0.6-1.2 parts of guayule rubber, 28 parts of avermectin slag, 2 parts of turfy soil;
The artemisia annua and guayule rubber are in terms of dry weight.
Further, the raw material group that the present invention optimizes becomes:1.0 parts of artemisia annua, 1.0 parts of guayule rubber, avermectin slag
28 parts, 2 parts of turfy soil.
Further, another raw material group that the present invention optimizes becomes:1.2 parts of artemisia annua, 0.8 part of guayule rubber, avermectin
28 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 2 parts of turfy soil.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of the plant source biological medicine fertilizer, include the following steps:
(1)By the plant of the plant of parts by weight artemisia annua and guayule rubber, it is ground into the mixed-powder of 50 mesh, is put into extractor
In, 20 parts of ethanol solutions are injected, are stirred evenly, in the case where temperature is 58-65 DEG C, heat preservation extraction 2 hours is constantly stirred during extraction
It mixes.It is filtered after the completion of extraction, it is spare to obtain filtrate;
(2)Above-mentioned filter residue after extraction is poured into 16 parts of ethanol solutions again, heat preservation extraction 1 is small under the conditions of temperature is 60 DEG C
When, it is stirred continuously during extraction, is filtered again after the completion of extraction, it is spare to obtain filtrate;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, be concentrated by evaporation the avermectin slag that parts by weight are added to paste and
Turfy soil is uniformly mixed, granulation, then dry at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, and screening obtains the particle of a diameter of 1mm.
Further, step(1)In, the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 40%.
Further, step(2)In, the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 70%.
Artemisia annua(Artemisia annua Linn)It is called yellow wormwood artemisia, is the annual herb plant of composite family artemisia, has
Heat-clearing solution malaria, dispelling wind and arresting itching and other effects.
Guayule rubber(Parthenium hysterophorus L.), annual herb, be born in spaciously, roadside, river bank and slope
On the ground, Environmental Protection Department is included in second batch Invasive Alien Species list for 2010.
Avermectin slag is with glucose, yellow corn powder, wheat flour, potato pulp, groundnut meal, soybean cake powder, jade
The residue of the fermented production avermectin such as Rice & peanut milk, corn protein powder, peptone, ammonium sulfate, trace element, the present invention are made
Avermectin slag is containing 75% or more organic matter, and fineness is the khaki powder of 80 mesh, being capable of chesson, effectively anti-
Except various subterranean pest-insects.
Inventor passes through a large amount of experiment sieving, and artemisia annua plant is added in avermectin slag and guayule rubber is planted
After the alcohol extract of strain(The plant is artemisia annua, the stem of guayule rubber, Ye Jihua), the undergrounds such as Bradysia fungus gnat evil can be prevented
Worm, and bio-feritlizer can be used as to improve soil, yield is improved, meets organic agriculture production requirement, reaches non-harmful purpose.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, plant source biological medicine fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the effect for preventing Bradysia fungus gnat is good, and the lasting period is long;Effect of fertilizer
It is good, leek rising trend and yield are improved, the entire season of growth no longer needs to use chemical fertilizer and pesticide control Bradysia fungus gnat, pollution-free,
Noresidue improves soil environment, and raw materials for production are cheap, are easy to get, and this Invasive Alien Species of guayule rubber can turn bane into boon, and protect
Protect ecological environment and wide market.
2, the present invention uses the ethanol solution of various concentration in the extraction process of artemisia annua and guayule rubber plant extracting solution,
Recovery rate is high, safety, to more environment-friendly, be easier to operate in industrialized production, and safety and environmental protection is pollution-free.
3, the present invention does not add other any chemical substances, the plant source medicinal fertilizer effect of gained is good, malicious in granulation process
Property it is low, the lasting period is long, noresidue, does not develop immunity to drugs, is environmentally friendly, to operating personnel's safety, and at low cost, user
Just.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
(1)By 1 kilogram of 1 kilogram of the artemisia annua plant for the drying screened and guayule rubber plant, it is ground into the mixing of 50 mesh
Powder is put into extractor, is injected 20 kilogram of 40% ethanol solution, is stirred evenly, the heat preservation extraction 2 under the conditions of temperature is 60 DEG C
Hour, it is stirred continuously during extraction.It is filtered after the completion of extraction, filtrate is spare, and filter residue extracts again;
(2)The filter residue of artemisia annua plant and guayule rubber plant after extraction is poured into 16 kilogram of 70% ethanol solution again, in temperature
Heat preservation extraction 1h, is stirred continuously during extraction under the conditions of 60 DEG C of degree.It is filtered again after the completion of extraction, leaves and takes filtrate, discard filter residue;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, be concentrated by evaporation to paste, add 28 kilograms of avermectin slag,
2 kilograms of turfy soil is added, is uniformly mixed, after wet granulation, is dried at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, ethyl alcohol is allowed to fill
Divide volatilization, screening that the particle of diameter 1mm is made.
Embodiment 2
(1)By 0.8 kilogram of 1.2 kilograms of the artemisia annua plant for the drying screened and guayule rubber plant, it is ground into 50 purposes
Mixed-powder is put into extractor, is injected 20 kilograms of 40vol% ethanol solutions, is stirred evenly, and is protected under the conditions of temperature is 65 DEG C
Temperature extraction 2 hours, is stirred continuously during extraction.It is filtered after the completion of extraction, obtains that filtrate is spare, and filter residue extracts again;
(2)The filter residue of artemisia annua plant and guayule rubber plant after extraction is poured into 16 kilograms of 70vol% ethanol solutions again,
Heat preservation extraction 1h, is stirred continuously during extraction under the conditions of temperature 60 C.It is filtered again after the completion of extraction, leaves and takes filtrate, discard
Filter residue;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, be concentrated by evaporation added to paste 28 kilograms avermectin slag and
2 kilograms of turfy soil is uniformly mixed, after wet granulation, is dried at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, ethyl alcohol is allowed fully to wave
Hair, screening, is made the particle of diameter 1mm.
Embodiment 3
(1)By 1.2 kilograms of 0.8 kilogram of the artemisia annua plant for the drying screened and guayule rubber plant, it is ground into 50 purposes
Mixed-powder is put into extractor, is injected 20 kilogram of 40% ethanol solution, is stirred evenly, and is kept the temperature and is carried under the conditions of temperature is 58 DEG C
It takes 2 hours, is stirred continuously during extraction.It is filtered after the completion of extraction, filtrate is spare, and filter residue extracts again;
(2)The filter residue of artemisia annua plant and guayule rubber plant after extraction is poured into 16 kilogram of 70% ethanol solution again, in temperature
Heat preservation extraction 1h, is stirred continuously during extraction under the conditions of 60 DEG C of degree.It is filtered again after the completion of extraction, leaves and takes filtrate, discard filter residue;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, be concentrated by evaporation added to paste 28 kilograms avermectin slag and
2 kilograms of turfy soil is uniformly mixed, after wet granulation, is dried at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, ethyl alcohol is allowed fully to wave
Hair, screening, is made the particle of diameter 1mm.
Embodiment 4
(1)By 0.6 kilogram of 1.4 kilograms of the artemisia annua plant for the drying screened and guayule rubber plant, it is ground into 50 purposes
Mixed-powder is put into extractor, is injected 20 kilogram of 40% ethanol solution, is stirred evenly, and is kept the temperature and is carried under the conditions of temperature is 60 DEG C
It takes 2 hours, is stirred continuously during extraction.It is filtered after the completion of extraction, filtrate is spare, and filter residue extracts again;
(2)The filter residue of artemisia annua plant and guayule rubber plant after extraction is poured into 16 kilogram of 70% ethanol solution again, in temperature
Heat preservation extraction 1h, is stirred continuously during extraction under the conditions of 60 DEG C of degree.It is filtered again after the completion of extraction, leaves and takes filtrate, discard filter residue;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, be concentrated by evaporation added to paste 28 kilograms avermectin slag and
2 kilograms of turfy soil is uniformly mixed, after wet granulation, is dried at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, ethyl alcohol is allowed fully to wave
Hair, screening, is made the particle of diameter 1mm.
The test of pesticide effectiveness
The Chinese chive field with bradysia odoriphaga insect pest is chosen as proving ground, implementation of the present invention is respectively adopted in experimental group 1,2,3,4
The biological composition granule that example 1,2,3,4 is prepared into, with 30 kilograms per acre of dosage, in leek 15-20cm mid-June,
It is used in conjunction with cultivation and banking, is ditched along ridge in the leek ditch of trial zone, medicine fertilizer is uniformly sprinkling upon in furrow, it is suitable to have trained soil
Ditch waters.
4 control groups of experiment while setting, are compareed with the biological composition granule that embodiment 1 is prepared into, right
It is to be added without avermectin slag, amount alcohol extracting thing polishing on the basis of embodiment 1 according to 1;Control 2 is in embodiment 1
On the basis of, it is added without alcohol extracting thing, amount avermectin slag polishing;Control 3 on the basis of embodiment 1, containing only
There are the alcohol extracting thing of artemisia annua plant, the amount artemisia annua plant polishing of guayule rubber;Control 4 is on the basis of embodiment, only
Alcohol extracting thing containing guayule rubber, the amount guayule rubber polishing of artemisia annua plant;The usage amount and application method of control group are the same as real
Group is tested, the same experimental group of other daily managements;Blank control is without using any medicament.
Experimental design 9 processing, 3 repetitions, are arranged blank control, totally 27 cells, each plot area is 10 squares
Rice, random alignment.Carry out first time investigation within 10 days after medicine, it is later primary every investigation in 10 days, it investigates 4 times altogether.It is sampled using 5 points
Method, every samples 300 plants, counts healthy tree number and killed strain number.Data analysis and significance test are carried out using DPS softwares.Quilt
Evil strain rate=(Killed strain number/investigation total strain number)× 100%, control effect=【(Blank district attacked trees rate-treatment region is killed strain
Rate)/ blank district attacked trees rate】×100%.
Prevent Bradysia fungus gnat test result and conspicuousness such as the following table 1.
Table 1
5% level of signifiance of same column lowercase letter in table, capitalization indicate 1% level of signifiance.
As can be seen from the table, test group 1,2,3,4 prevents Bradysia fungus gnat and works well, preventive effect 95.13-98.49%,
The prevention Bradysia fungus gnat effect of control group 1,2,3,4 is poor, preventive effect 50.38-67.84%.In 1% level of signifiance, 10 after medicine
It, 20 days, 30 days, the preventive effect of test group 1,2,3,4 is suitable, notable with the preventive effect otherness of control group 1,2,3,4;40 after medicine
It, test group 1,2 preventive effects are suitable, and test group 3,4 preventive effects are suitable, extremely notable with 1,2,3,4 preventive effect difference of control group.Significantly 5%
In level, 10 days after medicine, 30 days, the preventive effect of test group 1,2,3,4 is suitable, the preventive effect significant difference with control group 1,2,3,4;
20 days after medicine, the preventive effect of test group 1 is 97.30%, slightly above 96.76% preventive effect of test group 2, with preventing for control group 1,2,3,4
It is extremely notable to imitate otherness;40 days after medicine, test group 1,2 preventive effects are suitable, and test group 3,4 preventive effects are suitable, the preventive effect of test group 1,2 and
The preventive effect significant difference of test group 3,4, it is extremely notable with 1,2,3,4 preventive effect difference of control group.
Bright by table of field test results, the control effect significant difference of experimental group and control group illustrates the increasing of the present invention
Imitate effect clearly, experimental group 1,2 is slightly better than experimental group 3,4, it was demonstrated that matching for experimental group 1,2 is relatively good, and raw material proportioning is excessive
Or it is very few, control effect is not so good as the present invention.
The plant source biological medicine fertilizer granule prevention Bradysia fungus gnat effect of the present invention is efficient, and the lasting period is long, in leek
A drug before Bradysia fungus gnat occurs, entire season of growth summer is without preventing Bradysia fungus gnat, and leek is not necessarily in addition fertilising,
It grows fine, experimental group is compared with control group, and leek blade is generous, and fragrance is dense, plant height, output increased 35% or so, no pesticide, chemical fertilizer
Residual and pollution, after biological medicine fertilizer provided by the invention, can improve soil environment, according to《Chinese soil environmental quality
Standard》, soil is close to primary standard after a period of use.Plant source biological medicine fertilizer provided by the present invention is cheap, makes
With convenient, effect is good, the lasting period is long, toxicity is low, non agricultural chemical residuum, without pollution by chemical fertilizer, do not develop immunity to drugs, environmentally friendly,
It is rare plant source biological medicine fertilizer to operating personnel's safety.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizer of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat, which is characterized in that be prepared by following raw material:
0.8-1.4 parts of artemisia annua, 0.6-1.2 parts of guayule rubber, 28 parts of avermectin slag, 2 parts of turfy soil;
The artemisia annua and guayule rubber are in terms of dry weight.
2. plant source biological medicine fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material is:1.0 parts of artemisia annua, silver
1.0 parts of glue chrysanthemum, 28 parts of avermectin slag, 2 parts of turfy soil.
3. plant source biological medicine fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material is:1.2 parts of artemisia annua, silver
0.8 part of glue chrysanthemum, 28 parts of avermectin slag, 2 parts of turfy soil.
4. a kind of preparation method of plant source biological medicine fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
(1)By the plant of the plant of parts by weight artemisia annua and guayule rubber, it is ground into the mixed-powder of 50 mesh, is put into extractor,
20 parts of ethanol solutions are injected, are stirred evenly, in the case where temperature is 58-65 DEG C, heat preservation extraction 2 hours is stirred continuously during extraction, carries
It is filtered after the completion of taking, it is spare to obtain filtrate;
(2)Above-mentioned filter residue after extraction is poured into 16 parts of ethanol solutions again, heat preservation extraction 1 hour, carries under the conditions of temperature is 60 DEG C
It is stirred continuously during taking, is filtered again after the completion of extraction, it is spare to obtain filtrate;
(3)Merge the above-mentioned filtrate extracted twice, is concentrated by evaporation to paste, adds the avermectin slag and turf of parts by weight
Soil is uniformly mixed, granulation, then dry at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C, and screening obtains the particle of a diameter of 1mm.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step(1)In, the volume fraction of the ethanol solution
It is 40%.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step(2)In, the volume fraction of the ethanol solution
It is 70%.
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CN103444790A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州莲花岛生态农业专业合作社 | Guayule plant based nano slow-release suspending agent |
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