CN105218276B - A kind of production method of the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple - Google Patents
A kind of production method of the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple Download PDFInfo
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- CN105218276B CN105218276B CN201510690169.9A CN201510690169A CN105218276B CN 105218276 B CN105218276 B CN 105218276B CN 201510690169 A CN201510690169 A CN 201510690169A CN 105218276 B CN105218276 B CN 105218276B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple, mixed fermentation is carried out to edible fungi residue using bacillus subtilis, candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma, obtain organic matter matrix, bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens are taken to ferment the organic matter matrix after above-mentioned fermentation again, obtain fermentation fertilizer, trace element mixing, granulation are added into above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer, after drying, is produced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of microbial fermentation, the production of more particularly to a kind of special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple
Method.
Background technology
Fulvic acid (Fulvic Acids, code name FA) is mainly macromolecular fragrant-aliphatic series of the class containing active function groups
The complex mixture of hydroxycarboxylic acid.It has that molecular weight is small, active gene is high, improved soil, improves ground temperature, promote root system to send out
Reach, effectively adjust the unique effects in terms of soil acidity or alkalinity, solution soil hardening.In the case of dry, reduce and make
Thing Stomatal complexes, drought-relief and protection of the harvest.Its application is main as follows：
Fulvic acid is used cooperatively with other inorganic fertilizers (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), energy fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, sustained release potassium, promotes to have
Composition conversion is imitated, utilization is absorbed by crops as early as possible, various effective ingredient-use rates are improved more than 80%.Fulvic acid is on fruit tree
Application：Fruit tree well developed root system can be promoted, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, fruit-setting rate is improved, strengthen fresh fruit color and luster, improve fruit product
Shelf-stable after matter, harvest, prevents root rot, and the disease, sick branch to fruit tree have good opsonic action.
Also few on apple organic fertilizer special at present, the present invention is main to utilize microorganism to corresponding Edible Fungi
Waste bacterial slag carries out adding corresponding nutrient and growth factor after solid fermentation as primary raw material, produces a kind of apple special
Fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer is used, the need on the one hand disclosure satisfy that Apple Growth, edible fungi residue etc. is given up
Gurry is recycled, therefore is had great importance.
At present, the edible fungi residue yield of China's industrialized production is huge, but it is effective that environmental protection how is carried out to bacteria residue
Processing, is but never well solved；Annual substantial amounts of bacteria residue and useless rod are banked up on the spot, or directly apply Tanaka,
On the one hand, the huge waste of agriculture organic resource is caused；On the other hand, the deterioration of surrounding environment is caused, microbial reproduction,
Transmission, causes to neighbouring resident living environment and has a strong impact on, also cause significant damage to neighbouring mushroom industry.
Therefore, reclaimed in the urgent need to providing a kind of edible fungi residue simple, that efficient, processing time is short, applied widely
Application way.
The content of the invention：
In view of the above-mentioned problems, preparing the micro- life of the special fulvic acid of apple using fermentation edible fungi residue the invention provides one kind
The production method and technique of organic fertilizer.Function admirable is selected according to edible fungi residue decomposition principle, microecological balance principle
Probioticses are fermented again to bacteria residue, and alternate is mutually beneficial between strain, mutually not antagonism.
Microorganism carries out normal growth and breeding and new old by the use of macromolecular substances remaining in bacteria residue as nutriment
Metabolism, during by the macromolecular substances in edible fungi residue using being converted into various small-molecule substances, and in these small molecules
Such as amino acid can be absorbed and used by plants, meanwhile, by the metabolic activity of microorganism, improve the structure of soil, improve soil
The proportion of the available state of element such as plant available N, P, K in earth；Some cometabolisms production that microbiota metabolic activity is produced
Thing, can strengthen the resistance of plant.Meanwhile, high temperature can be produced during fermentation in microbial metabolism, fermentation period is lasting
High temperature, can effectively kill the microorganism being harmful in edible fungi residue or worm's ovum, realize the effective, harmless of edible fungi residue
Utilize.
The strain separating of microorganism, screening, purifying and strain idenfication are targetedly carried out, and its physio-biochemical characteristics is entered
Row research, obtains the germ plasm resource of available microorganism fungus kind.The combined fermentation of present invention research multiple-microorganism, is explored many
The composite fermentation technique of microorganism syntrophism breeding is planted, in laboratory conditions, the co-fermentation of multiple-microorganism is realized.Enter
Row microbial fermentation edible fungi residue produces the experiment of microbial organic fertilizer, every technic index of fermentation is explored, it is determined that clearly
Technology flow, and carry out the pilot scale research of actual production.The fertilizer first product obtained to fermentation, is targetedly compounded
Research, improve fertilizer it is both effectiveness while enhancing fertilizer function it is comprehensive.
The new process for producing for preparing the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple using fermentation edible fungi residue provides scheme
It is as follows：
A kind of production method of the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple, using bacillus subtilis, the false silk ferment in the torrid zone
Female, trichoderma pseudokiningii carries out mixed fermentation to edible fungi residue, obtains containing fulvic acid organic matter matrix.Take bacillus megaterium,
Northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens are fermented again to above-mentioned organic matter matrix, obtain the organic fermentation fertilizer of microorganism.
Add after trace element mixing, drying, produce into above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer.
Preferably, the edible mushroom is the one or more in flat mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, asparagus or white beech mushroom.
Preferably, the trace element is the one or more in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron.
Above-mentioned production method specifically includes following steps,
(1) take bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis, trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium strain to carry out inoculated and cultured respectively, obtain
Corresponding seed liquor；
(2) processing of edible fungi residue bacteria residue：Dry mushroom bacteria residue bacterium, water, chicken manure are weighed, fermentation vat is placed in, fully stirs
Mix uniform to be seeded；
(3) above-mentioned fermentation seed liquid is inoculated into edible fungi residue to be seeded successively, total inoculum concentration is 2-3%, in 32
Cultivated 8--10 days at DEG C, daily machinery is turned, and must ferment organic matter matrix；
(4) bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are taken, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Liquid Culture is carried out respectively, phase is obtained
The seed liquor answered；
(5) fermented bacterium for obtaining step (4) is by bacillus megaterium：Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering：Bacillus subtilis
=1-3:2-5:1-3 is added to be fermented 3-5 days again in the fermentation vat after Fermentation Fulvic Acid's, and strain addition is 10-20%,
Produce the microbial organic fertilizer containing a large amount of fulvic acids；
(6) fertilizer after the fermentation for obtaining step (5), adds appropriate trace element, low temperature drying is carried out after mixing
Or granulation, produce.
Preferably, in step (1), the bacillus subtilis：Candida tropicalis：The inoculum concentration of koning trichoderma bacterium
The ratio between be 1-2:1-3:1-3.
Preferably, in step (1), the culture medium of the bacillus subtilis is LB culture mediums；The false silk ferment in the torrid zone
The culture medium of female bacterium and koning trichoderma bacterium is PDA culture medium.
Preferably, the compound method of described LB fluid nutrient mediums is：NaCL 10g are weighed, peptone 10g, yeast is carried
Thing 5g is taken, is separately added into 1000ml water, regulation pH value is 7.0,121~125 DEG C of 20~25min of sterilizing.
Preferably, described NaCL, peptone, the mass ratio of yeast extract are：2~5：2~5：1.
Preferably, in step (2), the flat mushroom bacteria residue, water, the mass ratio of chicken manure are 25-30：45-55：10-15.
Preferably, in step (3), in the fermentation seed liquid, bacillus subtilis：Candida tropicalis：Kang Shi
The ratio between inoculum concentration of Trichoderma is 1~2:1~3:1~3.
Preferably, in step (3), the moisture of described edible fungi residue to be seeded is 50%-70%.
Preferably, in step (4), the bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation
Culture medium：5-20 parts of wheat bran, 4-10 parts of beancake powder, 5-15 parts of corn flour, 1000 parts of water.
The beneficial effect of this project：
1st, microbe conversion production biochemical fulvic acid is carried out to edible fungi residue, the waste material in Edible Fungi has been obtained very
Good utilization.
2nd, organic matter is fermented using multiple-microorganism, can largely decomposes organic matter for grape necessary to plant
Sugar, amino acid, vitamin group, auxin isoreactivity material and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace element.
3rd, the growth for adding appropriate trace element for apple has certain facilitation.
4th, the effects such as microorganism of addition has starch-splitting, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing and fixed nitrogen.
Embodiment
Below by instantiation, the present invention will be further elaborated：
Embodiment 1
(1), fermentation strain：
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) is that the numbering of Chinese microorganism strain preservation administrative center is
CMCC1.210 bacterial strain；α-amylase Producer.
Candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis) is the volume of Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
Number be CMCC2.402Bacterial strain；Pentose can be assimilated.
Trichoderma pseudokiningii (Trichoderma pseudokoningii) is during Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection is managed
The bacterial strain that the numbering of the heart is CMCC3.6612；Cellulase-producing.
Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) is the volume of Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
Number be CMCC1.263 bacterial strain；Has phosphate solubilization.
Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (Paenibacillus mucilaginosus) is Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection pipe
The bacterial strain that the numbering at reason center is CMCC1.153；Has potassium decomposing effect.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillusamyloliquefaciens) manage for Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection
The bacterial strain that the numbering at center is CMCC1.398；Has antagonistic phytopathogen effect.
(2), prior fermentation strain is：Bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma bacterium.Later stage fermentation bacterium
Plant and be：Bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
(3), production method and technique：Fermented using edible fungi residue and chicken manure as bed material by a variety of bacterium.Wherein
25-30 parts of edible fungi residue, adds 45-55 parts of water, 10-15 parts of chicken manure.Living bacteria count reaches 500,000,000 every gram, fulvic acid content
Reach 30-40%.
(4), culture medium：LB culture mediums：Peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, 10g, PH7.2,121 DEG C of 20min of sodium chloride go out
Bacterium.
Murphy juice culture medium is configured：Fresh potato 200g is weighed, peels, shred in addition pot and boil 30min, add after filtering
Enter sucrose or glucose 20g, PH naturally, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
Bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fermentation medium：Wheat bran 5-20kg, soya-bean cake
Powder 4-10kg, corn flour 5-15kg, water 1000kg.
Embodiment 2
The production method and technique of a kind of special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple are as follows：
First, prior fermentation production fulvic acid
(1) preparation of Fermentation Fulvic Acid's seed liquor：By bacillus subtilis, candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma, connect respectively
Plant in respective seed culture medium, the culture regular hour is used as seed liquor；
(2) processing of edible fungi residue：Weigh 30 parts of dry mushroom bacteria residue respectively, add 55 parts of water, 15 parts of chicken manure, fully
Stirring.
(3) it is bacillus subtilis by inoculum concentration by seed liquor：Candida tropicalis：Koning trichoderma bacterium=1:1:1 access
In the edible fungi residue handled well.Total inoculum concentration is 2-3%, 32 DEG C of stir cultures 8-10 days
(4) fulvic acid assay：Using volumetric precipitation method.
2nd, later stage addition microorganism beneficial bacterium and nutrient
(1), prepared by first order seed：Bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, trained using LB
Support base, 32 DEG C of Shaking culture 18h.
(2), prepared by secondary seed：Bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, it is inoculated into hair
Ferment culture medium, 32 DEG C of culture 24h, inoculum concentration 4%.
(3), secondary seed bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacterium are respectively connected to
In 5 tons of fermentation tanks, inoculum concentration 5%, 32 DEG C of culture 24h.
(4), by the bacillus megaterium in proportion of the strain after fermentation：Northern Shandong sample bacillus：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens=
1:2:1 adds in the organic matter after prior fermentation fulvic acid, ferment 3-5 days again, strain addition is 10-20%.
(5) fertilizer after, fermenting, adds the elements such as appropriate calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, is carried out after mixing low
Temperature drying is granulated, pack.
Embodiment 3
The production method and technique of a kind of special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple are as follows：
First, prior fermentation production fulvic acid
(1) preparation of Fermentation Fulvic Acid's seed liquor：By bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma bacterium, point
It is not inoculated in respective seed culture medium, the culture regular hour is used as seed liquor；
(2) processing of edible fungi residue：25 parts of dry mushroom bacteria residue is weighed respectively, adds 45 parts of water, 15 parts of chicken manure, sugar
0.5-1 parts, it is sufficiently stirred for.
(3) it is bacillus subtilis by inoculum concentration by seed liquor：Candida tropicalis：Trichoderma pseudokiningii：=1:1:1 access
In the edible fungi residue handled well.Total inoculum concentration is 2%, 32 DEG C of stir cultures 8-10 days
(4) fulvic acid assay：Using volumetric precipitation method.
2nd, later stage addition microorganism beneficial bacterium and nutrient
(1), prepared by first order seed：Bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, solution starch spore bacillus are cultivated using LB
Base, 32 DEG C of Shaking culture 14h.
(2), prepared by secondary seed：Bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, it is inoculated into hair
Ferment culture medium, 32 DEG C of culture 14h, inoculum concentration 4%.
(3), by secondary seed bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, be respectively connected to 5
In ton fermentation tank, inoculum concentration 5%, 32 DEG C of culture 24h.
(4), by the bacillus megaterium in proportion of the strain after fermentation：Northern Shandong sample bacillus：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens=
1:2:1
Add in the organic matter after prior fermentation fulvic acid, ferment 3-5 days again, strain addition is 10%.
(5) fertilizer after, fermenting, adds the elements such as appropriate calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, is carried out after mixing low
Temperature drying, pack.
Embodiment 4
The production method and technique of a kind of special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple are as follows：
First, prior fermentation production fulvic acid
(1) preparation of Fermentation Fulvic Acid's seed liquor：By bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma bacterium, point
It is not inoculated in respective seed culture medium, the culture regular hour is used as seed liquor；
(2) processing of edible fungi residue：48 parts of dry mushroom bacteria residue is weighed respectively, adds 38 parts of water, 12 parts of chicken manure, lime
2 parts of powder is sufficiently stirred for.(86 parts of wet bacteria slag, 12 parts of chicken manure, 2 parts of pulverized limestone)
(3) it is bacillus subtilis by inoculum concentration by seed liquor：Candida tropicalis：Trichoderma pseudokiningii：=1.5:2:2 connect
Enter in the edible fungi residue handled well.Total inoculum concentration is 2-3%, 32 DEG C of stir cultures 8-10 days
(4) fulvic acid assay：Using volumetric precipitation method.
2nd, later stage addition microorganism beneficial bacterium and nutrient
(1), prepared by first order seed：Bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, trained using LB
Support base, 32 DEG C of Shaking culture 16h.
(2), prepared by secondary seed：Bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, it is inoculated into hair
Ferment culture medium, 32 DEG C of culture 18h, inoculum concentration 4%.
(3), by secondary seed bacillus megaterium, northern Shandong sample bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, be respectively connected to 5
In ton fermentation tank, inoculum concentration 5%, 32 DEG C of culture 30h.
(4), by the bacillus megaterium in proportion of the strain after fermentation：Northern Shandong sample bacillus：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens=
2:4:2 add in the organic matter after prior fermentation fulvic acid, ferment 3-5 days again, strain addition is 10-20%.
(5) fertilizer after, fermenting, adds the elements such as appropriate calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, is carried out after mixing low
Temperature drying is pelletized, pack.
Apple cultivation is carried out using 1-4 of the embodiment of the present invention organic fertilizers prepared, as a result shown：Experiment is compared with blank within 2014
It is 672.6 kilograms to compare mu volume increase, and rate of growth is 22.9%, and mu volume increase value is 1883.2 yuan, and input-output ratio is 1：3.7,
Experiment in 2011 is 728.1 kilograms compared with blank control mu volume increase, and rate of growth is 24.4%, and mu volume increase value is 1456.3 yuan, input
Output ratio is 1：2.6, increasing of quality and production effect is obvious, remarkable in economical benefits.
The organic fertilizer of the present invention makes fruit soluble solids content reach 12.53%, and sugar-acid ratio reaches 44.89, top grade
Fruit rate reaches 42.2%, and fruit yield improves 3.67% than control.Apple pear fruit shape index (0.83) and hardness (10.75kg
cm-1) reach maximum.
Although the above-mentioned embodiment to the present invention is described, not to the limit of the scope of the present invention
System, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art need not pay
Go out various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of production method of the special fulvic acid microbial organic fertilizer of apple, it is characterised in that using bacillus subtilis, heat
Band Candida, koning trichoderma carry out mixed fermentation to bed material, obtain containing fulvic acid organic matter matrix；Take bacillus megaterium,
Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens are fermented again to above-mentioned organic matter matrix, obtain the organic fermentation fertilizer of microorganism；
Add after trace element mixing, drying, produce into above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer；
The bed material is edible fungi residue, chicken manure and water.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the edible mushroom is flat mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, asparagus or white beech mushroom
In one or more.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the trace element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron
In one or more.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps,
(1) take bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis, koning trichoderma bacterium strain to carry out inoculated and cultured respectively, obtain accordingly
Seed liquor；
(2) processing of edible fungi residue：Dry mushroom bacteria residue bacterium, water, chicken manure are weighed, fermentation vat is placed in, stirs and treat
Inoculation；
(3) seed liquor for obtaining step (1) is inoculated into edible fungi residue to be seeded successively, and total inoculum concentration is 2-3%, in 32
Cultivated 8-10 days at DEG C, machinery is turned, and is obtained containing fulvic acid organic matter matrix；
(4) take bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens to carry out Liquid Culture respectively, obtain accordingly
Seed liquor；
(5) seed liquor that obtains step (4) is connect by bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Plant the ratio between amount=1-3:2-5:What 1-3 addition steps (3) were obtained contains the 3-5 that fermented again in fulvic acid organic matter matrix
My god, strain total addition level is 10-20%, produces the microbial organic fertilizer containing a large amount of fulvic acids；
(6) fertilizer for obtaining step (5), adds trace element, and low temperature drying or granulation are carried out after mixing, is produced.
5. the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (1), the bacillus subtilis：Candida tropicalis
Bacterium：The ratio between inoculum concentration of koning trichoderma bacterium is 1-2:1-3:1-3.
6. the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (1), the culture medium of the bacillus subtilis is trained for LB
Support base；The culture medium of Candida tropicalis and the koning trichoderma bacterium is PDA culture medium.
7. the method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that the compound method of described LB fluid nutrient mediums is：Weigh NaCl
10g, peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, are separately added into 1000ml water, and regulation pH value is 7.0,121~125 DEG C of sterilizings 20
~25min.
8. the method described in claim 7, it is characterised in that described NaCl, peptone, the mass ratio of yeast extract are：2
~5：2~5：1.
9. the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (3), the moisture of described edible fungi residue to be seeded contains
Measure as 50%-70%；In step (4), the bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, the fermentation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Culture medium is made up of following raw materials according：5-20 parts of wheat bran, 4-10 parts of beancake powder, 5-15 parts of corn flour, 1000 parts of water.
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