CN106070388B - A kind of herbicide composition and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating paddy field weed - Google Patents
A kind of herbicide composition and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating paddy field weed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106070388B CN106070388B CN201610532201.5A CN201610532201A CN106070388B CN 106070388 B CN106070388 B CN 106070388B CN 201610532201 A CN201610532201 A CN 201610532201A CN 106070388 B CN106070388 B CN 106070388B
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- rice
- butachlor
- rice chaff
- paddy
- paddy field
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of herbicide composition and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating paddy field weed.The Herbicidal combinations are using the rice chaff machining object of the small numb paddy of rice as carrier, and contain butachlor, organic solvent and Multiple Pesticides auxiliary agent, each raw material and its mass percent proportion are as follows: rice chaff machining object 98.357~99.485%, butachlor 0.199~0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate 0.149~0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products 0.149~0.492%, acetone 0.003~0.010%, dimethylbenzene 0.010~0.039%, glycerine 0.002~0.010%, twen-80: 0.003~0.010%.The Herbicidal combinations have the characteristics that safe and efficient prevention and treatment paddy field weed, while being significantly reduced the field usage amount of the harmful chemicals such as butachlor, dimethylbenzene.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of technical field of pesticide of herbicide for preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof.Specifically
Are as follows: after the rice husk of the small numb paddy of Yunnan traditional rice variety is processed by programs such as crushing, fermentation, decompression dryings, in this, as
Carrier and butachlor and wetting agent, dispersing agent etc. are mixed in certain mass ratio, and one kind of acquisition can be used for preventing and treating paddy field
The herbicide composition of weeds.
Background technique
Pesticide is to prevent and treat the indispensable important means of production of agricultural pest, and modern agricultural production mainly passes through chemistry
The occurrence injury of pesticide disease and pest control.Recent statistics show about 320,000 tons of various chemical pesticides that China uses every year, retrieve
About 1/3 grain yield.However chemical pesticide largely pollutes environment using serious for a long time, and ecological safety and food is threatened to pacify
Entirely, people's extensive concern is caused[1].It is primarily due to largely to use resistance caused by chemical pesticide, residual and rampant problem day again
Beneficial protrusion and be increasingly concerned.Secondly, a large amount of uses of chemical pesticide cause serious pollution of the pesticide to environment.And
Most chemical pesticides will cause acute poisoning and death after largely contacting and eat by mistake to humans and animals nocuousness.According to the United Nations's ring
Border Planning Department statistics, the peasant of developing country have in 2,000,000 people's pesticides every year due to lacking scientific knowledge and safety measure
Poison, wherein about 40,000 people are dead, and slow poisoning person, as many as quantity can not count[2].The use of chemical pesticide is reduced,
Environment and bio-diversity is protected to become the common cry of the mankind.
Rice is one of most important cereal crops in the world, and there are about 55.9% populations using rice as staple food in the whole world[3]。
China is maximum paddy producing country in the world, about 34,000,000 hm of the long-term cultivated area of paddy2.Weeds in paddy field especially barnyard grass
Grass seriously affects the yield and quality of rice, is always a great problem in Rice Production.Studies have shown that weeds in paddy field passes through
With rice competitive resource (such as nutrient, sunlight and water) and space, changes the micro-ecological environment of paddy field and increase Scale in Paddy Field Rice Diseases
Harmful generation etc., has often resulted in Rice Yield Loss Caused up to 40% or more.Such as Olofsdotter studies have shown that when barnyard grass in paddy field
Generation density is 1 plant/m2When, it can lead to rice for the underproduction 11.6%[4]；And the researchs such as summer Chinese inflammation also indicate that, direct sowing rice field is not
In the case where preventing and kill off, production loss is up to 70%~80%, is mainly shown as that effective fringe is reduced, number of grain per ear reduces, empty sore rate
Increase, mass of 1000 kernel decline[5].Therefore, the occurrence injury for effectively controlling weeds in paddy field is to guarantee that Stabilizing Grain Output, volume increase solve the world
The important leverage of grain security.
Modern agricultural production mainly controls the occurrence injury of weeds in paddy field by chemical pesticide.It is largely used in production at present
The chemical herbicide of control weeds in paddy field mainly has soil treatment weeding before the bud based on butachlor, pretilachlor and bensulfuron-methyl etc.
Agent and the stem and leaf treatment after seedling weeding based on dichloro quinolinic acid bensulfuron-methyl class compounding agent, cyhalofop-butyl and bispyribac-sodium etc.
Agent[6].Wherein butachlor is soil processing herbicide before amides selectivity inner sucting conduction type bud, mainly passes through the young shoot of weeds
It absorbs, can also be absorbed by root, inhibiting the protein of sensitive plant to synthesize keeps the enlargement of weeds shoot, deformity, color depth green, finally leads
It causes withered.Butachlor has preferable preventive effect to the monocotyledon weed of rice seedling bed, live streaming field, transplant field, big for a long time
Amount uses.The usage amount of China's herbicide for paddy field butachlor in 1999 is more than 5000 tons[7].However, butachlor is for a long time largely to soil
Earth microorganism, aquatile and food safety etc. bring many negative effects and attract wide attention.Research shows that fourth is careless
Amine not only has stimulation to eyes and skin, also has certain mutagenicity to animal.Such as Wang passes through research
It was found that butachlor can be such that the sister chromosome of mouse tracheal epithelial tissue cell exchanges[8]。
Allelopathic Effect in Plants is that plant influences to close on biological (such as field microorganism and weeds by release secondary metabolites
Deng) the chemical ecology phenomenon of growth and development[9].Due to not introducing chemical substance difficult to degrade into the ecosystem, plant
Object allelopathy will not bring the environmental problems such as pollution by pesticides, become the new way of environmentally friendly control crop smothering application.
Weeds in paddy field is controlled using Allelopathic Effect in Plants, will reduce or replace dependence of the existing agricultural production to chemical herbicide, is protected
Environment and bio-diversity are one of 21 century agricultural sustainable development key technologies[10]。
Rice rice husk is the by-product of Rice producing, partially contains allelochemical rice husk ketone.Using rice husk as raw material, carry out phase
It closes suppression grass research to attract attention, and has caused the essence variation of rice cultivating technique, cropping system.Rice chaff returning to the field
Both safety and environmental protection plays a dual role of fertile medicine, and Social benefit and economic benefit is apparently higher than artificial weeding, is organic rice production
The ideal weeding practical technique in field.Rice field applies a weeding technique of the rice chaff as production organic rice, has preferable city
Field prospect.At the end of the 20th century at the beginning of 21 century, Japan takes the lead in using rice chaff as a paddy field weeding New technical use in rice cropping,
It is many studies have shown that reaching 2000Kg/hm when rice chaff amount of application2When, a variety of weeds of paddy field can be effectively controlled, and have preferable
Effect[11-12].Chinese scholar has also carried out correlative study to the herbicide effect of rice chaff.Such as Zhang Lei is studies have shown that work as rice chaff
Usage amount is 300g/m2When, all kinds of weeds in paddy field can be effectively controlled early period, but the lasting period is not as good as chemical herbicide[13]。
Domestic and international correlative study shows that rice chaff can be used to control weeds in paddy field under the premise of a certain amount of.However, at present
The problems such as that there are still field rates is excessive for this technology, and preventive effect is unstable, seriously affects its popularization and application.To solve above-mentioned ask
For a long time largely using control farmland weed bring inconvenience, the present invention is obtained by screening for topic and chemical herbicide
Press down the small numb paddy rice husk of careless effect with certain, by being crushed, being fermented, after the programs such as decompression drying process, in this, as load
Body and butachlor and wetting agent, dispersing agent etc. are mixed in certain mass ratio, and one kind of acquisition can be used for preventing and treating paddy field miscellaneous
The herbicide composition of grass.
Bibliography:
[1]Cheng H H.Pesticides in the soil enviroment:Processes,impacts,and
modeling.Published bysoil science society of America,Inc.Madison,Wiseonsin,
USA,1990,7-50.
[2] research Fujian Agricultural Univeristy (doctor opinion of the Zhang Fushan plant protection in Grain Production in China security implication
Text), 2007.
[3] Jiang Liang, Guo Longbiao the Molecular Evaluation of Rice Germplasm Resources and utilize China rice .2000, (3): 8- before money
11.
[4]Olofsdotter M.,Rebulanan M.,Madrid A.,Wang D L.,Navarez D.,Olk D
C.Why phenolic acid are unlikely primary allelochemicals in rice? J Chem
Ecol.,2002,28(1):229-242
[5] Xia Hanyan, Zhang Xilin direct sowing of rice rice field main weeds occurrence characteristic and its comprehensive treatment Anhui agronomy are logical
Report, 2006,12 (7): 149-153.
[6] Tu Yu admires development [J] plant protection of the China pesticide science, 2007,33 (5): 22-26.
[7] Chinese pesticide Information Network .http: //www.chinapesticide.gov.cn
[8]Wang T C,Lee T C,Lin M E.Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges
by Pesticides in primary rat tracheal epithelial cells and Chinese hamster
ovary cells.Genetic Toxicology,1987,188(4):311-321.
[9]Dilday R H,Yan W G,Moldenhauer K A K,Gravois K A.Allelopathy
activity in rice for controlling major aquatic weeds.In:Olofsdotter
M.Allelopathy in Rice.Manila,Philippines:IRRI,1998:7–26
[10] Kong Chuihua, Xu Tao fly the allelopathy and its abduction mechanism Acta Ecologica Sinica that wait plant under environment-stress recklessly,
2000,20(5):849-854
[11] Song Qingnai, Pu Shuying, in pendant cutting edge of a knife or a sword rice chaff rice make, a quantum leap-Japan paddy field weed-killer of agricultural production with
New trend (one) the China rice of fertilization of rice, 2002, (1): 40-41.
[12] Song Qingnai, Pu Shuying, in pendant cutting edge of a knife or a sword rice chaff rice make, a quantum leap-Japan paddy field weed-killer of agricultural production with
New trend (two) [J] the China rice of fertilization of rice, 2002, (2): 40-42.
[13] Zhang Lei, Wang Yufeng, old snow is beautiful, waits green substitute technology-rice chaff weeding technique research Exploitation of Agriculture in Heilongjiang
Science, 2010, (12): 72-74.
Summary of the invention
Brought pollution environment and danger are largely used for a long time to solve chemical herbicide butachlor and its auxiliary agent dimethylbenzene
Evil human health and it is existing using rice chaff control weeds in paddy field existing for field rate is excessive, transportation cost is excessively high, preventive effect not
The problems such as stable.
The present invention utilizes the inhibition weeds characteristic of rice chaff, by the small numb paddy rice of the stronger Yunnan traditional rice variety of activity of weeding
Shell passes through mixed in certain mass ratio with herbicide butachlor, insecticides adjuvant etc. after the processing of the programs such as crushing, fermentation, decompression drying
It closes, a kind of herbicide composition that can be used for preventing and treating paddy field annual grassy weeds of acquisition.The Herbicidal combinations are relative to mesh
The preceding herbicide butachlor missible oil largely used is not only safer to the control efficiency of the annual grassy weeds of paddy field, high
Effect, but also significantly reduce the field amount of application of pesticide (butachlor) and various insecticides adjuvants (dimethylbenzene etc.).
Technical scheme is as follows:
Screening obtains the small numb paddy rice husk with stronger weed-suppresive activity, by crushing, fermenting to it, the programs such as decompression drying
It is mixed by certain mass proportion with herbicide butachlor after processing, obtaining one kind can be used for preventing and treating a variety of annual grassy weeds of paddy field
Herbicidal combinations.The composition not only increases the drug effect and safety of herbicide butachlor, and significantly reduces pesticide (fourth
Careless amine) and various insecticides adjuvants (dimethylbenzene etc.) field amount of application.Specific technical solution is as follows:
1. a kind of herbicide composition for preventing and treating paddy field weed, which is characterized in that the herbicide composition is with rice
Chaff machining object is carrier, is made of each raw material of following mass percent:
Rice chaff machining object: 98.357~99.485%, butachlor: 0.199~0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate: 0.149
~0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products: 0.149~0.492%, acetone: 0.003~0.010%, dimethylbenzene:
0.010~0.039%, glycerine: 0.002~0.010%, soil temperature -80:0.003~0.010%.
2. Herbicidal combinations carrier described in technical solution 1 is that the small numb paddy rice chaff of Yunnan traditional rice variety is crushed, sent out
Processing product after ferment and evaporated under reduced pressure.
3. a kind of preparation method of the herbicide composition of prevention and treatment paddy field weed, feature described in technical solution 1
It is, comprising the following steps:
3.1 by each raw material described in technical solution 1 and its mass percent proportion stock；
A kind of 3.2 herbicide compositions for preventing and treating paddy field weed according to technical solution 1, which is characterized in that
The rice chaff machining object is small numb paddy rice chaff machining object, is prepared by the following method to obtain: the rice chaff of small fiber crops paddy smashes it through 100 mesh
Sieve, extracting screen underflow 10Kg are put into reactor tank a, rear that 2L sterile water is added, and gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram withered grass is then added
Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) 20g, gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus
Lincheniformis) 10g and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacterias (Lactobacillus delbrueckii)
10g, ferment in the insulating box of 25 DEG C of conditions 48h after mixing evenly, after crushed after evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of 50 DEG C, gained powder
It minces as rice chaff machining object.
3.3 are separately added into butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80 in reactor tank b, under normal temperature conditions with 10~
20 revs/min are stirred 5~10 minutes, are made it completely dissolved, and are pharmaceutical liquid；
3.4 mix the rice chaff machining object that step 3.2 obtains with the pharmaceutical liquid that step 3.3 obtains, and add alkylnaphthalene
Sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerine, specifically: the reaction of rice chaff machining object will be housed under normal temperature conditions
Tank a by 60~80 revs/min rotation, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate in reactor tank b, alkylnaphthalene sulphur
Sour formaldehyde condensation products and glycerine are added in reactor tank a by being mounted on the spraying device on the top reactor tank a, after mixing institute
The product obtained is a kind of herbicide composition of prevention and treatment paddy field weed.
The outstanding advantages of Herbicidal combinations of the present invention:
1. reducing the field usage amount of chemical herbicide butachlor.Field trial shows that chemical herbicide butachlor exists
Dosage is 2025.0g ai/hm2When, 95% or more is reached to the control efficiency of paddy field weed, Herbicidal combinations of the invention
In 300Kg/hm2When (its butachlor content be 1103.1~1770.45g ai/hm2), to the comprehensively control effect of weeds in paddy field
It is not significant with the weeds in field control efficiency difference of herbicide butachlor, reduce 12.57~45.52% butachlor field rates
(detailed in Example 5).
2. reducing the field usage amount of rice chaff, the stability of its rice field Weed control effect is improved.Studies have shown that utilizing rice
The field amount of application that chaff effectively controls weeds in paddy field is usually 2000Kg/hm2, and preventive effect is unstable.And Herbicidal combination of the present invention
The rice chaff field rate that object effectively controls weeds in paddy field is 150~300Kg/hm2, not only significantly reduce the field application of rice chaff
Amount also improves the stability (being detailed in background technique and embodiment 5) of its control grass.
3. reducing the field usage amount of organic solvent.The butachlor class herbicide of market sale at present is mainly various contains
The butachlor ec of amount, main component also have containing a certain proportion of dimethylbenzene, acetone etc. in addition to containing herbicide butachlor
Solvent.Such as common 60% butachlor ec in market, the recommendation dosage of prevention and control paddy field weed is 150g/ mus, contained by
Various organic solvents, the usage amounts such as auxiliary agent such as acetone and dimethylbenzene be 60g/ mus.And Herbicidal combinations acetone of the present invention and two
The organic solvents usage amount such as toluene is only 2.6~9.8g/ mus.The unit area usage amount of organic solvent is significantly reduced, is reduced
Environmental pollution (is detailed in Herbicidal combinations quality proportioning).
4. pair rice is safer.It is 3cm that butachlor ec control weeds in paddy field, which need to control water depth, and water layer is excessively shallow,
It is unfavorable for the performance of butachlor drug effect, too deep (being 5cm in water depth) then easily floods and cause phytotoxicity.And Herbicidal combination of the invention
Object not only reduces the field amount of application of chemical pesticide (butachlor) and various auxiliary agents (dimethylbenzene etc.), safer to rice,
Even if water depth is 5cm after field trial shows application, to rice safety (detailed in Example 5).
It elaborates below by specific Comparative Example and specific embodiment to Herbicidal combinations of the invention,
The embodiment described and comparative example are explanation of the invention rather than limit.
Specific embodiment
Herbicidal combinations of the invention are done in detail below by specific comparative example, embodiment and specific embodiment
Explanation.Each embodiment is conventional method without specified otherwise, and material therefor is also commercially available.
The rice chaff of the different rice varieties of embodiment 1 presses down careless merit rating
1.1 material to be tested
Japonica rice, long-grained nonglutinous rice, hybrid rice and totally 30 kinds of 4 major class of Yunnan Rice Landraces, each material are contained for examination rice rice chaff material
Material specifically: (cloud stalk 26, beautiful stalk 11, cloud round-grained rice is No. 19 excellent, cloud round-grained rice is No. 10 excellent, cloud round-grained rice is No. 15 excellent, cloud light 101, Chu's stalk for japonica rice variety
28, cloud stalk 19, Chu's stalk 31, cloud light 109, cloud obstruct 39, phoenix rice 23)；Rice variety (cloud light 17, cloud two excellent 144, Yun You 948, cloud
Surpass No. 7, Yiyou 673)；Hybrid rice variety (Yunnan is miscellaneous 33, Yunnan is miscellaneous 31, two excellent 1586, Yunnan it is miscellaneous 35, two excellent 2161, two excellent 2111,
Yunnan is miscellaneous 40, Yunnan is miscellaneous 37, Yunnan is miscellaneous 36, Yunnan is miscellaneous 41, Yunnan is miscellaneous 46, elm is miscellaneous 33) and the small numb paddy of Yunnan traditional rice variety.Above-mentioned rice
Material is to produce upper common and planted for a long time, and all rice materials are purchased from Kunming Seed Market.
1.2 test method
The allelopathic weed-suppresive activity for trying rice material rice chaff is evaluated using culture dish filter paper method.Each rice material rice
The suppression grass ability bioassay of chaff operates by the following method: respectively being crushed the rice chaff of above-mentioned rice material with high speed disintegrator
And it sieves with 100 mesh sieve.Every kind of rice chaff 5g to pulverize and sieve is taken to be placed in triangular flask, it is rear that 100mL sterile water is added and stirs evenly, 25
It is impregnated in DEG C insulating box for 24 hours afterwards with the vibration of ultrasonic extraction instrument extraction 20 minutes, it is spare after being filtered by double-layer filter paper.In diameter
Qualitative filter paper is padded in the culture dish of 9cm, rear every ware is sprinkled into 30, selected barnyard grass seed.The rice chaff that early period is collected respectively is filtered
Liquid shakes up rear every culture dish and 10mL is added, and 10mL sterile water is added in blank control.In 10 000lx of intensity of illumination, temperature after sealing
Constant temperature incubation in the growth cabinet of (28 ± 0.5) DEG C, light application time 12h/d takes out barnyard grass after 7d and blots plant with blotting paper
The moisture sticked in strain measures the plant height and root long of barnyard grass.
1.3 calculation methods:
Inhibiting rate (the %)=([mean value of the mean value (cm)-of control barnyard grass plant height and root long processing barnyard grass plant height and root long
(cm)] mean value (cm) of barnyard grass plant height and root long × 100/ is compareed
All data are for statistical analysis using 9.01 editions softwares of DPS v.And use one-way analysis of variance (One-Way
ANOVA it) tests to the suppression grass effect of material to be tested, and multiple ratio is carried out to inhibiting rate using Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method
Compared with, analyze different disposal between difference.
The influence that 1 different materials rice chaff water extract of table grows barnyard grass
Note: lowercase alphabet shows that same column inhibiting rate data compare in 5% horizontal conspicuousness in table, and letter is identical to indicate poor
It is different not significant, conversely, then significant.
As shown in Table 1, result of study shows there be growth of 20 kinds of Aqueous extracts to barnyard grass for the rice chaff for trying 30 kinds of rice materials
Facilitation is shown as, the rice chaff of only 10 kinds rice varieties shows as growth inhibition to barnyard grass.In all pairs of barnyard grass growth tables
Now in the rice chaff kind of inhibiting effect, the inhibiting effect that the small numb paddy rice chaff Aqueous extracts of local rice variety grow barnyard grass is most
By force, the 5% Aqueous extracts average inhibition long to barnyard grass root long and bud reaches 17.86%, is significantly stronger than other rice varieties.Cause
This, the suppression grass ability value of the small numb paddy rice chaff of Yunnan traditional rice variety must be furtherd investigate.
2 processing method of embodiment presses down the influence of careless ability to small numb paddy rice chaff
Embodiment 1 is studies have shown that the inhibiting effect that the small numb paddy rice chaff Aqueous extracts of Yunnan traditional rice variety grow barnyard grass
Noticeably greater than other kinds, 5% Aqueous extracts are in room conditions 17.86% to the inhibiting effect of barnyard grass.Existing research table
Bright, rice husk ketone contained in rice rice husk is the principle active component that rice husk plays suppression grass effect.However, rice rice husk is rich in fibre
Tie up element, lignin, the substances such as silica, it is difficult to degrade, contained by rice husk ketone also therefore, it is difficult to discharge, influence the suppression of rice husk
Weeds effect processed.This research explores its influence for pressing down careless ability to rice husk by being compared to rice chaff different processing methods.
2.1 material to be tested
Small fiber crops paddy rice husk, project team acquire and process.Bacillus subtilis (gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram), lichens gemma
Bacillus (gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram) and lactic acid bacteria (living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram), are purchased from market.
2.2 test method
2.2.1 test process
Influence of the different disposal method to small numb paddy rice chaff rejection ability is evaluated by indoor bioassay, specifically:
Handle A: the small numb paddy rice husk of Yunnan traditional rice variety presses down careless ability bioassay；
Processing B: the small numb paddy rice husk of Yunnan traditional rice variety sieves with 100 mesh sieve after crushing, and presses down careless ability measurement；
Handle C: the small numb paddy rice husk of Yunnan traditional rice variety crushes post-fermentation for 24 hours, presses down careless ability measurement.Specifically:
It is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after the rice chaff of the small numb paddy of Yunnan traditional rice variety is crushed, 200mL sterile water is added in extracting screen underflow 1Kg, then
Gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus subtilis 2g, gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus licheniformis 1g is added and has
Imitate viable count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacteria 1g, ferment in the insulating box of 25 DEG C of conditions 48h after mixing evenly, after in 50 DEG C of items
It evaporated under reduced pressure and is crushed under part, measures its and press down careless ability；
Processing D: the small numb paddy rice husk of local rice is crushed into post-fermentation 48h and measures the careless ability of its suppression.Rice chaff processing mode with
It is identical to handle C.
Processing E: the small numb paddy rice husk of local rice is crushed into post-fermentation 72h and measures the careless ability of its suppression.Rice chaff processing mode with
It is identical to handle C.
2.2.2 different disposal presses down careless ability bioassay
The influence that different disposal method grows barnyard grass is measured by pot-culture method under greenhouse experiment.Specifically: in area
For 0.02m2Plastic tub 10cm × 20cm × 7.5cm (length × width × height) be packed into 1Kg and dry the rice soil broken into pieces, after make it is each
Plastic tub soil complete wetting.In 28 DEG C of vernalization 12h to showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally after barnyard grass seed-soaking 12h, it is equal to select the consistent seed of germination
Even to be sown into plastic casing, 50, every box simultaneously covers about 2mm soil layer.Water is slowly added water into each basin along plastics tub wall after 1 day
Layer depth is 1cm, after spread fertilizer over the fields 0.15g, 0.30g, 0.45g, 0.60 and 0.75g to every basin respectively and respectively handle and (apply in equivalent field
Amount is respectively as follows: 75Kg/hm2、150Kg/hm2、225Kg/hm2、300Kg/hm2And 375Kg/hm2), blank control is not applied, every processing
It is repeated 4 times.After the completion of processing, plastic tub is placed in 25 ± 8 DEG C of heliogreenhouse and is cultivated.During test, add water 1 time daily,
Keep constant water layer.10d after processing, counts the quantity of every basin barnyard grass, and randomly selects 10 plants of barnyard grasses and extracted with root, and uses
Blotting paper blots the moisture sticked on plant, measures the plant height and root long of barnyard grass.
1.3 calculation methods:
Inhibiting rate (the %)=([mean value of the mean value (cm)-of control barnyard grass plant height and root long processing barnyard grass plant height and root long
(cm)] mean value (cm) of barnyard grass plant height and root long × 100/ is compareed
All data are for statistical analysis using DPS v9.01 editions software.And use one-way analysis of variance (One-Way
ANOVA it) tests to the Weed-suppressive effect of the material to be tested of different disposal, carries out multiple ratio with Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method
Compared with, analyze different disposal between difference.
The rice chaff of the different working processes of table 2 evaluates barnyard grass rejection ability
Note: same column data alphabet is identical to indicate not significant in 5% level difference, on the contrary then significant.
Result of study shows that Different treatments have the suppression grass ability of small numb paddy rice chaff and significantly affects.Identical use
Under dosage conditions, each processing shows themselves in that processing E > processing D > processing C > processing B > processing A to the rejection ability of barnyard grass.Its
Handle A it is most weak to the rejection ability of barnyard grass, processing E it is most strong to the rejection ability of barnyard grass, but with processing D no significant difference (table 2).
The studies above is also shown, it significantly increases the rejection ability of barnyard grass after 48~72h of small fiber crops paddy rice chaff processing and fermentation, but does not exist together
The synergistic effect of herbicide butachlor is still not clear in reason.
3 rice chaff of embodiment studies butachlor synergistic effect optimum proportioning
Butachlor has preferable preventive effect to the monocotyledon weed of rice seedling bed, live streaming field, transplant field, and modern agriculture is extensive
Paddy field weed is prevented and treated using it.However, butachlor currently used in the market is missible oil, carrier is dimethylbenzene and a variety of
Other organic solvents.Long-term a large amount of shadows using environmental pollution, food safety etc. of herbicide and various organic solvents
Sound causes people and worries extensively.Embodiment 2 studies have shown that the rice chaff of the small numb paddy of rice crush after using bacillus subtilis,
Low temperature is depressurized after 48~72h of bacillus licheniformis and lactic acid bacteria mixed fermentation to be evaporated, and the suppression grass ability of barnyard grass is significantly improved.
The carrier using the tunning of the small numb paddy rice chaff of rice as butachlor is imagined in this research, explores it and makees to the synergy of butachlor
With.
3.1 test materials: small fiber crops paddy rice husk, bacillus subtilis (gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram), bacillus licheniformis
(gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram) and lactic acid bacteria (living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram) are same as Example 2, herbicide fourth grass
Amine is purchased from agricultural materials market.
3.2 test methods: each processing of test (processing A, processing B, handle C, processing D and handle E) and embodiment 2
2.2.1 identical, a certain amount of butachlor and each test process are taken respectively after mixing by table 4, are configured to test required concentration
Medicinal powder it is spare.
3.3 different disposals press down careless ability bioassay
The influence that different working processes grow barnyard grass is measured using pot-culture method under greenhouse experiment.Specific method is the same as implementation
The 2.2.2 of example 2, every processing are repeated 4 times.It is placed in 25 ± 8 DEG C of heliogreenhouse and cultivates after application.During test, add water 1 daily
It is secondary, remain unchanged water depth.10d after processing, counts the quantity of every basin barnyard grass, and randomly selects 10 plants of barnyard grasses and connected root
It extracts, the moisture sticked on plant is blotted with blotting paper, measures the plant height and root long of barnyard grass.
2.4 calculation methods:
Practical inhibiting rate E (%)=([mean value (cm)-of control barnyard grass plant height and root long processing barnyard grass plant height and root long
Mean value (cm)] × 100/ control barnyard grass plant height and root long mean value (cm)
Theoretical inhibiting rate E0(%)=X+ [Y (100-X)/100]
In formula: X is the practical inhibiting rate (%) of herbicide；Y is the practical inhibiting rate (%) of rice chaff.
By practical inhibiting rate (E) and theoretical inhibiting rate (E0) be compared, if E and E0Make within difference ± 5% to be added
With；E is greater than E05% is synergistic effect, and E is less than E05% is antagonism.All data use DPS v9.01 editions software
It is for statistical analysis, significance of difference inspection is carried out to each processing using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN combination Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method
It tests.
The reciprocal effects analysis mixed with butachlor of 3 rice chaff difference processing and treating method of table
Note: lowercase alphabet shows the E and E for each processing of going together in table0Value compares in 5% level difference conspicuousness, alphabetical phase
It is not significant with expression difference, it is different then significant.
Result of study shows the influence of rice chaff difference processing method and quality proportioning to herbicide, and there are notable differences.Its
The E and E that middle processing A and processing B are respectively handled0Difference is not significant, also has no synergy and antagonism.C is handled in rice chaff dosage
It is 25Kg/ mus, butachlor dosage is 20g/ mus；It is 20~25Kg/ mu that E, which is handled, in rice chaff dosage, butachlor dosage for 10~
At 20g/ mus, though E and E0Significant difference, but difference, in 5%, non-phenotype notable synergistic acts on.And D is handled in rice chaff dosage
It is 10~25Kg/ mus, when butachlor dosage is 40~60g/ mus, E and E0Not only significant difference, and synergy is obvious, shows as increasing
Effect acts on (table 3).The above results show that it is 10~25Kg/ mus in dosage after small fiber crops paddy rice chaff crushing fermentation 48h, to dosage
It is significant that barnyard grass synergy is prevented and treated for 40~60g/ mus of butachlors.
Embodiment 4 is using rice chaff machining object as the Herbicidal combinations different embodiments raw material proportioning of carrier
Table 4 is a kind of 6 embodiment raw materials of herbicide composition for preventing and treating paddy field weed of the present invention
Proportion formula, the preparation of the herbicide composition of the manufactured each prevention and treatment paddy field weed of 6 embodiment raw material proportioning formulas
Method is prepared as follows:
(1) by 4 embodiment raw material proportioning prescription quality percentage of table proportion formula material stock
(2) the rice chaff machining object described in is to sieve with 100 mesh sieve after crushing the rice chaff of the small numb paddy of Yunnan traditional rice variety, is taken
Screenings 10Kg is put into reactor tank a, rear that 2L sterile water is added, and gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus subtilis is then added
Bacterium (Bacillus subtilis) 20g, gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus
Lincheniformis) 10g and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacterias (Lactobacillus delbrueckii)
10g, ferment in the insulating box of 25 DEG C of conditions 48h after mixing evenly, after crushed after evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of 50 DEG C, gains
As rice chaff machining object；
(3) butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80 are separately added into reactor tank b, under normal temperature conditions with 10~
20 revs/min are stirred 5~10 minutes, are made it completely dissolved, and are pharmaceutical liquid；
(4) the rice chaff machining object that step 2 obtains is mixed with the pharmaceutical liquid that step 3 obtains, adds alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid
Salt, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerine.Specifically: the reactor tank a of rice chaff machining object will be housed under normal temperature conditions
By 60~80 revs/min rotate, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate in reactor tank b, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid first
Aldehyde condensate and glycerine are added in reactor tank a by being mounted on the spraying device on the top reactor tank a, resulting after mixing
Product is the herbicide composition invented.
46 embodiment material quality percentage proportion formulas of table
The Herbicidal combinations field efficacy and safety evaluatio of 56 kinds of embodiments of embodiment
Manufactured Herbicidal combinations are matched to 6 embodiments that table 5 is enumerated, it is evaluated under field condition to transplanting water
The control efficiency and safety of rice field annual grassy weeds.
5.1 test material
Reagent agent is respectively embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, the embodiment 5 of table 4
With embodiment 6,90% butachlor EC of herbicide is Shandong Binnong Technology Co., Ltd.'s production, and each dosage that handles is shown in Table 5.
5 reagent agent experimental design of table
5.2 test method
Reagent agent and its field rate are shown in Table 5.On the day of rice transplanting, gramineae weed emerged to 2 leaf phases, using spreading
It excutes a law used for ponds.By reagent agent mix sandy soil uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 1~3 centimetre of water layer covering rice in the ranks.After application gradually
Increase water layer to 2~5 centimetres, and cover 7 days or more, it only fills and is not arranged in 10 days after medicine, water layer is avoided to flood rice seedling lobus cardiacus.Test
Plot area 15m2, divide using field by the way of the ridge, with plastic foil packet ridge, to prevent minizone string water.Two sides are each
The irrigation and drainage ditch of 20cm is stayed, it is single to fill single.Every processing is repeated 4 times.45d is sampled using diagonal line after medicine, every cell random searching 4
A sampling point (0.25m2/ point), strain number, tiller and the fresh weight of weeds are investigated respectively.Point and 10 days, 30 days and 45 days after medicine,
Its safety to rice is investigated according to 5 grades of partitionings.
5 grades of grade scales of phytotoxicity:
0 grade: plant growth is normal, without any damage symptoms；It is denoted as "-"
1 grade: 1/4 or less area of total blade is withered；Plant can be restored by slight phytotoxicity, be denoted as "+"
2 grades: 1/4~1/2 area of total blade is withered, and plant can be restored later by medium phytotoxicity, not influence yield；It is denoted as
“++”
3 grades: 1/2~3/4 area of total blade is withered, and hazard of plant is heavier, it is difficult to restore, cause the underproduction；It is denoted as " +++ "
4 grades: total 3/4 or more area of blade or whole strain are withered, and phyto toxicity is serious, it is difficult to restore or plant is dead；It is denoted as
“++++”
5.3 calculation methods:
The calculation method of drug effect is as follows: Weed-control effect (%)=(CK-PT)/CK × 100
PT is processing in formula, and CK is control.
All data are for statistical analysis using DPS v9.01 editions software, utilize RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN combination Duncan ' s
Duncan's new multiple range method carries out significance test of difference to each processing.
Table 6 tests 45 days after each processing medicine strain preventive effects and fresh weight preventive effect analysis (%)
Note: blank control is weeds strain number or fresh weight, and capitalization indicates strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect in 1% level in table
Significant relatively the identical expression of letter is not significant, on the contrary significant.
Table 7 tests 10 days, 30 days and the safety to rice in 45 days after each processing medicine
Result of study show for try Herbicidal combinations 6 kinds of embodiment fields it is equal to the weeds in paddy field in transplanting rice field
There is stronger control efficiency, and Weed control effect difference or not to each other.Wherein (the butachlor dosage 118.03g of embodiment 1
Ai/ mus) Weed control effect it is best, but strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect and 90% butachlor EC of chemical herbicide (135g/ mus of dosage)
Contrast difference is not significant, but the dosage of herbicide butachlor reduces ai/ mus of 16.97g；And (the butachlor dosage of embodiment 6
Ai/ mus of 39.79g) though herbicidal effect be weaker than other processing modes, it is big to the strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect of weeds in field
In 60%, still there is preferable Weed control effect, and the dosage relative to herbicide butachlor reduces 95.21g/ mus (tables 6).Separately
Outside, research is also shown, and for 6 kinds of Herbicidal combinations formulas of examination to rice safety, has no it to water within 10 days, 30 days and 45 days after application
Rice generates phytotoxicity, and 90% butachlor EC of herbicide is 2250g/hm in field rate2When, after medicine 10 days its to for trying rice table
Now turn to be yellow for lobus cardiacus, the 2 grades of phytotoxicity of phytotoxicity grade, after gradually improve, restore normal within 45 days after medicine, show the Herbicidal combinations of invention
Herbicide butachlor (table 7) is better than to Security of rice.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of herbicide composition for preventing and treating paddy field weed, which is characterized in that the herbicide composition is added with rice chaff
Work object is carrier, and is made of each raw material that following mass percent matches:
Rice chaff machining object: 98.357~99.485%, butachlor: 0.199~0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate: 0.149~
0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products: 0.149~0.492%, acetone: 0.003~0.010%, dimethylbenzene: 0.010
~0.039%, glycerine: 0.002~0.010%, twen-80: 0.003~0.010%；The rice chaff machining object is Yunnan
Processing product of the small numb paddy rice chaff of local rice variety after crushing, fermentation and evaporated under reduced pressure.
2. a kind of preparation method of herbicide composition for preventing and treating paddy field weed as described in claim 1, including it is following
Step:
3.1 each raw materials according to claim 1 and its mass percent proportion stock；
3.2 prepare carrier: sieving with 100 mesh sieve after the rice chaff of small numb paddy is crushed, extracting screen underflow 10kg is put into reactor tank a, rear to add
Enter 2L sterile water, gemma number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) 20g, bud is then added
Spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus lincheniformis) 10g and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000
A/gram lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus delbrueckii) 10g, ferments in the insulating box of 25 DEG C of conditions after mixing evenly
48h, after crushed after evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of 50 DEG C, gained crushed material is rice chaff machining object；
3.3 prepare pharmaceutical liquid: butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80 are separately added into reactor tank b, in normal temperature condition
Under with 10~20 revs/min stir 5~10 minutes, make it completely dissolved, for the pharmaceutical liquid containing butachlor；
3.4 prepare herbicide composition: the pharmaceutical liquid that rice chaff machining object and step 3.3 that step 3.2 obtains obtain is mixed
It closes, adds alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerine, specifically: it will be equipped under normal temperature conditions
The reactor tank a of rice chaff machining object by 60~80 revs/min rotation, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid and alkylnaphthalene in reactor tank b
Reactor tank a is added by being mounted on the spraying device on the top reactor tank a in sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerine
In, resulting product is a kind of herbicide composition of prevention and treatment paddy field weed after mixing.
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| CN1543803A (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-10 | 盘锦市环保技术开发科研中心 | Technology of inhibiting weed growth in paddyfield using small rice chaff |
| CN102007860A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-04-13 | 望城隆平乌山贡米种植专业合作社 | Production technology of organic rice |
| CN104542723A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏瑞东农药有限公司 | Wettable powder compounded from penoxsulam and biological herbicide and preparation method of wettable powder |
| CN105475361A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-13 | 砀山县绿源生态肥料有限公司 | Preparation method of plant source herbicide |
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| CN1543803A (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-10 | 盘锦市环保技术开发科研中心 | Technology of inhibiting weed growth in paddyfield using small rice chaff |
| CN102007860A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-04-13 | 望城隆平乌山贡米种植专业合作社 | Production technology of organic rice |
| CN104542723A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏瑞东农药有限公司 | Wettable powder compounded from penoxsulam and biological herbicide and preparation method of wettable powder |
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