CN104904749A - Plant immune inducer and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant immune inducer and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904749A CN104904749A CN201510263261.7A CN201510263261A CN104904749A CN 104904749 A CN104904749 A CN 104904749A CN 201510263261 A CN201510263261 A CN 201510263261A CN 104904749 A CN104904749 A CN 104904749A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant immune inducer and application thereof. The immune inducer comprises the following effective components in percentage by weight: 0.001-0.02% of amino-oligosaccharin and 0.01-0.2% of phosphite. By combining the amino-oligosaccharin with the phosphite, the components of the obtained plant immune inducer are reasonable in mixing proportion, and the plant immune inducer which is applied to corn not only has a good preventing and treating effect on helminthosporium maydis, but also can improve the yield of the corn, so that the corn scatters pollen and spins synchronously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological pesticide technical field, particularly relate to a kind of plant immune inducer and application thereof.
Background technology
Corn southern leaf blight (Corn southern leaf blight) former bacterium is the compacted spore bacterium of maize (Helmin--thosporium maydis Nisikado & Miyabe.), belongs to Deuteromycotina fungi.Germ ascostome black, subsphaeroidal, size (357 ~ 642) × (276 ~ 443) μm, the blunt circle in ascus top, base portion tool short handle, base portion size is (124.6 ~ 183.3) × (22.9 ~ 28.5) μm.4,3 or 2 ascospores are had in each ascus.Ascospore is long linear, and in ascus, be wound in helical form each other, have barrier film, size is (146.6 ~ 327.3) × (6.3 ~ 8.8) μm, and perithecium, conidium, conidiophore all can sprout and grow germ tube.The conidiophore of Invisible element is scattered, and on sick leaf spore scab two sides, from leaf, pore or epidermal cell gap are stretched out, the raw or Dan Sheng of 2 ~ 3 bundles, yellowish-brown is to brown, and stretch or the complications in knee shape, base cells is large, the slightly thin look in top is more shallow, bottom color depth is comparatively thick, embraces trace obvious, raw on summit or break, 3 ~ 18, tool barrier film, general 6 ~ 8, size (80.3 ~ 155.6) × (5 ~ 10) μm, main infringement blade and bract.Germ mainly survives the winter on invalid body with resting mycelium body and conidial form, becomes primary source of infection of falling ill next year.Conidium borrows wind and rain, air-flow to propagate, and infects corn, infects after diseased plant produces conidium again.The preference temperature of diseased plant morbidity is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, the spore-bearing optimum temperature of germ 23 ~ 25 DEG C.When spore is in 24 DEG C, can sprout after 1 hour, and after running into adequate water or hot conditions, the state of an illness can expansion rapidly.When corn booting, heading stage, precipitation is many, humidity is high, easily causes the popular of helminthosporium maydis.At the initial stage of a disease, generally prevent and treat with chemical pesticides such as 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-600 times liquid, 75% tpn wettable powder 600-800 times of liquid, 65% zineb wettable powder 400-500 times of liquid.
Though utilize chemical pesticide can effective control of leaf spot of corn, but too increase corn fruit Pesticide Residues and food safety risk and ecotope hidden danger, result of study shows, utilize the inducer of nontoxic residue-free can lure in plant corpus and produce disease resistance response, thus make plant acquisition system resistant exempt from disease or alleviate disease generation.Therefore, apply immune inducer to can yet be regarded as a kind of both safe and effective method controlling corn southern leaf blight.
Current inducer can be divided into non-biological origin and the large class of biogenetic derivation two.The inducer of non-biological origin comprises the oligosaccharide kind that mineral salt (copper sulphate etc.), organic acid (salicylic acid etc.) and the method with organic synthesis obtain.The inducer of biogenetic derivation, except having the GOS being derived from plant and the anaphylaxin being derived from bacterium (harpin), also comprises the inducer such as viral capsid proteins, glycoprotein.
Immunity inducer, mainly through exciting the disease resistance of plant self, makes it produce antibacterial material, thus reaches suppression pathogen object.This resistance has wide spectrum, the advantage such as stable, lasting, can solve chemical control and there is pathogen pesticide resistance, environmental pollution and to people and animals' side-effect problem, realize agricultural product hamlessizing technology, become the new tool of Plant disease control.Therefore, the various new focus exciting disease-resistant, the pest-resistant plant immune inducer of plant autoprotcrtive system to become biologic product research and development.
At present, this type of preparation registered has in the world: the Keyplex of Oxycom, Morse company of Messenger, Redox Chemicals company of the Eden Biosciences company of the U.S., the Actigard of Syngenta Co., Ltd of Switzerland, the NCI of Japanese chemical drug company, the Chitosan etc. of rising sun chemical company of Korea S.In recent years, China has developed the plant immune inducer of protide, oligosaccharide kind, Field information result shows, these two kinds of inducers all show good disease resisting effect to fusarium wilt, virus disease, simultaneously to improving all successfuls such as color, sugariness, fruit retention that are melon, fruit.Research for many years shows, plant starts the control effects of albumen to tomato, capsicum, eggplant, seeding corn and other crops virus disease and reaches more than 60%.At whole crop growth period, use plant to start albumen and can reduce conventional pesticide usage amount 50%-60%, reduce Fertilizer application amount 20%-30%.
Application number be 201410668404.8 application for a patent for invention disclose and a kind of there is the biopesticide that immunity lures anti-effect, according to weight parts, its active ingredient comprises amino-oligosaccharide 0.2 ~ 12 part and brassin lactones 1 ~ 20 part.This biopesticide can be used for control plant anthracnose.
In addition, according to disclosed can the exciton of activated plant immunity, dissimilar exciton is used with the research of each component Synergistic in agricultural chemicals is also had a lot.Such as: as far back as 1986, Davis finds that poly-seven sugar in Portugal and endogenous polygalacturonase lyases, ten polygalacturonic acids, sodium acetate, sodium formate are mixed with sodium propionate, has synergistic function; Portugal gather seven sugar and endogenous polygalacturonase lyases, ten polygalacturonic acids mixed time induced activity improve 35 times than induced activity sum when inducing separately; Beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is mixed with the rhizobium (PGPR) of Promoting plant growth to be had and does synergistic effect mutually; Sun Yanqiu etc. find the plant induced resistance agent glucohexaose of Prof. Du Yucang and the fungi polysaccharide of artificial fermentation and pectin polysaccharide mixture can inducing cucumber, tomato disease resistance increase, and the preventive effect of mixed sugar is better than each single dose process; It is mixed that pentasaccharides gathers in poly-seven sugar of Yamaguchi research discovery two kinds of oligosaccharides exciton N-acetyl shells and Portugal, can improve resistance against diseases, and in body, the content of antibacterial material rice husk ketone is 5.5 times of the induction of independent excitation; Gather seven sugar and the affinity inhibition test of rice cell membrane receptor by isotope-labeled N-acetyl shell, find that two excitons have two different acceptors.
But, at present about adopt plant induced resistance agent come control of leaf spot of corn research report also less, adopt dissimilar exciton prepare plant induced resistance agent be applied to corn southern leaf blight study rarely have report especially.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of plant immune inducer and application thereof, this plant immune inducer mixed proportion is reasonable, and the control efficiency for corn southern leaf blight is good, and can improve the output of corn.
A kind of plant immune inducer, percentage, active ingredient comprises: the amino-oligosaccharide of 0.001 ~ 0.02% and the phosphite of 0.01 ~ 0.2%.
Amino-oligosaccharide is the polysaccharose natural products of safe, nontoxic, the noresidue of extracting from marine organisms shell (as shrimp shell), and producing the degree of polymerization through enzymolysis is the oligosaccharide of 2-15, is a kind of novel immune inducer.It can activate immunity and the growing system reaction of corn, makes to produce the active substance with resistant effect in its body, suppresses the intrusion of pathogen, promote growing of corn.Research shows that amino-oligosaccharide all has good preventive effect to multiple diseases such as apple mosaic, watermelon virus disease, fusarium wilt, capsicum epidemic disease, cotton wilts.
As preferably, described plant immune inducer, percentage, active ingredient comprises: the amino-oligosaccharide of 0.005 ~ 0.015% and the phosphite of 0.025 ~ 0.15%.
Described phosphite is potassium dihydrogen phosphite.Potassium dihydrogen phosphite (KH
2pO
3) be a kind of novel inorganic salt para-immunity inducer; in subacidity; have the double action killing pathogen and inducing plant generation resistance, the mechanism of phosphorous acid controlling disease comprises interference and suppresses effect of the direct host of protection of germ mycelial growth and product born of the same parents and accelerate the generation of phenolate thing or other disease-resistance substance in plant corpus and indirect effect of accumulation.Field trial shows, and phosphorous acid has good control efficiency to multiple diseases such as avocado root rot, pineapple heart rot, pawpaw fruit rot.
Described plant immune inducer also comprises other components, is specially the surfactant of 0.001 ~ 0.02%, the sustained release agent of 0.001 ~ 0.02%.More preferably, the surfactant of 0.005 ~ 0.015%, the sustained release agent of 0.002 ~ 0.015%.Surfactant can improve the distribution of above-mentioned inducer active principle on plant leaf surface, attachment and infiltration, can improve the transfer of above-mentioned active principle, improves the effective rate of utilization of inducer.
The application effect of type selecting to inducer active ingredient amino-oligosaccharide and phosphite of surfactant and sustained release agent has tremendous influence, and suitable surfactant and sustained release agent can further improve the control efficiency of derivant.As preferably, described surfactant is Tween-20, and it is also called polysorbate 20 or Tween 20 20.Described sustained release agent is fulvic acid.Fulvic acid is the brown coal inferior, weathered coal, a kind of natural humus that extracts in peat that never carbonize completely, containing the multiple main natural nutrition element needed for plant, find through test, coordinate with amino-oligosaccharide and phosphite the control efficiency that can further improve derivant as sustained release agent with fulvic acid, and can crop yield be improved.
As preferably, described plant immune inducer, take gross weight as 1kg, each component proportion is:
More preferably, take gross weight as 1kg, each component proportion is:
Present invention also offers the application of a kind of described plant immune inducer in control of leaf spot of corn.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) amino-oligosaccharide and phosphite combine by the present invention, the each mixture ratio example of the immune inducer obtained rationally, be applied to corn not only good to the control efficiency of helminthosporium maydis, and the output of corn can be improved, achieve corn loose powder and weave silk synchronous.
(2) the present invention adopts fulvic acid as sustained release agent, further increases the control efficiency of inducer to corn southern leaf blight, and facilitates the raising of corn yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further explained.
In the following example, the preparation method of plant immune inducer adopts conventional pesticide compound method, after mixed dissolution, obtains the present invention's immunity inducer by each component in water.The raw material of the present invention's immunity inducer are all by commercially available acquisition.
One, test material
Waxy corn Hybrid ' glutinous No. 3 of Zhejiang phoenix ', by Zhejiang, Wu Wangnongzhong industry Co., Ltd provides.
Two, Food crop
Within 2014, on farm, Xihu District of Hangzhou City Zhejiang University Zijin port, point spring, the plantation of season in autumn two, plot area 0.02 mu, repeats for 3 times.Spring is live on May 9th, 2014, unification on July 25 results, planting density 3600 plants/acre; Autumn in August 4 is live, unification on October 24 results, planting density 3800 plants/acre.
Three, corn immunity inducer method of application
5 process (specifically as shown in embodiment 1 ~ 5) are set.Spring test in, process 1 ~ 5 respectively at maize leaf age be 5 leaves, 7 leaves, 9 leaves and 11 leaves (horn mouth) time, carry out foliage-spray, namely spray 4 times altogether, each using dosage is 100mL/ mu; Comparative example 1 (contrast 1) is clear water solution contrast, sprays the time identical with process 1 ~ 5 with number of times; Comparative example 2 (contrast 2), for carrying out spraying process when carbendazim 800 times of liquid are 7 leaves, 11 leaf respectively at maize leaf age, namely sprays 2 times altogether.
Autumn test in, process 1 ~ 5 respectively at maize leaf age be 4 leaves, 6 leaves, 8 leaves and 10 leaves (horn mouth) time, carry out foliage-spray, namely spray 4 times altogether, each using dosage is 100mL/ mu; Comparative example 1 (contrast 1) is clear water contrast, sprays the time identical with process 1 ~ 5 with number of times; Comparative example 2 (contrast 2), for carrying out spraying process when carbendazim 800 times of liquid are 6 leaves, 10 leaf respectively at maize leaf age, namely sprays 2 times altogether.
Embodiment 1
A kind of plant immune inducer, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Tween-20 0.1g；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphite 1.0g;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of plant immune inducer, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Tween-20 0.1g；
Amino-oligosaccharide 0.1g;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 3
A kind of plant immune inducer, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Tween-20 0.1g；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphite 0.5g;
Amino-oligosaccharide 0.1g;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 4
A kind of plant immune inducer, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Embodiment 5
A kind of plant immune inducer, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Comparative example 1
A kind of agricultural chemicals, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Surfactant 0.1g;
Surplus is water.
Comparative example 2
A kind of agricultural chemicals, in gross weight 1 kilogram, the consumption of each component is:
Carbendazim 0.8g;
Surplus is water.
Carry out the helminthosporium maydis investigation that a situation arises to the milpa after above-described embodiment and comparative example process, and measure the output of milpa, result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
The immune inducer process of table 1 is on the maize planting plant helminthosporium maydis impact that a situation arises in spring
Note: assessment resistance is 9 grades of systems: 1 grade of-HR high resistance; 3 grades of-R resist; Anti-in 5 grades of-MR; 7 grades of-S senses; The sense of 9 grades of-HS height.
The immune inducer process of table 2 is on the impact of milpa output
As can be seen from Table 1, immune inducer process in No. 1,3,4 and 5, embodiment reaches anti-level level to corn southern leaf blight resistance, identical with the process of conventional chemical pesticide carbendazim, show that immune inducer process can significantly improve milpa to corn southern leaf blight disease resistance.
As can be seen from Table 2, in corn planting experiment in spring, with spray compared with clear water process (contrasting 1) in comparative example 1, embodiment 1,2.1% and 7.4% are increased production in inducer process in 2 respectively, and the inducer process in No. 3 ~ 5, embodiment is increased production obviously, all more than 12.7%, comparative example 2 conventional pesticide process (contrast 2) volume increase 5.3%.And compared with conventional pesticide carbendazim (contrasting 2), embodiment 2 increases production 2.0%, the inducer process volume increase in No. 3 ~ 5, embodiment is all more than 7.0%, and all the other process the equal underproduction.
In corn planting experiment in autumn, and spray clear water and contrast compared with in the of 1, all process all have to be increased production in various degree, and the inducer process corn yield increasing wherein in No. 3 ~ 5, embodiment is obvious, and amplification is all more than 7.0%.And compared with conventional pesticide carbendazim (contrasting 2), except comparative example 1 processes inducer process (contrast 1), all the other process have to be increased production in various degree, wherein, inducer process corn yield amplification in embodiment 3 ~ 5, all more than 6.0%, shows that immune inducer process can improve corn yield.
In addition, when planting spring, 1 ~ No. 5 process loose powder and the time of weaving silk are July 2, and synchronism is good; The loose powder ratio of comparative example 1,2 is weaved silk time Zao 1d.
Find out from spring and autumn field experiment result, amino-oligosaccharide is mixed with phosphite has more obvious effect of increasing production than independent a kind of use, shows that amino-oligosaccharide is mixed with phosphite and has obvious synergistic effect.
Claims (8)
1. a plant immune inducer, is characterized in that, percentage, and active ingredient comprises: the amino-oligosaccharide of 0.001 ~ 0.02% and the phosphite of 0.01 ~ 0.2%.
2. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, percentage, active ingredient comprises: the amino-oligosaccharide of 0.005 ~ 0.015% and the phosphite of 0.025 ~ 0.15%.
3. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described phosphite is potassium dihydrogen phosphite.
4. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the surfactant of 0.001 ~ 0.02%; The sustained release agent of 0.001 ~ 0.02%.
5. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described surfactant is Tween-20.
6. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described sustained release agent is fulvic acid.
7. plant immune inducer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, take gross weight as 1kg, each component proportion is:
8. the application of plant immune inducer in control of leaf spot of corn as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN105660698A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Application of plant immune resistance inducer in prevention and control of damping-off and blight of cucumbers |
| CN106070388A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-09 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106719901A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof |
| CN107148867A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-12 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of seedling process method of golden pineapple |
| CN108041026A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of preparation method of high osmosis plant immune inducer |
| CN108299080A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-20 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of special tree vigo(u)r restorative of Chinese pine and its application |
| CN109601553A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | A kind of antitranspirant and preparation method thereof containing phosphorous acid derivative |
| CN110028358A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-19 | 山东农业大学 | Improved the soil mode based on Controlled Release Fertilizer-plant immune inducer-organic fertilizer advantage compatibility beach saline land control salt drop alkali |
| CN111296485A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Application of inducer in preventing and treating gray mold of strawberry, increasing chlorophyll content and reducing cell membrane permeability |
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| CN105660698A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Application of plant immune resistance inducer in prevention and control of damping-off and blight of cucumbers |
| CN105660698B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-09-11 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Application of the plant immune inducer in prevention cucumber samping off and damping-off |
| CN106070388A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-09 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of herbicide composition preventing and treating paddy field weed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106719901A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof |
| CN107148867A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-12 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of seedling process method of golden pineapple |
| CN108041026A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of preparation method of high osmosis plant immune inducer |
| CN108299080A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-20 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of special tree vigo(u)r restorative of Chinese pine and its application |
| CN109601553A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | A kind of antitranspirant and preparation method thereof containing phosphorous acid derivative |
| CN109601553B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-10-23 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | Antitranspirant containing phosphorous acid derivative and preparation method thereof |
| CN110028358A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-19 | 山东农业大学 | Improved the soil mode based on Controlled Release Fertilizer-plant immune inducer-organic fertilizer advantage compatibility beach saline land control salt drop alkali |
| CN111296485A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Application of inducer in preventing and treating gray mold of strawberry, increasing chlorophyll content and reducing cell membrane permeability |
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