CN108041083B - Plant source pesticide synergist and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant source pesticide synergist and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108041083B CN108041083B CN201711477804.0A CN201711477804A CN108041083B CN 108041083 B CN108041083 B CN 108041083B CN 201711477804 A CN201711477804 A CN 201711477804A CN 108041083 B CN108041083 B CN 108041083B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/37—Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction
Abstract
The invention discloses a botanical pesticide synergist, which comprises the components of astragalus platyphylla extract of leguminous plants. The astragalus platyphylla extract is prepared by a solvent extraction method or a supercritical fluid extraction method. The application of the plant source pesticide synergist in the aspect of chemical pesticide synergism has good synergism on various types of chemical pesticides such as pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate pesticides, neonicotinoid pesticides, pyrrole pesticides, pyrazole pesticides and pyridine pesticides, and the usage amount of the chemical pesticides can be reduced by times when the same control effect is achieved. In addition, the botanical pesticide synergist is safe to people and livestock, environment-friendly and beneficial to realizing the comprehensive utilization of the astragalus platyphylla.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a plant-source pesticide synergist. The invention also provides the application of the plant source pesticide synergist in the aspect of chemical pesticide synergism.
Background
Agricultural development cannot be separated from pesticides, but pesticides bring harm to the natural environment while making great contribution to agricultural development. In recent years, due to abuse of chemical pesticides, the drug resistance of pests is increased, so that the dosage and the frequency of the pesticides are continuously increased, the environmental pollution and ecological damage are further aggravated, the vicious circle is caused, and the life and the health of human beings are seriously harmed. According to related reports, only about 5 percent of pesticides exert their due effects in the application process of the pesticides, and most of the pesticides are lost to the surrounding environment such as water, soil and the like, so that the environmental hazards are caused. How to improve the effective utilization rate of pesticides and reduce the dosage of pesticides in non-target environments becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the pesticide subject of China, and the research on the reasonable pesticide use technology is one of the hotspots in the current agricultural pharmacy research.
Although the use of chemical pesticides has been increasingly recognized as a hazard to the environment and food safety, it is also clear that the use of chemical pesticides is indispensable in agricultural production at the present stage. However, the biggest obstacles restricting the industrialization of plant-derived pesticides are that the active ingredients of the pesticides are low in content and not strong enough in activity, and the field control effect is difficult to meet the requirements.
In recent years, the main direction of research on plant-derived pesticides focuses on finding insecticidal and bactericidal active ingredients from plant secondary metabolites, and less attention is paid to finding pesticide synergistic ingredients from plants. The research on the plant source synergist is not successful, for example, sesame oil has good synergistic effect on pyrethroid insecticides; the sophora alopecuroide extract can improve the insecticidal effect of various organic phosphorus pesticides. Although the plant source synergist does not have insecticidal and bactericidal activities, the insecticidal and bactericidal activities of the chemical pesticide can be greatly improved, so that the purpose of reducing the using amount of the chemical pesticide is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
With the enhancement of the awareness of environmental protection and social sustainable development of people, the side effect of the pesticide is reduced to the minimum, and the realization of the reasonable use of the chemical pesticide becomes the consensus all over the world. Various synergists are used in the application process of the pesticide, so that the utilization rate of the pesticide in the spraying process is improved, the pesticide effect is improved, and the use amount of the pesticide is reduced. Based on the research thought, the invention provides a plant source pesticide synergist. The botanical pesticide synergist has excellent synergistic effect on pyrethroid pesticide, organophosphorus pesticide, carbamate pesticide, neonicotinoid pesticide, pyrrole pesticide, pyrazole pesticide, pyridine pesticide and other chemical pesticides, and is safe to non-target organism and environment and has no residual toxicity.
Specifically, the plant source pesticide synergist comprises the components of the synergist of astragalus membranaceus extract of leguminous plants. The raw material for extracting the astragalus platyphylla can be the root, stem and leaf of the astragalus platyphylla or the whole astragalus platyphylla. It is noted that the plant-derived pesticide synergist can be a mixture of the astragalus platyphylla extract; or a mixture or composition of the astragalus platyphylla extract, an auxiliary agent, a carrier and the like; or a combination of the astragalus platyphylla extract and other active ingredients.
Astragalus platyphylla (Astragalus complanatus R. Ex Bge.) is also called Aster comatus, Astragalus membranaceus, Prunella vulgaris, and Astragalus of Leguminosae. The seed is used as a medicine, the medicinal material is named as Aster tataricus, has the functions of tonifying kidney, securing essence, reducing urination, nourishing liver and improving eyesight, and is used for treating symptoms such as dizziness, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, enuresis, frequent micturition, dribbling, spermatorrhea, premature ejaculation and the like. The astragalus platyphylla is a wild herbaceous plant widely distributed in North and northeast of China, is used as a traditional Chinese medicine material to be planted in a large area in the region of Weinan Shaanxi, and the seeds of the astragalus platyphylla are the traditional Chinese medicine 'flatstem milkvetch seeds'. Meanwhile, the astragalus platyphylla is also a favorite feed for cattle and sheep, and the nutritional value of the astragalus platyphylla is higher than that of alfalfa. The stems and the roots of the astragalus membranaceus with flat stems after the seeds are harvested are mostly agricultural wastes except a small amount of the astragalus membranaceus stems and the roots which are used as winter storage feed for livestock. In the present invention, the astragalus platyphylla extract is preferably an extract of the whole plant of astragalus platyphylla. In another embodiment, the astragalus complanatus extract is an extract prepared from astragalus complanatus (seeds of astragalus complanatus) which is a traditional Chinese medicine.
The present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the method for producing the astragalus platyphylla extract. The botanical pesticide synergist provided by the invention takes the astragalus platyphylla plant (including stems, leaves and roots) as a raw material, and can be obtained by water extraction, organic solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction or other conventional methods after being dried and crushed.
Organic solvent extraction can be taken as one of the preferable modes for obtaining the astragalus platyphylla extractive, and the operation process is roughly as follows: pulverizing dried radix astragali, extracting the obtained pulverized material with organic solvent, recovering organic solvent in the extract to obtain concentrated solution of radix astragali extract. The organic solvent is preferably one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate, or other organic solvents capable of obtaining the astragalus platyphylla extract.
Supercritical fluid extraction can also be taken as one of the preferable modes for obtaining the astragalus platyphylla extract, and the operation process is roughly as follows: placing the crushed and dried astragalus platyphylla in an extraction kettle, selecting carbon dioxide as an extracting agent, extracting at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ under the pressure of 15-30 MPa for 2-6 h, and recovering the carbon dioxide under reduced pressure after extraction is finished to obtain the astragalus platyphylla extract.
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the plant source pesticide synergist in the aspect of chemical pesticide synergism. The chemical pesticide is widely applied to agricultural production and has the effects of regulating and controlling insect pests in agricultural production, regulating the growth of animals and plants and the like. Therefore, the chemical pesticide has the widest connotation and extension, and comprises insecticides, bactericides, herbicides, plant growth regulators and the like; meanwhile, the chemical pesticide refers to an active ingredient having functions of killing insects, sterilizing, weeding, regulating plant growth and the like, and may also be a preparation containing the active ingredient.
Preferably, as one of application modes of the plant-derived pesticide synergist, the plant-derived pesticide synergist and the chemical pesticide are prepared at present. This is convenient to implement, and the plant-derived pesticide synergist and the chemical pesticide can be uniformly mixed together in any possible way before the chemical pesticide is sprayed. Further preferably, the plant-derived pesticide synergist is added to a dilution of a chemical pesticide in a tank-mix form before spraying.
Preferably, as one of the application modes of the plant-derived pesticide synergist, the plant-derived pesticide synergist and the chemical pesticide are processed into an agriculturally acceptable preparation and then applied. This approach involves the processing of pesticide formulations, and it is likely that one of ordinary skill in the art would need to select appropriate adjuvants or carriers in addition to the plant-derived pesticide synergist and chemical pesticide. Further preferably, the plant-derived pesticide synergist provided by the invention can be processed with chemical pesticides into conventional pesticide preparations such as emulsifiable concentrates, water emulsions, suspending agents and the like.
Through rigorous research and development of the inventor, the plant-source pesticide synergist has a good synergistic effect on various chemical pesticides such as pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate pesticides, neonicotinoid pesticides, pyrrole pesticides, pyrazole pesticides and pyridine pesticides, and the use amount of the chemical pesticides can be reduced by times when the same control effect is achieved.
The plant source pesticide synergist and the application thereof have at least the following beneficial effects or advantages.
(1) The synergist of the botanical pesticide comprises the extract of astragalus platyphylla of leguminous plants, and has good synergistic effect on various chemical insecticides such as pyrethroid insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides, carbamate insecticides, neonicotinoid insecticides, pyrrole insecticides, pyrazole insecticides, pyridine insecticides and the like. After the plant source pesticide synergist is mixed with various chemical pesticides, the pesticide effect is obviously improved, and the pesticide dosage is reduced.
(2) The astragalus platyphylla has been used as a plant material for extracting a plant source pesticide synergist, has been used as a feed for cattle and sheep for many years, is safe to people and livestock and environment-friendly, and the whole astragalus platyphylla is a plant in the nature, so that the extract of the astragalus platyphylla is easy to decompose under natural conditions, is safe to the environment and a surrounding ecological system, and has no problem of environmental pollution. The raw materials of the botanical pesticide synergist belong to Chinese medicinal material wastes, and the astragalus platyphylla is developed into the botanical pesticide synergist, so that the comprehensive utilization of the astragalus platyphylla is favorably realized.
(3) The astragalus platyphylla is distributed or cultivated and planted in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, inner Mongolia and other places in China, the raw material source is rich, the price is low, the obtaining condition of the astragalus platyphylla extract is mild, and the astragalus platyphylla extract has good market development prospect.
The invention is further described in the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way as indicated by the claims.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The botanical pesticide synergist provided in this example is prepared from astragalus platyphylla plant (including stem, leaf and root) as a raw material.
(1) Preparation method of astragalus platyphylla extract
Weighing 100g of air-dried and crushed astragalus platyphylla plants, placing the plants in a 5L extraction kettle, adding 2.5 kg of methanol, performing reflux extraction for 2-3 hours, and performing reduced pressure concentration to remove the solvent to obtain the astragalus platyphylla extract.
(2) Preparation method of Astragalus platyphylla extract
Weighing 100g of aired and crushed astragalus platyphylla plants, placing the plants in an extraction kettle, adjusting the pressure to 15-30 MPa, the temperature to 40-60 ℃, and the time to 2-6 h. And (3) after extraction is finished, recovering carbon dioxide under reduced pressure to obtain the astragalus platyphylla extract.
(3) Preparation method of astragalus platyphylla extract
Placing the dried and crushed astragalus platyphylla plant into a stirring container, adding 4-8 times by weight of organic solvent, and stirring and leaching for 2-4 times in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 40-80 ℃ for 12-36 hours each time; separating and filtering to obtain a leaching liquor, evaporating and concentrating the leaching liquor under the vacuum degree of 0.05 Mpa-0.09 Mpa, and recovering the organic solvent in the leaching liquor to obtain the astragalus platyphylla extract.
Example 2
In this example, the synergistic effect of methanol extract of astragalus membranaceus on pesticides such as beta-cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan, clothianidin, chlorfenapyr, fipronil and the like is determined.
According to the method of the industry standard NY/T1154.1-2006 agricultural chemical indoor bioassay test standard insecticide part 1: contact killing activity test spot method, indoor-fed 3-year armyworm (Mythimna separata) larvae are selected as test insects, according to a preparation test, test agents are dissolved by methanol and are set to be 5 equal-ratio series concentrations for standby, a micro dropper is cleaned by a solvent, the dropper is adjusted to be in a standby state, the test insects are selected by a writing brush and are placed in a culture dish for standby, the test insects in the culture dish are dripped head by head, liquid medicine is dripped on a chest back plate before the armyworm, each head of the agent is 0.5 mu L, the dripped test insects are respectively transferred to be fed under normal conditions, the test insects are fed for 4 times, the test insects are repeated for 20 times, the treatment of the methanol solvent without the agent is used as a contrast, the death condition of the test insects is investigated for 24 hours after the treatment, the total number and the death number of the astragalus platyphylla methanol extract on the chemical agricultural chemicals added effect result are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 synergistic Effect of Astragalus cornutus on several insecticides
The results in table 1 show that the insecticidal activity of the pesticides such as beta-cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan, clothianidin, chlorfenapyr and fipronil after being mixed with the astragalus membranaceus methanol extract is obviously improved, the synergistic effect is obvious, and the using amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced by times when the same control effect is achieved.
Example 3
This example shows the preparation of a mixed formulation of Astragalus platyphylla extract and beta-cypermethrin. The specific preparation process is described as follows: weighing 5 g of astragalus membranaceus supercritical carbon dioxide extract, 2.5 g (folding hundred) of beta-cypermethrin, 3 g of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, OP-1510 g, tween-803 g, 10 g of ethanol and 5 g of ethylene glycol, stirring at 50 ℃ to be homogeneous, and slowly adding deionized water to complement to 100% to obtain the astragalus membranaceus-beta-cypermethrin emulsion in water.
The inventor carries out a field pesticide effect test for preventing and controlling the greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum in Sunjiao town of Shouguancity, Shandong province in 2017 in 8 months, and verifies the prevention and control effect of the pesticide on the greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum and the safety of the pesticide on cucumbers.
The test crop is cucumber, the control object is greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), and the test medicament and the dosage are detailed in table 2. The cultivation conditions and water and fertilizer management of each district are uniform and consistent. The liquid medicine dosage is 45kg/667 square meter, and a manual sprayer is adopted for uniform spraying, so that the front and back sides of the cucumber leaves in each cell are required to be uniformly applied with medicine. And additionally arranging blank control, repeating the treatment for 4 times, wherein each cell has the area of 20 square meters and 5 cells in total, and arranging the square meters in random blocks. Base number of pre-drug investigation, control effect investigation 1 day and 7 days after the pre-drug investigation, and observation of cucumber growth conditions, and visual inspection of whether the pesticide has chemical injury to cucumber.
The survey statistical method comprises the following steps: 10 cucumbers per cell were calibrated and in the absence of frightening insects the back of the leaves had to be carefully examined, the number of live adults recorded and the leaves were examined in the morning when the adults were less active.
PT is the population reduction rate of the medicament treatment area; CK is the reduction rate of population in the blank control area.
TABLE 2 field test results for controlling greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum
Test results show that the preparation example 3, the methanol extract of the astragalus platyphylla and the 10% of the high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate are prepared at present, the prevention effect on the greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum is obvious, the prevention effect 7 days after the application is 93.54% and 87.24%, the prevention effect is obviously superior to that of the 10% of the high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate on the greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum, and the obvious synergistic effect is shown. The control effect of the examples and the control treatment is remarkably different by analyzing the difference significance 7 days after the drug administration. Safety survey, observation during the test period, all the tested agents are safe to the growth of the cucumber and have no phytotoxicity phenomenon.
Example 4
This example shows the preparation of a mixed formulation of an extract of Astragalus platyphylla and thiamethoxam. The specific preparation process is described as follows: weighing 5 g of astragalus flabellatus methanol extract, 5 g (folding hundred) of thiamethoxam, 5 g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 10 g of nekal BX, 20 g of white carbon black and kaolin to complement to 100 percent to obtain the wettable powder of astragalus flabellatus and thiamethoxam.
The inventor carries out the field pesticide effect test of example 4 for controlling eggplant thrips in Shaanxi province Xiyangyang city in 2017, and verifies the control effect of the pesticide on eggplant thrips and the safety of the pesticide on eggplants. The test crop is eggplant, the control object is Thrips palmi (Thrips palmi), and the control object is sprayed in the stage of 2-year-old nymphs of Thrips palmi. The test field has flat vigor, sandy loam soil as soil, moderate fertility and convenient irrigation and drainage. The test agents and dosages are detailed in table 3. And additionally arranging blank comparison, repeating every treatment for 4 times, wherein each cell is 30 square meters, and the number of the cells is 4 in total, and the cells are arranged in random blocks. And (3) fixedly selecting 20 leaves on the middle upper part of the eggplant in each cell, performing insect population base number investigation before pesticide application, and investigating the residual live insect number 5 days and 10 days after pesticide application. Larval mortality and control efficacy were calculated in the manner described in example 3.
TABLE 3 field test results of efficacy in controlling eggplant thrips
Test results show that the preparation example 4, the methanol extract of the astragalus platyphylla and the 25% thiamethoxam wettable powder are prepared at present, the control effect on eggplant thrips is obvious, the control effect after the preparation is applied for 10 days is 93.16% and 89.70% respectively, the control effect is obviously superior to that of the 25% thiamethoxam wettable powder on thrips, and the obvious synergistic effect is shown. The control effect of the examples and the control treatment is remarkably different by analyzing the difference significance 10 days after the drug administration. Safety survey, observation during the test period, all the test agents are safe to eggplant growth and do not cause phytotoxicity.
The present invention has been further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The application of a plant source pesticide synergist in the aspect of chemical pesticide synergist is characterized in that the synergist comprises an extract of astragalus platyphylla of leguminosae;
the astragalus platyphylla extract is prepared by a solvent extraction method or a supercritical fluid extraction method;
the method for preparing the astragalus platyphylla extract by the solvent extraction method comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix astragali, extracting the obtained pulverized material with organic solvent, and recovering organic solvent in the extract to obtain radix astragali extract; the organic solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate;
the method for preparing the astragalus platyphylla extract by the supercritical fluid extraction method comprises the following steps: placing the crushed and dried astragalus platyphylla in an extraction kettle, selecting carbon dioxide as an extracting agent, extracting at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ under the pressure of 15-30 MPa for 2-6 h, and recovering the carbon dioxide under reduced pressure after extraction is finished to obtain the astragalus platyphylla extract;
the astragalus platyphylla extract has a synergistic effect on the high-efficiency cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan, clothianidin, chlorfenapyr and fipronil of the chemical pesticide.
2. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant-derived pesticide synergist is used in combination with a chemical pesticide.
3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant-derived pesticide synergist is added to the dilution of the chemical pesticide in a tank-mix before spraying.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived pesticide synergist is applied after processing with a chemical pesticide into an agriculturally acceptable formulation.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the agriculturally acceptable formulation comprises an emulsifiable concentrate, an aqueous emulsion, a suspension concentrate.
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| CN108703164A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-26 | 武汉中智德远科技开发有限公司 | A kind of plant sapling insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN110024804B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2021-03-23 | 四川百事东旺生物科技有限公司 | Agricultural bactericidal composition containing kasugamycin and polyoxin |
| CN113068691B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-03-25 | 四川百事东旺生物科技有限公司 | Synergistic composition containing uniconazole special for axillary bud inhibitor |
| CN113331190B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-11 | 河北威远生物化工有限公司 | Pesticide synergistic composition applied to red spider control |
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