A kind of Pesticidal combination and application thereof comprising bitter pueraria root extract and matrine
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, it is related to a kind of for preventing and treating the Pesticidal combination of agricultural pests, particularly relates to
And the Pesticidal combination is configured to microemulsion, it is used for maize army worm, cabbage pieris, diamondback moth, tea geometrid, tea aphid, tea
The agricultural insect managements such as smaller green leaf hopper.
Technical background
The generation and harm of plant pest are an important factor for restricting agricultural sustainable development, according to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
Estimation, crop loss is up to 20%~40% caused by the whole world is endangered because of disease pest every year, and caused economic loss reaches therefrom
120000000000 dollars.The economic loss of tens billion of members is also caused because of pest and disease damage every year in China.Therefore, prevention and treatment plant pest is true
Protect the important channel of agricultural sustainable development.
In terms of agricultural insect pests control, chemical prevention is a kind of most important control measure, China's insecticide production experience
Insecticide epoch based on inorganic compound, efficient pesticides epoch, ultra high efficiency insecticide epoch and specific desinsection
Four periods of agent or " non-killing livestock property " insecticide epoch.But chemical pesticide control pest is used for a long time, is easy to cause 3R problem, because
This, the biological insecticides such as low toxicity, low-residual, degradable plant insecticide can make up the deficiency of chemical pesticide.Currently,
The vegetable insecticide of commercialization mainly has nimbin, matrine, Celastrus angulatus, pyrethrin, rotenone etc., kills relative to chemistry
The type and quantity of worm agent, available plant insecticide product are also fewer, simultaneously as vegetable insecticide has desinsection speed
Degree is slow, insecticidal effect is influenced by pesticide application technology, is easy the disadvantages of decomposing, and does not have also in existing biocides market apparent
Competitiveness.In order to play the advantage of vegetable insecticide itself, its insecticidal effect is improved, the market competitiveness is improved, by plant
Insecticidal materials is compounded, and is an effective means.
Bitter Pueraria lobota category pulse family Pueraria lobota category, alias pueraria omeiensis Wang et Tang are distributed widely in the ground such as China Tibet, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, money
Source electrode horn of plenty.Li Biao etc. and apply stamen etc. the study found that bitter Pueraria lobota n-butanol extract have to corn borer and cabbage butterfly it is certain
Simultaneously, bitter Pueraria lobota n-butanol extract also has toxic action to corn Rhopalosiphum spp for food refusal and toxic action, is a kind of potential plant
Material resource insecticide has many advantages, such as that biological pesticide low toxicity, low-residual, degradable, desinsection quick-acting is strong.
Matrine is the dry root leguminous plant kuh-seng, plant, fruit through being made of the extraction of the organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol
Alkaloid, matrine are Study of Natural Plant Pesticides, are broad spectrum pesticides to people and animals' low toxicity, have and tag and stomach poison function.To vegetable
Dish piercing-sucking mouthparts pests aphid, lepidopterous insects cabbage caterpillar, Euproctis pseudoconspersa, diamondback moth and tea lesser leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum etc. are all
With ideal preventive effect.The long broad spectrum pesticide nimbin of the strong bitter pueraria root extract of quick-acting and lasting period is compounded, it can
To improve vegetable insecticide to the effect of control of insect.Currently, not yet discovery carries out bitter pueraria root extract with matrine to compound use
In the relevant report of agricultural insect pests control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the complex insecticidal composition comprising bitter pueraria root extract and matrine, and the two has synergistic effect, into
The two is prepared into microemulsion by one step, prevention and treatment cabbage pieris, diamondback moth, maize army worm, tea tree tea geometrid, tea aphid, small green
The agricultural pests such as leafhopper.
Based on this purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Pesticidal combination, which is characterized in that it is 1:4~4 that the active constituent in the Pesticidal combination, which is weight ratio:
The composition of 1 bitter pueraria root extract and matrine.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the two is 1:2~4:1;It is highly preferred that the weight ratio of the two is 3:1.
The bitter pueraria root extract is dried in 80 DEG C of baking ovens the preparation method comprises the following steps: the root of bitter Pueraria lobota to be cut into the segment of l-2cm long
It is dry, it crushed 50 meshes, collect spare;Refluxing extraction is carried out at 70 DEG C using 75% ethanol water, each 8h extracts 3
It is secondary, leaching liquor is collected, residue is filtered to remove, leaching liquor is concentrated under reduced pressure, collection obtains dry medicinal extract;Medicinal extract is diluted with water,
With extracting n-butyl alcohol, the ratio of extractant and concentrate aqueous is 4:1, and extract liquor is concentrated and dried, concentrate AB-8 resin
Static Adsorption is stayed overnight;The mixed solvent elution for being 3:7 with water and methanol ratio, eluent is concentrated and dried, and as bitter Pueraria lobota is extracted
Object.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of microemulsions, which is characterized in that it includes above-mentioned Pesticidal combination and helps
Agent;Wherein the dosage of Pesticidal combination is 1~20 weight %, and auxiliary agent is 20~40 weight % of solvent, 10~25 weight of emulsifier
% is measured, 5~15 weight % of cosolvent, 3~5 weight % of antifreezing agent, remaining supplies 100 weight % with water.
The solvent is methanol;
The emulsifier is styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyaryl phenol polyethenoxy
The combination of one or more of ether phosphate;
The cosolvent is isopropanol, one kind of n-butanol or mixture;
The antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the dosage of effective component is 5~15 weight %;It is highly preferred that the dosage of effective component is 10 weight %;
Further, the present invention provides above-mentioned Pesticidal combination and/or microemulsion prevents and treats cabbage pieris, diamondback moth, jade
The purposes of rice mythimna separata, tea tree tea geometrid, tea aphid or smaller green leaf hopper.
Unless otherwise indicated, " % " in this specification is " weight percent ".
The preparation method of the application microemulsion: each components in certain proportion measured is put into emulsification cutter;High speed is cut
It cuts 30 minutes, the product can be obtained, used by spraying after dilution.
The utility model has the advantages that Pesticidal combination of the invention compared to single dose have good synergistic effect, coefficient of synergism 130 with
On.In addition, microemulsion prepared by the present invention is a kind of novel environment friendly dosage form of water baseization, powder is fine, is easy to permeate insect bodies
Wall, to play better toxic action to harmful insect.Effective component used in microemulsion of the invention is plant medical agent, to non-
Target organisms and Environmental security are suitble to use in various crop to person poultry harmless, can effectively prevent cabbage pieris, small
The agricultural pests such as diamond-back moth, maize army worm, tea tree tea geometrid, tea aphid, smaller green leaf hopper.Meanwhile using mixed dosage form, compared to single agent
For, insecticidal spectrum is wide, has synergistic effect, and can effectively reduce use cost, reduces pest resistance to insecticide.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention with following specific example into
Row explanation, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments.
The root of bitter Pueraria lobota: being cut into the segment of l-2cm long by bitter pueraria root extract preparation method, is dried in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, is crushed
50 meshes are crossed, are collected spare.Refluxing extraction is carried out at 70 DEG C using 75% ethanol water, each 8h is extracted 3 times, is collected
Leaching liquor is filtered to remove residue, and leaching liquor is concentrated under reduced pressure, and collection obtains dry medicinal extract.Medicinal extract is diluted with water, n-butanol is used
The ratio of extraction, extractant and concentrate aqueous is 4:1, and extract liquor is concentrated and dried, concentrate AB-8 resin Static Adsorption
Overnight.The mixed solvent elution for being 3:7 with water and methanol ratio, eluent is concentrated and dried, as bitter pueraria root extract.
One, embodiment is prepared
Embodiment 1:
Bitter pueraria root extract 2wt%;Matrine 8wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 2:
Bitter pueraria root extract 2.5wt%;Matrine 7.5wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether
10wt%;Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 3:
Bitter pueraria root extract 3.3wt%;Matrine 6.7wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether
10wt%;Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 4:
Bitter pueraria root extract 5wt%;Matrine 5wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 5:
Bitter pueraria root extract 6.7wt%;Matrine 3.3wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether
10wt%;Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 6:
Bitter pueraria root extract 7.5wt%;Matrine 2.5wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether
10wt%;Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 7:
Bitter pueraria root extract 8wt%;Matrine 2wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 8:
Bitter pueraria root extract 3wt%;Matrine 1wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 9:
Bitter pueraria root extract 6wt%;Matrine 2wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 10:
Bitter pueraria root extract 9wt%;Matrine 3wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Embodiment 11:
Bitter pueraria root extract 12wt%;Matrine 4wt%;Methanol 30wt%, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether 10wt%;
Isopropanol 10wt%;Ethylene glycol 3wt%;Surplus is supplied with water.
Two, biological Examples
1, indoor bactericidal activity measures
1.1 Study on Fungicide Toxicity
Referring to farm-chemical indoor determination test rule, using dip method measurement for examination single dose to the poison of 3 age armyworm larvaes
Kill activity.Bitter pueraria root extract and matrine are respectively set into 5 concentration for the treatment of (being diluted with dimethyl sulfoxide solvent).Take 3 age of mythimna separata young
Worm impregnates 10s in each concentration liquid, takes out, blots extra medical fluid with blotting paper, be placed in the clean container for being placed with fresh food
In.Dimethyl sulfoxide compares.Each concentration handles 20, is repeated 4 times.Then processed test worm is put into artificial intelligence gas
Wait raising in case culture (28 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, RH=80%).Number of dead and live insects is checked after 72h, cannot normally creep as death.Meter
The insect population death rate, corrected mortality are calculated, and finds out by probit analysis method the toxicity regression curve and LC of two single doses50Value.
The complex role research of 1.2 bitter pueraria root extract objects and matrine
Bitter pueraria root extract and matrine are compounded: two kinds of raw medicines are configured to 4:1,3:1,2:1,1 by effective component:
1,1:2,1:3,1:4 totally 7 proportions (mass ratio).Above-mentioned formula presses Study on Fungicide Toxicity method respectively and carries out toxicity test.
Mixture synergy is evaluated, with LC50Based on value, mixture joint is evaluated by calculating mixture co-toxicity coefficient
Type of action.
CTC>=120 are synergistic effect, and 80≤CTC<120 are summation action, and CTC<80 are antagonism.
2. test result
2.1 Study on Fungicide Toxicity results
The Toxicity Determination result of the 12 kinds of medicaments of table to mythimna separata
As it can be seen from table 1 LC of the bitter Pueraria lobota crude extract to 3 age armyworm larvaes50For 304.2060 μ g/mL;Matrine is to 3 ages
The LC of armyworm larvae50For 605.5420 μ g/mL.
The The Toxicity Determination result of the bitter pueraria root extract of table 2 and matrine compound to 3 age armyworm larvaes
As shown in Table 2, all proportions of bitter pueraria root extract and matrine compound show certain synergistic effect, but not
With compound proportion coefficient of synergism difference.Wherein, when the compound proportion of bitter Pueraria lobota crude extract and matrine is 3:1, co-toxicity coefficient
Highest is 205.3626.
Two, field experiment
1. test method
Cabbage caterpillar and diamondback moth test are carried out in Chengdu double fluid area;Maize army worm test is carried out in Renshou County;Tea geometrid
Carry out with the test of tea aphid in Ya'an Mingshan County.Experimental field soil types is clay, and soil fertility is medium, cell cultivation condition one
It causes.Plot area 20m2, centre setting isolation strip.It is each to implement in cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, mythimna separata and tea geometrid controlling experiment
Example presses effective component 20g/hm2Dosage it is spraying against plant, medicament control is 0.3% matrine missible oil and 10% bitter Pueraria lobota
Extract microemulsion, dosage are effective component 20g/hm2;In tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper controlling experiment, each embodiment is by having
Imitate ingredient 2g/hm2Dosage it is spraying against plant, medicament control is that 2% aqueous matrine solution and 10% bitter pueraria root extract are micro-
Emulsion, dosage are effective component 2g/hm2;, to spray clear water as blank control, tests every processing and be repeated 4 times, random area
Group carries out cell arrangement.1d, 3d, 7d and 14d investigate the borer population in each cell after application, according to clear water check plot and treatment region
Borer population calculates control efficiency, and carries out significance difference analysis.
In formula: TaThe individual amount survived after the prevention and treatment of-treatment region;TbThe individual amount survived before the prevention and treatment of-treatment region;
CaThe individual amount survived after the prevention and treatment of-check plot;CbThe individual amount survived after the prevention and treatment of-check plot.
The preparation of 10% bitter pueraria root extract microemulsion: weighing omei mountain kudzuvine root extract 10kg, be dissolved in 20kg n-butanol, then
Alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5kg, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 15kg is added, is mixed in the case where temperature is 45 DEG C of stirring condition;?
While stirring, water ion water 50kg is slowly added dropwise, continues to stir 1h after completion of dropwise addition to get to 10% bitter pueraria root extract micro emulsion
Agent 100kg.Resulting preparation meets national microemulsion performance indicator requirement on the Testing index such as stability, appearance.
2. test result
11 complex microemulsions of bitter pueraria root extract and matrine are determined to maize army worm, cabbage pieris, diamondback moth, tea
Looper, tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper field control effect, be shown in Table 3, table 4, table 5, table 6, table 7 and table 8.
As can be seen that different embodiments are to maize army worm, cabbage pieris, diamondback moth from table 3,4 table 5 of table and 6 table of table
There is different degrees of preventive and therapeutic effect with tea geometrid.Wherein, when bitter pueraria root extract and matrine effective component are 10wt%, two
Best to the above pest controling effect when person's proportion is 3:1 (embodiment 6), being higher than other proportions, (embodiment 1, embodiment 2 are real
Apply example 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 7 and comparison medicament processing).(implement when active constituent content is lower than 10wt%
Example 8 and embodiment 9), the control efficiency of the insect pests such as maize army worm is decreased obviously;When active constituent content is higher than 10wt%
(embodiment 10 and embodiment 11), to the control efficiency of the insect pests such as maize army worm without significantly improving.It can thus be seen that when bitter Pueraria lobota
Extract and matrine effective component are 10wt%, and it is best available component content and proportion that the two proportion, which is 3:1, to small jade
Rice mythimna separata, cabbage pieris, diamondback moth and tea geometrid have good control efficiency.
From 8 table of table 7 and table data can be seen that different embodiments have to tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper it is different degrees of
Preventive and therapeutic effect, effect is obviously higher than 0.3% matrine missible oil of comparison medicament and 10% bitter pueraria root extract microemulsion.Wherein, when
Bitter pueraria root extract and matrine effective component are 10wt%, when the two proportion is 3:1 (embodiment 6), to tea aphid, the small greenery of tea
Cicada control efficiency is best, is higher than other proportion (embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5,7 Hes of embodiment
Comparison medicament processing).When active constituent content is lower than 10wt% (embodiment 8 and embodiment 9), to tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper
Control efficiency be remarkably decreased;It is small to tea aphid, tea when active constituent content is higher than 10wt% (embodiment 10 and embodiment 11)
The control efficiency of greenery cicada is also significantly lower than embodiment 6.It can thus be seen that when bitter pueraria root extract and matrine effective component are
10wt%, and it is best available component content and proportion that the two proportion, which is 3:1, has good prevention and treatment to tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper
Effect.
These results suggest that when bitter pueraria root extract and matrine effective component are 10wt%, when the two proportion is 3:1
(embodiment 6) has good field control to maize army worm, cabbage pieris, diamondback moth, tea geometrid, tea aphid, tea lesser leafhopper
Effect, and it is better than other embodiments (embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 7, embodiment
8, embodiment 9, embodiment 10, embodiment 11 and comparison medicament are handled).
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment maize army worms of table 3
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment cabbage caterpillars of table 4
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment diamondback moths of table 5
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment tea geometrids of table 6
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment tea aphids of table 7
The field efficacy of the different embodiment processing prevention and treatment tea lesser leafhoppers of table 8
A kind of Pesticidal combination and application thereof comprising bitter pueraria root extract and matrine of the invention has passed through specific real
Example is applied to be described.Those skilled in the art can use for reference the links such as the appropriate feed change of the contents of the present invention, process conditions
To realize that corresponding other purposes, correlation change all without departing from the contents of the present invention, all similar substitutions and modifications pair
It is it will be apparent that being considered as being included within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art.