CN104920487B - A kind of Chinese medicinal material extract and preparation method thereof and the method using Chinese medicinal material extract preventing and treating wheat aphid - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese medicinal material extract and preparation method thereof and the method using Chinese medicinal material extract preventing and treating wheat aphid Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920487B CN104920487B CN201510369688.5A CN201510369688A CN104920487B CN 104920487 B CN104920487 B CN 104920487B CN 201510369688 A CN201510369688 A CN 201510369688A CN 104920487 B CN104920487 B CN 104920487B
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Abstract
Method the present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicinal material extract and preparation method thereof and using Chinese medicinal material extract preventing and treating wheat aphid, belong to preventing and treating wheat aphid technical field.Technical scheme is：Mixed by the ethanol extract of sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 80% that concentration is 12.5 mg/mL and the ethanol extract of Radix Isatidis 80% that concentration is 100 mg/mL, both are at percent by volume：Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 70%, Radix Isatidis 30%.In jan flowering wheat to ear period, Chinese medicinal material extract is uniformly sprayed.The present invention has good prevention effect to wheat aphid, is not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, environmentally friendly, noresidue during harvest, effectively protection and using natural enemy, to person poultry safety, free from environmental pollution.It can be used for carrying out wheat aphid preventing and treating as the substitute of the chemical pesticides such as imidacloprid, both meet country to the requirement about biological pesticide, had no side effect again to yield and quality of wheat.
Description
Technical field
Wheat is prevented and treated the present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicinal material extract and preparation method thereof and using the Chinese medicinal material extract
The method of aphid, belong to preventing and treating wheat aphid technical field.
Background technology
Wheat is the staple food crop in China, and aphid is one of primary pest in Wheat Production.In recent years, with cultivation
The improvement of training condition and the change of agroecological environment, wheat aphid harm aggravate increasingly, have a strong impact on the yield and quality of wheat.Mesh
Before, the wheat breed being widely popularized is all relatively low to the resistance of wheat aphid, and wheat aphid preventing and treating relies primarily on all kinds of chemical insecticides.Traditional
Chemical pesticide toxicity is big, residual quantity is high, it is long-term use of can cause serious threat to environment and human health, destroy the ecological balance.
And chemical insecticide can cause the breaking out and the problems such as insect develops immunity to drugs of minor pests while pest control, simultaneously
It is possible to destroy natural enemy and other beneficial or non-target species, causes environmental pollution, the substitute for finding chemical pesticide is carved not
Rong Huan.
In recent years, the plant-derived biological pesticide exploitation in China achieves a series of new developments.The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's citrus is ground
A kind of wide spectrum, vegetable source pesticide efficiently, safe, the fruit holy water agent of acaricide 0.5% are made, has certain preventing and treating to 17 kinds of insects
Effect.A variety of trifoliate jewelvine preparations that China produces, risen in terms of preventing and treating resistant insect such as southern diamondback moth, northern bollworm
Certain effect is arrived.The domestic document report about other aphid Chinese herb prevention technical research is as follows：One kind is anti-to eliminate aphis
Farm chemical of Chinese berbs and its production and use patent, it includes the wind-weed, cape jasmine, the capsule of weeping forsythia, Radix Isatidis etc.；One kind preventing and treating corn
The patent of the compound method of aphid, by tendril-leaved fritillary bulb female powder, codonopsis pilosula powder, bitter coptis powder, garlic powder, Folium Pterocaryae, zanthoxylum powder, Radix Isatidis
Powder, pear skin powder, balsam pear powder composition；A kind of patent for the compound method for preventing and treating vegetable aphid medicament, it includes monkshood powder, rhizoma menispermi
Powder, coptis powder, bloom etc.；Synergistic combination of the Agricultural University Of South China about the anti-matrine to eliminate aphis etc. and tetronic acid class agricultural chemicals
The patent of thing, a kind of plant insecticide of Hunan Micolta Bioresource Inc.'s invention, for it is anti-eliminate aphis, planthopper
Or cabbage caterpillar, it is made up of macleaya cordata extracts, tobacco extract, tea oil cake extract and borneol Cinnomomum Sps. Extract；Hengshui institute
Scientific and technological achievement about bidentis chemical composition to the agricultural pests anti-insect activity research such as corn borer, aphid；Tonghua Teachers College
Preliminary screening research about tuber of pinellia extract solution to soybean aphid bioactivity and active dose, it is using the napiform root stem of the tuber of pinellia as examination
Material.But specifically for the plant-derived biological pesticide of wheat aphid preventing and treating, wheat aphid into, larvae aphid mainly to suck
Wheat leaf blade, stalk, tender head, tender fringe juice etc. are directly caused harm, and propagate wheat virus disease while directly endangering, special
It is not to propagate yellow stunt of wheat etc., has that distribution is wide, breeding is fast, causing harm, weight, harm time is long, endanger that position is more, can survive the winter more
The characteristic of summer breeding etc., common biological pesticide are difficult to kill, and effect is undesirable.
The content of the invention
Prevent it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Chinese medicinal material extract and preparation method thereof and using the Chinese medicinal material extract
The method for controlling wheat aphid, screening high-efficiency and economic, organic safe Chinese medicine, utilize the plant in Chinese medicine with agricultural chemicals function
Source material, exploitation is with the anti-controlling agent of the high plant source biology of environmentally friendly, selectivity, effectively protection and using natural enemy,
To person poultry safety, free from environmental pollution, nuisanceless, control action is lasting, noresidue and other toxic side effects, realize green agriculture,
Organic agriculture, solves above mentioned problem existing for background technology.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of Chinese medicinal material extract, it is 100 by the ethanol extract of sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 80% and concentration that concentration is 12.5 mg/mL
The mg/mL ethanol extract of Radix Isatidis 80% mixes, and both are at percent by volume：Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 70%, Radix Isatidis 30%.
A kind of preparation method of Chinese medicinal material extract, is comprised the following steps：
（1）Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis are chosen, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-120 mesh sieves；
（2）The sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing are weighed respectively, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, are surpassed
Sound wave shock 20min, 4500rpm centrifugation 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；
（3）Supernatant, 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness are taken respectively, and residue is dissolved in 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, at 4 DEG C
Save backup, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；
（4）The mother liquor prepared respectively is taken to dilute, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5 mg/mL, and Radix Isatidis mother liquor dilutes
Concentration is 100 mg/mL, the sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis solution after dilution by volume 7:3 mixing, are made Chinese medicinal material extract.
A kind of method that wheat aphid is prevented and treated using Chinese medicinal material extract, includes following processing step：
Chinese medicinal material extract is prepared, chooses sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-
120 mesh sieves；The sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, ultrasonic wave are weighed respectively
Shake 20min, 4500rpm centrifugation 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；Take supernatant respectively, 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness, residue is molten
In 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, saved backup at 4 DEG C, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；The mother liquor prepared respectively is taken to dilute, it is bitter
Beans root mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5 mg/mL, and Radix Isatidis mother liquor diluted concentration is 100 mg/mL, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and plate after dilution
Blue root solution by volume 7:3 mixing, are made Chinese medicinal material extract；
In jan flowering wheat to ear period, Chinese medicinal material extract is uniformly sprayed.
The sprinkling dosage of Chinese medicinal material extract is：15 liters of water of every mu of wheat, 1000-2000 times of liquid or the g/L of concentration 38.75
The technology of the present invention effect：Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb concentration is 12.5 mg/mL 80% ethanol solution, and Radix Isatidis concentration is 100
Mg/mL 80% ethanol solution, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis solution by volume 7:The solution that 3 mixing obtain is prevented and treated wheat aphid
Effect is that 24 hours prevention effects of laboratory experiment result are more than 90%, and 48 hours more than 95%.Field test results preventing and treating effect
Fruit one day is more than 89%, 5 days more than 95%.Wheat aphid prevention effect is significantly strengthened at 2 days or so, prevention effect reaches
More than 90%, it is suitable for the preventing and treating of wheat aphid.
The present invention has following features：
（1）Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and isatis root extract are two kinds of plant-derived extracts, and there is good preventing and treating to imitate to wheat aphid
Fruit, it is not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug；
（2）It is environmentally friendly, selectivity is high, bloom-boot stage sprays, noresidue during harvest；
（3）Effectively protect and using natural enemy, to person poultry safety, free from environmental pollution, control action is lasting；
（4）Non agricultural chemical residuum of the present invention, chemical pesticide general residual life, is longer, and at 25 days or so, therefore the present invention can be with
Substitute as chemical pesticides such as imidacloprids is used for carrying out wheat aphid preventing and treating；
（5）The present invention passes through the screening to preventing and treating wheat aphid Chinese medicine special material, the research of Chinese medicine prevention and control optimum concentration
And its reasonable selection of optimum proportioning, preferable prevention effect is achieved to wheat aphid, has both met country to relevant biological agriculture
The requirement of medicine, have no side effect again to yield and quality of wheat.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of Chinese medicinal material extract, it is 100 by the ethanol extract of sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 80% and concentration that concentration is 12.5 mg/mL
The mg/mL ethanol extract of Radix Isatidis 80% mixes, and both are at percent by volume：Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 70%, Radix Isatidis 30%.
A kind of preparation method of Chinese medicinal material extract, is comprised the following steps：
（1）Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis are chosen, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-120 mesh sieves；
（2）The sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing are weighed respectively, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, are surpassed
Sound wave shock 20min, 4500rpm centrifugation 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；
（3）Supernatant, 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness are taken respectively, and residue is dissolved in 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, at 4 DEG C
Save backup, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；
（4）The mother liquor prepared respectively is taken to dilute, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5 mg/mL, and Radix Isatidis mother liquor dilutes
Concentration is 100 mg/mL, the sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis solution after dilution by volume 7:3 mixing, are made Chinese medicinal material extract.
A kind of method that wheat aphid is prevented and treated using Chinese medicinal material extract, includes following processing step：
Chinese medicinal material extract is prepared, chooses sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-
120 mesh sieves；The sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, ultrasonic wave are weighed respectively
Shake 20min, 4500rpm centrifugation 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；Take supernatant respectively, 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness, residue is molten
In 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, saved backup at 4 DEG C, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；The mother liquor prepared respectively is taken to dilute, it is bitter
Beans root mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5 mg/mL, and Radix Isatidis mother liquor diluted concentration is 100 mg/mL, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and plate after dilution
Blue root solution by volume 7:3 mixing, are made Chinese medicinal material extract；
In jan flowering wheat to ear period, Chinese medicinal material extract is uniformly sprayed.
Laboratory test of the present invention：
（1）Toxicity Determination：The infusion process that FAO recommends（Impregnate blade）, compare medicine using imidacloprid as reference agent
Effect.Drug concentration is generally 100,25,12.5,0.75,0.5mg/ml.Study of Traditional Chinese Medicine material sweetclover-like milkvetch herb, Radix Isatidis and both mixing
Solution prevention and control wheat aphid toxic effect, 24,48 hour record survival rates, the death rate is calculated, to compare death rate correction；
（2）Biological activity determination：FAO infusion processes（Impregnate blade）, compare drug effect using imidacloprid as reference agent.Research
Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis mixed solution prevention and control wheat aphid toxic effect, 24,48 hour record survival rates, the death rate is calculated, with
Compare death rate correction；
（3）Its Antifeedant Effect Against：FAO infusion processes（Impregnate blade or wheat seeding）, compare medicine using imidacloprid as reference agent
Effect.24th, check within 48 hours each processing wheat aphid inhabites number；
（4）Root systemic activity measure：Distilled water is blank control, will be inoculated with the wheat seedling of wheat aphid（More than 7 days）Root
System's leaching is into the liquid, is then cultivated in constant incubator（Incubator condition is the normal condition for cultivating wheat seedling）.Examination
It is xylem transport activity that selected medicament root Inner, which inhales activity, 24,48 hour record survival rates, calculates the death rate；
（5）Determined to base conductive activity：Imidacloprid does reference agent, and distilled water is blank control.Choose growth 7 days or so
Wheat seedling, lower blade protected with protective cover, and upper blade is handled with above-mentioned medicine liquid spray, is being located with mark notes
Reason and non-process position marking.Wheat seeding is horizontal positioned, after naturally dry, wheat seeding is placed into constant incubator vertically,
The wheat seeding of chemicals treatment part is cut along mark line within 24,48 hours in processing respectively, remaining part inoculation is through Nature enemy 2
The wheat aphid of hour, each to repeat 20, uniform in size, 3 repetitions.Medicament selected by examination to base conductive activity be phloem transport
Activity, 24,48 hour record survival rates, calculate the death rate；
（6）Miniaturised nebuliser even spraying is used in jan flowering wheat-pustulation period.Experiment is using 5 points of samplings of double diagonal line
Method, every fringe of listing mark 20, spray preceding investigation insect population, 1,2, the 5 day remaining quantity for investigating aphid in whole strain after medicine, meter
Calculate survival rate, Revision insect recluced rate and Rectifying efficacies.
Main function of the present invention：Sweetclover-like milkvetch herb concentration is 12.5 mg/mL 80% ethanol solution, and Radix Isatidis concentration is 100
Mg/mL 80% ethanol solution, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis solution by volume 7:The solution that 3 mixing obtain is prevented and treated wheat aphid
Effect is that 24 hours prevention effects of laboratory experiment result are more than 90%, and 48 hours more than 95%.Field test results preventing and treating effect
Fruit one day is more than 89%, 5 days more than 95%.Wheat aphid prevention effect is significantly strengthened at 2 days or so, prevention effect reaches
More than 90%, it is suitable for the preventing and treating of wheat aphid.
Evaluate Chinese medicinal material extract and its combination solution preventing and treating wheat aphid prevention effect.
1st, laboratory experiment
The infusion process recommended using FAO, is 12.5 mg/mL sweetclover-like milkvetch herbs 80% to concentration using imidacloprid as reference agent
Ethanol extract, concentration are the ethanol extract of 100 mg/mL Radix Isatidis 80% by volume 7:3 mixed solution carries out indoor poison
Power determines, its Antifeedant Effect Against.24 h are 89-90% to the prevention effect of wheat aphid, and 48 h prevention effect is 95-
96.67%, imidacloprid is significantly better than to the prevention effect of wheat aphid.
2nd, field test
Irrigated land is chosen, medium loam, wheat aphid occurrence and distribution is than more uniform plot as experimental field.Application rate
187.5kg/hm2, plot area 20m2, random alignment, 3 repetitions, totally 12 processing.In jan flowering wheat-pustulation period, use
Miniaturised nebuliser even spraying.Experiment uses double diagonal line five point sampling, every fringe of listing mark 20, investigation insect population before spraying
Radix, 1,2, the 5 day remaining quantity for investigating aphid in whole strain after medicine, calculate survival rate, Revision insect recluced rate and Rectifying efficacies.Experiment
As a result show that sweetclover-like milkvetch herb Radix Isatidis combination solution has good prevention effect to wheat aphid.1 after medicine, correct preventing and treating within 2,5 days
Effect is 89%, more than 95.4%, more than 95.7%.It can draw, Chinese medicinal material extract combination solution is at 24 hours to wheat aphid
Prevention effect be close to 90%, the prevention effect of 48 hours can reach more than 95%, 2 days or so prevention effects after spray
Significantly strengthen, be suitable for the preventing and treating of wheat aphid.Therefore during preventing and treating wheat aphid, can once be sprayed in blooming stage-ear period
It is i.e. comparable thoroughly to prevent and treat wheat aphid harm.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. Chinese medicinal material extract for preventing and treating wheat aphid, it is characterised in that：By the sweetclover-like milkvetch herb 80% that concentration is 12.5mg/mL Ethanol extract and the ethanol extract of Radix Isatidis 80% that concentration is 100mg/mL mix, and both are at percent by volume：It is bitter Beans root 70%, Radix Isatidis 30%.
- A kind of 2. preparation method for the Chinese medicinal material extract for preventing and treating wheat aphid, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis are chosen, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-120 mesh sieves；(2) sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, ultrasonic wave are weighed respectively Shake 20min, 4500rpm centrifugation 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；(3) supernatant is taken respectively, and 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness, residue is dissolved in 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, is protected at 4 DEG C Deposit standby, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；(4) mother liquor for preparing respectively is taken to dilute, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5mg/mL, Radix Isatidis mother liquor diluted concentration For 100mg/mL, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis solution 7: 3 mixing by volume after dilution, Chinese medicinal material extract is made.
- A kind of 3. method that wheat aphid is prevented and treated using Chinese medicinal material extract, it is characterised in that include following processing step：1. preparing Chinese medicinal material extract, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis are chosen, impurity is removed, cleaning, drying, crushes, cross 80-120 mesh Sieve；The sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis material of crushing, respectively using 80% ethanol solution as extract solution, ultrasonic oscillation are weighed respectively 20min, 4500rpm centrifuge 20min, 3 layers of filtered through gauze；Supernatant, 50 DEG C of rotary evaporated to dryness are taken respectively, and residue is dissolved in 80% ethanol solution, as mother liquor, saved backup at 4 DEG C, preparation concentration is 1g/mL；The mother liquor prepared respectively is taken to dilute, bitter beans Root mother liquor diluted concentration is 12.5mg/mL, and Radix Isatidis mother liquor diluted concentration is 100mg/mL, sweetclover-like milkvetch herb and Radix Isatidis after dilution Solution 7: 3 mixing by volume, is made Chinese medicinal material extract；2. in jan flowering wheat to ear period, Chinese medicinal material extract is uniformly sprayed；The sprinkling dosage of Chinese medicinal material extract is：It is every mu small 15 liters of water of wheat, 1000-2000 times of liquid or concentration 38.75g/L.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109380327A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-26 | 东北林业大学 | Application of the isatis root extract to drosophila insecticidal action |
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| CN105707148A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-29 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Aphis sophoricola control agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106614813A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆医学检验试剂研究所 | Composition for preventing and treating wheat aphids and preparation method and application of composition |
| CN113197230A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-03 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Slow-release pesticide preparation for preventing woolly apple aphid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102578170A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 蔡葵荣 | Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide |
| CN103843845A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-11 | 青岛艾华隆生物科技有限公司 | Pollution-free pesticide |
| CN104255823A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-07 | 天津郁美净集团有限公司 | Plant bacteriostatic composition and application thereof in liquid detergent |
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| CN102578170A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 蔡葵荣 | Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide |
| CN103843845A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-11 | 青岛艾华隆生物科技有限公司 | Pollution-free pesticide |
| CN104255823A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-07 | 天津郁美净集团有限公司 | Plant bacteriostatic composition and application thereof in liquid detergent |
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| CN109380327A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-26 | 东北林业大学 | Application of the isatis root extract to drosophila insecticidal action |
| CN109380327B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-05-04 | 东北林业大学 | Application of isatis root extract in fruit fly insecticidal action |
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