CN106719901A - Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
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Abstract
A kind of plant immune inducer prepared the invention discloses utilization shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof, the plant immune inducer includes the raw material of following weight proportion：Be modified 3~8 parts of chitin, 0.5~1 part of Chinese medical extract, 0.1~0.5 part of phosphate, 0.1~0.5 part of organic acid, 50~150 parts of water, and its preparation method is：Modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, phosphate, organic acid, water are mixed by weight ratio, after homogeneous, mixed solution is spray-dried, collect dried object, as plant immune inducer.The present invention carries out structural modification to the chitin for coming from shrimp and crab shells, a kind of modified chitin with long range conducted signal ability, inducing plant resistance high is obtained, there is positive immune effect to various pathogen infections as the plant immune inducer of Main Ingredients and Appearance, root-rot bacterium especially to tomato, first epidemic disease bacterium effect is significant, its disease incidence are less than 5%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological pesticide technical field, the plant immune prepared more particularly, to a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells lures anti-
Agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Plant immune inducer is also plant vaccine, is a class novel biopesticide, with notable diseases prevention, it is antifreeze, volume increase,
The effect of improving quality, to person poultry harmless, free from environmental pollution.It is that vaccine engineering technology occurs after after vaccine for man, animal vaccine
Frontier, be also the more popular research direction of biological pesticide initiative in the world.
Plant immune inducer does not have direct killing action to diseases and pests of agronomic crop, but is led to by exogenous biological or molecule
Cross induction or activated plant produced by resisting substance, to some pathogens produce resistance or suppress germ growth.When it is applied
After on the crops, by induce crops to produce to resist or prevention and control diseases and pests of agronomic crop material, so as to reach anti-curing the disease
The purpose of insect pest.According to incompletely statistics, at present, the domestic plant immune that formal registration is obtained in the Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of the Ministry of Agriculture,PRC
Inducer mainly has the medicine product such as Knagzhuang extract (protein elicitor), beneficial germ (bacillus subtilis), chitosan oligosaccharide and abscisic acid
Kind.About plant immune inducer research with utilize, the relevant management of government and popularizing department and extensively are have also been obtained at present
The accreditation of big peasant, it plays more and more important work in terms of the growth of protection plant health, guarantee food and ecological safety
With.Future, plant immune inducer agricultural chemicals will be expected to turn into the new strategic industry with great development prospect.
Chitin is one of the oligosaccharides with exciton activity being determined.Chitin has substantial amounts of source, most based on
The source wanted is shrimp and crab shells, and its content is 20%~40%, makes full use of shrimp and crab shells to originate, and develops highly efficient chitin and plants
The immune inducer of thing has certain market prospects.At present, plant immune inducer is prepared using chitin to study on a small quantity.
Chinese patent CN105746591A discloses a kind of method that utilization crab shell prepares plant immune inducer, and the patent is in crab shell
Chitin be esterified and in this, as the main body of plant immune inducer.However, directly extracting chitin from crab shell
It is water-soluble poor, and chitin esterification can make water miscible further reduction, and moving it property is restricted, it is difficult to set foot in length
The conductive process of distance signal, makes the chitin fragment with exciton activity be difficult to more preferably play its useful effect, to plant
Induced resistance is greatly reduced.
The content of the invention
For the problem that chitin is difficult to set foot in the conduction of long range signals, induction disease resistance of plant is not enough, the present invention is carried
A kind of plant immune inducer of utilization shrimp and crab shells preparation and preparation method thereof is supplied.
The present invention is realized by following technology：
A kind of plant immune inducer prepared by utilization shrimp and crab shells, the plant immune inducer includes the original of following weight proportion
Material：Modified 3~8 parts of chitin, 0.5~1 part of Chinese medical extract, 0.1~0.5 part of phosphate, 0.1~0.5 part of organic acid, water 50
~150 parts.
Preferably, the Chinese medical extract includes the raw material of following weight proportion：3~8 parts of the coptis, 5~8 parts of Radix Isatidis,
5~10 parts of the root of large-flowered skullcap, 10~15 parts of golden cypress, 3~5 parts of rheum officinale, 3~5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3~5 parts of folium isatidis, 1~5 part of Herba Andrographitis, five
3~8 parts of taste, its preparation method is as follows：By the coptis, Radix Isatidis, the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Herba Andrographitis,
The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine mixes and compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In 30~40 immersion 40wt%~60wt% ethanol waters, in 70~80 DEG C of conditions
Lower insulation is filtered after 3~4 hours, and filtered fluid is spray-dried, and collects dried object, as Chinese medical extract.
Preferably, it is described spray drying be centrifugal spray drying, outlet temperature be 80~90 DEG C, inlet temperature be 300~
320 DEG C, centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 8000~12000 revs/min.
Preferably, the phosphate is the one kind or several in phosphoric acid hydrogen aluminium, cupric phosphate, calcium phosphate, ferric phosphate and magnesium phosphate
Kind.
Preferably, the organic acid be salicylic acid and jasmonic in one or two.
Preferably, the preparation process of the modified chitin is as follows：
1) shrimp and crab shells are taken, its residual meat is removed, is cleaned, after being dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, be crushed to 100~150 mesh, obtain shrimp and crab shells
Powder；
2) take shrimp and crab shells powder and compare 1 by solid-liquid weight：In the hydrochloric acid solution of 30~40 0.5~1.5mol/L of immersion, 60 are warming up to
~80 DEG C and be incubated 4~6 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
3) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 20~30 5~10g/L of immersion,
It is warming up to 40~60 DEG C and is filtered after being incubated 4~6 hours, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
4) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：The dioxygen of 20~30 immersion 10wt%~15wt% is water-soluble
In liquid, it is warming up to 80~100 DEG C and is filtered after being incubated 2~4 hours, rinsed with water and dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, obtains final product
Shrimp crab chitin；
5) shrimp crab chitin is compared 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 4~6 immersion 40wt%~50wt%, will mix
Solution is fitted into rustless steel container, is passed through nitrogen, is warming up to 70~80 DEG C, is incubated 72~96 hours, and filtering removes alkali lye, with
Shrimp crab chitin is washed till neutrality by water, after being dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, obtains final product chitan；
6) take chitan and compare 1 with solid-liquid weight：30~50 are dissolved in unsaturated carbonate hydrogen ammonium salt solution, and 50 are stood at room temperature
After~100h, 60~70 DEG C are warming up to, are incubated 1~2 hour, be concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and carry out vacuum freeze drying, obtained final product
Ammonium chitan；
7) the dichloroacetic acid acid anhydride of the weight such as ammonium chitan addition is weighed, in reaction 6~8 hours at 30~40 DEG C
Afterwards, the water of 5~8 times of ammonium chitan weight is added, after being reacted 6~8 hours at 70~90 DEG C, vacuum concentration should
Reaction solution simultaneously carries out vacuum freeze drying, obtains final product modified chitin.
Chitin is the main component of many fungal cell wall polysaccharide, the soluble chitin of the release of plant chitinase
Fragment plays a part of exciton.But chitin water solubility is poor, moving integrally property is restricted, it is impossible to set foot in letter over long distances
Number conductive process, in the present invention, inventor is obtained the modified chitin (I) with good biological activity by structural modification,
The mobility of chitin is improve, makes it possible relatively long distance signal transduction.
In plant immune inducer of the invention, in addition to modified chitin, more introduce phosphate, organic acid and Chinese medicine and carry
Take thing.Phosphatic metal ion can make ion channel change, and ion channel is in plasmalemma depolarising and exciton letter
Played a positive role in number conventional procedure；Organic acid used in the present invention is salicylic acid and jasmonic, salicylic acid and jasmine
Acid is the endogenous elicitor of plant, is applied to both organic acids as external source exciton on plant, same inducible plant
Thing improves resistance against diseases；Additionally, in order to realize curing the plant for suffering from pathogen infection, the present invention with the addition of with anti-
Bacterium, the Chinese medical extract of bactericidal activity, as a result show, the booster action of Chinese medical extract further increases plant immune and lures anti-
The using effect of agent.
Preferably, step 6) or step 7) the condition of vacuum concentration be：Temperature is 70~80 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.08
~-0.06MPa, the time is 1~2 hour；Step 6) or step 7) the condition of vacuum freeze drying be：Temperature -60~-40
DEG C, vacuum is -0.08~-0.06MPa, and the time is 96~120 hours.
A kind of preparation method of plant immune inducer prepared by utilization shrimp and crab shells, the preparation of the plant immune inducer
Method is：Modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, phosphate, organic acid, water are mixed by weight ratio, it is molten to mixing after homogeneous
Liquid is spray-dried, and collects dried object, as plant immune inducer.
Preferably, it is described spray drying be centrifugal spray drying, outlet temperature be 80~90 DEG C, inlet temperature be 300~
320 DEG C, centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 8000~12000 revs/min.
Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells disclosed by the invention and preparation method thereof, its advantage
For：1) structural modification is carried out to the chitin for coming from shrimp and crab shells, a kind of induction with long range conducted signal ability, height is obtained and plants
Various pathogen infections are had positive exempting from by the modified chitin of thing resistance as the plant immune inducer of Main Ingredients and Appearance
Epidemic disease effect, root-rot bacterium especially to tomato, first epidemic disease bacterium effect is significant, its disease incidence is less than 5%；2) present invention is made
The plant immune inducer immunization time for obtaining is long, has preferable compatibility with plant, can be absorbed by plants or voluntarily degrade,
It is environmentally safe.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, plant immune prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells described in the present patent application is lured
Anti-agent and preparation method thereof.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the present invention, it is not used to limit
The present invention.
Embodiment 1
Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells of the present embodiment, including following weight proportion raw material：It is modified several
Fourth matter 3Kg, Chinese medical extract 0.5Kg, calcium phosphate 0.1Kg, salicylic acid 0.1Kg, water 50Kg, its preparation method is：By raw material
Weight weighs modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, calcium phosphate, salicylic acid, water mixing, after homogeneous, mixed solution is sprayed
Dry, collect dried object, as plant immune inducer.Wherein, it is centrifugal spray drying to be spray-dried, and outlet temperature is 80
DEG C, inlet temperature is 300 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 8000 revs/min.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, the preparation process of the chitin that is modified is as follows：
1) shrimp and crab shells are taken, its residual meat is removed, is cleaned, after being dried under the conditions of 80 DEG C, be crushed to 100 mesh, obtain shrimp and crab shells powder；
2) take 20Kg shrimp and crab shells powder and compare 1 by solid-liquid weight：In the 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions of 30 immersion 600Kg, 60 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 4 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
3) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 20 immersion 5g/L, 40 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 4 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
4) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the hydrogen peroxide solution of 20 immersion 10wt%, 80 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 2 hours after filter, with water rinse and under the conditions of 80 DEG C dry, obtain final product shrimp crab chitin；
5) shrimp crab chitin is compared 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 4 immersion 40wt%, mixed solution is loaded not
In rust steel container, nitrogen is passed through, is warming up to 70 DEG C, be incubated 72 hours, filtering removes alkali lye, is washed till shrimp crab chitin with water
Neutrality, after being dried under the conditions of 80 DEG C, obtains final product chitan；
6) take chitan and compare 1 with solid-liquid weight：30 are dissolved in unsaturated carbonate hydrogen ammonium salt solution, after standing 50h at room temperature,
60 DEG C are warming up to, are heated up 1 hour, be concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and carry out vacuum freeze drying, obtain final product ammonium Chitosan
Matter；The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 70 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.08MPa, and the time is 1 hour；The bar of vacuum freeze drying
Part is：- 60 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.08MPa, and the time is 96 hours；
7) the dichloroacetic acid acid anhydride of the weight such as ammonium chitan addition is weighed, after being reacted 6 hours at 30 DEG C, ammonium is added
The water of 5 times of base chitan weight, after being reacted 6 hours at 70 DEG C, is concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and to carry out vacuum cold
It is lyophilized dry, obtain final product modified chitin 6.3Kg.The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 70 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.08MPa, time
It is 1 hour；The condition of vacuum freeze drying is：- 60 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.08MPa, and the time is 96 hours.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, Chinese medical extract includes the original of following weight
Material：Coptis 3Kg, Radix Isatidis 5Kg, root of large-flowered skullcap 5Kg, golden cypress 10Kg, rheum officinale 3Kg, cordate houttuynia 3Kg, folium isatidis 3Kg, Herba Andrographitis 1Kg,
Fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 3Kg, its preparation method is as follows：By the coptis, Radix Isatidis, the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Herba Andrographitis, five
Taste mixes and compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In 30 immersion 40wt% ethanol waters, filtered after being incubated 3 hours under the conditions of 70 DEG C,
Filtered fluid is spray-dried, dried object, as Chinese medical extract 0.57Kg is collected.Wherein, be spray-dried is centrifugal spray
Dry, outlet temperature is 80 DEG C, inlet temperature is 300 DEG C, centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 8000 revs/min.
Embodiment 2
Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells of the present embodiment, including following weight proportion raw material：It is modified several
Fourth matter 8Kg, Chinese medical extract 1Kg, phosphoric acid hydrogen aluminium 0.5Kg, jasmonic 0.5Kg, water 150Kg, its preparation method is：By raw material
Weight weighs modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, phosphoric acid hydrogen aluminium, jasmonic, water mixing, after homogeneous, mixed solution is sprayed
Mist is dried, and collects dried object, as plant immune inducer.Wherein, it is centrifugal spray drying to be spray-dried, and outlet temperature is 90
DEG C, inlet temperature is 320 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 12000 revs/min.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, the preparation process of the chitin that is modified is as follows：
1) shrimp and crab shells are taken, its residual meat is removed, is cleaned, after being dried under the conditions of 90 DEG C, be crushed to 150 mesh, obtain shrimp and crab shells powder；
2) take 20Kg shrimp and crab shells powder and compare 1 by solid-liquid weight：In the 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions of 40 immersion 800Kg, 80 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 6 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
3) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 30 immersion 10g/L, it is warming up to
60 DEG C and be incubated 6 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
4) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the hydrogen peroxide solution of 30 immersion 15wt%, it is warming up to
100 DEG C and be incubated 4 hours after filter, with water rinse and under the conditions of 90 DEG C dry, obtain final product shrimp crab chitin；
5) shrimp crab chitin is compared 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 6 immersion 50wt%, mixed solution is loaded not
In rust steel container, nitrogen is passed through, is warming up to 80 DEG C, be incubated 96 hours, filtering removes alkali lye, is washed till shrimp crab chitin with water
Neutrality, after being dried under the conditions of 90 DEG C, obtains final product chitan；
6) take chitan and compare 1 with solid-liquid weight：50 are dissolved in unsaturated carbonate hydrogen ammonium salt solution, and 100h is stood at room temperature
Afterwards, 70 DEG C are warming up to, 2 hours are incubated, the reaction solution are concentrated in vacuo and are carried out vacuum freeze drying, obtain final product ammoniumization deacetylated several
Ding Zhi；The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 80 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.06MPa, and the time is 2 hours；Vacuum freeze drying
Condition is：- 40 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.06MPa, and the time is 120 hours；
7) the dichloroacetic acid acid anhydride of the weight such as ammonium chitan addition is weighed, after being reacted 8 hours at 40 DEG C, ammonium is added
The water of 8 times of base chitan weight, after being reacted 8 hours at 90 DEG C, is concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and to carry out vacuum cold
It is lyophilized dry, obtain final product modified chitin 6.3Kg.The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 80 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.06MPa, time
It is 2 hours；The condition of vacuum freeze drying is：- 40 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.06MPa, and the time is 120 hours.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, Chinese medical extract includes the original of following weight
Material：Coptis 8Kg, Radix Isatidis 8Kg, root of large-flowered skullcap 10Kg, golden cypress 15Kg, rheum officinale 5Kg, cordate houttuynia 5Kg, folium isatidis 5Kg, Herba Andrographitis 5Kg,
Fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 8Kg, its preparation method is as follows：By the coptis, Radix Isatidis, the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Herba Andrographitis, five
Taste mixes and compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In 40 immersion 60wt% ethanol waters, filtered after being incubated 4 hours under the conditions of 80 DEG C,
Filtered fluid is spray-dried, dried object, as Chinese medical extract 1.3Kg is collected.Wherein, be spray-dried is centrifugal spray dryer
Dry, outlet temperature is 90 DEG C, and inlet temperature is 320 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 12000 revs/min.
Embodiment 3
Plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells of the present embodiment, including following weight proportion raw material：It is modified several
Fourth matter 6Kg, Chinese medical extract 0.8Kg, magnesium phosphate 0.2Kg, calcium phosphate 0.2Kg, salicylic acid 0.2Kg, jasmonic 0.2Kg, water
100Kg, its preparation method is：Modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate, bigcatkin willow are weighed by the weight of raw material
Acid, jasmonic, water mixing, after homogeneous, are spray-dried to mixed solution, collect dried object, as plant immune inducer.
Wherein, it is centrifugal spray drying to be spray-dried, and outlet temperature is 85 DEG C, and inlet temperature is 310 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is
10000 revs/min.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, the preparation process of the chitin that is modified is as follows：
1) shrimp and crab shells are taken, its residual meat is removed, is cleaned, after being dried under the conditions of 85 DEG C, be crushed to 130 mesh, obtain shrimp and crab shells powder；
2) take 20Kg shrimp and crab shells powder and compare 1 by solid-liquid weight：In the 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions of 35 immersion 700Kg, 70 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 5 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
3) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 25 immersion 8g/L, 50 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 5 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
4) the shrimp and crab shells powder that will be washed till neutrality compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the hydrogen peroxide solution of 25 immersion 12wt%, 90 are warming up to
DEG C and be incubated 3 hours after filter, with water rinse and under the conditions of 85 DEG C dry, obtain final product shrimp crab chitin；
5) shrimp crab chitin is compared 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 5 immersion 45wt%, mixed solution is loaded not
In rust steel container, nitrogen is passed through, is warming up to 75 DEG C, be incubated 84 hours, filtering removes alkali lye, is washed till shrimp crab chitin with water
Neutrality, after being dried under the conditions of 85 DEG C, obtains final product chitan；
6) take chitan and compare 1 with solid-liquid weight：40 are dissolved in unsaturated carbonate hydrogen ammonium salt solution, after standing 75h at room temperature,
65 DEG C are warming up to, and are kept for 1.5 hours, be concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and carry out vacuum freeze drying, obtain final product ammoniumization deacetylated
Chitin；The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 75 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.07MPa, and the time is 1.5 hours；Vacuum refrigeration is done
Dry condition is：- 50 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.07MPa, and the time is 108 hours；
7) the dichloroacetic acid acid anhydride of the weight such as ammonium chitan addition is weighed, after being reacted 7 hours at 35 DEG C, ammonium is added
The water of 7 times of base chitan weight, after being reacted 7 hours at 80 DEG C, is concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and to carry out vacuum cold
It is lyophilized dry, obtain final product modified chitin 6.1Kg.The condition of vacuum concentration is：Temperature is 75 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.07MPa, time
It is 1.5 hours；The condition of vacuum freeze drying is：- 50 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is -0.07MPa, and the time is 108 hours.
In the raw material of the plant immune inducer prepared by the present embodiment, Chinese medical extract includes the original of following weight
Material：Coptis 6Kg, Radix Isatidis 7Kg, root of large-flowered skullcap 8Kg, golden cypress 12Kg, rheum officinale 4Kg, cordate houttuynia 4Kg, folium isatidis 4Kg, Herba Andrographitis 3Kg,
Fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 5Kg, its preparation method is as follows：By the coptis, Radix Isatidis, the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Herba Andrographitis, five
Taste mixes and compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In 35 immersion 50wt% ethanol waters, mistake after being incubated 3.5 hours under the conditions of 75 DEG C
Filter, is spray-dried to filtered fluid, collects dried object, as Chinese medical extract 0.9Kg.Wherein, it is spray-dried as centrifugation is sprayed
Mist is dried, and outlet temperature is 85 DEG C, and inlet temperature is 310 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is 10000 revs/min.
In order to further verify the using effect of the plant immune inducer prepared by embodiment, following application is referred to real
Example：1st, tomato variety " Zhejiang powder 702 " (Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science)
2nd, the method for application of plant immune inducer
On May 25th, 2015 starts, and two groups of (experimental group and control group) tomatoes is sprayed, every group 50 plants.Experimental group is sprayed
The plant immune inducer aqueous solution (concentration is 2g/L) as prepared by embodiment 1~3, control group spray clear water is monthly sprayed
Twice, every plant sprays 30mL, and other fertilizer are identical.On July 25th, 2015 is examined to experimental group with every plant of tomato of control group
Look into.Result is as shown in table 1.
Influence of the plant immune inducer of table 1 to disease incidence
As shown in Table 1, compared with control group (spray clear water), the tomato root Zhejiang of all experimental groups (spray on plants is immunized inducer)
The root-rot bacterium of powder 702, first epidemic disease bacterium are decreased significantly, and disease incidence is less than 5%.
Claims (9)
1. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells, it is characterised in that the plant immune inducer is included such as
The raw material of lower weight proportion：Modified 3~8 parts of chitin, 0.5~1 part of Chinese medical extract, 0.1~0.5 part of phosphate, organic acid
0.1~0.5 part, 50~150 parts of water.
2. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described
Medicament extract includes the raw material of following weight proportion：3~8 parts of the coptis, 5~8 parts of Radix Isatidis, 5~10 parts of the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress 10~15
Part, 3~5 parts of rheum officinale, 3~5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3~5 parts of folium isatidis, 1~5 part of Herba Andrographitis, 3~8 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, its preparation method
It is as follows：The coptis, Radix Isatidis, the root of large-flowered skullcap, golden cypress, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Herba Andrographitis, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine are mixed and with solid-liquid weight
Than 1：In 30~40 immersion 40wt%~60wt% ethanol waters, filtered after being incubated 3~4 hours under the conditions of 70~80 DEG C, it is right
Filtered fluid is spray-dried, and collects dried object, as Chinese medical extract.
3. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spray
It is centrifugal spray drying that mist is dried, and outlet temperature is 80~90 DEG C, and inlet temperature is 300~320 DEG C, and centrifugal atomizing nozzle rotating speed is
8000~12000 revs/min.
4. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phosphorus
Hydrochlorate is one or more in phosphoric acid hydrogen aluminium, cupric phosphate, calcium phosphate, ferric phosphate and magnesium phosphate.
5. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to have
Machine acid is one or two in salicylic acid and jasmonic.
6. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to change
The preparation process of property chitin is as follows：
1）Take shrimp and crab shells, remove its residual meat, clean, after being dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, be crushed to 100~150 mesh, obtain shrimp and crab shells
Powder；
2）Take shrimp and crab shells powder and compare 1 by solid-liquid weight：In the hydrochloric acid solution of 30~40 0.5~1.5mol/L of immersion, 60 are warming up to
~80 DEG C and be incubated 4~6 hours after filter, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
3）The shrimp and crab shells powder that neutrality will be washed till compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 20~30 5~10g/L of immersion,
It is warming up to 40~60 DEG C and is filtered after being incubated 4~6 hours, shrimp and crab shells powder is washed till by neutrality with water；
4）The shrimp and crab shells powder that neutrality will be washed till compares 1 with solid-liquid weight：The hydrogen peroxide solution of 20~30 immersion 10wt%~15wt%
In, it is warming up to 80~100 DEG C and is filtered after being incubated 2~4 hours, rinsed with water and dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, obtain final product shrimp
Crab chitin；
5）Shrimp crab chitin is compared 1 with solid-liquid weight：In the sodium hydroxide solution of 4~6 immersion 40wt%~50wt%, will mix molten
Liquid is fitted into rustless steel container, is passed through nitrogen, is warming up to 70~80 DEG C, is incubated 72~96 hours, and filtering removes alkali lye, with water
Shrimp crab chitin is washed till neutrality, after being dried under the conditions of 80~90 DEG C, chitan is obtained final product；
6）Take chitan and compare 1 with solid-liquid weight：30~50 are dissolved in unsaturated carbonate hydrogen ammonium salt solution, and 50 are stood at room temperature
After~100h, 60~70 DEG C are warming up to, are incubated 1~2 hour, be concentrated in vacuo the reaction solution and carry out vacuum freeze drying, obtained final product
Ammonium chitan；
7）The dichloroacetic acid acid anhydride of the weight such as ammonium chitan addition is weighed, in reaction 6~8 hours at 30~40 DEG C
Afterwards, the water of 5~8 times of ammonium chitan weight is added, after being reacted 6~8 hours at 70~90 DEG C, vacuum concentration should
Reaction solution simultaneously carries out vacuum freeze drying, obtains final product modified chitin.
7. the plant immune inducer that prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 6）
Or step 7）The condition of vacuum concentration be：Temperature is 70~80 DEG C, and vacuum is -0.08~-0.06MPa, and the time is 1~2
Hour；Step 6）Or step 7）The condition of vacuum freeze drying be：Temperature -60~-40 DEG C, vacuum be -0.08~-
0.06MPa, the time is 96~120 hours.
8. a kind of preparation method of plant immune inducer prepared by utilization shrimp and crab shells as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In the preparation method of the plant immune inducer is：By weight ratio by modified chitin, Chinese medical extract, phosphate, have
Machine acid, water mixing, after homogeneous, are spray-dried to mixed solution, collect dried object, as plant immune inducer.
9. the preparation method of plant immune inducer prepared by a kind of utilization shrimp and crab shells according to claim 8, its feature
It is that the spray drying is centrifugal spray drying, outlet temperature is 80~90 DEG C, and inlet temperature is 300~320 DEG C, centrifugation
Fog-spray nozzle rotating speed is 8000~12000 revs/min.
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