CN106070388A - A kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106070388A CN106070388A CN201610532201.5A CN201610532201A CN106070388A CN 106070388 A CN106070388 A CN 106070388A CN 201610532201 A CN201610532201 A CN 201610532201A CN 106070388 A CN106070388 A CN 106070388A
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- rice
- butachlor
- rice chaff
- paddy field
- retort
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof.This Herbicidal combinations with Oryza sativa L. little fiber crops paddy rice chaff machining object as carrier, and containing butachlor, organic solvent and Multiple Pesticides auxiliary agent, each raw material and mass percent proportioning thereof be: rice chaff machining object 98.357～99.485%, butachlor 0.199～0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate 0.149～0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products 0.149～0.492%, acetone 0.003～0.010%, dimethylbenzene 0.010～0.039%, glycerol 0.002～0.010%, POLYSORBATE 80: 0.003～0.010%.This Herbicidal combinations has the feature of safe efficient preventing and treating paddy field weed, has been significantly reduced the field usage amount of the Harmful chemicals such as butachlor, dimethylbenzene simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide of a kind of herbicide preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof.Specifically
For: after the rice husk of little for Yunnan traditional rice variety fiber crops paddy is processed by programs such as pulverizing, fermentation, decompression dryings, in this, as
Carrier is mixed in certain mass ratio with butachlor and wetting agent, dispersant etc., it is thus achieved that one can be used for prevent and treat rice terrace
The herbicide composition of weeds.
Background technology
Pesticide is the important means of production that preventing and treating agricultural pest is indispensable, and modern agricultural production is mainly by chemistry
The occurrence injury of pesticide disease and pest control.Recent statistics shows, the various chemical pesticides that China uses every year about 320,000 tons, retrieves
The grain yield of about 1/3.But chemical pesticide uses serious environment pollution the most in a large number, and threaten ecological safety and food peace
Entirely, people's extensive concern is caused[1].The resistance that is primarily due to use chemical pesticide to cause in a large number, residual and rampant problem day again
Benefit is prominent and is increasingly concerned.Secondly, a large amount of uses of chemical pesticide, cause the pesticide severe contamination to environment.And
Humans and animals is harmful to by most chemical pesticides, can cause acute poisoning and death after contacting in a large number and eating by mistake.According to the United Nations's ring
Border Planning Department adds up, and the peasant of developing country, owing to lacking scientific knowledge and safety measure, has in 2,000,000 people's pesticide every year
Poison, the most about 40,000 people are dead, and chronic poisoning person, cannot add up more than its quantity[2].Reduce the use of chemical pesticide,
Protection environment and bio-diversity become the cry that the mankind are common.
Oryza sativa L. is one of the most most important cereal crops, and the whole world there are about the population of 55.9% with rice as staple food[3]。
China is Oryza glutinosa manufacturing country maximum in the world, cultivated area about 34,000,000 hm that Oryza glutinosa is long-term2.Weeds in paddy field especially barnyard grass
Grass, has a strong impact on a great problem in the yield and quality of Oryza sativa L., always Rice Production.Research shows, weeds in paddy field passes through
With Oryza sativa L. competitive resource (such as nutrient, sunlight and water) and space, change the microecological environment of rice terrace and increase Scale in Paddy Field Rice Diseases
The generation etc. of evil, has often resulted in Rice Yield Loss Caused and has reached more than 40%.As Olofsdotter research shows, when barnyard grass in paddy field
Generation density is 1 strain/m2Time, may result in Oryza sativa L. by the underproduction 11.6%[4]；And the researchs such as summer Chinese inflammation also indicate that, direct sowing rice field is not
In the case of preventing and kill off, production loss is up to 70%～80%, mainly shows as effective fringe and reduces, and number of grain per ear reduces, empty rate
Increasing, mass of 1000 kernel declines[5].Therefore, effectively control the occurrence injury of weeds in paddy field, be to ensure that Stabilizing Grain Output, volume increase solve the world
The important leverage of grain security.
Modern agricultural production mainly controls the occurrence injury of weeds in paddy field by chemical pesticide.Use in a large number in producing at present
The chemical herbicide controlling weeds in paddy field mainly has butachlor, pretilachlor and bensulfuron-methyl etc. to be soil treatment weeding before main bud
Agent and based on after the Seedling of dichloro quinolinic acid bensulfuron-methyl class built agent, cyhalofop-butyl and bispyribac-sodium etc. stem and leaf process weeding
Agent[6].Soil processing herbicide before wherein butachlor is amide-type selectivity inner sucting conduction type bud, mainly by the plumelet of weeds
Absorbing, it is possible to by root absorption, the protein synthesis of suppression sensitive plant makes weeds shoot enlargement, deformity, color depth green, finally leads
Cause withered.Butachlor has preferable preventive effect, for a long time by greatly to rice seedling bed, live field, the monocotyledon weed of transplant field
Amount uses.The usage amount of China's herbicide for paddy field butachlor in 1999 is more than 5000 tons[7].But, butachlor gives soil the most in a large number
Earth microorganism, aquatile and food safety etc. bring many negative effects and attract wide attention.Research shows fourth grass
Amine not only has stimulation to eyes and skin, also has certain mutagenicity to animal.Research is passed through such as Wang etc.
Finding, butachlor can make the sister chromosome of mouse tracheal epithelial tissue cell exchange[8]。
Allelopathic Effect in Plants is that plant closes on biology (such as field microorganism and weeds by release secondary metabolites impact
Deng) the chemical ecology phenomenon of growth promoter[9].Owing to not introducing the chemical substance of difficult degradation in ecosystem, therefore plant
Thing allelopathy will not bring the environmental problems such as such as pollution by pesticides, becomes the new way of environmentally friendly control crop smothering application.
Utilize Allelopathic Effect in Plants to control weeds in paddy field, will reduce or replace the existing agricultural production dependence to chemical herbicide, protection
Environment and bio-diversity, be one of 21 century agricultural sustainable development key technology[10]。
Oryza sativa L. rice husk is the by-product of Rice producing, and part is containing allelochemical rice husk ketone.With rice husk as raw material, carry out phase
Pass presses down grass research and attracts attention, and has caused the essence change of rice cultivating technique, cropping system.Rice chaff also field
Both safety and environmental protection, plays fertile medicine dual function, and Social benefit and economic benefit, apparently higher than artificial weeding, is that organic rice produces
The preferable weeding in field practical technique.Rice field applies a rice chaff weeding technique as production organic rice, has preferable city
Field prospect.At the beginning of 20 21 centurys in the end of the century, Japan take the lead in using rice chaff as a paddy field weeding New technical use in rice cropping,
Many research shows, when rice chaff amount of application reaches 2000Kg/hm2Time, can effectively control the multiple weeds of rice terrace, and have preferably
Effect[11-12].The herbicide effect of rice chaff has also been carried out correlational study by Chinese scholar.As the researchs such as Zhang Lei show, work as rice chaff
Usage amount is 300g/m2Time, early stage can effectively control all kinds of weeds in paddy field, but the lasting period is not as good as chemical herbicide[13]。
Correlational study all shows both at home and abroad, and rice chaff can be used to control weeds in paddy field on the premise of a certain amount of.But, at present
The problems such as it is excessive that this technology still suffers from field rate, and preventive effect is unstable, have a strong impact on its popularization and application.For solving above-mentioned asking
Inscribing, and chemical herbicide uses the most in a large number and controls the inconvenience that farmland weed brings, the present invention is obtained by screening
Have and necessarily press down grass effect little fiber crops paddy rice husk, by being pulverized, fermenting, after the program such as decompression drying processes, in this, as load
Body is mixed in certain mass ratio with butachlor and wetting agent, dispersant etc., it is thus achieved that one can be used for prevent and treat rice terrace miscellaneous
The herbicide composition of grass.
List of references:
[1]Cheng H H.Pesticides in the soil enviroment:Processes,impacts,and
modeling.Published bysoil science society of America,Inc.Madison,Wiseonsin,
USA,1990,7-50.
[2] Zhang Fushan. plant protection is in the research of Grain Production in China security implication. Fujian Agricultural Univeristy. (doctor discusses
Literary composition), 2007.
[3] Jiang Liang, Guo Longbiao, Qian Qian. the Molecular Evaluation of Rice Germplasm Resources and utilization. China rice .2000, (3): 8-
11.
[4]Olofsdotter M.,Rebulanan M.,Madrid A.,Wang D L.,Navarez D.,Olk D
C.Why phenolic acid are unlikely primary allelochemicals in rice？J Chem
Ecol.,2002,28(1):229-242
[5] Xia Hanyan, Zhang Xilin. direct sowing of rice rice field main weeds occurrence characteristic and comprehensive control thereof. Anhui agronomy leads to
Report, 2006,12 (7): 149-153.
[6] Tu Yuqin. the development [J] of China's pesticide science. plant protection, 2007,33 (5): 22-26.
[7] China's pesticide Information Network .http: //www.chinapesticide.gov.cn
[8]Wang T C,Lee T C,Lin M E.Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges
by Pesticides in primary rat tracheal epithelial cells and Chinese hamster
ovary cells.Genetic Toxicology,1987,188(4):311-321.
[9]Dilday R H,Yan W G,Moldenhauer K A K,Gravois K A.Allelopathy
activity in rice for controlling major aquatic weeds.In:Olofsdotter
M.Allelopathy in Rice.Manila,Philippines:IRRI,1998:7–26
[10] Kong Chuihua, Xu Tao, Hu Fei etc. the allelopathy of plant and abduction mechanism thereof under environment-stress. Acta Ecologica Sinica,
2000,20(5):849-854
[11] Song Qingnai, Pu Shuying, Yu Peifeng. rice chaff rice make, a quantum leap Japan paddy field weed-killer of agricultural production and
The new trend (one) of fertilization of rice. China's rice, 2002, (1): 40-41.
[12] Song Qingnai, Pu Shuying, Yu Peifeng. rice chaff rice make, a quantum leap Japan paddy field weed-killer of agricultural production and
The new trend (two) [J] of fertilization of rice. China's rice, 2002, (2): 40-42.
[13] Zhang Lei, Wang Yufeng, old snow is beautiful, etc. the research of green substitute technology rice chaff weeding technique. Exploitation of Agriculture in Heilongjiang
Science, 2010, (12): 72-74.
Summary of the invention
Brought pollution environment and danger is used the most in a large number by solving chemical herbicide butachlor and auxiliary agent dimethylbenzene thereof
Evil human health, and existing utilize rice chaff control weeds in paddy field exist field rate excessive, cost of transportation is too high, preventive effect not
The problems such as stable.
The present invention utilizes the suppression weeds characteristic of rice chaff, by Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice stronger for activity of weeding
Shell is mixed in certain mass ratio with herbicide butachlor, insecticides adjuvant etc. after being processed by programs such as pulverizing, fermentation, decompression dryings
Close, it is thus achieved that a kind of can be used for prevent and treat rice terrace annual grassy weeds herbicide composition.This Herbicidal combinations is relative to mesh
Front a large amount of herbicide butachlor cream used, it is the safest to the prevention effect of the annual grassy weeds of rice terrace, high
Effect, but also significantly reduce pesticide (butachlor) and the field amount of application of various insecticides adjuvant (dimethylbenzene etc.).
Technical scheme is as follows:
Screening obtains the little fiber crops paddy rice husk with stronger weed-suppresive activity, by programs such as its pulverizing, fermentation, decompression dryings
Press certain mass proportioning after processing to mix with herbicide butachlor, it is thus achieved that one can be used for preventing and treating the multiple annual grassy weeds of rice terrace
Herbicidal combinations.Said composition not only increases drug effect and the safety of herbicide butachlor, and significantly reduces pesticide (fourth
Grass amine) and the field amount of application of various insecticides adjuvant (dimethylbenzene etc.).Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
1. the herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed, it is characterised in that this herbicide composition is with rice
Bran machining object is carrier, is made up of each raw material of following mass percent:
Rice chaff machining object: 98.357～99.485%, butachlor: 0.199～0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate: 0.149
～0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products: 0.149～0.492%, acetone: 0.003～0.010%, dimethylbenzene:
0.010～0.039%, glycerol: 0.002～0.010%, POLYSORBATE 80: 0.003～0.010%.
2. the Herbicidal combinations carrier described in technical scheme 1 is that Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice chaff is size-reduced, sends out
Processing product after ferment and evaporated under reduced pressure.
3. the preparation method of a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed described in technical scheme 1, its feature
It is, comprises the following steps:
3.1 each raw materials as described in technical scheme 1 and mass percent proportioning thereof are got the raw materials ready；
3.2 according to a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed described in technical scheme 1, it is characterised in that
Described rice chaff machining object is little fiber crops paddy rice chaff machining object, following method prepare: the rice chaff of little fiber crops paddy crosses 100 mesh after pulverizing
Sieve, extracting screen underflow 10Kg puts in retort a, rear addition 2L sterilized water, is subsequently adding the hay of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram
Bacillus cereus (Bacillus subtilis) 20g, the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram
Lincheniformis) 10g and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacterias (Lactobacillus delbrueckii)
10g, after stirring in the calorstat of 25 DEG C of conditions ferment 48h, after under the conditions of 50 DEG C after evaporated under reduced pressure pulverize, gained powder
Mince and be rice chaff machining object.
3.3 are separately added into butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80 in retort b, under normal temperature condition with 10～
20 revs/min are stirred 5～10 minutes so that it is be completely dissolved, for pharmaceutical liquid；
The pharmaceutical liquid that the rice chaff machining object that step 3.2 is obtained by 3.4 obtains with step 3.3 mixes, and adds alkylnaphthalene
Sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerol, particularly as follows: will be equipped with the reaction of rice chaff machining object under normal temperature condition
Tank a presses 60～80 revs/min of rotations, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid in retort b, and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulphur
Acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerol add in retort a by being arranged on the sprayer unit on retort a top, institute after mix homogeneously
The product obtained is described a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed.
The outstanding advantages of Herbicidal combinations of the present invention:
1. decrease the field usage amount of chemical herbicide butachlor.Field test shows, chemical herbicide butachlor exists
Consumption is 2025.0g ai/hm2Time, the prevention effect of paddy field weed is reached more than 95%, the Herbicidal combinations of the present invention
At 300Kg/hm2Time (its butachlor content is 1103.1～1770.45g ai/hm2), the Comprehensive Control effect to weeds in paddy field
Notable with the weeds in field prevention effect difference of herbicide butachlor, decrease 12.57～45.52% butachlor field rate
(detailed in Example 5).
2. decrease the field usage amount of rice chaff, improve the stability of its rice field Weed control effect.Research shows, utilizes rice
Bran effectively controls the field amount of application of weeds in paddy field and is usually 2000Kg/hm2, and preventive effect is unstable.And Herbicidal combination of the present invention
It is 150～300Kg/hm that thing effectively controls the rice chaff field rate of weeds in paddy field2, the field not only significantly reducing rice chaff is used
Amount, also improves the stability (referring to background technology and embodiment 5) of its control grass.
3. decrease the field usage amount of organic solvent.The butachlor class herbicide that market is sold at present is mainly various containing
The butachlor ec of amount, its main component, in addition to containing herbicide butachlor, has possibly together with a certain proportion of dimethylbenzene, acetone etc.
Machine solvent.60% butachlor ec as conventional in market, the recommendation consumption of its prevention and control paddy field weed is 150g/ mu, contained by it
Various organic solvents, the auxiliary agent such as usage amount such as acetone and dimethylbenzene be 60g/ mu.And Herbicidal combinations acetone of the present invention and two
The organic solvent usage amounts such as toluene are only 2.6～9.8g/ mus.Significantly reduce the unit are usage amount of organic solvent, reduce
Environmental pollution (refers to Herbicidal combinations quality proportioning).
4. pair Oryza sativa L. is safer.It is 3cm that butachlor ec control weeds in paddy field need to control water depth, and water layer is the most shallow,
It is unfavorable for that the performance of butachlor drug effect, the deepest (being 5cm at water depth) are the most easily flooded and caused poisoning.And the Herbicidal combination of the present invention
Thing not only reduces chemical pesticide (butachlor) and the field amount of application of various auxiliary agent (dimethylbenzene etc.), safer to Oryza sativa L.,
Field test shows, even if water depth is 5cm after dispenser, to rice safety (detailed in Example 5).
Below by concrete Comparative Example and detailed description of the invention, the Herbicidal combinations of the present invention is elaborated,
Described embodiment and comparative example are explanation of the invention rather than restriction.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by concrete comparative example, embodiment and specific embodiment, the Herbicidal combinations of the present invention is done in detail
Explanation.Each embodiment is also commercially available without the conventional method that is of specified otherwise, material therefor.
The rice chaff of the different rice varieties of embodiment 1 presses down grass merit rating
1.1 material to be tested
Japonica rice, long-grained nonglutinous rice, hybrid rice and the big class of Yunnan Rice Landraces 4 totally 30 kinds, each material is contained for examination Oryza sativa L. rice chaff material
Material is (cloud stalk 26, beautiful stalk 11, excellent No. 19 of cloud round-grained rice, excellent No. 10 of cloud round-grained rice, excellent No. 15 of cloud round-grained rice, cloud light 101, Chu's stalk particularly as follows: japonica rice variety
28, cloud stalk 19, Chu's stalk 31, cloud light 109, cloud stalk 39, phoenix rice 23)；(cloud light 17, cloud two be excellent 144, Yun You 948, cloud for rice variety
Surpass No. 7, Yiyou 673)；Hybrid rice variety (Yunnan is miscellaneous 33, Yunnan is miscellaneous 31, two excellent 1586, Yunnan is miscellaneous 35, two excellent 2161, two excellent 2111,
Yunnan is miscellaneous 40, Yunnan is miscellaneous 37, Yunnan is miscellaneous 36, Yunnan is miscellaneous 41, Yunnan is miscellaneous 46, elm miscellaneous 33) and Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy.Above-mentioned Oryza sativa L.
Material is and produces upper the most common and planted for a long time, and all rice materials are all purchased from Kunming Seed Market.
1.2 test method
Use culture dish filter paper method that the allelopathic weed-suppresive activity for examination rice material rice chaff is evaluated.Each rice material rice
The grass ability bioassay that presses down of bran operates the most by the following method: the rice chaff of above-mentioned rice material pulverized respectively with high speed disintegrator
And cross 100 mesh sieves.Taking every kind of rice chaff 5g pulverized and sieved to be placed in triangular flask, rear addition 100mL sterilized water also stirs, and 25
DEG C calorstat soaks after 24h with ultrasonic extraction instrument vibrations extraction 20 minutes, standby after filtering by double-layer filter paper.At diameter
Padding qualitative filter paper in the culture dish of 9cm, rear every ware is sprinkled into 30, selected barnyard grass seed.The rice chaff filter respectively early stage collected
Liquid is every culture dish addition 10mL after shaking up, and blank adds 10mL sterilized water.In intensity of illumination 10 000lx, temperature after sealing
Constant temperature culture in the growth cabinet of (28 ± 0.5) DEG C, light application time 12h/d, takes out barnyard grass blotting with absorbent paper and plants after 7d
The moisture sticked in strain, measures plant height and the root length of barnyard grass.
1.3 computational methods:
Suppression ratio (%)=([average (cm) of comparison barnyard grass plant height and root length processes barnyard grass plant height and the average of root length
(cm)] × 100/ comparison barnyard grass plant height and the average (cm) of root length
All 9.01 editions softwares of data acquisition DPS v carry out statistical analysis.And use one factor analysis of variance (One-Way
ANOVA) material to be tested presses down grass effect test, and use Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method that suppression ratio is carried out multiple ratio
Relatively, the difference between different disposal is analyzed.
The impact that barnyard grass is grown by table 1 different materials rice chaff water extract
Note: in table, lowercase alphabet shows that same column suppression ratio data compare at the significance of 5% level, letter identical table differential
Different not notable, otherwise, significantly.
As shown in Table 1, result of study shows, the rice chaff for 30 kinds of rice materials of examination has the growth to barnyard grass of 20 kinds of Aqueous extracts
Showing as facilitation, only the rice chaff of 10 kinds of rice varieties shows as growth inhibited to barnyard grass.All to barnyard grass growth table
Being now in the rice chaff kind of inhibitory action, the local rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice chaff Aqueous extracts inhibitory action that grows barnyard grass is
By force, its 5% Aqueous extracts reaches 17.86% to the average inhibition of barnyard grass root length and bud length, is significantly stronger than other rice varieties.Cause
This, Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice chaff press down grass ability value must further investigate.
Little fiber crops paddy rice chaff is pressed down the impact of grass ability by embodiment 2 processing method
Embodiment 1 research shows, the inhibitory action that barnyard grass is grown by Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice chaff Aqueous extracts
Being noticeably greater than other kind, its 5% Aqueous extracts inhibitory action to barnyard grass in room conditions is 17.86%.Existing research table
Bright, rice husk ketone contained in Oryza sativa L. rice husk is that rice husk plays the principle active component pressing down grass effect.But, Oryza sativa L. rice husk is rich in fibre
The materials such as dimension element, lignin, silicon dioxide, it is difficult to degraded, its contained rice husk ketone, also therefore, it is difficult to release, affects pressing down of rice husk
Weeds effect processed.This research, by comparing rice chaff different processing methods, explores its impact that rice husk presses down grass ability.
2.1 material to be tested
Little fiber crops paddy rice husk, project team gathers and processes.Bacillus subtilis (spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram), lichens spore
Bacillus (spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram) and lactic acid bacteria (living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram), be all purchased from market.
2.2 test method
2.2.1 test processes
The impact on little fiber crops paddy rice chaff rejection ability of the different disposal method is evaluated by indoor bioassay, particularly as follows:
Process A: Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice husk and press down grass ability bioassay；
Processing after B: Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice husk is pulverized and cross 100 mesh sieves, it presses down grass ability and measures；
Processing C: Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice husk and pulverize after fermentation 24h, it presses down grass ability and measures.Particularly as follows:
Crossing 100 mesh sieves after the rice chaff of little for Yunnan traditional rice variety fiber crops paddy being pulverized, extracting screen underflow 1Kg adds 200mL sterilized water, then
Add the bacillus subtilis 2g of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram, the Bacillus licheniformis 1g of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram and have
Effect viable count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacteria 1g, after stirring in the calorstat of 25 DEG C of conditions ferment 48h, after at 50 DEG C of bars
Evaporated under reduced pressure pulverizing under part, measures it and presses down grass ability；
Process D: little for place Oryza sativa L. fiber crops paddy rice husk pulverizing after fermentation 48h is measured it and presses down grass ability.Rice chaff processing mode with
Process C identical.
Process E: little for place Oryza sativa L. fiber crops paddy rice husk pulverizing after fermentation 72h is measured it and presses down grass ability.Rice chaff processing mode with
Process C identical.
2.2.2 different disposal presses down grass ability bioassay
Measure, by pot-culture method, the impact that barnyard grass is grown by different disposal method under greenhouse experiment.Particularly as follows: at area
For 0.02m2Plastic tub 10cm × 20cm × 7.5cm (length × width × height) load 1Kg and dry the rice soil broken into pieces, after make each
Plastic tub soil complete wetting.In 28 DEG C of accelerating germination 12h to showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally after barnyard grass seed-soaking 12h, select the consistent seed that germinates equal
Even being sown in plastic casing, 50, every box also covers about 2mm soil layer.Within 1 day, tailing edge plastics tub wall slowly adds water to water in each basin
Layer depth is 1cm, after spread fertilizer over the fields 0.15g, 0.30g to every basin respectively, (equivalent field is used in 0.45g, 0.60 and 0.75g process
Amount is respectively as follows: 75Kg/hm2、150Kg/hm2、225Kg/hm2、300Kg/hm2And 375Kg/hm2), blank is not executed, and often processes
It is repeated 4 times.After process completes, plastic tub is placed in the heliogreenhouse of 25 ± 8 DEG C cultivation.During test, add water every day 1 time,
Water layer is made to keep constant.10d after process, adds up the quantity of every basin barnyard grass, and randomly selects 10 strain barnyard grasses and extracted with root, and uses
The moisture sticked on plant is blotted in absorbent paper, measures plant height and the root length of barnyard grass.
1.3 computational methods:
Suppression ratio (%)=([comparison barnyard grass plant height and average (the cm)-process barnyard grass plant height of root length and average of root length
(cm)] × 100/ comparison barnyard grass plant height and the average (cm) of root length
All data acquisition DPS v9.01 version softwares carry out statistical analysis.And use one factor analysis of variance (One-Way
ANOVA) Weed-suppressive effect of the material to be tested of different disposal is tested, carry out multiple ratio with Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method
Relatively, the difference between different disposal is analyzed.
Barnyard grass rejection ability is evaluated by the rice chaff of the different processed of table 2
Note: the identical expression of same column data alphabet is not notable at 5% level difference, otherwise the most notable.
Result of study shows, little fiber crops paddy rice chaff is pressed down grass ability by Different treatments to be had and significantly affect.Identical use
Under dosage conditions, each process shows themselves in that to the rejection ability of barnyard grass process E ＞ processes D ＞ process C ＞ and processes B ＞ process A.Its
Process A the most weak to the rejection ability of barnyard grass, process E the strongest to the rejection ability of barnyard grass, but with process D no significant difference (table 2).
The studies above displays that, after little fiber crops paddy rice chaff processing and fermentation 48～72h, the rejection ability of barnyard grass is obviously enhanced by it, but does not exists together
Manage the potentiation to herbicide butachlor to be still not clear.
Butachlor potentiation optimum proportioning is studied by embodiment 3 rice chaff
Butachlor has preferable preventive effect to rice seedling bed, live field, the monocotyledon weed of transplant field, and modern agriculture is extensive
It is used to prevent and treat paddy field weed.But, the butachlor used in the market is cream, and its carrier is dimethylbenzene and multiple
Other organic solvent.Herbicide and the long-term shadow using the aspect such as environmental pollution, food safety in a large number of various organic solvent
Sound causes people and extensively worries.Embodiment 2 research show, Oryza sativa L. little fiber crops paddy rice chaff pulverize after use bacillus subtilis,
The low temperature that reduces pressure after Bacillus licheniformis and lactic acid bacteria mixed fermentation 48～72h is evaporated, and barnyard grass is pressed down grass ability and significantly improves by it.
This research imagination, using the tunning of Oryza sativa L. little fiber crops paddy rice chaff as the carrier of butachlor, is explored it and is made the potentiation of butachlor
With.
3.1 test materials: little fiber crops paddy rice husk, bacillus subtilis (spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram), Bacillus licheniformis
(spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram) and lactic acid bacteria (living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram) are same as in Example 2, herbicide fourth grass
Amine is purchased from agricultural materials market.
3.2 test methods: test each process (process A, process B, process C, process D and process E) and embodiment 2
The most identical, take after a certain amount of butachlor and each test process and mix homogeneously respectively by table 4, be configured to test desired concn
Medicated powder standby.
3.3 different disposal press down grass ability bioassay
Pot-culture method is used to measure the impact that barnyard grass is grown by different processed under greenhouse experiment.Concrete grammar is with implementing
The 2.2.2 of example 2, often processes and is repeated 4 times.Cultivation it is placed in the heliogreenhouse of 25 ± 8 DEG C after dispenser.During test, add water 1 every day
Secondary, make water depth keep constant.10d after process, adds up the quantity of every basin barnyard grass, and randomly selects 10 strain barnyard grasses and connected root
Extract, blot the moisture sticked on plant with absorbent paper, measure plant height and the root length of barnyard grass.
2.4 computational methods:
Actual suppression ratio E (%)=([comparison barnyard grass plant height and average (the cm)-process barnyard grass plant height of root length and root length
Average (cm)] × 100/ comparison barnyard grass plant height and the average (cm) of root length
Theoretical suppression ratio E0(%)=X+ [Y (100-X)/100]
In formula: X is the actual suppression ratio (%) of herbicide；Y is the actual suppression ratio (%) of rice chaff.
By actual suppression ratio (E) and theoretical suppression ratio (E0) compare, if E and E0Make for being added within difference ± 5%
With；E is more than E05% is potentiation, and E is less than E05% is antagonism.All data acquisition DPS v9.01 version softwares
Carry out statistical analysis, utilize randomized block design to combine Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method and each process is carried out significance of difference inspection
Test.
The reciprocal effects analysis that table 3 rice chaff difference processing and treating method is mixed with butachlor
Note: in table, lowercase alphabet shows E and E of each process of going together0Value compares at 5% level difference significance, letter phase
With representing that difference is not notable, difference is the most notable.
Result of study shows, rice chaff difference processing mode and quality proportioning exist notable difference to the impact of herbicide.Its
E and E that middle process A and process B respectively processes0Difference is not the most notable, has no potentiation and antagonism yet.Process C at rice chaff consumption
For 25Kg/ mu, butachlor consumption is 20g/ mu；Process E be 20～25Kg/ mus at rice chaff consumption, butachlor consumption be 10～
During 20g/ mu, though E and E0Significant difference, but difference is all in 5%, non-phenotype notable synergistic effect.And process D at rice chaff consumption
It is 10～25Kg/ mus, when butachlor consumption is 40～60g/ mu, E and E0Not only significant difference, and potentiation is obvious, shows as increasing
Effect effect (table 3).The above results shows, after little fiber crops paddy rice chaff pulverizing fermentation 48h, it is 10～25Kg/ mus at consumption, to consumption
It is notable to be that the butachlor of 40～60g/ mus prevents and treats barnyard grass potentiation.
The embodiment 4 Herbicidal combinations difference embodiment proportioning raw materials with rice chaff machining object as carrier
Table 4 is 6 embodiment raw materials of a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed of the present invention
Proportioning formula, the preparation of the herbicide composition of each preventing and treating paddy field weed that 6 embodiment proportioning raw materials formula are made
Method is all prepared as follows:
(1) get the raw materials ready by table 4 embodiment proportioning raw materials prescription quality percentage ratio proportioning formula material
(2) the rice chaff machining object described in is to cross 100 mesh sieves after the rice chaff pulverizing of little for Yunnan traditional rice variety fiber crops paddy, takes
Siftage 10Kg puts in retort a, rear addition 2L sterilized water, is subsequently adding the bacillus subtilis of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram
Bacterium (Bacillus subtilis) 20g, the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram
Lincheniformis) 10g and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000/gram lactic acid bacterias (Lactobacillus delbrueckii)
10g, after stirring in the calorstat of 25 DEG C of conditions ferment 48h, after under the conditions of 50 DEG C after evaporated under reduced pressure pulverize, gains
It is rice chaff machining object；
(3) in retort b, be separately added into butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80, under normal temperature condition with 10～
20 revs/min are stirred 5～10 minutes so that it is be completely dissolved, for pharmaceutical liquid；
(4) pharmaceutical liquid that rice chaff machining object step 2 obtained obtains with step 3 mixes, and adds alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid
Salt, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerol.Particularly as follows: will be equipped with retort a of rice chaff machining object under normal temperature condition
By 60～80 revs/min of rotations, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid in retort b, and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid first
Aldehyde condensate and glycerol add in retort a by being arranged on the sprayer unit on retort a top, gained after mix homogeneously
The herbicide composition that product is i.e. invented.
46 embodiment raw materials quality percentage ratio proportioning formula of table
The Herbicidal combinations field efficacy of 56 kinds of embodiments of embodiment and safety evaluatio
The Herbicidal combinations that 6 the embodiment proportionings enumerating table 5 are made, evaluates it to transplanting water under field condition
The prevention effect of rice field annual grassy weeds and safety.
5.1 test material
Reagent agent is respectively the embodiment 1 of table 4, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5
With embodiment 6, herbicide 90% butachlor EC is that Shandong Binnong Technology Co., Ltd. produces, and each consumption that processes is shown in Table 5.
Table 5 reagent agent EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
5.2 test method
Reagent agent and field rate thereof are shown in Table 5.Rice transplanting same day, grassy weed emerged to 2 leaf phases, and employing is spread
Excute a law used for ponds.Reagent agent is mixed sandy soil and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the Oryza sativa L. covered at 1～3 centimetre of water layer in the ranks.After dispenser gradually
Increase water layer is to 2～5 centimetres, and covers more than 7 days, only fills and does not arranges, it is to avoid water layer floods rice seedling lobus cardiacus after medicine in 10 days.Test
Plot area 15m2, divide and use the field mode every the ridge, with plastic foil bag ridge, to prevent minizone string water.Both sides are each
Staying the irrigation and drainage ditch of 20cm, single filling is single.Often process and be repeated 4 times.After medicine, 45d uses diagonal sampling, every community random searching 4
Individual sampling point (0.25m2/ point), investigate strain number, tiller and the fresh weight of weeds respectively.Divide and 10 days, 30 days and 45 days after medicine,
Its safety to Oryza sativa L. is investigated according to 5 grades of partitionings.
5 grades of grade scales of poisoning:
0 grade: plant growing is normal, without any damage symptoms；It is designated as "-"
1 grade: total blade less than 1/4 area is withered；Plant, by slight poisoning, can recover, be designated as "+"
2 grades: total blade 1/4～1/2 area is withered, and plant, by medium poisoning, can recover later, not affect yield；It is designated as
“++”
3 grades: total blade 1/2～3/4 area is withered, and hazard of plant is heavier, it is difficult to recovers, causes the underproduction；It is designated as " +++ "
4 grades: total blade more than 3/4 area or whole strain are withered, and phyto toxicity is serious, it is difficult to recover or plant is dead；It is designated as
“++++”
5.3 computational methods:
The computational methods of drug effect are as follows: Weed-control effect (%)=(CK-PT)/CK × 100
In formula, PT is for processing, and CK is comparison.
All data acquisition DPS v9.01 version softwares carry out statistical analysis, utilize randomized block design to combine Duncan ' s
Duncan's new multiple range method carries out significance test of difference to each process.
The strain preventive effect of after each process medicine 45 days tested by table 6 and fresh weight preventive effect analyzes (%)
Note: blank is weeds strain number or fresh weight, in table, capitalization represents that strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect are in 1% level
Significantly comparing, alphabetical identical expression is not notable, otherwise significantly.
10 days, 30 days and the safety to Oryza sativa L. in 45 days after each process medicine tested by table 7
Result of study shows, 6 kinds of embodiment fields for examination Herbicidal combinations are equal to the weeds in paddy field in transplanting rice field
There are stronger prevention effect, and Weed control effect difference or not to each other.Wherein embodiment 1 (butachlor consumption 118.03g
Ai/ mu) Weed control effect best, but strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect and chemical herbicide 90% butachlor EC (consumption 135g/ mu)
Contrast difference is not notable, but the consumption of herbicide butachlor decreases 16.97g ai/ mu；And embodiment 6 (butachlor consumption
39.79g ai/ mu) though herbicidal effect be weaker than other processing mode, but the strain preventive effect and fresh weight preventive effect to weeds in field is the biggest
In 60%, still there is preferable Weed control effect, and decrease 95.21g/ mu (table 6) relative to the consumption of herbicide butachlor.Separately
Outward, research displays that, for examination 6 kinds of formula of Herbicidal combinations to rice safety, uses latter 10 days, 30 days and 45 days and has no that it is to water
Rice produces poisoning, and herbicide 90% butachlor EC is 2250g/hm at field rate2Time, within after medicine 10 days, it is to for examination Oryza sativa L. table
Now turn to be yellow for lobus cardiacus, the 2 grades of poisoning of poisoning grade, after gradually take a turn for the better, within after medicine 45 days, recover normal, show the Herbicidal combinations of invention
Security of rice is better than herbicide butachlor (table 7).
Claims (3)
1. the herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed, it is characterised in that this herbicide composition adds with rice chaff
Work thing is carrier, and is made up of each raw material of following mass percent proportioning:
Rice chaff machining object: 98.357～99.485%, butachlor: 0.199～0.590%, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate: 0.149～
0.492%, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products: 0.149～0.492%, acetone: 0.003～0.010%, dimethylbenzene: 0.010
～0.039%, glycerol: 0.002～0.010%, POLYSORBATE 80: 0.003～0.010%.
2. Herbicidal combinations carrier as claimed in claim 1 is that Yunnan traditional rice variety little fiber crops paddy rice chaff is size-reduced, ferments
With the processing product after evaporated under reduced pressure.
The preparation method of a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed the most as claimed in claim 1, including following
Step:
3.1 each raw materials as described in claim 1 and mass percent proportioning thereof are got the raw materials ready；
3.2 prepare carrier: crossing 100 mesh sieves after the rice chaff of little fiber crops paddy being pulverized, extracting screen underflow 10Kg puts in retort a, after add
Enter 2L sterilized water, be subsequently adding bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) 20g of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram, bud
Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus lincheniformis) 10g of spore number >=20,000,000,000/gram and living bacteria count >=10,000,000,000
Individual/gram lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus delbrueckii) 10g, ferments after stirring in the calorstat of 25 DEG C of conditions
48h, after under the conditions of 50 DEG C after evaporated under reduced pressure pulverize, institute's ground product is rice chaff machining object；
3.3 prepare pharmaceutical liquid: be separately added into butachlor, acetone, dimethylbenzene and twen-80 in retort b, at normal temperature condition
Under with 10～20 revs/min stir 5～10 minutes so that it is be completely dissolved, for the pharmaceutical liquid containing butachlor；
3.4 prepare herbicide composition: the pharmaceutical liquid that rice chaff machining object and the step 3.3 step 3.2 obtained obtains mixes
Close, add alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerol, particularly as follows: will be equipped with under normal temperature condition
Retort a of rice chaff machining object presses 60～80 revs/min of rotations, after successively by the pharmaceutical liquid in retort b, and alkylnaphthalene
Sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products and glycerol add retort a by being arranged on the sprayer unit on retort a top
In, after mix homogeneously, the product of gained is described a kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed.
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