CN103931678B - A kind of biopesticide and preparation technology thereof preventing and treating Bradysia fungus gnat - Google Patents
A kind of biopesticide and preparation technology thereof preventing and treating Bradysia fungus gnat Download PDFInfo
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- CN103931678B CN103931678B CN201410164870.2A CN201410164870A CN103931678B CN 103931678 B CN103931678 B CN 103931678B CN 201410164870 A CN201410164870 A CN 201410164870A CN 103931678 B CN103931678 B CN 103931678B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of biopesticide preventing and treating Bradysia fungus gnat, it is prepared from by the widely distributed buttercup of occurring in nature and avermectin slag waste material, without the need to adding other chemical substance, the biopesticide of gained does not have artificial chemicals composition, effective, toxicity is low, noresidue, do not develop immunity to drugs, environmentally friendly, be the rare insecticide without chemical addition agent; Avermectin slag contains abundant organic matter and trace element, has good fertilizer efficiency, is the biological insecticides having very much market potential, especially efficient to preventing and treating Bradysia fungus gnat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biopesticide preventing and treating Bradysia fungus gnat, relate to its preparation technology simultaneously, belong to field of biological pesticide.
Background technology
Bradysia fungus gnat (
bradysiaodoriphagayangetZhang) larva is commonly called as fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, and the distribution whole nation is the important pests on leek.Except causing harm except leek, green onion of also causing harm, garlic, flowers and Chinese herbal medicine etc.The bulb of leek is gathered in and tender stem causes harm with larva.Larva is first caused harm the upper end of leaf sheath base and bulb; Spring and autumn is mainly caused harm tender stem, causes rhizome to rot; During summer temperature height, larva moves down, leek bulb of causing harm, and cause whole bulb to rot, time serious, whole pier leek is withered.
Leek is the important vegetables of the mankind, but vegetables quality Examined shows for many years: residue of pesticide exceed standard seriously, makes consumer health be subject to grave danger.The residual main cause exceeded standard of leek agriculture is, Bradysia odoriphaga breeding is fast, difficulty of prevention and cure is large, and the excessive use agricultural chemicals of vegetable grower, even Misuse limits and prevents and treats Bradysia fungus gnat with high-toxic pesticide.Therefore the biopesticide control Bradysia odoriphaga developing low toxicity highly-effective low-residue is very urgent.
Along with developing rapidly of organic farming, comprehensively quitting listing of the high-toxic pesticides such as organic phosphor, the development of biopesticide welcomes new historic opportunities, the market share of biopesticide from 1% in 2006 till now more than 5%, and keep very swift and violent growth.
At present, main based on the chemical pesticide such as organic phosphor, chlorfluazuron in the agricultural chemicals of control Bradysia odoriphaga, owing to not having ideal biological agricultural chemicals, the residue of pesticide of leek exceed standard seriously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the excessive use chemical pesticide of vegetable grower, even Misuse limits with high-toxic pesticide, causes residue of pesticide to exceed standard seriously, makes consumer health be subject to grave danger in order to solve at present in control Bradysia odoriphaga.Now commercially prevent and treat the biopesticide poor effect of Bradysia odoriphaga, price is high, and what vegetable grower used lacks.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The technical scheme adopted for solving technical problem of the present invention is: with buttercup extract and the avermectin slag biopesticide making granule and preparation method thereof, its step is as follows:
Buttercup is ground into 100 order-200 object powder, puts into extractor after weighing, extract twice, first time pours the alcohol of 55% of 6 times amount into, and 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter;
Buttercup filter residue to be poured into 75% alcohol of 4 times amount by second time, and 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter; Through test, the recovery rate of buttercup herb is 22%-28%;
Merge above-mentioned twice filtrate, be adjusted to 50 DEG C of vacuum-concentrcteds to paste;
Buttercup condensed cream water is deployed into the extraction aqueous solution of 200g/L;
Extracted in the aqueous solution by above-mentioned buttercup and add avermectin slag, mix, wherein, the mass percent that the buttercup dry matter weight extracted in the aqueous solution accounts for the rear dry matter weight of mixing is 1.6-10%; Utilize wet granulation, carry out drying at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, screening, makes into the particle of 0.5-2mm.
Described avermectin slag be fermented in the process of fermentation for Avermectin after fermentation liquid filter produce filter residue.
Buttercup (
ranunculusjaponicusthunb.) be one of medicinal plant of comparatively early utilizing of China, all there is distribution all parts of the country, abundance, and buttercup has wind-expelling pain-stopping, desinsection removing toxic substances, moves back the multiple efficacies of screen, preventing malaria.Buttercup herb extract (main component protoanemonin) has good toxic action to fungus gnat, diamond-back moth, acarid etc.
Nitrogen in avermectin slag fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium total content reach more than 9%; The content of organic matter (with dry weight basis) reaches more than 54%, after adding buttercup extract, can improve soil, can prevent and treat Bradysia fungus gnat again, reach non-harmful object.
The present invention, through screening test for many years, finds the biopesticide making granule with buttercup extract and avermectin slag, for prevent and treat Bradysia odoriphaga, ginger Pnyxia scabiei (
pnyxiascabieihopkins) successful, has effect of fertilizer concurrently, pollution-free, noresidue, abundant raw material, good market prospects.
The present invention adopts excusing from death ripple to extract in the leaching process of buttercup extract, faster than the speed of traditional refluxing extraction, recovery rate is higher, more easily operates in suitability for industrialized production.
Simultaneously, the present invention, in granulation process, does not add other any chemical substance, and the biopesticide of gained does not have artificial chemicals composition, effective, toxicity is low, noresidue, do not develop immunity to drugs, environmentally friendly, be the rare insecticide without chemical addition agent.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Buttercup herb is ground into 100 order-200 object powder, takes 2 kilograms of powder and put into extractor, pour the alcohol of 12 liters 55% into, 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use; Pour buttercup filter residue into 8 liter of 75% alcohol again, 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use.Merge above twice alcoholic extract, sucked in vacuum decompressioning and concentrating tank, temperature is adjusted to 50 DEG C, is concentrated into paste, about 0.5 liter.Buttercup condensed cream is taken out from concentration tank, with 2.5 premium on currency washing concentrating tanks, and cleaning solution is poured in buttercup condensed cream, be deployed into the aqueous solution of 200g/L; Get the avermectin slag every for the extract prepared 1L being added 2 kilograms, utilize wet granulation, after particle is made, at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, carry out drying, screening, obtains the particle of 0.5-2mm.
Embodiment 2
Buttercup herb is ground into 100 order-200 object powder, takes 2 kilograms of powder and put into extractor, pour the alcohol of 12 liters 55% into, 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use; Pour buttercup filter residue into 8 liter of 75% alcohol again, 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use.Merge above twice alcoholic extract, sucked in vacuum decompressioning and concentrating tank, temperature is adjusted to 50 DEG C, is concentrated into paste, about 0.5 liter.Buttercup condensed cream is taken out from concentration tank, with 2.5 premium on currency washing concentrating tanks, and cleaning solution is poured in buttercup condensed cream, be deployed into the aqueous solution of 200g/L; Get the avermectin slag every for the extract prepared 1L being added 10 kilograms, utilize wet granulation, after particle is made, at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, carry out drying, screening, obtains the particle of 0.5-2mm.
Embodiment 3
Buttercup herb is ground into 100 order-200 object powder, takes 2 kilograms of powder and put into extractor, pour the alcohol of 12 liters 55% into, 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use; Pour buttercup filter residue into 8 liter of 75% alcohol again, 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use.Merge above twice alcoholic extract, sucked in vacuum decompressioning and concentrating tank, temperature is adjusted to 50 DEG C, is concentrated into paste, about 0.5 liter.Buttercup condensed cream is taken out from concentration tank, with 2.5 premium on currency washing concentrating tanks, and cleaning solution is poured in buttercup condensed cream, be deployed into the aqueous solution of 200g/L; Get the avermectin slag every for the extract prepared 1L being added 12.5 kilograms, utilize wet granulation, after particle is made, at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, carry out drying, screening, obtains the particle of 0.5-2mm.
embodiment 4
Buttercup herb is ground into 100 order-200 object powder, takes 2 kilograms of powder and put into extractor, pour the alcohol of 12 liters 55% into, 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use; Pour buttercup filter residue into 8 liter of 75% alcohol again, 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, then have children outside the state plan ripple and extract 15 minutes, filter out alcoholic extract for subsequent use.Merge above twice alcoholic extract, sucked in vacuum decompressioning and concentrating tank, temperature is adjusted to 50 DEG C, is concentrated into paste, about 0.5 liter.Buttercup condensed cream is taken out from concentration tank, with 2.5 premium on currency washing concentrating tanks, and cleaning solution is poured in buttercup condensed cream, be deployed into the aqueous solution of 200g/L; Get the avermectin slag every for the extract prepared 1L being added 5 kilograms, utilize wet granulation, after particle is made, at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, carry out drying, screening, obtains the particle of 0.5-2mm.
the test of pesticide effectiveness
Experimental group adopts the embodiment of the present invention 2 to be prepared into moral buttercup avermectin slag granule with the consumption of 10 kilograms every mu, combines and waters or rainy season, respectively impose 1 time at early March and early September.
Control group adopts the conventional pesticide chlopyrifos particle of control fungus gnat at present, and conveniently using method uses.And use water as blank test.
Test drug effect is shown as follows:
buttercup extract and the present invention are to the comparative efficacy test of Bradysia odoriphaga
2 days corrected mortalities 55.3% after 2% buttercup avermectin slag Granular pesticide in embodiment 2,4 days corrected mortalities 78.5% after medicine, 6 days corrected mortalities 96.2% after medicine.
And the corrected mortality of the buttercup extract of 2.5%, 2 days (48 hours) 29.4% after medicine, 4 days (96 hours) 40.3% after medicine.
As can be seen from above test data, the present invention increases significantly compared to the drug effect of buttercup extract to Bradysia fungus gnat.
Claims (3)
1. prevent and treat a biopesticide for Bradysia fungus gnat, it is characterized in that, be prepared from by following methods:
Get buttercup and be ground into 100 order-200 object powder, put into extractor after weighing, extract twice, first time pours the alcohol of 55% of 6 times amount into, 60 DEG C of water-baths 60 minutes, and then ultrasonic extracts 15 minutes, filters;
Buttercup filter residue to be poured into 75% alcohol of 4 times amount by second time, 60 DEG C of water-baths 30 minutes, and then ultrasonic extracts 15 minutes, filters; Through test, the recovery rate of buttercup herb is 22%-28%;
Merge above-mentioned twice filtrate, be adjusted to 50 DEG C of vacuum-concentrcteds to paste;
Buttercup condensed cream water is deployed into the extraction aqueous solution of 200g/L;
Extracted in the aqueous solution by above-mentioned buttercup and add avermectin slag, mix, wherein, the mass percent that the buttercup dry matter weight extracted in the aqueous solution accounts for the rear dry matter weight of mixing is 1.6-10%; Utilize wet granulation, carry out drying at the temperature of 60--80 DEG C, screening, makes into the particle of 0.5-2mm.
2. biopesticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass percent that the described buttercup dry matter weight extracted in the aqueous solution accounts for the rear dry matter weight of mixing is 2%.
3. biopesticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described avermectin slag be fermented in the process of fermentation for Avermectin after fermentation liquid filter produce filter residue.
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| CN104232095A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-24 | 青岛瀚普生物科技有限公司 | Biological type nematode-preventing soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN104604962B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2018-08-28 | 山东乡村之光农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of composition of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat larva |
| CN105272695B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-08-21 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of plant source biological medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention Bradysia fungus gnat |
| CN105638762B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-03-02 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of biological pesticide for preventing and treating the strict eye fungus gnat of flat mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN108329112B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-04-09 | 内蒙古拜克生物有限公司 | Pesticide fertilizer containing abamectin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109757524B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-12-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Application of panax notoginseng saponins in preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots and composition |
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| CN102674995A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 石达璘 | Production method of special organic biological nutrient disease-resistant insecticidal vegetable and fruit tree fertilizer |
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| CN102674995A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 石达璘 | Production method of special organic biological nutrient disease-resistant insecticidal vegetable and fruit tree fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 毛茛粗提物对异型眼蕈蚊的毒力活性研究;孙霞,苏有刚,王峰祥;《山东农业科学》;20110228(第2期);80-82 * |
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