A kind of Propogation and culture method of swamp eel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of fish in agriculture field, and in particular to a kind of ecology of swamp eel is semi-artificial numerous
Grow breeding method.
Background technology
Swamp eel is liked inhabiting in pond, stream and rice field, is the ominivore-fish based on animal food.Mesh
Before, the artificial breeding of swamp eel is more and more, but the Propogation and culture method of its system is than relatively limited, and most of Propogation and culture
Method is not perfect so that the spawning rate of swamp eel is low, and the growth rate of seedling is low, and swamp eel the sick and death rate it is higher the deficiencies of.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Propogation and culture method of swamp eel, this method is raised and train using wild young eel,
Propogation and culture is carried out again, and the spawning rate of this method is high, and fishing for for seedling so that seedling is healthier with breeding method, significantly improves
Growth rate reduces its sick and death rate;In addition, the setting in breeding pond and culture pond, for successful reproduction and cultivates swamp eel
Play the role of very important.
The purpose of the present invention is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Propogation and culture method of swamp eel, the breeding method include the following steps:
S1:Breed pond:The breeding pond be set to have abundant water resources, environment is good, pollution-free noiseless place, the breeding pond
Length is 2 meters wide 0.4 meter 1 meter high, and inner wall is smooth cement inner wall, and bottom surface is in inclined-plane, wherein lower one end is equipped with draining
Pipe, higher one end are equipped with water inlet pipe;
S2:Breed pond pre-treatment:Dealkalize processing is carried out 1. putting clear water in breeding pond and impregnating 25~35 days, and water is arranged
Go out;2. the soil in Tanaka or old man is dried, in the breeding pond in placing into step 1., clear water is added and impregnates, wherein mud
The thickness of soil is 25~30cm, and the height of water is to be higher by 5~6cm of soil, then plants 4~7 plants of water hyacinth grass again;3. to breeding
Pond carry out disinfection desinsection processing;4. carrying out water quality cultivation using photosynthetic bacteria and algae to the water in breeding pond reaches cultivation swamp eel
Optimum state adjusts water temperature to 20~30 DEG C, and the pH value of water is 6.8~7.2, and the water for breeding pond keeps fine bourn;
S3:Parent swamp eel is cultivated:1. being used as parent swamp eel after wild swamp eel is carried out artificial domestication, and by it before May
Input breeding pond, density are:3~4 tails/m2, wherein female swamp eel: realgar eel=1~3: 1;2. bait:Uniform feeding, it is average every
A feeding point is arranged in square meter, which includes fly maggot, earthworm, water earthworm and fresh fish;The amount of each bait throwing in material is swamp eel
The 5~6% of weight;
S4:Ovulation induction:It feeds and urges ovum plain, 150mg is mixed in every kilogram of bait urges ovum plain, even feeds and feeds 30~40
It;
S5:It hastens parturition:Oxytocic drug includes luliberin (LHRH-A2) and dioxone (DOM);Select the female of maturation
Swamp eel carries out injection oxytocic drug, and after 24 hours, injection oxytocic drug is carried out to realgar eel;
S6:Swamp eel seedling:1. culture pond:Size is 2 square metres, and depth is 40~60 centimetres, the bottom surface in culture pond and side
Face is smooth, is capped sunshade net above culture pond in order to avoid Qiang Guangmeng shines, and plants one plant or several plants of water hyacinths in culture pond, in culture pond
The depth of water be 5~6cm, the water keep miniflow;2. after injecting oxytocic drug, yarn is used after finding foam 10~15 days in breeding pond
Cloth fishes for swamp eel seedling, and puts to culture pond, throw-in density:1000~3000 tails/square meter;3. the 1st~7 day, feeding a chicken
Yolk, every square metre of egg yolk, feeds water earthworm after 7 days, every square metre feeds 8~12g, preferably 10g.
Further, the inclined-plane described in step S1 is the inclined-plane of east-west direction.
Further, in step S2 using clean up the pond antivirus only and leech clearly to breeding pond carry out disinfection desinsection handle.
Further, the ratio of the female swamp eel described in step S3 and realgar eel is 2: 1.
Further, it is dihydropyridine that ovum element is urged described in step S4.
Further, in step S5, the oxytocic drug injection volume of female swamp eel is:LHRH-A28~30mg/ tails, DOM
3.3mg/ tail;The injection volume of realgar eel is the half of female swamp eel injection volume.
Further, in step S5, the method for swamp eel injection oxytocic drug is:With the cotton gloves or dry towel of anti-skidding softness
Hold parent swamp eel, by its anus at the spinal muscles of 3~5cm with iodophor disinfection, syringe needle be in 45 degree of angles at spinal muscles
It is injected.
Further, when the realgar eel injection, after oxytocic drug is diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride (i.e. physiological saline) again
It is injected.
Further, the method for fishing for swamp eel seedling is;If water temperature be less than 25 DEG C, breeding pond in find foam after 13~
Fish for swamp eel seedling within 15 days;If water temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, swamp eel seedling is fished within 10~12 days after finding foam in breeding pond;It fishes for
When, the water bred in pond is slowly allowed to dry, the water plant by foam is gently pushed aside, swamp eel seedling is fished for the small spoon that gauze is made, and
It is put into ready culture pond and is cultivated.
Further, the specific feeding method of egg yolk is:A cooked egg is taken, Egg-white is removed, egg is used double
Layer gauze encases, and is rubbed in the box equipped with clear water, keeps egg yolk soluble in water, egg yolk is uniformly spread across in culture pond,
Every square metre of egg yolk.
The present invention provides a kind of Propogation and culture method of swamp eel, mainly have the advantage that for:The present invention uses
Wild children's eel is raised and train, then carries out Propogation and culture, and the spawning rate of this method is high, that is, the amount for breeding swamp eel seedling is relatively more and small
Fish for and the breeding method of seedling so that seedling is healthier, and can significantly improve the growth rate of swamp eel, and it is sick and dead to reduce its
Rate;In addition, the setting in breeding pond and culture pond, plays the role of successful reproduction and cultivation swamp eel very important;The breeding
Breeding method has important application value.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of breeding method of swamp eel described in the embodiment of the present invention illustrates by taking specific experiment case as an example specific below
Embodiment, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, is not used to limit this hair
It is bright.
Embodiment 1:Breed pond
Breeding pond be preferably disposed on have abundant water resources, that beautiful environment is pollution-free, the noiseless place of surrounding, breeding pond length 2
Rice is wide 0.4 meter 1 meter high, and the side wall of bottom surface and surrounding is smooth cement inner wall, and bottom surface is in inclined-plane, which is preferably east
West to inclined-plane;Wherein, the drainpipe of curved head type is equipped in lower one end of bottom surface, higher one end is equipped with water inlet pipe,
It is convenient for discharge water in this way.
Breed pond pre-treatment:Clear water is put in breeding pond and impregnates progress dealkalize processing in 25~35 days, is preferably impregnated one month,
And water is discharged.Then the soil in Tanaka or old man is positioned in concrete floor and is dried, placed into breeding pond, is added clear
Water impregnates, and has to breed the soil in pond and steeps to softness, without sandstone;Wherein, the thickness of the soil in breeding pond is preferably
25~30cm, the highly preferred of water are higher by 5~6cm of soil, then plant 4~7 plants of water hyacinth grass again, preferably plant 5 plants of water calabashes
Reed grass.And using clean up the pond antivirus only and leech clearly to breeding pond carry out disinfection desinsection handle.The hydromining in breeding pond is used up again
Combined bacteria and algae carry out water quality cultivation and reach fertile, living, tender, refreshing, that is, reach the optimum state of culturing rice field eel, the water in the breeding pond is excellent
Choosing keeps the state of fine bourn, and by lower water temperature to 20~30 DEG C, the pH value of water is 6.8~7.2.
Embodiment 2:Parent swamp eel is cultivated
Parent swamp eel for breeding preferably selects wild swamp eel progress a period of time that upper one year or early spring current year are purchased
Artificial domestication can adapt to propagate artificially completely because launch parent swamp eel need certain laundering period after can send out
It educates and improves and smoothly lay eggs;Then selected before May it is physical strong, fall off without scar, body surface smooth, without mucus, without parasite
Swamp eel input breeding pond, generally, south must be launched before April, and parent swamp eel is thrown to no more than May by side by north at the latest
Pond is bred, throw-in density is 5~8 tail swamp eel of every 2 square meter, wherein female swamp eel: realgar eel=1~3: 1, preferably 2: 1;About
The judgement of male and female:Since swamp eel has the characteristic of sex reversal, the hermaphroditic stage is generally for the swamp eel of 40~45cm, is not being had
Before the formal season for reaching breeding, swamp eel of the body length less than 36cm is substantially female swamp eel throughout the country, and body length is more than
The substantially realgar eel of 47cm;When mating period arrives, female swamp eel shows as that head is smaller, the crown is without protuberance, body ridge
Portion is speckless, anus has micro- swollen, and it is netted that the head of realgar eel is larger, crown protuberance is apparent, body spine has color spot, abdomen to have
Trace of blood shape line and anus are without redness etc..
The bait of parent swamp eel:Feeding a little will be uniformly so that parent swamp eel can uniformly search for food, and average is set per square meter
Set a bait throwing in shots, then uniform feeding, the bait generally with fly maggot, earthworm, water earthworm and fresh fish etc. it is fresh can
Based on mouth bait;The weight of each bait throwing in material is the 5~6% of swamp eel weight, the overfertilization that cannot feed parent swamp eel, in order to avoid influence
Reproductive effect.
Embodiment 3:Ovulation induction
Since the egg laying amount of swamp eel is small, there is the habit that primary bosom ovum is laid eggs in batches, therefore it is preferred that start to feed in the first tenday period of a month in May
Urge ovum plain, it is preferably dihydropyridine that this, which urges ovum element, and 150mg is mixed in every kilogram of bait urges ovum plain, even feeds and feeds 30~40
It, can be improved the egg laying amount of parent swamp eel, and most of ripe ovum grain in parent's swamp eel abdomen disposably can be discharged.
Embodiment 4:It hastens parturition
It hastens parturition for ripe parent swamp eel injection oxytocic drug, the mark of female swamp eel maturation:From abdomen it can be seen that
Free ovum grain, ovum grain, which expands, illustrates maturation;Oxytocic drug includes LHRH-A2 (i.e. luliberin) and (i.e. the Europe DOM
Ketone);Oxytocic drug injection volume for ripe female swamp eel is:LHRH-A2:8~30mg/ tails, DOM:3.3mg/ tails, will after injection
It places into breeding pond and waits producing;After about 24 hours, realgar eel is injected, the injection volume of realgar eel is injected for female swamp eel
The half of amount, and when the injection of realgar eel, need to be by oxytocic drug 0.9%NS (i.e. 0.9% sodium chloride or 0.9% physiological saline))
It carries out after dilution, is equally placed into pond after having injected again.Above-mentioned is that the specific method that swamp eel is injected is:Operator
It wears the cotton gloves of anti-skidding softness or holds parent swamp eel with dry towel, injection person is first by the position iodophor disinfection of injection, injection
More than the preferred swamp eel anus in position at the spinal muscles of 3~5cm, syringe needle is stabbed diagonally at spinal muscles in 45 degree angles when injection, depth
Degree is 2~5mm, is slowly injected, and after having injected once with dry cotton swab pressure, specific depth is depending on the size of swamp eel.One
As for, realgar eel has been injected reenter pond 24 hours after, just have orpiment eel oviposition.
Embodiment 5:Swamp eel seedling
Culture pond:Its size is 2 square metres, and depth is 40~60 centimetres, square or rectangular, preferably with cement
Based on pond, the bottom surface in culture pond and smooth-sided compression candles, capping sunshade net above culture pond is in order to avoid Qiang Guangmeng shines, plantation in culture pond
One plant or several plants of water hyacinth grass are hidden oneself so that swamp eel can all pierce in the root of water plant;The depth of water in culture pond is 5
~6cm, the water preferably remain miniflow state.
The transfer of swamp eel seedling:After injecting oxytocic drug, it should be noted that observation breeding pond, discovery have do immediately after foam it is easy to remember
Record, and swamp eel seedling is fished on time;Dragging for the specific time of seedling should determine according to water temperature when laying eggs, if water temperature is less than 25 DEG C,
Swamp eel seedling is fished for after then finding foam in breeding pond within 13~15 days;If water temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, foam is found in breeding pond
Fish for swamp eel seedling within 10~12 days afterwards;When fishing for, the water bred in pond should be slowly allowed to dry, gently push the water plant by foam aside, used
The small spoon that gauze is made dips swamp eel seedling, should be as possible without soil when dipping these swamp eel seedlings, and action is not too big,
In order to avoid influencing other swamp eels, then swamp eel seedling is put into ready culture pond and is cultivated, when just starting, the dispensing of swamp eel seedling
Density is 1000~3000 tails/square meter, and as time increases, the growth of swamp eel seedling is gradually reduced throw-in density.
Swamp eel seedling is fed:In being cultivated at the initial stage of swamp eel seedling, throw-in density is larger, therefore in the dispensing of swamp eel seedling
Initial stage should carry out nutritional supplementation, the method for launching egg yolk by the way of feeding egg yolk in culture pond:One is taken to be cooked
Egg, remove Egg-white, egg encases with double gauze, rubbed in the box equipped with clear water, keeps egg yolk soluble in water, will
Egg yolk is uniformly spread across in culture pond, every square metre of egg yolk, and water can be directly fed after using 7 days or so, 7 days always
Earthworm, every square metre feeds 8~12g, preferably 10g, and the water earthworm must sterilize, and is fresh running water earthworm.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone under the inspiration of the present invention made by the related present invention
Any modification or change, it is every have technical solution identical or similar to the present application, all fall within the present invention protection model
Within enclosing.