CN105210638A - A kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method - Google Patents

A kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105210638A
CN105210638A CN201510682874.4A CN201510682874A CN105210638A CN 105210638 A CN105210638 A CN 105210638A CN 201510682874 A CN201510682874 A CN 201510682874A CN 105210638 A CN105210638 A CN 105210638A
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China
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wils
descendant
propagation
schisandra sphenanthera
sphenanthera rehd
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CN105210638B (en
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艾军
许培磊
王振兴
杨义明
范书田
秦红艳
赵滢
刘迎雪
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Institute Special Animal and Plant Sciences CAAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method, belong to field of plant growing technology, 1), ditching on the soil of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS elite stand descendant periphery the present invention includes following processing step:, descendant to be pressed in ditch as press strip and ditch is filled and led up, staying young sprout leading portion to basset; By descendant pinching; After plant to be planted enters resting stage, descendant is separated from base portion with elite stand.2), by the press strip of taking root dig out, be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud also uses a soil fungicides, shades; Treat that Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, seedling is fast, survival rate is high, be easy to management, is that one has higher promotional value Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS asexual propagation cultivation method.

Description

A kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, in particular to a kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method.
Background technology
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS is Magnoliacea plant, perennial fallen leaves woody climber, is that a kind of main product is in the large genuine traditional Chinese medicine in China northeast.What Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS wild resource destroyed in recent years is more serious, and its market demand is growing, makes the artificial cultivation development of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS rapidly.
Current Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS artificial cultivation mainly adopts seedling to build garden, and the plant of Seedling propagation is large due to variation between Different Individual, there is the deficiencies such as streaking one, maturing stage do not concentrate, resistance is uneven, high and stable yield is poor.
In view of many deficiencies of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS Seedling propagation, people also actively research and develop its asexual reproduction method.At present, the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS vegetative propagation technique of report is had to mainly contain 4 kinds, i.e. propagation by grafiting, tissue cultures, cottage propagation, the breeding of root turion seedling.
(1) propagation by grafiting, with the annual or biennial seedling of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS for stock, with the annual ripe branch of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS or green branch for scion, adopts the mode of cleft grafting to carry out grafting.Its major defect is that operating technology is not easily grasped, and temp. and humidity all can have impact to the healing of grafting wound, therefore the management after grafting comparatively bothers.
(2) tissue cultures, with the branch section of the tender young sprout of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS children for explant, by the Fiber differentiation of bud, mitogenetic cultivation, culture of rootage and acclimatization and transplants supervisor, breeds the plant made new advances.Its major defect is that technical difficulty is higher, has requirement to culture environment, is inconvenient to manage, and is thus unfavorable for promoting aborning.
(3) cottage propagation, with the green branch of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS or annual ripe branch for cutting, cuttage on certain medium after chemicals treatment, impels and takes root and form new plant.Its shortcoming is more weak, the easy early ageing of the growing way of plant.This is because cuttage seeding is solid comparatively early, suppresses physiological age root system that is larger and cuttage seeding that is comparatively large, cuttage seeding itself to be the reasons such as adventive root to nourishing and growing.
(4) root turion seedling breeding, is separated the sprout tillers of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS creeping underground stem and generation thereof with parent, forms new plant after transplanting.Its shortcoming is that the branch sent from parent ground bottom rail stem is without vertical main root, and transplanting survival rate is low, plant drought resisting and cold resistance weak, adaptability is poor.
As can be seen here, Seedling propagation is unfavorable for that standardization is produced on the one hand, unstable product quality, and existing vegetative propagation technique has again many shortcomings on the other hand, and these problems significantly limit the development of this industry.Thus, the efficient vegetative propagation technique of the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS that research and development are novel, significant to the development of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS large area artificial cultivation industry further.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS asexual reproduction method, the method reproduction rate is high, and plant easily survives, and seedling is fast, and method of operating is simple and easy to do.
In order to realize above object, the present invention adopts Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method, and its technical scheme is as follows:
1), ditching on the soil of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS elite stand descendant periphery, descendant to be pressed in ditch as press strip and ditch filled and led up, staying young sprout leading portion to basset; By descendant pinching; After plant to be planted enters resting stage, descendant is separated from base portion with elite stand.
2), by the press strip of taking root dig out, be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud also uses a soil fungicides, shades; Treat that Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.
The invention belongs to the one of asexual reproduction method, can ensure the plant good stability of new breeding, proterties is homogeneous, makes a variation little between individuality.In operating process as above, one of descendant section is pushed down by ditching is promote its prerequisite of taking root; The growth of the controlled superzapping bar of plant pinching, preserves nutrition; Can be separated with elite stand after press strip is taken root, simple to operate.Use soil fungicides during cultivation simple bud branch section and can prevent rotten; Shading, is in order to insolation proof, keeps soil moisture, improves the survival rate of the tender sprouting of children.The invention process is simple, until period of taking root does not need extra treatment after pressure seedling, is easy to management.
Preferably, the step 1 in Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method) in, it is described that descendant is pressed on the period of filling and leading up in ditch and by ditch as press strip is first 2 ~ 4 months of elite stand fallen leaves.
If the time interval is too short, descendant does not also have enough time to send out roots, and still can not divide seedling after the beginning of spring in the coming year.
Preferably, described descendant chooses the elite stand base portion in robust growth.
Choose the descendant of elite stand base portion, descendant is pressed on descendant in the process filled and led up in ditch and by ditch is not easy to sustain damage because of the mechanical force of bending follow-up.
Further, described descendant length is between 1 ~ 3m.
If selected length is too short, be then unfavorable for the length controlling to basset press strip front end; If length is long, then represent descendant growth time very long, descendant always, the easy early ageing of new talent.
Preferably, the degree of depth of described ditch is between 10 ~ 20cm.
Preferably, described young sprout leading portion 5 ~ 7 leaves that should basset are long.
There is certain functional leaf in press strip young sprout front end, branch is taken root nutrition supply abundance.The new plant that the descendant of blade quantity within the scope of this extrudes the most easily survives.
Preferably, the period of described pinching is first 20 ~ 50 days of elite stand fallen leaves.
The growth of the controlled superzapping bar of pinching, preserves nutrition, allows press strip pass the winter smoothly.
Preferably, the step 3 in Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method) in, on described bud during earthing, the thickness of earthing is 1 ~ 3cm.
Preferably, described soil fungicides is one or more in inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide, organic phosphor or arsenic bactericide, substituted beneze-group fungicides, triazole bactericidal agent, Antibiotics bactericide or other common fungicides.
Seedling wound easily grows germ, uses bactericide to improve seedling percent.
Preferably, the light transmittance that shades described in is 30 ~ 50%.
Seedling survival ability is not strong, should not be exposed to the sun.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) easy and simple to handle, technical difficulty is low.Less demanding to operator, even if no pressure the coming year alive also can weight then.
(2) reproductive efficiency is high.Simple bud seedling, seedling is fast, and growth is strong, and fruiting period early.
(3) survival rate is high.Propagation by layering rooting rate can reach more than 90%, and new talent well developed root system, growth of seedling is strong.
(4) management is easy to.Until period of taking root does not need extra treatment after pressure seedling, save labour.Do not need laboratory condition, temperature humidity etc. is required not strict, be suitable for producing and promote.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturer suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by commercially available the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment 1
1, below Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS elite stand descendant periphery soil on ditching, descendant to be pressed in ditch as press strip and ditch filled and led up, staying young sprout leading portion to basset; Plant pinching; After plant to be planted enters resting stage, descendant is separated from base portion with elite stand;
2, dug out by the press strip of taking root spring in next year, be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud also uses 800 times of polyoxins, shades; Treat that Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.
Embodiment 2
1, descendant management
Adopt the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS plant grown fine, cultivate healthy and strong descendant at elite stand base portion, ensure the vigorous growth of descendant plant.Propagation by layering operation is prepared when elite stand is fallen leaves first 2 months.
2, descendant press strip
Below cultivated descendant, the soil of periphery digs zanjon, is pressed on by descendant in ditch, fills and leads up with fine earth, bassets in young sprout front end.The pinching in first 30 days of plant fallen leaves controls growth.After plant enters resting stage, descendant is cut off from base portion, be separated with elite stand.
3, simple bud breeding
Spring, the press strip of taking root dug out after thawing by soil, and be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud is also used 1000 times of thiophanate-methyls and matrix irrigated; Shade, and keep ground moistening, Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.
Embodiment 3
1, descendant management
Adopt the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS plant grown fine, cultivate healthy and strong descendant at elite stand base portion, ensure the vigorous growth of descendant plant.Propagation by layering operation is prepared when elite stand is fallen leaves first 3 months.
2, descendant press strip
Below cultivated descendant, the soil of periphery digs the ditch of dark 12cm, and the length of ditch is depending on the length of descendant, and being pressed on by descendant in ditch, filling and leading up with fine earth, bassets in young sprout front end.The pinching in first 35 days of plant fallen leaves controls growth.After plant enters resting stage, descendant is cut off from base portion, be separated with elite stand.
3, simple bud breeding
Spring, the press strip of taking root dug out after thawing by soil, and be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud is also used 800 times of carbendazim and matrix irrigated; Adopt 30% shading screen to shade, and keep ground moistening, Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.
Embodiment 4
1, descendant management
Adopt the plant of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS kind " bright red " grown fine, respectively cultivate healthy and strong descendant 10 to both sides each plant base portion is capable, descendant average length, at about 1m, ensures the vigorous growth of descendant plant.Propagation by layering operation is prepared when elite stand is fallen leaves first 2 months.
2, descendant press strip
Below cultivated descendant, the soil of periphery digs the ditch of dark 10cm, the length of ditch is depending on the length of descendant, descendant is pressed in ditch, fill and lead up with fine earth, young sprout front end 7 leaves that basset are long, descendant basset position insert a bamboo pole, young sprout is strapped on bamboo pole and ensures its continued growth, plant fallen leaves pinching in first 20 days control growth.Descendant is cut off from base portion after plant enters resting stage by autumn, is separated with elite stand.
3, simple bud breeding
Spring, the press strip of taking root dug out after thawing by soil, and be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, simple bud branch section eye is directly planted upward in field or nutritive cube, thickness of earth covering 1cm; Matrix is irrigated, to kill soil-borne disease with 800 times of carbendazim; Adopt 30% shading screen to shade, and keep ground moistening, Survival rate of nursery stock recession, except shading, carries out normal field management.
Embodiment 5
1, descendant management
Adopt the plant of the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS kind " early red " grown fine, respectively cultivate healthy and strong descendant 8 to both sides each plant base portion is capable, descendant average length, at about 3m, ensures the vigorous growth of descendant plant.Propagation by layering operation is prepared when elite stand is fallen leaves first 4 months.
2, descendant press strip
Below cultivated descendant, the soil of periphery digs the ditch of dark 20cm, the length of ditch is depending on the length of descendant, descendant is pressed in ditch, fill and lead up with fine earth, young sprout front end 5 leaves that basset are long, descendant basset position insert a waddy, young sprout is strapped on bamboo pole and ensures its continued growth, plant fallen leaves pinching in first 50 days control growth.Descendant is cut off from base portion after plant enters resting stage by autumn, is separated with elite stand.
3, simple bud breeding
Spring, the press strip of taking root dug out after thawing by soil, and be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, simple bud branch section eye is directly planted upward in field or nutritive cube, thickness of earth covering 3cm; Matrix is irrigated, to kill soil-borne disease with 1000 times of thiophanate-methyls; Adopt 50% shading screen to shade, and keep ground moistening, Survival rate of nursery stock recession, except shading, carries out normal field management.
Embodiment 6
1, descendant management
Adopt the plant of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS kind " No. 1, the golden five tastes " grown fine, respectively cultivate healthy and strong descendant 9 to both sides each plant base portion is capable, descendant average length, at about 2m, ensures the vigorous growth of descendant plant.Propagation by layering operation is prepared when elite stand is fallen leaves first 3 months.
2, descendant press strip
Below cultivated descendant, the soil of periphery digs the ditch of dark 15cm, the length of ditch is depending on the length of descendant, descendant is pressed in ditch, fill and lead up with fine earth, young sprout front end 6 leaves that basset are long, descendant basset position insert an iron, young sprout is strapped on bamboo pole and ensures its continued growth, plant fallen leaves pinching in first 35 days control growth.Descendant is cut off from base portion after plant enters resting stage by autumn, is separated with elite stand.
3, simple bud breeding
Spring, the press strip of taking root dug out after thawing by soil, and be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, simple bud branch section eye is directly planted upward in field or nutritive cube, thickness of earth covering 2cm; Matrix is irrigated, to kill soil-borne disease with 2000 Bei hymexazos; Adopt 30% shading screen to shade, and keep ground moistening, Survival rate of nursery stock recession, except shading, carries out normal field management.
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS is the Chinese herbal medicine traditional simply of China, and energy nourishing generate fluid, kidney tonifying is nourished heart, and restrains astringent or styptic treatment for spontaneous sweating.Modern times are again for non-icteric type and delay chronic hepatitis.The new asexual reproduction method exploring Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS is significant to its promotion and application.Production practices show, development production estimation, must grasp seed selection improved seeds and improve culture technique two links.Only have the culture technique that application is suitable, just may produce the product of high yield and high quality, obtain good cultivation effect.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, seedling is fast, survival rate is high, be easy to management, is that one has higher promotional value schisandra cultivating process, has important facilitation to the development of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS large area artificial cultivation industry.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. a Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1), ditching on the soil of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS elite stand descendant periphery, descendant to be pressed in ditch as press strip and ditch filled and led up, staying young sprout leading portion to basset; By descendant pinching; After plant to be planted enters resting stage, descendant is separated from base portion with elite stand;
2), by the press strip of taking root dig out, be cut into the simple bud branch section of band root, eye is cultivated upward, and earthing on bud also uses a soil fungicides, shades; Treat that Survival rate of nursery stock recession is except cultivation of shading.
2. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in:
Described using descendant as press strip be pressed on the period of filling and leading up in ditch and by ditch be elite stand fallen leaves first 2 ~ 4 months.
3. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described descendant chooses the elite stand base portion in robust growth.
4. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described descendant length is between 1 ~ 3m.
5. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described ditch is between 10 ~ 20cm.
6. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described young sprout leading portion 5 ~ 7 leaves that basset are long.
7. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the period of described pinching is first 20 ~ 50 days of elite stand fallen leaves.
8. the Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that, in step 2) in:
On described bud during earthing, the thickness of earthing is 1 ~ 3cm.
9. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described soil fungicides is one or more in inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide, organic phosphor or arsenic bactericide, substituted beneze-group fungicides, triazole bactericidal agent, Antibiotics bactericide or other common fungicides.
10. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS propagation by layering method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described in the degree of shading that shades be 30 ~ 50%.
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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108029465A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 颍上县上安阳绿色农业发展有限公司 Cultivation technique and management method without frame Snakegourd Fruit
CN108419553A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-08-21 中国农业科学院特产研究所 A kind of method of the numerous seedling of tara vine green branch press strip simple bud
CN108966872A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-11 王哲 A kind of breeding implantation methods of Schisandra chinensis
CN109349009A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-02-19 三江县连城兴农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of kadsura longepedunculata potted landscape
CN111279894A (en) * 2018-12-10 2020-06-16 北京林业大学 Plant propagation method
CN112314204A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-05 广东省中药研究所 Layering breeding method of black tiger

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108029465A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 颍上县上安阳绿色农业发展有限公司 Cultivation technique and management method without frame Snakegourd Fruit
CN108419553A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-08-21 中国农业科学院特产研究所 A kind of method of the numerous seedling of tara vine green branch press strip simple bud
CN108966872A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-11 王哲 A kind of breeding implantation methods of Schisandra chinensis
CN109349009A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-02-19 三江县连城兴农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of kadsura longepedunculata potted landscape
CN111279894A (en) * 2018-12-10 2020-06-16 北京林业大学 Plant propagation method
CN112314204A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-05 广东省中药研究所 Layering breeding method of black tiger

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