CN104276895A

CN104276895A - Green ecological medicinal fertilizer for vegetables and preparation method of green ecological medicinal fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN104276895A
Application number: CN201410572046.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何广生; 东丽; 华泽田; 李志彬; 蔡卓; 曲丽君; 刘欣; 刘桂林; 朱崴; 亓娜
Original assignee: CHINA NATIONAL JAPONICA RICE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
Current assignee: CHINA NATIONAL JAPONICA RICE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
Priority date: 2014-10-24
Filing date: 2014-10-24
Publication date: 2015-01-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medicinal fertilizers and provides a green ecological medicinal fertilizer for vegetables and a preparation method of the green ecological medicinal fertilizer. According to a formula, the green ecological medicinal fertilizer for vegetables is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, 8-13 parts of pomegranate leaves, 5-15 parts of willow leaves, 5-15 parts of walnut leaves and 1-5 parts of bran. The preparation method comprises the concrete steps of (a) cleaning the leaves in a NaCl water solution according to the weight part, and airing; (b) uniformly stirring the aired leaves and the bran, diluting 1 part of prepared vinegar yeast by using 100kg of cold boiled water, and then, uniformly spraying the vinegar yeast; (c) covering and sealing a compost by using a plastic film, and then, wrapping the compost by using straws until the compost is fermented to be mature; and (d) preparing the vinegar yeast, namely, culturing 1 part of the vinegar yeast in a culture medium prepared according to the formula: 3-4ml of edible alcohol, 0.4g of glucose, 1g of yeast extracts, 1.5g of calcium carbonate, 1.5g of agar and 100g of water at the temperature of 30 DEG C for 2 days, and then, storing in a refrigerator (4 DEG C). The green ecological medicinal fertilizer for vegetables achieves the aims of turning waste into wealth and combining a fertilizer and a medicine and has the functions of soil remediation, low carbon and safety.

Description

The green medicine of a kind of environmental vegetables is fertile and preparation method thereof

One, technical field

The present invention relates to fertilizer field, be specifically related to green medicine fertilizer in green medicine fertile field, particularly environmental vegetables and preparation method thereof.

Two, background technology

According to China's development low-carbon (LC), circulation, Organic farming, the agricultural development planning ensured food safety, in line with improving quality of agricultural product, reducing the object of production cost, the green medicine fertilizer of research farm crop becomes a kind of inexorable trend.Medicine fertilizer is the one in green manure.

Green manure (green manure) is the green plants body being used as fertilizer.Green manure is a kind of nutrient biological source of manure completely.The effective ways adding the source of manure are not only by green manure, and also have great role to improvement soil, specifically, green medicine fertilizer has following advantage:

(1) abundant nutrient can be provided for soil.The young tender leaf of various green manure and withered leaf, containing abundant nutrient, once in soil decomposition, the organic matter in soil and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and various trace element can be increased in large quantities.

(2) difficultly soluble nutrient in soil can be made to transform, be beneficial to absorbing of crop.Green manure of the present invention compound thing in process of production and the organic acid turning over rear decomposition generation can make the phosphorus of insoluble in soil, potassium is converted into validity phosphorus, the potassium that crop can utilize.

(3) physical and chemical character of soil can be improved.After green manure ploughs under soil, under the effect of microorganism, constantly decompose, except discharging mass efficient nutrient, vegetable fibre also can form soil ulmin, and soil ulmin is combined with calcium and soil cementation can be made to become crumb structure, there is the loosing soil of crumb structure, breathe freely, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, and the performance of adjustment water, fertilizer, gas, heat is good, is conducive to plant growth.

(4) activity of soil microorganisms is promoted.After green manure is manured into soil, adds fresh organic energy substance, microorganism is bred rapidly, movable enhancing, promotes the formation of soil ulmin, the effectuation of nutrient, accelerates soil-ripening.

At present to the existing a small amount of research of green medicine fertilizer, as number of patent application: 200810017355.6 disclose a kind of biological multi-effect fertilizer, be made up of Herba Pileae Scriptae, the bark of ash, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pine needle, Radix Isatidis, golden cypress, aloe, humic acids and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mineral manure; The weight percent of component is: Herba Pileae Scriptae extract 1-2.5%, tuber of stemona extract 1-2.5%, golden cypress extract 1-2.5%, aloe extract 5-10%, pine needle 10-15%, Radix Isatidis 7-10%, bark of ash 7-10%, kuh-seng 10 one 15%, humic acids 15-20%, available nitrogen 10-20%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5-10%, potassium oxide 5-10%.Herbal medicine sterilization and disinsection of the present invention, safety non-pollution, combination of pesticide and fertilizer, can be widely used in the cash crop such as corn, cotton, rape, peanut, beans and silkworm and mulberry, tea woods, fruit tree, various vegetables.

As number of patent application: 200910000714.1 disclose a kind of Chinese herbal medicine multifunctional organic fertilizer, are made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: Chinese medicinal ingredients 5, organic substance 95; Described Chinese medicinal ingredients is made up of the Chinese medicinal materials of following weight fraction: 10-15%, trypterygine 15-18%, radix aconiti agrestis 15-18%, kerria's seed 20-22%, Chinese honey locust 5-15%, the tuber of stemona 5-7% such as kuh-seng 15-20%, Huang; Described organic substance is made up of the raw material of following weight fraction: dregs of beans 15.8%, alditol slag 21%, agricultural residues powder 31.6%, plant ash 31.6%.Chinese herbal medicine multifunctional organic fertilizer production technique of the present invention is simple, and comprehensive one-tenth wood is low, applied widely.

Current existing green medicine fertilizer is not developed for certain farm crop specially, and its specific aim is not strong.

Three, summary of the invention

For above the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides green medicine fertilizer of a kind of environmental vegetables and preparation method thereof.The green medicine fertilizer of these environmental vegetables achieves " turning waste into wealth ", " fertile medicine unification ", has the function of rehabilitating soil, low-carbon (LC) safety; And vegetables desired nutritional element can be supplied comprehensively.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The green medicine of a kind of organic vegetable is fertile,

(1) weight part of raw material consists of:

Chinese prickly ash leaf 3-8 part,

Pomegranate leaf 8-13 part,

Folium Pterocaryae 5-15 part,

Walnut leaf 5-15 part,

Wheat bran 1-5 part

(2) the green medicine fertilizer of described environmental vegetables produced according to the following steps by the raw material getting described weight part:

A) get Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani, Folium Pterocaryae, pomegranate leaf, walnut leaf clean according to above-mentioned weight in the NaCl aqueous solution, dry; B) leaf dried and wheat bran are stirred after prepare 1 decile mother of vinegar cold water 100kg being diluted in whipping process and evenly spray (the mother of vinegar liquid after every 100kg dilution can process 1000 kilograms of leaves and wheat bran (or rice hulls) mixture).C) with plastics film compost covered airtight good after with wheat (or paddy rice) stalk, compost is wrapped (lucifuge), until compost fermentation become thoroughly decomposed and get final product (can smell wine, vinegar fragrance time).D) preparation of mother of vinegar: 1 decile mother of vinegar culture medium prescription: edible ethanol 3-4ml, glucose 0.4g, yeast extract paste 1g, calcium carbonate 1.5g, agar 1.5g, water 100g.Cultivate: cultivate after 2 days at 30 DEG C, Refrigerator store (4 DEG C).

Wherein one of meet the following conditions, be described compost maturity:

1) compost become thoroughly decomposed is in yellow or tawny;

2) black liquor is had to discharge;

3) volume ratio of compost comparatively decreases 2/3 to 1/2 before compost;

4) fragrance of wine, vinegar can be smelt

The heap rotten time of described compost is generally 10 days to 25 days.

Described step a) gets Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani, Folium Pterocaryae, pomegranate leaf, walnut leaf clean in the NaCl aqueous solution according to above-mentioned weight, dries;

The method of environmental vegetables of the present invention green medicine fertilizer fertilising carries out whole layer placement of fertilizer: the 65%-70% of fertile for medicine total amount is made base manure, rakes the soil level after spreading fertilizer over the fields, whole; At young fruit period remaining medicine fertilizer topdressed and carry out whole layer placement of fertilizer.The fertile total amount of described medicine determines, for being generally 450 kgs/acre-600 kgs/acre according to the fertility state of vegetable fields, varieties of plant attribute, cultivation technique and design output.

The present invention will be further explained below:

Chinese prickly ash of the present invention is rutaceae green pepper and Chinese prickly ash; Described willow is the full section of Dilleniidae Salix; Described pomegranate tree is the full section of Punicaceae; Described walnut is the full section of white walnut.

1. the control effect and mechanism (pharmacological action) of green manure selected by:

" 1 " Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani Advances on Effective Compositions:

A) chemical composition of Chinese materia medica of Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani: Chinese prickly ash contains volatile oil, alkaloid, acid amides, tonka bean camphor, flavonoid compound, lipid acid, sterol, lignanoid etc., as Quercetin-3-rhamnoside, Hyperoside, miscandenin, palmitinic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, β-sitosterol, nonacosane etc.

Fu Chenmei etc. are to Chinese prickly ash research, and it mainly contains chemical composition is volatile oil, alkaloid, acid amides, tonka bean camphor, lipid acid etc., isolates olefines, alcohols, ketone, epoxy compounds class and ester class from volatile oil.Chinese prickly ash contains the amide substance that a large amount of numb taste is insoluble in water: hydroxy-beta-sanshool, hydroxyl-γ-sanshool, hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool, γ-sanshool, 2 '-hydroxy-n-isobutyl--2.4.8.10.12-tetradecane nonenamide, 2 '-hydroxy-n-isobutyl--2.4.8.11-tetradecane pentaene acid amides, 2 '-hydroxy-n-isobutyl--2.6.8.10-22 carbon tetraene acid amides, 2 '-hydroxy-n-isobutyl--2.6.8.10-dodecane tetraene acid amides, N-para hydroxybenzene ylmethyl-2.7-dimethyl-2.6 octadiene acid amides, alkaloids has quinoline, isoquinilone derivatives, benzophenanthrene piperidine derivatives, β-fagarine, 6-methoxyl group-5.6 dihydrochelerythrine, vanilla lemon alkali, conjunction Pa Luoping alkali, specially-N-methyl-white chelerythrine, Paracymene, 2,5-1.1-dimethyl ethyl thiophene, piperitone, lipid acid, lignanoid, Quercetin-3-rhamnoside, Quercetin 3-galactoside, miscandenin, palmitinic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, β-sitosterol etc.

B) research such as Zheng Jin Chinese prickly ash contains natural nitrogenous compounds alkaloid, as quinoline, isoquinilone derivatives, benzophenanthrene piperidine derivatives, Carbostyril derivative, exist mainly with free and quaternary amine form, find that there is β-fagarine, green pepper alkali, vanilla lemon, handkerchief Lip river equality, green pepper alkali is 4-quinolinones alkaloid; Chinese prickly ash also containing the chain unsaturated fatty acids amides of numb taste main source, Here it is sanshool; The coumarin kind compounds such as the lactone of Chinese prickly ash also containing adjacent hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID; Chinese prickly ash is also containing the dual-ring phase structure that bimolecular phenyl propanoid derivative is polymerized; Triterpene, sterol, alkane, flavonoid glycoside etc.

C) Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani infusion and extract thereof all have restraining effect to streptococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilus, sarcine, escherichia coli, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, alpha streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae, hemophilus influenza, streptococcus meningitidis etc.; Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani (pericarp) aqueous extract has obvious restraining effect to Gram-positives such as Gram-negative enteric pathogenic bacterium and streptococcus aureus such as dysentery bacteriums addicted to oxygen bacterium; Xanthoxylin significantly can suppress the generation of platelet adhesion reaction and glycerol (MDA); The alcohol extract of Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani (pericarp) has antitumour activity; Chinese prickly ash pericarp volatile oil has narcotic analgesic effect, inhibited to diphtheria corynebacterium, anthrax bacillus, pneumococcus, streptococcus aureus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some dermatophytes; Also there is the effect killing ascaris suum.Yu Bailiang (1998) have studied xanthoxylum oleoresin to several mould, bacterium, saccharomycetic minimum inhibitory concentration, have detected the active pH scope of xanthoxylum oleoresin, and has carried out antibacterial efficacy with spice powder and Sodium Benzoate and compare; Cheng Bo etc. determine the germicidal action of pericarpium zanthoxyli volatile oil to some pathomycete, result display pericarpium zanthoxyli volatile oil all has certain antibacterial and germicidal action to 11 kinds of dermatophytosiss and 4 kinds of deep fungals, wherein with wool sample sporidiole bacteria and trichophyton the most responsive, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is lower than 0.1 μ L/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MFC) is 0.1 μ L/mL.Experiment also confirms that moon Gui Dan Zhuo ketone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can promote that volatile oil enters in fungal cell, accelerate necrocytosis;

D) in addition Chinese prickly ash also has other using value: (1) insect-pest: pepper volatile oil to sitophilus zea-mais, intend the storage pests such as ostomatid and grain storage aspergillus, mould has prevention effect; (2) anti-oxidant: to add in the animal-plant oil such as lard and can grease-proof ruin; (3) bacteriostatic action: as previously mentioned, can have stronger restraining effect to mould, bacterium, yeast etc.; The preventive effect to sitophilus zea-mais, red flour beetle grain storage aspergillus and mould is studied to the crude extract of Chinese prickly ash and volatile oil for (1970) and the Jiang little Long etc. (1992) such as Zhu Guoyi (1981), I Sinko; The people such as Lu Chunming (1995,1996) composition of Chinese prickly ash ethereal extract is studied, and think that β-phellandrene in pepper volatile oil and linalool are the active ingredients of killing confused flour beetle adult, confused flour beetle adult can be made to produce nervosa poison, virulence than common pesticides Malathion and triumphant security much better than, and research finds that in pepper volatile oil, β-phellandrene content is the highest, reach 12.97%, phantol content is 2.09%;

E) Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani water extract also has the function suppressing weed growth.In the plant of section more than 30, find that hundreds of has the natural phant toxin of weeding activity in the world at present.Botanical herbicides effective constituent is mainly quinone phenols, alkaloids, cinnamic acid, coumarins, thiophene-based, flavonoid class, terpenes, amino acids etc. in structure chemically.

F) reference:

(1) Zhang Quan, yellow wise, Min Zhongcheng etc. the progress of the uracil compound of [J] tool weeding activity. agricultural chemicals, 2006,45 (2), 73-77.

(2) Mao Jingying, Yan Zhenling. " plant-growth regulator principle of adjustment and control and practical technique ". Chinese agriculture press, in January, 2005 first version.

(3) Li Xiaofei, Feng Huacheng. administer the natural compounds [J] of weeds. world pesticide, 2000.22 (3): 20-24.

(4) by the development and utilization [J] of the natural weeds compound of state of shaking. weeds journal, 1993.7 (2): 40-48.

(5)Boyeue?C?D，etal.Progress?in?the?productionnnulation，andapplication?of?myco?herbicides[A]lIn：Tebeest?D01Microbial?control?ofweed[M]1New?York：Chapman?andHall，1991，209-222.

(6) Li Wei, Xiao Xianglin, Zhang Danyan, conventional Chinese medicine thin-layer chromatography qualification [M]. Beijing. chemical industry press, 2005:196

(7) Fu Chenmei, Kan Jianquan, Chen Zongdao, China of State of Zhao, the composition Study of Chinese prickly ash and application [J] thereof, Food Additives Used in China, 2003 (4): 83-84

(8) Wang Shuangui, Zhao Jingxian, Bi Jun, Zhi Enbo, the present Research of domestic and international Chinese prickly ash and development trend [J] thereof, Inner Mongol forestry science and technology, 2003 (2): 32-34

(9) Chen Zhende, Xu Chongyuan, Xie Li. the research [J] of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction pepper volatile oil chemical composition. CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 2001,26 (10): 687-688

(10) Liu Suolan, the analysis [J] of two kinds of medicinal pepper volatile oils, CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 1991,16 (6): 359-360

(11) Zheng Jin, Zhang Lijuan, Chinese prickly ash Medicinal Study Development [J], Liaoning University of TCM's journal, 2008 (11): 69-71

(12) Sun little Wen. Duan Zhixing. Zanthoxylum medicinal plants study progress ∞. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica .1996,31 (3): 231.

(13) Zhang Mingfa. Fan Rongpei, Guo Huiling. etc. drugs for dispelling internal cold analgesic activity research (J). the Shaanxi traditional Chinese medical science.1989；(10)：231.

(14) Zhang Mingfa. Shen Yaqin, Zhu Ziping, etc. Chinese prickly ash antalgic and warming middle-JIAO to stop diarrhea pharmacological research (J). Chinese medicinal materials.1994。17(2)：37.

(15) Chang Zhiqing. Wang Shuling, Hao Changyuan, etc. bacterium taro alkali analgesia, separate cancer and sedative effect (J). Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.1982，(3)：163.

(16) Tong Ruxin. etc. Liaoning pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii and pericarpium zanthoxyli acute toxicity pharmacological action comparative studies [J] Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1995.22(8)：371.373.

(17) Tong Ruxin, king's sauce people. Zhang Huiying. etc. the pharmacological experiment study (J) of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii activeconstituents bergapten. Chinese Chinese materia medica information magazine .1999; 6 (10): 30.

(18) Sun Hongfan, etc. the research U of Chinese prickly ash blocking nerves impulse action]. Guizhou medicine, 1990;

" 2 " pomegranate leaf Advances on Effective Compositions:

(1) the effective medicinal ingredients of Pomegranate Leaf:

Bibliographical information has been separated and has obtained more than 20 and plant compound from Pomegranate Leaf, comprises ursolic acid, ginkgolic acid, Betulinic acid, N.F,USP MANNITOL, flavonoid glycoside compound, sprout money tannin and Ellagitannins etc. (4).Investigator be separated first obtain ellagic acid (sighing-1), brevifolin (sighing-2), gallic acid (sighing-3) and Reseda odorata 4 '-.--glucoside (sighing-5), tannins mainly contains polyenzyme, tannin, pelletierine, isoquercitrin, resin, N.F,USP MANNITOL, gallic acid etc., and containing multiple amino acids and various trace elements.

(2) antiviral, the bacteriostatic action of Pomegranate Leaf:

According to related documents report, a. antivirus action: the main active ingredient tannin in Pomegranate Leaf, be a kind of water-soluble polyhydric phenols with precipitating proteins characteristic, antiviral functions utilizes this characteristic exactly.Virus inoculation after Pomegranate Leaf (skin) water extract of different concns and cytosis 2h, result shows, along with the reinforcement of concentration, antivirus action is strengthened.The Pomegranate Leaf water decoction gelatin microsphere having anti-HSV-2 (II herpes simplex virus type) to act on is eliminated the tannin composition of Pomegranate Leaf, in pomegranate liquid, antivirus action obviously weakens.

B. anti-microbial effect: the tannin of Pomegranate Leaf can solidify the protoplasma of microbe and multiple enzyme because of it, has restraining effect to various bacterium and fungi.Zhou Benhong etc. carry out clinical study to each component of tannin in Pomegranate Leaf to gonococcus susceptibility, prove that pomegranate rind has obvious restraining effect to gonococcus.Pomegranate Leaf among the people is often used by people to treatment diarrhoea, dysentery, aphtha, abscess, pharyngalgia, urinary tract inflammation, scabies, skin injury and hemostasis etc.

C. reference:

(1) State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese herbal editorial committee. book on Chinese herbal medicine (the 5th volume) extra large science tech publishing house of China

(2) Li Dingge, Zhang Kui, Lin Qingyi, etc. the experimental study ^ Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica that Pomegranate Leaf affects digestive function, 1998,14 (0:35 6

(3) Li Dingge, Zhang Zengmin, Chen Xiaojian, etc. the Pomegranate Leaf water logging agent research (Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica) to rat tolerance secretion and tentative stomach ulcer effect

(4) Hu Wei, Dai Wei, Yang Yumei, etc. pomegranate rind is studied the antibacterial experiment in vitro of helicobacter pylori.The Academic Journal of Kunming Medical College, 25 8

(5) Li Dingge, Su Chuanqin, Sun Li, etc. the research of Pomegranate Leaf adjusting blood lipid and scavenging activated oxygen effect. Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University's journal: 380 9

(6) discriminate the Meng, Sun Lihong, Chen Yunyun, etc. Pomegranate Leaf tannin is on the lipometabolic impact of hyperlipidemia blood sugar animal pattern. Chinese experimental pharmacology of traditional Chinese medical formulae magazine

(7) Li Yunfeng, Guo Changjiang, Yang Jijun, etc. Punica granatum L. extract is to the comparison of oxidative stress Efficacy of Protecting Vascular Endothelial. Chinese Clinical rehabilitation, 2006

(8) Zhang Jie, Zhan Ping Yan, Yao Xuejun, etc. the effect of Chinese medicine Tannin in Punica granatum L composition anti-sexual organ simplexvirus. CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA,

(9) Zhou Benhong, Liu Chun, Chen Lei, etc. pomegranate rind is to gonococcus Study of Sensitivity.Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 65

(10) Pomegranate Leaf and pomegranate rind pharmacology activity research progress Du Xin, Ye Shengying (No.254 Hospital, PLA, Tianjin 300142)

(3) chemical composition of vinegar

Vinegar is the aqueous solution of 3% ~ 5% (massfraction) of acetic acid.In addition to acetic acid, general some micro substances containing other.Concrete material has the potassium of acetic acid, calcium, sodium, ferrous salt, amino acid, lactic acid (2 hydroxy propanoic acid, lactic acid CH3CHOHCOOH), pyruvic acid (acetyl formic acid CH3COCOOH), formic acid (formic acid HCOOH), Sorbic Acid (2, 4-Sorbic Acid) oxysuccinic acid (hydroxy-butanedioic acid), citric acid (2-hydroxy propane tricarboxylic acid), succsinic acid acid (succinic acid HOOCCH2CH2COOH), oxalic acid (oxalic acid HOOCCOOH), oxaloacetic acid, glucose, fructose, maltose, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, higher alcohols, 3-Hydroxybutanone, otan, tyrosol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetal, VITMAIN B1, B2, C etc.

(4) sterilization mechanism of vinegar is: low pH value (less than 2.7) and the high ORP (more than+1100mv) of acidic oxidized electric potential water, beyond the scope of various pathogenic micro-organism, and the membrane potential of its cell is changed, to cause the destruction of permeability of cell membrane enhancing and cellular metabolism enzyme, microorganism is dead rapidly.Meanwhile, the available chlorine of the 25 ~ 60mg/L contained in acidic oxidized electric potential water can more effectively pathogenic microbe killing.

(5) vinegar is broad-spectrum sterilization, fungistat: intestinal bacteria (Escherichia coli), gas bacillus (Aerobateraerogenes), streptococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), Bacterium prodigiosum (Bacillus prodigiosus).Viride (Trichoderma viride), koning trichoderma (Trichoderrnakoningii), mould (Penicillium glaucum), aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger).Cucumber anthracnose (Colletotrichumlagenarium), Plasmopara viticola (Plasmopara viticola), verticillium dahliae (Verricillium dahliae), P. capsici (Phytophthora capsici), fusarium graminearum (Fusariumgraminearum) and Valsa mali (Valsa mali)

(6) traditional Chinese medical science function of vinegar: the loose stasis of blood, hemostasis, removing toxic substances, desinsection.Come from " Mingyi Bielu ", Tang Materia Medica, supplement to the Herbal, Compendium of Material Medica:

" 3 " Folium Pterocaryae Advances on Effective Compositions:

A. the organic composition in Folium Pterocaryae: acetylsalicylic acid is a kind of medicine with effects such as antipyretic and analgesias that the mankind commonly use, and its formal name used at school is acetylsalicylic acid.The invention of Asprin originates from the willow be seen everywhere.Containing abundant natural medicinal component, as polysaccharide, flavones, phenol, vegetable-protein (little peptide), saponin(e, coumarin, alkaloid, steroidal, terpene, glycoside, the trace element of the chemical compositions such as organic acid, carotene, vitamin-E, caffeine and some needed by human, the people such as Yi Xing are separated first and obtain 3 flavonoid monomer compound from Cydocaryap paliurus (Baud.) Iljinsk.leaf: trifolitin (Kaempferol, I), Quercetin (Quercetin, and isoquercitrin (Isoquercitrin, III) II) ^[12], and by reversed-phased high performace liquid chromatographic, measure the content of wherein flavones, recording result is: in Cyclocarya paliurus methanol extract, flavones content is trifoliin 0.543%, Quercetin 0.0615%, trifolitin 0.0387%; Trifoliin 0.464% in water extract, Quercetin 0.0603%, trifolitin 0.0337%.This research has important theoretical significance and application value to the research of Cyclocarya paliurus flavones ingredient ^{[1] [6] [7]}.

The ethanol extraction of the people such as Zhang Xiaoqi to Cydocaryap paliurus (Baud.) Iljinsk.leaf is studied, obtain 6 compounds by multiple chromatographic separation, be accredited as respectively through physics and chemistry and spectral method: vanillic acid, phenylformic acid, trifolitin 3-O-β-D-glucopyra aldehydic acid glycosides, Quercetin, β-sitosterol and daucosterol.First three is planted compound and obtains for being separated first from this plant ^[21].The lipophilic moieties that Shu Rengeng etc. are rich in sweet taste from Cydocaryap paliurus (Baud.) Iljinsk.leaf extract isolates 20 monomeric compounds, identifies and infers the structure of 15 compounds.5 new compounds for nature discovery are: Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside I (cyclocarioside I), Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside II (cyclocarioside II), Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside III (cyclocariosideIII), cyclocarya paliurus acid I (cyclocaric acid I) and cyclocarya paliurus acid II (cyclocaric acid II).Other 10 is isolated known compound from this plant first, and they are respectively daucosterol (daucosterol), β-L-arabopyranose (β-L-Arabopyranose), caffeine (caffeine), β-steroid paddy alcohol (β-sitosterol), palmitinic acid (palmitic aacid), stearic acid (stearic acid), mountain Yu's acid (behenic acid), inositol (inositol), 2-α-urson (2-α-hydroxyl ursolic acid) and Arjunolic acid.Wherein Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside I (a kind of triterpenoid saponin) has sweet taste, and it is one of natural compounds with sweet taste found in the world, has very important researching value.The natural sweet taste chemical families that is found to be of Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside I adds new a member.The mainly sweet of Cyclocarya paliurus hides the triterpenoid saponin that composition is non-calorific value type, especially as the same with the stevioside in sweet Stevia in the glycyrrhizin in Radix Glycyrrhizae therefore, Cyclocarya paliurus glucoside natural sweeteners in exploitation Cyclocarya paliurus, better makes full use of this peculiar resource of China's Cyclocarya paliurus, is the emphasis of research and development ^{[22] [23]}.

Plant sterol (mainly Sitosterol, Stigmasterol etc.) is the material that a class has strong physiologically active, can effectively reduce cholesterol levels in serum, play the effect of the cardiovascular disordeies such as prevention and therapy hypertension, coronary heart disease; There is anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effect; There is the function blocking Induced by Carcinogen cancer cells and formed; Promote the synthesis of DNA and protein, suppress blood sugar to rise and promote to recover liver function; Promote sebum secretion and keep moisture, to maintain skin moisturizing, soft physiologically active and surfactivity etc.Open Luo dawn etc. from Cyclocarya paliurus root, isolate 5 compounds first, contrast by Spectrum Analysis and with the literature value of known compound, determine that their structure is respectively: (+)-catechu rope, Fructus Choerospondiatis glycosides, Himalayan pine rope 7-O-gives a tongue-lashing glucopyranoside glycosides, β-sitosterol and daucosterol.Wherein (+)-catechu rope has the drawing together property of the various hepatic diseases of antidiarrheal, removing toxic substances, hemostasis and treatment; β-sitosterol also has anticancer, effect such as reduction cholesterol, cough-relieving etc. ^{[24] [25]}.Triterpene substance also has very strong physiologically active, and as anti-inflammatory, analgesia, calm, antibacterial, antipyretic, expelling parasite, antiviral, anticancer hyperplasia, antianaphylaxis, anti-inflammatory, the metabolism of promotion liver, help and prevent the heart, blood, disease of brain from occurring etc.Zhong Rui to build etc. from Cydocaryap paliurus (Baud.) Iljinsk.leaf, has separated 3 pentacyclic triterpene compositions first, through physicochemical constant and spectroscopic analysis be: 2a-hydroxyursolic acid, 3-oxo-2a, 23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (cyclocarya paliurus acid B), arjunolic acid.Wherein cyclocarya paliurus acid B is a kind of new compound.The further research tool of the physiological active functions of Cyclocarya paliurus is had very important significance ^{[26] [27] [28]}.

B. control effect and mechanism: lactones has anticancer (nasopharyngeal carcinoma), leukemia, cholinolytic effect, antihistamine, step-down, antibacterial, antiulcer agent, hemostasis, expelling parasite, anti-Leptospira, brings down a fever, hypoglycemic effect of Denging: saponin has cardiac stimulant, vasodilator and antifatigue, reducing heart rate and Bipolar blood pressure effect promote the biosynthesizing of DNA and protein and lipid, slake thirst and help produce saliva, apocenosis is subsided a swelling, relieving sore throat and acesodyne, the effects such as antipyretic-antalgic; Coumarin has anticancer, antibacterial, diuresis and protection vascular permeability, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulation, and coronary artery dilator, improves blood circulation, and quench the thirst Eradicates phlegm, relievings asthma, and absorbs ultraviolet and radioprotective, desinsection, and analgesia is antipyretic, during wind resistance, and step-down, the effects such as antihistamine.Triterpene substance also has very strong physiologically active, and as anti-inflammatory, analgesia, calm, antibacterial, antipyretic, expelling parasite, antiviral, anticancer hyperplasia, antianaphylaxis, anti-inflammatory, the metabolism of promotion liver, help and prevent the heart, blood, disease of brain from occurring etc.

Above argument is enough to illustrate that Cyclocarya paliurus is a kind of functional medicinal plant.

C. reference:

[1] Xie Mingyong, Li Lei. Cyclocarya paliurus chemistry becomes and bioactivity research overview [J]. herbal medicine .2001,32 (4): 365 ~ 366

[2] easily wake up, Xie Mingyong, Wang Yuanxing, Deng Zeyuan, Huang Zhiyong. chromocor compound content [J] in rp-hplc determination Cyclocarya paliurus. University Of Nanchang's journal (natural sciences version) .2001,25 (2): 161 ~ 164

[3] Zhu Ben Feng, He Zhaodong, Wang Zhengfeng, Chen Ling. the general flavone content of Different sources Cyclocarya paliurus compares [J]. Strait Pharmaceutical Journal .2004,16 (3): 88 ~ 89

[4] Xie Mingyong, Yu Yingli, Wang Yuanxing, Yi Xing, Wang little Ru. Cyclocarya paliurus chromocor compound structure and content. University Of Nanchang's journal (natural sciences version) .2003,27 (1): 49 ~ 52

[5] Xie Mingyong, Wang Yuanxing, Yi Xing, Wang little Ru. chromocor compound structure and determination study in Cydocaryap paliurus (Baud.) Iljinsk.leaf. analytical chemistry research notes .2004,32 (8): 1053 ~ 1056

[6] Li Lei, Zhao Li, Xie Mingyong, Wang little Ru. Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide fraction biological activity and species analysis of elements thereof. Xiamen University's journal (natural science edition) .2002,42 (1): 73 ~ 77

[7] Shu Rengeng, Shu Jicheng, Liu Yufeng. the assay of polysaccharide in Cyclocarya paliurus tender leaf. Chinese Chinese materia medica information magazine .2005,12 (3): 45 ~ 46

[8] Li Lei, Xie Mingyong, Yi Xing, Wang little Ru. Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide fraction and hypoglycemic activity research thereof. Agricultural University Of Jiangxi's journal 2001,23 (4): 484 ~ 486

[9] easily wake up, stone is made contributions, and period-luminosity is male, Xie Mingyong. Cyclocarya paliurus chemical constitution study. and CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA .2002,27 (1): 43 ~ 45

[10] Peng Shanshan etc. the impact that the content of Mineral Elements in Oolong Tea and mode of making tea leach it

[11] Qin Meijie, He Weixiang, Guo Yanhua etc. effect of traditional tonic medicine and the research of Trace Element. trace elements and health studies .1998, and 15 (3): 18 ~ 49

[12] Li Lei, Xie Mingyong, Deng Zeyuan, Li Xiaoling, Wen Huiliang. the Primary Speciation of Cyclocarya paliurus inorganic elements. University Of Nanchang's journal (industry science version) .2000,22 (1): 74 ~ 77

[13] Zhang Xiaoqi, leaf literary talent, Yin Zhiqi, Zhang Zhenhua, Zhao Shouxun. the chemical constitution study of Cyclocarya paliurus. Chinese important magazine .2005,30 (10): 791 ~ 792

[14] Shu Rengeng. Cyclocarya paliurus plant chemical ingredient research notes. Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine journal .1996,8 (2): 34

[15] Shu Rengeng, Xu Changrui, Li Lianniang. the research of Cyclocarya paliurus sweet ingredient. medical journal .1995,30 (10): 757 ~ 761

[16] Luo dawn is opened, Liao Xun, Ding Lisheng. the chemical composition of Cyclocarya paliurus. application and environmental organism journal .2001,7 (1): 90 ~ 91

[17] Zhong Ruijian, Shu Rengeng, Ni little Lan, Xu Changrui, Li Lianniang. the structural research of cyclocarya paliurus acid A. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica .1991,31 (5): 398 ~ 400

[18] Zhong Ruijian, Gao Youheng, Xu Changrui, Li Lianniang. the research of pentacyclic triterpene composition in Cyclocarya paliurus. herbal medicine .1996,27 (7): 387 ~ 388

[19] Shu Rengeng, Liu Yufeng, Chen Jie, Shu Jicheng. the research of Triterpenoid in Cyclocarya paliurus plant. Chinese medicinal materials .2005,28 (7): 558 ~ 559

[20] Fang Shengzuo, Yang Wanxia. the exploitation of Cyclocarya paliurus and Resource Cultivation. forestry science and technology develops .2003, and 17 (1): 49 ~ 51

[21] Shu Rengeng, Xu Changrui, Li Lianniang. Cyclocarya paliurus chemical constitution study (I). Chinese medicinal materials .1996,18 (7): 351 ~ 352

" 4 " walnut leaf Advances on Effective Compositions:

(1) insecticidal action of walnut leaf active drug composition:

In alcohol extract from Juglans mandshurica Maxim leaves, main chemical compositions is regianin, and in alcohol extract from Juglans mandshurica Maxim leaves, the main active insecticidal components of chloroform extraction phase is the regianin that relative content is the highest, i.e. Nucin; Other active insecticidal components may be symmetrical 2,2 ' methylene radical 6-0,1-dimethylethyl justice-methyl bisphenol and 2-methoxyl group 4-Vinyl phenol.

The test such as Sun Molong proves that regianin has extremely strong insecticidal activity to the larva of gypsymoth and lopper worm and adult.

(2) bacteriostatic action of walnut leaf active drug composition:

Zhai Meizhi etc. have stronger restraining effect to Walnut Leaves ethanol extraction (compound such as juglanin, limonene, gallic acid) for staphylococcus aureus, subtilis, bread mould etc.

B. Mechanism of fertilizer efficiency:

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:

A) high yield that the present invention mainly realizes environmental growing vegetables increases income (this falls in upgrading).Under the future not using agricultural chemicals, the guarantee organic vegetable of Maximum Safety can be gathered in the crops and have a good harvest.

B) problem on obstacle does in the company solved in Vegetable produce.Show: increase soil organic matter content and trace element.Particularly increase vegetables reproductive growth and the organotrophy element that must absorb of nourishing and growing: such as glucose, fructose, oligose, Nucleotide, VITAMIN, amino acid etc.These organotrophies are all be supplied to vegetable growth whole process in the humification process by green manure.

C) the active drug element possessed by green manure self suppresses the harmful microorganism in soil, improves soil microorganisms environment, reaches the chemical quality standard of repairing and improving soil.

D) by increasing humic acids in soil and vegetable fibre rehabilitating soil colloid and crumb structure proterties, P in soil H value is improved; Reach and repair and improve soil physics quality standard.

E) certain preventive and therapeutic effect is had to soil-borne disease.Because botanical fungicide is the plant defense element utilizing some antimicrobial substance or the induction generation contained in some plant, kills or effectively suppress growing of some pathogenic bacteria.Antimicrobial compounds in plant materials is the multiple secondary metabolite with anti-microbial activity that plant materials produces, and contains many different types such as alkaloids, flavonoid class, protein-based, organic acid and phenolic compound.

Four, embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The green medicine of the environmental vegetables of one described in the present embodiment is fertile, is made up of: Chinese prickly ash leaf 3kg, pomegranate leaf 8kg, Folium Pterocaryae 29kg, walnut leaf 25kg, wheat bran 15kg the raw material of following weight part (kg);

Preparation method comprises the following steps: operate according to parts by weight of raw materials proportioning:

E) the heap rotten time was 10 days to 25 days (being determined to become thoroughly decomposed the time by accumulated temperature total amount)

Wherein one of meet the following conditions, be described compost maturity:

(1). the compost become thoroughly decomposed is in yellow or tawny.

(2). there is brown or black liquor discharge.

(3). the volume ratio of compost comparatively decreases 2/3 to 1/2 before compost.

(4). the fragrance of wine, vinegar can be smelt.

Embodiment 2:

The green medicine of the environmental vegetables of one described in the present embodiment is fertile, is made up of: Chinese prickly ash leaf 4kg, pomegranate leaf 6kg, Folium Pterocaryae 35kg, walnut leaf 35kg, wheat bran 20kg the raw material of following weight part (kg).The preparation method of the green medicine fertilizer of a kind of environmental vegetables described in the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 with step.

Embodiment 3:

The green medicine of the environmental vegetables of one described in the present embodiment is fertile, is made up of: Chinese prickly ash leaf 3.5kg, pomegranate leaf 15kg, Folium Pterocaryae 26.5kg, walnut leaf 38kg, wheat bran 17kg the raw material of following weight part (kg).The preparation method of the green medicine fertilizer of a kind of environmental vegetables described in the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 with step.

Embodiment 4: application process is tested:

One, test objective

Using the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables in Muskmelon Growth rule, Resistant expression and yield result for exploring muskmelon, designing and implementing this test, for muskmelon green non-pollution and the production that organises provide scientific basis.

Two, test design

Adopt great Qu simultaneous test, namely whole process uses the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables (fertile hereinafter referred to as medicine) is process, and whole process uses chemical fertilizer for contrast (ck).Fertilization Structure two processes fertile with medicine in chemical fertilizer respectively and carries out base fertilizer and using of once topdressing.Process rate of fertilizer application is as table one.The base fertilizer of chemical fertilizer process (ck) is Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (N: P: K=22: 11: 12) with topdressing.The base fertilizer of medicine fertilizer process is medicine fertilizer with topdressing.Great Qu area is 667m ²; If three repetitions.

Process rate of fertilizer application tested by table one

Unit: kg/acre

Three, for examination material:

For examination melon variety: radix curcumae is fragrant, medicine fertilizer is green medicines fertilizer (green manure 40%+ farm manure 60%) of environmental vegetables, and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is that the general goods that market is bought is fertile.

Four, for examination field basic condition:

2 groups, Shui Zhai village, frontier passes and mountains town, Yanliang District, Xi'an is positioned at for examination field; Soil type is grey soil property hilltop soil.Earth in quality, soil fertility is medium; Front stubble is corn, per unit area yield 706 kilograms; Irrigation condition is excellent, and it is convenient to exchange.

Five, the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables and common chemical fertilizer are on the impact of Muskmelon Plants proterties: (see table two)

Table two green manure and chemical fertilizer contrast Muskmelon Plants proterties and test

Six, the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables and common chemical fertilizer are on the impact of melon fruit proterties: (see table three)

Table three green manure and chemical fertilizer contrast melon fruit proterties and test

Seven. the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables and common chemical fertilizer are on the impact of melon fruit quality: (see table four)

Table four green manure and chemical fertilizer contrast melon fruit quality and test

Eight, test-results economic characters and Yield compari@(see table five):

Table five, different treatment muskmelon economic characters and Yield compari@(3 are repeated mean value)

Nine, test-results resistance comparative analysis (see table six)

Whole muskmelon is observed and the performance of investigation two process resistance breeding time, key resistance list six.From table six, the process of environmental vegetables green medicine fertilizer is conducive to improving muskmelon comprehensive resistance, and finally directly or indirectly have influence on muskmelon fruiting rate and single melon weight, the Economic Characters of table five also demonstrates this point.

Table six resistance compares

Unit: %

Ten, discuss

1, this test shows, in medium fertility or field on the upper side, cultivation muskmelon, mu executes fertile 500 kilograms of the green medicine of environmental vegetables, can meet the demand of muskmelon to three large nutritive elements completely, realize high yield.

2, the green medicine fertilizer nutrient of environmental vegetables is complete, and especially potassium contents is high, and speed is slow, and to have both the lasting period long, muskmelon both can not have been caused to overgrow, also can not cause de-fertile early ageing.

3, relative chemical fertilizer, the fat effect of the green medicine of environmental vegetables is more slow, topdresses and should as far as possible early execute, under namely executing before muskmelon summit of growth occurs, would rather be fertile etc. seedling, can not the fertilizer such as seedling, to meet muskmelon normal growth demand.

11, sum up:

The comparative experiments of the fertile and common chemical fertilizer of the green medicine of environmental vegetables from muskmelon at tree characteristics (table two), fruit properties (table three), fruit quality (table four), economic characters and output (table five), resistance (table six) aspect: Muskmelon Planting is used the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables and show good Comprehensive Traits.Be in particular in: growth potential is strong, output is high, fruit glossiness is good, fruit shape is attractive in appearance, disease resistance is strong, the thin meat of skin is thick, sugariness is high, aromatising flavour is dense.Illustrate that in fruits and vegetables are produced, use the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables decreases the pollution of agrochemical thing to farm environment, has saved investment of production, has been conducive to promoting that green, organic farm products is produced, also improves farm crop resistance simultaneously, optimize quality thus.Therefore, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing green organic medicine is fertile, is the important step of Developing Sustainable Agriculture and circulation, sustainable agriculture.

Claims

1. the green medicine of environmental vegetables is fertile, it is characterized in that:

(1) weight part of raw material consists of:

Chinese prickly ash leaf 3-8 part,

Pomegranate leaf 8-13 part,

Folium Pterocaryae 5-15 part,

Walnut leaf 5-15 part,

Wheat bran 1-5 part

A) get Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani, Folium Pterocaryae, pomegranate leaf, walnut leaf clean according to above-mentioned weight in the NaCl aqueous solution, dry; B) leaf dried and wheat bran are stirred after prepare 1 decile mother of vinegar cold water 100kg being diluted in whipping process and evenly spray (the mother of vinegar liquid after every 100kg dilution can process 1000 kilograms of leaves and bran mixture).C) with plastics film compost covered airtight good after with wheat (or paddy rice) stalk, compost is wrapped (lucifuge), until compost fermentation become thoroughly decomposed and get final product (can smell wine, vinegar fragrance time).D) preparation of mother of vinegar: 1 decile mother of vinegar culture medium prescription: edible ethanol 3-4ml, glucose 0.4g, yeast extract paste 1g, calcium carbonate 1.5g, agar 1.5g, water 100g.Cultivate: cultivate after 2 days at 30 DEG C, Refrigerator store (4 DEG C).

2. the green medicine of environmental vegetables is fertile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, one of meets the following conditions, be described compost maturity:

A) compost become thoroughly decomposed is in yellow or tawny;

B) black liquor is had to discharge;

C) volume ratio of compost comparatively decreases 2/3 to 1/2 before compost;

D) fragrance of wine, vinegar can be smelt.

3. the green medicine of environmental vegetables is fertile according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the described fermentation maturity time is 10 days to 25 days.

4. the green medicine of environmental vegetables is fertile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step a) gets Folium Zanthoxyli Bungeani, Folium Pterocaryae, pomegranate leaf, walnut leaf clean in the NaCl aqueous solution according to above-mentioned weight, dries.

5. the method for the green medicine fertilizer of the described environmental vegetables of one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, carry out whole layer placement of fertilizer: the 65%-70% of fertile for medicine total amount is made base manure, rakes the soil level after spreading fertilizer over the fields, whole; At young fruit period remaining medicine fertilizer topdressed and carry out whole layer placement of fertilizer.

6. the method for the green medicine fertilizer of environmental vegetables according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the fertile total amount of described medicine is 450 kgs/acre-600 kgs/acre.