CN105229696A - 用于多维数据存取的并行存储器 - Google Patents
用于多维数据存取的并行存储器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105229696A CN105229696A CN201480021493.5A CN201480021493A CN105229696A CN 105229696 A CN105229696 A CN 105229696A CN 201480021493 A CN201480021493 A CN 201480021493A CN 105229696 A CN105229696 A CN 105229696A
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Abstract
本公开针对以交错的方式用多维数据加载并行存储器(如在一个或多个FPGA中),使得可在对存储器的单个并行读取中用对应的数据填充多维补片/窗口。根据补片的位置,数据可例如被水平地和/或垂直地旋转,使得每个补片中的数据在补片中被一致地安排,而不管每片数据是从哪个存储器读取的。还描述了充分利用双端口存储器进行多行读取和/或在从缓冲器的一部分进行读取的同时加载缓冲器的另一部分。
Description
背景
标准图像和信号处理算法通常在一采样窗口(高斯模糊)内处理数据。如果该窗口以光栅顺序整齐地“滑动”,则产生这个采样窗口是相对直接的,并且在很大程度上不随采样窗口大小增加(例如,更大半径高斯模糊)而变得明显更困难。
尽管这适用于蛮力算法,但(为了计算效率)用在大数据集合上的算法通常需要执行更专门的和有针对性的计算。在此情况下,在其上进行计算的采样窗口通常是在更大搜索空间内任意定位的窗口。如果分析是依赖于数据的,则发生类似情况。为这些更高级算法产生采样窗口是困难得多的问题。
一个解决方案将代表该更大搜索空间的数据存储在缓冲器中,并对该缓冲器使用一系列的随机存储器存取以逐渐构建所需要的样本。然而,这个解决方案在存储器处造成了瓶颈,限制了计算的速度。这是因为真实存储器具有有限的I/O能力(即同时读取端口),从而“完整”样本能被存取的速度与采样窗口的大小呈负相关;(例如,具有非常大的样本窗口的算法就是不能与具有更小窗口的那些算法运行得一样快)。另一个问题是除非样本非常小,否则整个样本不能一次性被访问。这强烈地限制了能被执行的并行计算的量。然而,这正是在CPU上实现的解决方案。
一替代解决方案通过使用多个缓冲器创建该更大搜索空间的多个相同副本来避免存储器瓶颈。以此方式,并行数据项在所请求的窗口内被产生,仅受到并行缓冲器的数量的限制。该解决方案经得起直接硬件实现的检验。然而,具有多个副本带来了显著的资源成本,因为如果被规范化成恒定的性能要求,所需的存储器的量实质上与窗口大小成比例。
概述
提供本概述以便以简化形式介绍将在以下的详细描述中进一步描述的一些代表性概念的选集。本概述不旨在标识出所要求保护的主题的关键特征或必要特征,也不旨在以限制所要求保护的主题的范围的任何方式来使用。
简要来说,本文所述的主题的各方面中的一个或多个方面针对在存储器之间分配多维数据使得多维数据的补片/窗口能够在并行数据读取操作中被填充。存储器的数量是基于处理多维数据时使用的补片的每个维度的长度的乘积来计算的。存储器被读取来通过对存储器中每一个存储器的并行读取用与补片的位置相关联的多维数据填充一被放置的数据补片。
在一个或多个方面中,分配过程被配置成基于多维补片维度来确定存储器的数量。该分配过程以交错的方式用来自多维数组的数据加载存储器,其中这种交错提供了通过读取存储器填充的任一数据补片(对应于多维补片维度)具有从不同存储器读取的每个数据存取单元(一个或多个项作为一个单元一起被读取或写入)。
一个或多个方面针对将多维数据加载到多个存储器中,基于窗口的位置来确定每个存储器中的地址,以及用对所述多个存储器的单个并行读取来填充数据窗口。对应于该窗口数据的数据被输出,且该过程对不同的窗口位置重复。窗口数据可被旋转来提供对应于该窗口数据的数据。
结合附图阅读以下详细描述,本发明的其他优点会变得显而易见。
附图简述
作为示例而非限制,在附图中示出了本发明,附图中相同的附图标记指示相同或相似的元素,附图中:
图1是根据一个或多个示例实现,表示可被用于加载多维数据供并行读取(包括读入和读出现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)存储器)的示例组件的框图。
图2A和2B是根据一个或多个示例实现,数据可被如何以交错的方式加载到存储器中供随后的并行读取的表示。
图3是根据一个或多个示例实现,通过并行存储器读取填充的数据窗口的表示。
图4是根据一个或多个示例实现,通过并行存储器读取填充的数据窗口的表示,其中基于窗口位置执行数据的水平旋转以提供一致的返回模式。
图5是根据一个或多个示例实现,通过并行存储器读取填充的数据窗口的表示,其中基于窗口位置执行数据的水平和垂直旋转以提供一致的返回模式。
图6是根据一个或多个实例实现,多维数据的子集可如何被缓冲的表示。
图7是根据一个或多个实例实现,可如何用基于区间的偏移来安排存储器的表示。
图8是根据一个或多个实例实现,某一存储器的两行可如何被读取的表示。
图9是根据一个或多个示例实现表示以交错的方式加载存储器所采取的示例步骤的流程图。
图10是根据一个或多个示例实现表示并行读取补片/窗口数据并按需旋转数据所采取的示例步骤的流程图。
图11是表示其中可实现在本文中所描述的各实施例的一个或多个方面的游戏系统形式的示例性、非限制性计算系统或操作环境的框图。
详细描述
本文所述的技术的各方面一般针对在分开的存储器(包括“补片高速缓存”(patchcache))之间划分要被处理的数据,每个存储器保持该数据的一不同但交错的部分。交错基于要被处理的数据(诸如图像数据或其他现实世界采样的数据)是物理上或时间上相邻的,例如图像中的像素与其他像素相邻。
划分与交错(循环(round-robin))基于补片的维度(dimension)(例如二维数据处理中的窗口大小)。当需要一补片来处理时,数据被安排成使得对“补片高速缓存”的每个存取需要从该高速缓存内的每个存储器获得一个且仅一个值。这提供了快速单周期存取,以及很大程度的聚合并行带宽。
一般来说,本文所述的技术提供了一种利用图像或其他现实世界数据的自然物理空间局部性来无需复制就能维持高性能的存储器架构。这允许以非常小的资源开销获得极高的性能。
应当理解,本文中的任何示例均是非限制的。例如,诸多好处在硬件/FPGA/ASIC情形中是显而易见的,然而该技术可被用于其他情形中。进一步,在某些示例中使用二维图像数据来帮助以相对容易理解的方式传达概念,然而图像数据仅仅是一种类型的数据,包括二维以上的其他类型的数据可受益于本文所述的技术。因此,本发明不限制于本文所述的任何具体的实施例、方面、概念、结构、功能或示例。相反,本文所述的实施例、方面、概念、结构、功能或示例中的任一个都是非限制性的,并且可用一般在数据处理和/或连接的组件方面提供好处和优点的各种方式来使用本发明。
图1示出了其中要被处理的多维数组102(如二维图像数据)由数组处理组件104处理的示例系统。如本文所述,为了高效存取,数组处理组件104耦合于数据分配过程106,数据分配过程106将数组数据写入多个独立的(例如FPGA)存储器108(1)–108(4),例如总地被安排成补片高速缓存110。该分配过程被示为编码在高速缓存110中,但是可以是一分开的过程,且可被结合在数组处理组件中。注意图1中仅示出了四个独立的存储器108(1)–108(4),但是可使用任意实际数量,且该数量取决于补片的维度。
为了处理数据,数组处理组件104耦合于数据提取过程112,数据提取过程112从补片高速缓存110/独立的存储器108(1)–108(4)并行地读取数据补片。数组处理组件104处理每个补片,以及使用对一个或多个补片的处理来最终提供结果114。注意,数组处理组件也可以采用硬件,例如补片高速缓存。
为了从缓存数据中产生任意定位的大小为P的“补片”,数据在分开的存储器之间被划分,每个存储器保持该数据的一不同的但交错的部分。从而全部存储器在这些分开的存储器之间被划分;例如如果单个被串行存取的存储器在D空间中保持数据,则每个经划分的并行存储器保持该数据的D/P。
数据的维度可被枚举为N、N’、N”等,一直到数据维度的数量。该补片的每一个维度可被枚举为P、P’、P”等。补片高速缓存110在内部被组织成独立存储器的阵列。独立存储器的数量(M)是补片中每个维度长度的乘积。
转到一示例,图2A示出在二维4×4空间中产生2×2补片的安排。也就是说,该补片具有维度P和P’(各自长度为2),而数据具有维度N和N’(各自长度为4)。该16个数据项在图2A中用字母A至P以及数组下标(0,0)至(3,3)来按照字母顺序表示。
在图2A中,以及同样示于图2B中,由于补片是2×2的,因此使用M=2×2=4个存储器,标记为MemW、MemX、MemY和MemZ。如果全部缓冲器能够在整个维度空间中保持B个值,则每个存储器保持B/M个值。在图2A和2B的该示例中,缓冲器大小B=16,从而每个存储器保持4个值(图2B)。
数据可按从N至N’至N”等的某一维度组织的光栅顺序被写入高速缓存中。这些写入一般是低宽度的(例如在图2A中仅一个值宽),但是可接受更宽的数据。例如,数据可按照一维条的形式进入。系统可接受小长度的条;这可被扩展到全宽度N长度条或者更高阶多维条。
高速缓存110接受数据并按照维度以循环(round-robin)形式写入数据。例如,如果数据以光栅顺序到达,首先沿维度N,然后沿维度N’等等,则每个维度的数据依次被写入补片数组中的每个维度。这跨第一数据维度的整个长度在补片数组的第一维度之中以循环方式进行,在补片数组的该第一维度上回绕(wrap)。沿该数据的渐高维度的后续数据跨补片数组的渐高纬度而被循环分配,同样回绕补片数组的每个维度。如果数据的维度阶数高于补片的维度阶数,则循环排序在补片的第一维度重新开始。这种分配(例如对于三个维度)可被表示为:
列=列地址modP
行=行地址modP’
深度=深度地址modP”
例如,在图2A中,MemW和MemX存储器在维度P×P’数组的第一行中(沿P维度),而MemY和MemZ存储器在维度P×P’数组的第二行中(同样沿P维度,但此时在下一P’维度行中)。
由于在该示例中数据的N维度的长度是4,且补片的P维度是2,则前两个数据点A和B进入高速缓存并被分别放置在MemW和MemX存储器中。当第三数据点C进入高速缓存时,P维度的长度已被用尽,但N维度还未被用尽。从而,P维度将绕回,且第三和第四数据点C和D被分别置于MemW和MemX存储器中。
此时,N维度已被用尽,因此第五、第六、第七和第八数据点(E-H)以类似方式进入MemY、MemZ、MemY、MemZ存储器中。
此时,N维度和P’维度都被用尽,但是N’维度未被用尽,从而第九、第十、第十一以及第十二数据点(I-L)沿P’维度绕回MemW和MemX存储器。这继续到N×N’数据的结尾,例如在图2A和2B的示例中M-P被写入MemY和MemZ存储器中。
注意,为了维持2×2补片但具有第三数据维度(如输入数据是时间上的2D图像),且希望跨N”维度从任何时间片获得图像的任一2×2补片(例如补片数组的维度小于数据的维度),跨N”维度的第二、第三等时间片以相同的MemW、MemX、MemW、MemX、MemY、MemZ、MemY、MemZ、MemW、MemX……安排绕回到第一P维度。
当数据被分配且需要从存储器中按照“P×P’×P”...”补片被读回时,来自每个存储器的输出可沿每个维度被重新安排到一致的定向。例如,如图3-5中所示,任一2×2补片中的左上角像素(由虚线框表示)可来自于阵列中四个存储器中的任一个。从而,如果数据从MemW、MemX、MemY、MemZ按顺序被返回,则该顺序不对应于补片顺序。例如,在图4中,B、C、F、G是希望的补片数据,但是对应于MemW、MemX、MemY和MemZ的顺序是C、B、G和F。
对于某些使用情形,该顺序是不相关的,例如如果数组处理组件104仅仅是对返回值求和。然而,其他应用期望数据以一致的方式被返回,例如左上角、右上角以及左下角、右下角。
假设来自存储器的输出保持静态,这些值可能需要沿每个轴(维度P然后接着是按照维度P’)被旋转来确保每个结果补片的左上角像素保持在一致的位置中,以此类推。
如可看到的,来自图3中补片332的数据330不需要重排序。来自图4中补片442的数据440需要每行的水平移位来获得经排序数据444,即B、C、F、G。
图5中补片552的数据550需要水平移位(数据554)以及垂直移位(数据556)两者来获得F、G、J和K。进一步注意到,图5中的行数据需要经一偏移来被存取,以计及下一垂直行,例如存储器MemW被安排成A(0,0)、C(2,0)、I(0,2)和K(2,2)。如本文所使用的,由于在该示例中补片窗口的行高度是2,MemW被认为具有对应于该偏移的两个区间,即包含A(0,0)与C(2,0)区间0,以及包含I(0,2)与K(2,2)的区间1。这种基于区间的偏移寻址允许补片窗口在被置于任一行处时用正确的数据被填充,如图5中那样。
旋转可通过一系列移位寄存器来高效地完成。对于任何补片(窗口)维度的旋转(例如在二维中)是根据下式确定的:
X旋转=X%Aw,X
Y旋转=Y%AwY
其中%指示出模运算,而AwX和AwY定义了存取窗口,即补片维度,而X和Y是补片的起始坐标。
整个数组(如图像数据的完整集合)不需要同时被放入高速缓存中。例如,如图6中一般地示出的那样,图像的一部分(例如,一带)660可被写入存储器中,并被读回和处理。在图6中,被读取的该带介于由水平虚线指示出的Y低和Y高之间。一般来说,补片/存取窗口662需要能够被放置在该带中的任何地方(像素上对齐),且由AwX(补片宽度)和AwY(补片高度)定义,在上述示例中例如可以是2×2窗口。如可容易理解的那样,在从不向上移动的滑动窗口情形中,一旦窗口向下移动一行,该行被释放且可被要处理的更多的数据来盖写,只要回绕/环形缓冲器情形被跟踪(因为图像中下一较低行现在位于缓冲器中的滑动窗口之上)。
在具有双端口存储器的一些实现中,存储器的一部分可被写入,同时从另一部分进行读取。从而,随着某一行被释放,它可在下一行正被处理的同时被写入。在非双端口存储器情形中,当需要新的写入时,读取需要暂停。并且,如下所述,在双端口存储器的情况下,可能有时两个端口都正被用于读取;如果不是这种情况,则读取和写入可在同一周期上发生。然而,这种机会可能不发生,或者写入可能落在读取后面,从而需要发生读取的某种暂停。
图7示出每个存储器被划分成区间,如sec0和sec1,以在数据中提供偏移来匹配补片的垂直行位置,如上所述。为此,区间号是从Y坐标计算的以便给出包含要被存取的行的存储器部分的起始地址。换言之,区间号以及因此存储器中的地址基于Y坐标;为了在存储器中找到用于某一大小(区间大小)的区间的地址,可使用下式:
图8示出另一替代,其中对于一次读取不是返回一个数据项(如像素),而是返回两个像素作为一个单元。这可能是因为例如像素是8位宽且存储器是16位宽,从而一次读取两个像素。注意,如此处所使用的,术语“存取单元”指的是合适的任何读取和写入方案,例如一字节读取、两字节读取、四字节读取等。注意,使用的方案影响所需要的存储器的数量;例如,如果补片是4×4且每个存储器提供两个像素,则需要横向两个存储器以及向下四个存储器。
然而,如图8中虚线所表示的,使用4×4存取窗口作为示例,有时该窗口被放置成使得需要一次从一存储器读取不只一行来填充该窗口。对于允许从一个存储器提取两行的双端口存储器来说这不是问题;这两行被串接并且任何旋转如上所述地被处理。然而,如果不是双端口的,则需要两个时钟周期。进一步,如上所述,如果是双端口但一个端口正被用于同时写入,则要么写入需要被暂停来允许双读取,要么需要两个时钟周期来读取。
图9是示出用于基于窗口(补片)大小在存储器之间交错数据的示例步骤的流程图。图9一般地是参照两个维度来描述的,且假设数据将适合于存储器(不管是作为整体还是通过如上所述地一次一个带)。步骤902获得补片维度,如作为数组处理算法执行的设置过程的一部分。步骤904表示根据补片维度来分配存储器,例如2×2补片具有4个存储器,3×3是9个,4×4是16个,以此类推。
步骤906选择数据的第一维度,例如以坐标0开始的X维度。步骤908基于X维度选择存储器,诸如对于2×2补片来说四个存储器中的前两个,对于2×2补片来说是前三个,以此类推。
步骤910表示在所选择的存储器之间沿X轴对数据进行交错,例如在它们之间交替。注意,如上所述,数据根据需要在所选的存储器中绕回。这继续直到第一维度用尽为止,也就是说整个行都被放在所选的存储器中为止。
当第一维度用尽,步骤914评估第二维度是否用尽,即最后一行是否已被置于存储器中。如果否,则在步骤916处,第一维度被“重置”(如X坐标返回0)且下一维度被递增,例如Y坐标移动到下一行。
步骤908选择接下来的存储器,例如不是先前所使用的存储器。例如,对于2×2补片,每隔一行被置于不同的一对存储器中;对于3×3补片,每三行被置于不同的一组三个存储器中,以此类推。以此方式,窗口中的每一值处于不同的存储器中。
该过程沿各列继续在存储器之间交替直到第一维度(行)用尽为止,以及沿各行在存储器之间交替直到所有行用尽为止。此时,存储器准备好供读取。注意,如上所述,如果滑动窗口情形在使用中,则一旦已经写入了足够的行来用数据填充某一补片,就可开始读取。如果窗口被允许在任何时候放在缓冲器的任何地方,则缓冲器需要被填充。
图10表示读取数据,在步骤1002开始,在该步骤处窗口数据(如起始坐标与大小)被接收。注意,在滑动窗口情形中,图10的逻辑可简单地接收“下一位置”命令并水平地移动窗口直到需要向下移动到下一行为止。
步骤1004表示对存取窗口中的每个数据点计算每个存储器中的地址,例如使用上述的地址计算。注意,不是完整计算,在滑动窗口情形中,前一计算可被用于确定每个存储器中的下一位置,因为窗口位置和底层存储器有规律地改变。
步骤1006在存储器的相应的地址将存储器并行读入一组移位寄存器等。如上所述,步骤1008执行任何所需的X旋转,且步骤1010执行任何所需的Y旋转。此时,窗口被输出,以正确的顺序填充有正确的数据。
示例性操作环境
图11示出了其中可实现例如在此所描述的计算机相关示例和实现的合适计算和联网环境/系统1100的示例。作为一个示例,计算和联网环境1100可用数据和/或逻辑来编程FPGA以执行本文所述的多维数组处理,提供输入数据(如捕捉图像),接收输出数据等。然而,计算和联网环境1100还可至少部分地用软件来实现图1至10所述的技术。
可以容易地理解以上所描述的实施方式及其替换方式可实现在任何合适的计算设备上,包括游戏系统、个人计算机、平板电脑、DVD、机顶盒、智能电话等。当多个这样的设备被链接在一起时,这样的设备的组合也是可行的。为了描述的目的,以下描述了一个游戏(包括媒体)系统作为一个示例性操作环境。
图11是示例游戏和媒体系统1100的功能框图并且更详细地示出各功能组件。控制台1101具有中央处理单元(CPU)1102以及便于处理器访问各种类型的存储器的存储器控制器1103,各种类型的存储器包括闪存只读存储器(ROM)1104、随机存取存储器(RAM)1106、硬盘驱动器1108,以及便携式媒体驱动器1109。在一种实现中,CPU1102包括1级高速缓存1110和2级高速缓存1112,这些高速缓存用于临时存储数据并因此减少对硬盘驱动器进行的存储器访问周期的数量,从而提高了处理速度和吞吐量。
CPU1102、存储器控制器1103、以及各种存储器设备经由一个或多个总线(未示出)互连。在此实现中所使用的总线的细节对理解此处所讨论的关注主题不是特别相关。然而,应该理解,这样的总线可以包括串行和并行总线、存储器总线、外围总线、使用各种总线体系结构中的任何一种的处理器或局部总线中的一个或多个。作为示例,这样的架构可以包括工业标准体系结构(ISA)总线、微通道体系结构(MCA)总线、增强型ISA(EISA)总线、视频电子标准协会(VESA)局部总线、以及也称为夹层总线的外围部件互连(PCI)总线。
在一个实现中,CPU1102、存储器控制器1103、ROM1104以及RAM1106被集成到公用模块1114上。在此实现中,ROM1104被配置为经由外围部件互联(PCI)总线或类似的以及ROM总线(两者都未示出)或类似的连接到存储器控制器1103的闪存ROM。RAM1106被配置为多个双倍数据速率同步动态RAM(DDRSDRAM)模块,它们被存储器控制器1103通过分开的总线(未示出)独立地进行控制。硬盘驱动器1108和便携式媒体驱动器1109被示为通过PCI总线和AT附加(ATA)总线1116连接到存储器控制器1103。然而,在其他实现中,也可以备选地应用不同类型的专用数据总线结构。
三维图形处理单元1120和视频编码器1122构成了视频处理流水线,用于进行高速度和高分辨率(例如,高清晰度)图形处理。数据通过数字视频总线(未示出)从图形处理单元1120传输到视频编码器1122。音频处理单元1124和音频编解码器(编码器/解码器)1126构成了对应的音频处理流水线,用于对各种数字音频格式进行多通道音频处理。通过通信链路(未示出)在音频处理单元1124和音频编解码器1126之间传送音频数据。视频和音频处理流水线向A/V(音频/视频)端口1128输出数据,以便传输到电视机或其它显示器/扬声器。在例示出的实施方式中,视频和音频处理组件1120、1122、1124、1126以及1128被安装在模块1114上。
图11示出了包括USB主控制器1130和网络接口(NWI/F)1132的模块1114,网络接口1132可包括有线和/或无线组件。USB主控制器1130被示为通过总线(例如,PCI总线)与CPU1102和存储器控制器1103进行通信,并作为外围控制器1134的主机。网络接口1132提供对网络(例如,因特网、家庭网络等)的访问并且可以是包括以太网卡、调制解调器、蓝牙模块、电缆调制解调器等的各种不同的有线和无线接口组件中的任何一种。
在图11中描绘的示例实现中,控制台1101包括用于支持四个控制器1141(1)-1141(4)的控制器支持子部件1141。控制器支持子部件1140包括支持与诸如,例如,媒体和游戏控制器之类的外部控制设备的有线和/或无线操作所需的任何硬件和软件组件。前面板I/O子部件1142支持电源按钮1143、弹出按钮1144,以及任何其它按钮和任何LED(发光二极管)或暴露在控制台1101的外表面上的其它指示器等多个功能。子部件1140和1142经由一个或多个线缆子部件1146或类似的与模块1114通信。在其他实现中,控制台1101可以包括另外的控制器子组件。所示出的实现还示出了被配置为发送和接收可传递给模块1114的信号(例如来自遥控器1149)的光学I/O接口1148。
存储器单元(MU)1150(1)和1150(2)被示为可以分别连接到MU端口“A”1152(1)和“B”1152(2)。每一个MU1150都提供附加存储,在其上面可以存储游戏、游戏参数、及其它数据。在一些实现中,其他数据可以包括数字游戏组件、可执行的游戏应用,用于扩展游戏应用的指令集、以及媒体文件中的一个或多个。当被插入到控制台1101中时,每个MU1150可由存储器控制器1103访问。
系统供电模块1154向游戏系统1100的组件供电。风扇1156冷却控制台1101内的电路。
包括机器指令的应用1160被通常存储在硬盘驱动器1108上。当控制台1101通电时,应用1160的各个部分被加载到RAM1106和/或高速缓存1110和1112中以供在CPU1102上执行。总得来说,应用1160可包括一个或多个程序模块,用于执行各种显示功能,诸如控制对话屏幕供呈现在显示器上(例如,高分辨率监视器)、基于用户输入控制会话以及控制控制台1101和外部连接的设备指尖的数据传输和接收。
可以通过简单地将系统连接到高分辨率监视器、电视机、视频投影仪、或其它显示设备来将游戏系统1100用作独立系统。在此独立模式下,游戏系统1100允许一个或多个玩家玩游戏或欣赏数字媒体,例如观看电影或欣赏音乐。然而,随着宽带连接的集成通过网络接口1132而成为可能,游戏系统1100还可以作为更大的网络游戏社区或系统的参与组件来操作。
结语
尽管本发明易于作出各种修改和替换构造,但其某些说明性实施例在附图中示出并在上面被详细地描述。然而应当了解,这不旨在将本发明限于所公开的具体形式,而是相反地,旨在覆盖落入本发明的精神和范围之内的所有修改、替换构造和等效方案。
Claims (10)
1.一种方法,包括在存储器之间分配多维数据,其中存储器的数量是基于处理所述多维数据时所使用的补片的每个维度的长度的乘积来确定的,以及通过对每个存储器的并行读取来读取存储器以用对应于补片的位置的多维数据填充一被放置的数据补片。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,分配多维数据包括:a)将所述多维数据的一带加载到包括所述存储器的一缓冲器中,或者b)交替地将对应于数据的第一维度的数据写到对应于补片的第一维度的第一组存储器,或者c)交替地将对应于数据的第一维度的数据写到对应于补片的第二维度的第二组第二存储器,或者a)、b)或c)的任意组合。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述存储器包括双端口存储器,且a)其中读取存储器包括在单个周期中从两个地址读取数据,或者b)进一步包括写入一存储器的存储器地址,同时从该存储器的不同或相同存储器地址读取,或者a)和b)两者。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括(a)基于补片的位置以垂直旋转将补片中的数据旋转0次或更多次以旋转成一致的顺序,以及在对数据的任何旋转之后返回补片,或者(b)基于补片的位置以水平旋转将补片中的数据旋转0次或更多次以及以垂直旋转将补片中的数据旋转至少一次以旋转成一致的顺序,以及在对数据的任何旋转之后返回补片,或者a)和b)两者。
5.一种系统,包括被配置成基于多维补片维度来确定存储器的数量的分配过程,所述分配过程进一步被配置成以交错的方式用来自多维数组的数据加载所述存储器,其中所述交错提供了对应于所述多维补片维度的通过读取存储器填充的任一数据补片具有从不同存储器读取的每个数据存取单元。
6.如权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,所述存储器被包含在单个现场可编程门阵列中,或者所述存储器被分布在多个现场可编程门阵列之中。
7.如权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括被配置成用从所述存储器并行读取的数据填充相对于所述多维数组的一给定位置处的补片的提取过程。
8.如权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,所述提取过程被配置成将从所述存储器读取的数据旋转成一致的顺序。
9.一个或多个具有可执行指令的计算机可读存储介质或逻辑,所述可执行指令在被执行时执行以下步骤,包括:
(a)将多维数据加载到多个存储器中;
(b)基于一窗口的位置确定每个存储器中的地址;
(c)用对所述多个存储器的单个并行读取来填充一数据窗口;
(d)输出对应于所述数据窗口的数据;
(e)对于至少多个不同窗口位置,当所述窗口的位置改变时,返回步骤(b)。
10.如权利要求9所述的一个或多个计算机可读存储介质或逻辑,其特征在于,进一步具有包括旋转所述数据窗口中的数据的可执行指令。
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CN106980630A (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-25 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | 一种数据旋转展示方法及装置 |
CN106980630B (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2020-03-10 | 菜鸟智能物流控股有限公司 | 一种数据旋转展示方法及装置 |
CN106204414A (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-07 | 蓝普金睛(北京)科技有限公司 | 一种动态图像缓存的方法及系统 |
CN106909320A (zh) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-06-30 | 北京中科睿芯科技有限公司 | 一种多维数据扩充传输的方法、装置以及系统 |
CN106909320B (zh) * | 2017-02-20 | 2020-01-21 | 北京中科睿芯科技有限公司 | 一种多维数据扩充传输的方法、装置以及系统 |
CN112559037A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-03-26 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | 一种指令执行方法、单元、装置及系统 |
CN112559037B (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-04-12 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | 一种指令执行方法、单元、装置及系统 |
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