CN103931666A

CN103931666A - Insecticide synergist

Info

Publication number: CN103931666A
Application number: CN201410132738.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏辉; 田厚军; 陈艺欣; 林硕; 郑丽祯
Original assignee: Institute of Plant Protection of FAAS
Current assignee: Institute of Plant Protection of FAAS
Priority date: 2014-04-03
Filing date: 2014-04-03
Publication date: 2014-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2034-04-03
Also published as: CN103931666B

Abstract

The invention discloses an insecticide synergist. The insecticide synergist is ramie oil which can be used as a synergist of an insecticide, and the usage of the insecticide synergist is as follows: the ramie oil with the mass being 0.1-95 percent of the mass of an insecticide solution is added into the insecticide and then is uniformly mixed for use. According to the insecticide synergist disclosed by the invention, raw material sources is wide, simple, an extraction method is convenient, the synergistic effect is obvious, the safe and environment-friendly effects are achieved, an application method is simple, the cost is low, the efficacy of the insecticide is remarkably improved, the dosage of the insecticide is reduced by 20%-60% under the same prevention effect, the effective dosage is effectively reduced, the drug resistance of harmful organisms is overcome and delayed, environmental pollution is alleviated, also the latent value of plant resources is fully utilized, wastes are changed into valuable things, economic benefits and environmental protection significance are remarkable.

Description

A kind of insecticidal synergist

Technical field

The invention belongs to pesticide synergistic agent technical field, be specifically related to a kind of insecticidal synergist.

Background technology

Insecticide is the main method that agriculture Control pests is caused harm, yet due to the unreasonable use of insecticide, can make insect develop immunity to drugs to insecticide.Such as diamond-back moth, more than 50 kinds of insecticides have been produced to resistance, even if thought be in the past difficult for to produce resistance benzoyl group Thiourea, insect growth regulator, IGR class, pleocidin and btdeng also all successively having produced resistance.The generation of pest resistance to insecticide has increased the control difficulty of insect, and strengthens field pesticides consumption, not only increases peasant burden, and the emphasis source of the series of problems such as person poultry poisoning, residue of pesticide, also makes many hard-won pesticide new varieties lose drug effect simultaneously especially.It is the important method that improves insecticide drug effect that synergist is used, and for delaying pest resistance to insecticide, also plays an important role.Yet, pesticide synergistic agent, surfactant, pesticide solvent and filling carrier are to mammal, health and the toxic action to plant, cause very early people's concern, until the later stage eighties (1989) and the beginning of the nineties (1992) insecticides adjuvant and application International Academic Conference hold after people just really start to be familiar with the harmfulness of insecticides adjuvant.At present, EPA (EPA) more than 1200 plants auxiliary agent and by toxicity and degree of danger, is divided into four classes and is managed what use, and relevant agricultural product have been proposed to harsh import standard.Therefore the pesticide synergistic agent that, research and development meet environmental protection, health, sustainable development theory has great importance.

Ramie be Section of Genus Boehmeria ( boehmeria nivea) contrayerva, perennial root herbaceous plant, is important textile fabric crop, and the whole world approximately has 120 kinds, is mainly distributed in the torrid zone, subtropics, and minority is distributed in temperate zone, walking quickly and keeping away of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation and insect, has certain application.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of insecticidal synergist, these synergist raw material sources are extensive, simple and convenient extraction, and synergy is obvious, safety and environmental protection, and using method is simple, with low cost, has significant economic benefit and environmental protection meaning.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

An insecticidal synergist, described insecticidal synergist be with Section of Genus Boehmeria ( boehmeria niveal.) contrayerva is the hemp oil that raw material extracts.

The extracting method of described hemp oil is steam distillation, organic solvent method or supercritical CO ₂method.

The step that steam distillation extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering is shredded or pulverized 10-100 mesh sieve; Adopt isolation or soak the way of distillation water vapour is steamed, ramie is 1:1-15 with adding the volume ratio of water, under normal pressure, distills 3-24 hour; Steam, after condenser pipe is cooling, through oil water separator, is collected upper strata cut; Add standing after the anhydrous sodium sulfate of cut 0.5-3 times volume, filter, obtain hemp oil.

The step that organic solvent method extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering is sheared or pulverized, cross 10-100 mesh sieve; Adopt the one or more combination lixiviate in benzinum, ethanol, benzene, dichloroethane, or extract with water vapour combination, ramie than for 1:1-15, is extracted 3-24 hour with solvent volume under normal pressure, obtain hemp oil after solvent flashing.

Supercritical CO ₂the step of extracting hemp oil is as follows :10-100 mesh sieve is pulverized and crossed to the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering; Adopt supercritical CO ₂instrument, extracts according to corresponding operating rules, and extracting pressure 10-50 MPa resolves pressure 3-15 MPa, extraction temperature 30-90 ℃, resolution temperature 30-90 ℃, extraction time 30-360 minute.

Described hemp oil main component is cupreol (β-sitosterol), 3 β, 11 α, 19 α-trihydroxy-12-alkene-28-ursolic acid (3 β, 11 α, 19 α-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid), hederagenin (hederagenin), oleanolic acid (oleanolic acid), ursolic acid (ursolic acid), pomolic acid (pomolic acid), 3 α, 19 alpha-dihydroxy-s-12-alkene-28-ursolic acid (3 α, 19 α-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid), polydatin (polydatin), epicatechin (epicatechin), catechin (catechin).

The purposes of described hemp oil is as insecticide synergist, and its usage is: hemp oil is added in insecticide by the 0.1%-95% of insecticide solution quality, mixes rear use.

remarkable advantage of the present invention is: the compositions such as the cupreol containing in hemp oil, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, epicatechin and catechin all have been reported has the insect pest of killing or feeding deterrent, its effect basis may be because related compound is inhibited to insect bodies intracellular metabolite enzymic activity, it is added the insecticidal action that can effectively strengthen agricultural chemicals in insecticide, and safety and environmental protection; In addition; insecticidal synergist raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, simple and convenient extraction; using method is simple, with low cost; can significantly improve pesticide efficacy, under equal preventive effect, can reduce insecticide consumption 20%-60%, effectively reduce effective dose; overcome and delay the pesticide resistance of pest; reduce environmental pollution, and make full use of the potential value of plant resources, there is significant economic benefit and environmental protection meaning.

Embodiment

Employing Section of Genus Boehmeria ( boehmeria niveal.) contrayerva is that the hemp oil that extracts of raw material is as insecticide synergist.

The extracting method of hemp oil is steam distillation, organic solvent method or supercritical CO ₂method.

The step that steam distillation extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering is cut into fragment; Adopt the immersion way of distillation that water vapour is steamed, ramie is 1:6 with adding the volume ratio of water, distills 4 hours under normal pressure; Steam, after condenser pipe is cooling, through oil water separator, is collected upper strata cut; Add standing after the anhydrous sodium sulfate of 2 times of volumes of cut, filter, obtain hemp oil.

The step that organic solvent method extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering was pulverized to 60 mesh sieves; Add 3 times to carry out lixiviate, under normal pressure, extract 3 hours, after solvent flashing, obtain hemp oil.

Supercritical CO ₂the step of extracting hemp oil is as follows :60 mesh sieves are pulverized and crossed to the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering; Adopt supercritical CO ₂instrument, extracts according to corresponding operating rules, and extracting pressure 20 MPa resolve pressure 6 MPa, 55 ℃ of extraction temperature, 60 ℃ of resolution temperatures, extraction time 65 minutes.

Gained hemp oil is mixed to rear use by different proportion and dissimilar insecticide, and result of use is as shown in table 1.

effect comparison after table 1 hemp oil mixes with dissimilar insecticide

As shown in data in table, synergist of the present invention can significantly improve pesticide efficacy, under equal preventive effect, can reduce insecticide consumption 20%-60%, effectively reduces effective dose, overcomes and delay the pesticide resistance of pest.

Claims

1. an insecticidal synergist, is characterized in that: described insecticidal synergist is hemp oil.

2. insecticidal synergist according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hemp oil is to take the hemp oil that Section of Genus Boehmeria contrayerva extracts as raw material.

3. insecticidal synergist according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the extracting method of described hemp oil is steam distillation, organic solvent method or supercritical CO ₂method.

4. insecticidal synergist according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the step that steam distillation extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering is shredded or pulverized 10-100 mesh sieve; Adopt the isolation way of distillation or soak the way of distillation water vapour is steamed, ramie is 1:1-15 with adding the volume ratio of water, under normal pressure, distills 3-24 hour; Steam, after condenser pipe is cooling, through oil water separator, is collected upper strata cut; Add standing after the anhydrous sodium sulfate of cut 0.5-3 times volume, filter, obtain hemp oil.

5. insecticidal synergist according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the step that organic solvent method extracts hemp oil is as follows: the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering is sheared or pulverized, cross 10-100 mesh sieve; Adopt the one or more combination lixiviate in benzinum, ethanol, benzene, dichloroethane, or extract with water vapour combination, ramie than for 1:1-15, is extracted 3-24 hour with solvent volume under normal pressure, obtain hemp oil after solvent flashing.

6. insecticidal synergist according to claim 3, is characterized in that :supercritical CO ₂the step of extracting hemp oil is as follows :10-100 mesh sieve is pulverized and crossed to the ramie plant fresh or that dry in the shade gathering; Adopt supercritical CO ₂instrument, extracts and obtains hemp oil according to corresponding operating rules.

7. according to insecticidal synergist described in claim 1-6 any one, it is characterized in that: described hemp oil main component is cupreol, 3 β, 11 α, 19 α-trihydroxy-12-alkene-28-ursolic acid, hederagenin, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, pomolic acid, 3 α, 19 alpha-dihydroxy-s-12-alkene-28-ursolic acid, polydatin, epicatechin, catechin.

8. a purposes for insecticidal synergist as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: using hemp oil as insecticide synergist.

9. the purposes of insecticidal synergist according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the usage of described synergist is: hemp oil is added in insecticide by the 0.1%-95% of insecticide solution quality, mixes rear use.