CN105191656A - Zelkova serrata field cutting propagation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a zelkova serrata field cutting propagation method which comprises the following steps of nursery land selection; soil and seedbed preparation; soil disinfection; cutting slip preparation; cuttage; management after field cuttage. According to field cuttage provided by the invention, by being compared with a facility cuttage, the processes of seedling exercising and transplanting are omitted, the cost for raising seedlings by cuttage is greatly reduced, so that the technology provided by the invention is more easy to master and popularize; in addition, the field cuttage method provided by the invention can stabilize the excellent characteristics of zelkova serrata through cutting propagation, and shortens a seedling period, nursery-grown plants grow uniformly, the requirements of forestation and afforesting on the quality and specification uniformity of the nursery-grown plants are met, the base parts of cuttings start to expand after cutting slips being cut for 30 days, adventitious roots generate at callused parts after one week, the rooting effect is good and the rate of survival reaches to 82 percent.

Description

A kind of beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method, belong to field of plant cultivation.

Background technology

The rare and endangered tree species that beech tree is laid special stress on protecting for China's secondary.Deciduous tree, deep-rootedness seeds, main, side root system is all very flourishing, wind resistance power is strong.Happiness light, happiness temperature climate and fertile wet condition, strong adaptability, damage by disease and insect is few, and the life-span is long.These seeds can be used as medicinal, material, greening.Beech trees material is precious hard wealthy material, and material is excellent, can make high-grade furniture.Tree-like grace, tree crown is wide, is thick with leaves very thin, and the leaf variable color phase in autumn, early leaf look Seasonal dynamics change enriched, and is the important Colour-leaved trees and landscape planting seeds in autumn in the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Because resources development and utilization is excessive, make beech set stock number and sharply reduce and be in Critical Condition, be listed in the wild plant that national secondary is laid special stress on protecting.For this reason, strengthen seedling breeding dynamics, preserve and protect high-quality provenance to be the task of top priority.At present, beech tree propagation technique is based on seed propagation, and along with minimizing and the decline of provenance, in production, the frequent elite stand from remaining isolated tree or developmental deformity is collected seed, and causes the seed quality gathered to decline.And seedling variation is comparatively large, makes seedling growth regularity poor, causes trees middle and later periods growth differences larger.In addition beech set the obvious biennial bearing phenomenon of solid existence, also for the steady production of seedling causes harmful effect.Develop modern fast-growing and high-yield plantation and landscape tree is all higher to the requirement of nursery stock specification quality, therefore, form Developing Clonal Forestry idea of development.Developing Clonal Forestry is based on vegetative propagation technique, and existing vegetative propagation technique is the most easily grasped with cuttage technique and promoted.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method, the method can be accelerated to breed beech tree breeding, improves seedling quality, shortens growing-seedling period, reduce seedling cost.

Summary of the invention: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method, comprises the steps:

Step 1, ground, garden is selected:

Select soil thickness to be no less than 70cm, subterranean water level is no more than 0.5m, soil pH value be the soil of 5.5 ~ 7.5 as ground, garden, this soil soil property is fertile, damage by disease and insect is few, physical features is smooth, draining is good, have a good transport service, water source and supply of electric power abundance;

Step 2, make bed wholely:

Before whole ground, first apply base manure, even spreading ground, then turn over 25cm ~ 30cm, break up the clods, be made wide 1m ~ 1.2m, high 25cm ~ 35cm, the seedbed of long 10m ~ 20m waits to sow, the trend in described seedbed is North and South direction, seedbed surfacing, pine under upper reality, grogs is in small, broken bits, wherein, described base manure is cake fertilizer or N, P, K composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, described in the become thoroughly decomposed sowing amount of cake fertilizer be each every 667m ²execute 150kg, the sowing amount of described N, P, K composite fertilizer is each every 667m ²execute 50kg, N, P, K content in described N, P, K composite fertilizer is than being 15:15:15;

Step 3, soil disinfection:

After making bed before cuttage 5 ~ 7 days, spray bed surface with the ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of mass percentage 2 ~ 3% or ferrous sulfate pulvis, wherein, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution fountain height was each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ², ferrous sulfate pulvis fountain height is each 15kg/667m ², after making bed before cuttage 2 ~ 3 days, then spray bed surface with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that mass percentage is 70%, the fountain height of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution is each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ²;

Step 4, preparation cuttings:

Mid-March, select to carry out cutting strunk process without damage by disease and insect, bud healthy and strong full beech tree seedling, adopt lower branch and be placed on moisturizing in clear water, cuttings is produced on carries out in the shadely, cutting length is about 10cm, and diameter is greater than 0.3cm, and upper cut is apart from upper bud 1cm, lower cut is apart from lower bud 0.5cm, be all flat mouth up and down, each cutting retains 2 ~ 3 stalwartnesses, full axillalry buds, and the cuttings made is soaked in clear water, to reduce inhibitor to the impact of taking root, it is for subsequent use that every 30 cuttings are bundled into a bundle;

Step 5, cuttage:

Cuttage is at the cloudy day or carry out early morning, before cuttage, matrix is watered permeable, and compacting, it is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1%-0.5% that the base portion 2cm of cuttings for subsequent use is immersed mass percentage, take out after soaking 12-24h, again cuttings base portion 2cm is immersed in cobalamin solution, take out after soaking 5min, after liquid inspiration, cuttings is inserted in matrix, cave is drawn with glass bar during cuttage, line-spacing 6cm × the 10cm of cuttage strain, the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cutting length, waters permeable after cuttage; After cuttage, about 30 days cutting base portions start to expand, and after one week, callus position produces adventive root; Wherein, described matrix is river sand, vermiculite, perlite, plain sandy soil, turfy soil, curdy fur moss, rice chaff ash and sawdust mixing in any proportion;

Step 6, manages after the cuttage of land for growing field crops:

Covered with sunshade net in cuttings, routine observation cuttings growing state, the supplementary seedbed moisture of timely and appropriate discovery.

Beneficial effect: land for growing field crops of the present invention cuttage comparatively facility cuttage, eliminate the process of hardening and transplanting, greatly reduce cuttage and seedling culture cost, this technology is made more easily to grasp and promote, in addition, land for growing field crops of the present invention cottage method can stablize the merit of beech tree by cutting propagation, shorten growing-seedling period, and seedling growth is neat, meet afforestation and afforest the requirement to seedling quality and specification consistency, after cuttings cuttage, about 30 days cutting base portions start to expand, and after one week, callus position produces adventive root, rooting efficiency is better, and survival rate reaches 82%.

Embodiment

According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.

Embodiment 1

A kind of beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method, comprises the steps:

Step 1, ground, garden is selected:

Select soil thickness to be no less than 70cm, subterranean water level is no more than 0.5m, and soil pH value is 5.5 ~ 7.5, and soil property is fertile, damage by disease and insect is few, physical features is smooth, draining is good, have a good transport service, the soil of water source and supply of electric power abundance is as garden;

Step 2, make bed wholely:

Before whole ground, first apply base manure, even spreading ground, then turn over 25cm ~ 30cm, break up the clods, be made wide 1m ~ 1.2m, high 25cm ~ 35cm, the seedbed of long 10m ~ 20m waits to sow, the trend in described seedbed is North and South direction, seedbed surfacing, pine under upper reality, grogs is in small, broken bits, wherein, described base manure is cake fertilizer or N, P, K composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, described in the become thoroughly decomposed sowing amount of cake fertilizer be each every 667m ²execute 150kg, the sowing amount of described N, P, K composite fertilizer is each every 667m ²execute 50kg, N, P, K content in described N, P, K composite fertilizer is than being 15:15:15;

Step 3, soil disinfection:

After making bed before cuttage 5 ~ 7 days, spray bed surface with the ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of mass percentage 2 ~ 3% or ferrous sulfate pulvis, wherein, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution fountain height was each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ², ferrous sulfate pulvis fountain height is each 15kg/667m ², after making bed before cuttage 2 ~ 3 days, then spray bed surface with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that mass percentage is 70%, the fountain height of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution is each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ²;

Step 4, preparation cuttings:

Mid-March, select to carry out cutting strunk process without damage by disease and insect, bud healthy and strong full beech tree seedling, adopt lower branch and be placed on moisturizing in clear water, cuttings is produced on carries out in the shadely, cutting length is about 10cm, and diameter is greater than 0.3cm, and upper cut is apart from upper bud 1cm, lower cut is apart from lower bud 0.5cm, be all flat mouth up and down, each cutting retains 2 ~ 3 stalwartnesses, full axillalry buds, and the cuttings made is soaked in clear water, to reduce inhibitor to the impact of taking root, it is for subsequent use that every 30 cuttings are bundled into a bundle;

Step 5, cuttage:

Cuttage is at the cloudy day or carry out early morning, before cuttage, matrix is watered permeable, and compacting, it is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1%-0.5% that the base portion 2cm of cuttings for subsequent use is immersed mass percentage, take out after soaking 12-24h, again cuttings base portion 2cm is immersed in cobalamin solution, take out after soaking 5min, after liquid inspiration, cuttings is inserted in matrix, cave is drawn with glass bar during cuttage, line-spacing 6cm × the 10cm of cuttage strain, the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cutting length, waters permeable after cuttage; After cuttage, about 30 days cutting base portions start to expand, and after one week, callus position produces adventive root; Wherein, described matrix is river sand, vermiculite, perlite, plain sandy soil, turfy soil, curdy fur moss, rice chaff ash and sawdust mixing in any proportion;

Step 6, manages after the cuttage of land for growing field crops:

Covered with sunshade net in cuttings, routine observation cuttings growing state, the supplementary seedbed moisture of timely and appropriate discovery.

Claims (1)

1. a beech tree land for growing field crops cuttage breeding method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

Step 1, select ground, garden:

Select soil thickness to be no less than 70cm, subterranean water level is no more than 0.5m, and soil pH value is that the soil of 5.5 ~ 7.5 is as ground, garden.

Step 2, make bed wholely:

Before whole ground, first apply base manure, even spreading ground, then turn over 25cm ~ 30cm, breaks up the clods, and be made wide 1m ~ 1.2m, high 25cm ~ 35cm, the seedbed of long 10m ~ 20m waits to sow, the trend in described seedbed is North and South direction; Wherein, described base manure is cake fertilizer or N, P, K composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, described in the become thoroughly decomposed sowing amount of cake fertilizer be each every 667m ²execute 150kg, the sowing amount of described N, P, K composite fertilizer is each every 667m ²execute 50kg, N, P, K content ratio in described N, P, K composite fertilizer is 15: 15: 15;

Step 3, soil disinfection:

After making bed before cuttage 5 ~ 7 days, spray bed surface with the ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of mass percentage 2 ~ 3% or ferrous sulfate pulvis, wherein, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution fountain height was each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ², ferrous sulfate pulvis fountain height is each 15kg/667m ², after making bed before cuttage 2 ~ 3 days, then spray bed surface with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that mass percentage is 70%, the fountain height of the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution is each 3 ~ 4.5kg/m ²;

Step 4, preparation cuttings:

Mid-March, select to carry out cutting strunk process without damage by disease and insect, bud healthy and strong full beech tree seedling, adopt lower branch and be placed on moisturizing in clear water, cuttings is produced on carries out in the shadely, cutting length is about 10cm, and diameter is greater than 0.3cm, and upper cut is apart from upper bud 1cm, lower cut is apart from lower bud 0.5cm, be all flat mouth up and down, each cutting retains 2 ~ 3 stalwartnesses, full axillalry buds, and the cuttings made is soaked in clear water, to reduce inhibitor to the impact of taking root, it is for subsequent use that every 30 cuttings are bundled into a bundle;

Step 5, cuttage:

Cuttage is at the cloudy day or carry out early morning, before cuttage, matrix is watered permeable, and compacting, it is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1%-0.5% that the base portion 2cm of cuttings for subsequent use is immersed mass percentage, take out after soaking 12-24h, again cuttings base portion 2cm is immersed in cobalamin solution, take out after soaking 5min, after liquid inspiration, cuttings is inserted in matrix, cave is drawn with glass bar during cuttage, line-spacing 6cm × the 10cm of cuttage strain, the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cutting length, cuttings is watered permeable after cuttage; Described matrix is river sand, vermiculite, perlite, plain sandy soil, turfy soil, curdy fur moss, rice chaff ash and sawdust mixing in any proportion;

Step 6, manages after the cuttage of land for growing field crops:

Covered with sunshade net in cuttings, routine observation cuttings growing state, the supplementary seedbed moisture of timely and appropriate discovery.