CN105145083A - Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture - Google Patents
Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105145083A CN105145083A CN201510583994.9A CN201510583994A CN105145083A CN 105145083 A CN105145083 A CN 105145083A CN 201510583994 A CN201510583994 A CN 201510583994A CN 105145083 A CN105145083 A CN 105145083A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- qinghai
- organic
- grass
- pasture
- grassland
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a directional breeding method of a cutting type natural pasture. The directional breeding method of the cutting type natural pasture comprises the following steps: selecting grassland, eliminating damage caused by rats, selecting grass seeds, reseeding and applying fertilizer, implementing grazing prohibition, and cutting. The directional breeding method of the cutting type natural pasture has the advantages that several kinds of perennial grasses applicable to mainland with high yield and high feeding value and combination thereof are selected, and the cutting type natural pasture is constructed by virtue of organic grassland agricultural management measures and grassland reseeding and cutting technologies, so that the utilization efficiency of grassland environmental resources is improved; the content of protein in pastures is increased, and the feeding value of the pastures is increased, so that the total quantity of a pasture soil seed bank is increased; besides, production advantages of natural grassland are effectively played, and stable production, high yield and high-quality productivity are continuously obtained, so that conflict between grass and livestock is relieved, forage grass supply and nutritional requirement for grazing livestock in winter and spring can be met, and loss of flesh and number of death of the livestock in the winter and spring can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation and Application way of meadow, particularly a kind of being suitable for Qinghai-Tibet Alpine meadow is cultivated the method cradling the organic native pasture of type and utilization thereof.
Background technology
China's natural meadow ecological environment frailty; under such habitat conditions, Developing Grassland Agriculture just should on the basis of Carrying capacity; take ecological environmental protection as first object; replace high quantity, low price for strategy with high-quality, high price, this is the road inquired into of Organic farming just.Improving constantly simultaneously along with living standards of the people and environmental consciousness, people are no longer satisfied with the consumption quantity of animal product, but its product quality of pay attention to day by day and food security, the environmental objective of this market demand both domestic and external and development of the West Regions is all that the development of Qinghai-Tibet Organic farming provides excellent opportunity.
Qinghai-Tibet Platean is called as " third place in the world level ", has unique geographical environment and special weather conditions.Wherein Alpine meadow is the ecosystem that Qinghai-Tibet distribution area is maximum, type is maximum; one of most important eco-functional regionalization of Ye Shi China; " sources of three rivers " ecological preservation area in one of " large nuisanceless ultra-clean district of the world four " that the whole world is generally acknowledged just wherein; enrich in district and the Alpine vegetation of uniqueness is high and cold biological natural germplasm resources bank, there is significant water conservation, solid carbon increases remittance, maintain the effect of bio-diversity.It is not only the home that millions of each race herdsman compatriot depends on for existence and development, is also the important step being related to national ecological environmental protection and economic development.Implementing in the process protected, build and develop, should be double cautious, great attention be should give to its particularity, otherwise will stay irremediable sorry, even disaster.Therefore the ecotope of this uniqueness, climate characteristic and resources advantage make Qinghai-Tibet Platean become the natural fertile soil of development organic animal husbandry, and development organic animal husbandry also becomes the major measure of this area's Grasslands Eco-construction and environmental protection.Organic animal husbandry is greatly developed in Qinghai-Tibet each provinces and regions in recent years, strengthens organic animal husbandry construction of production base, accelerates to advance organic grassland certification work.By the end of the end of the year 2014, Qinghai Province will reach 2,192 ten thousand mu by the native pasture of organic livestock production certification.
But the main Land use systems of the organic natural meadow in present stage Alpine-arctic Pastoral or traditional grazing-type grassland, because (overloading ratio reaches 60-120%) and irrational utilization are herded excessively in long-term overload, cause high and cold organic grassland serious degradation, the winter-spring season deterioration of grasslands performance particularly accounting for the Alpine meadow gross area 35% is the most serious, and grassland degeneration area reaches 40-60%.Main manifestations is that Steppe Plants cover degree reduces, and Forage Productivity declines, and soil seed bank, soil seed pool loss is serious, and self-recovery and the ability of reconstruction on meadow decline.The high and cold area forage grass supply that this just causes is seasonal uneven, the aggravation of contradictions of grass poultry.
Although sown pasture is as the advanced form of leamangement, effectively can solve forage grass and supply unbalanced problem, but the sustainable utilization of artificially sown pastures becomes a great problem again, effectively solved for many years, in addition the construction of Alpine meadow artificially sown pastures is by the restriction of natural conditions, can not set up sown pasture in large area meadow of turning in Qinghai-Tibet Platean simultaneously.Therefore, needing the directive breeding carrying out organic native pasture of suiting measures to local conditions in Alpine-arctic Pastoral badly and can make the efficient and sustainable development of Alpine meadow organic animal husbandry, is also effective model that is ecological, production doulbe-sides' victory.
Summary of the invention
Can not large area to turn over meadow on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, and sown pasture is difficult to Sustainable Utilization.The object of the invention is the blank filling up prior art, a kind of method and the Application way thereof that are suitable for the directive breeding of winter-spring season natural meadow becomes to cradle by Qinghai-Tibet organic Alpine meadow the organic native pasture of type are provided.The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A directed cultivation method for the organic native pasture of the type that cradles, comprises following steps; Meadow is selected, go out except the plague of rats, grass seed selection, after-culture fertilising, taboo are herded management, cradled; It is characterized in that, grass seeds selects Elymus nutans, green grass or young crops is herded in No. 1 both siberian wildrye any one, and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass, any one in the flat stem annual bluegrass in Qinghai, and Qinghai Festuca sinensis, and Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica; The consumption of grass seeds is: Elymus nutans, green grass or young crops are herded No. 1 siberian wildrye amount of broadcasting and be 12 ~ 15kg/hm
2, Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass, the flat stem annual bluegrass in Qinghai, Qinghai Festuca sinensis, the Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica amount of broadcasting are 6.0 ~ 7.5kg/hm
2.
Preferably, meadow is selected in step, and select the grassland, Winter-Spring from the opposed flattened close to herdsmen's settlement, area is appraised and decided according to self livestock number.
Preferably, the plague of rats goes out except in step, and use the biological creotoxin of D type on the ground, artificial bait throwing in, usage amount is 15mL/hm
2; The underground plague of rats uses bow and arrow control.
Preferably, after-culture fertilising step in, seedtime May the first tenday period of a month ~ early June, utilize subdivision machine to carry out drilling, sowing depth is 2cm ~ 3cm, applies fertilizer simultaneously.
Preferably, fertilising uses the biological organic fertilizer of the content of organic matter>=35%, N P and K>=6%, moisture≤20%, and fertilizing amount is 750 ~ 900kg/hm
2.
Preferably, Cutting times is: Second Year mid or late September uses machinery to cradle, fencing 1 year after cradling 3 years continuously.
Preferably, Cutting times is: Second Year mid or late September uses machinery to cradle, and stays 3 ~ 5m wide straw cord not cradle after often cradling the wide meadow of 15m perpendicular to wind direction.
An Application way for the organic native pasture of the type that cradles, is used for winter-spring season supplementary feeding by the above-mentioned grass that cradles, and meadow aftergrass is used for winter-spring season livestock as meadow storage grass and herds.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Several perennial grass that the output that the present invention selects native country to be suitable for is high, feeding value is high and combination thereof, by Organic farming control measures and oversowing, cradle technology building and become to cradle the organic native pasture of type, by complex art integrated innovation, cut issue (Second Year late September) gramineous forage grass average height is 66.4cm, 41.6% is exceeded than the 46.9cm of fencing native pasture of the same type, than grazing-type meadow of the same type, (forage grass utilization rate is 60%, and stocking rate is 3.15 Ge Yang unit/hm
2) 24.7cm high by 168.8%; Leguminous forage average height is 25.4cm, and in fencing native pasture of the same type and grazing-type grassland, the frequency of occurrences of leguminous forage is few; Hay gross yield reaches 4.73t/hm
2, than the 2.98t/hm of fencing native pasture of the same type
2volume increase 59.7%, than the 0.39t/hm on grazing-type meadow of the same type
2high by 1112.8%; Cradling careless crude protein content is 11.8%, adds 49.9% by the mixed seeding of standing grain beans than 7.87% of fencing native pasture of the same type, higher by 41.8% than 8.32% of grazing-type meadow of the same type; Crude fat content is 16.9%, adds 19.0% than 14.2% of fencing native pasture of the same type, higher by 14.2% than 14.8% of grazing-type meadow of the same type; Soil 0 ~ 30cm total nitrogen content is 10.65g/kg, improves 40.3% than the 7.59g/kg of fencing native pasture of the same type, improves 42.6% than the 7.47g/kg of fencing native pasture of the same type.
The present invention is applicable to Alpine-arctic Pastoral, height above sea level 3200 ~ 4000m, and average annual precipitation is not less than organic Alpine Meadow of 400mm.Species ecological niche principle in application group, by the leguminous forage mixed seeding of grass family different for vertical turf height and rich in protein, improves the utilization ratio of meadow environmental resource, increases herbage protein content, lifting feeding value of forage.By efficient mechanical after-culture fertilizer practice, rational meadow cradles technology, add herbage soil seed bank, soil seed pool total amount, the production advantage of effective performance natural meadow, continues the productivity obtaining stable and high yields, high-quality, alleviates grass poultry contradiction, ensure forage grass supply and the nutritional need of winter-spring season pasture stock, reduce livestock winter-spring season to lose flesh and dead quantity, simultaneously in conjunction with the Organic farming control measures of science, the organic farm products of production high-quality, high price.
Embodiment
Below by concrete embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Plantation place: Huang Nan Zhouhe Nan County, Qinghai Province Ga Qingcun
Height above sea level: 3856 meters
Cultivated area: 250 mu
Planting process:
Use the biological creotoxin of D type to go out except the ground plague of rats on April 16th, (1) 2013, artificial bait throwing in, usage amount is 15mL/hm
2; Use the bow and arrow control underground plague of rats;
(2) select Elymus nutans+Qinghai flat stem annual bluegrass+Qinghai Festuca sinensis+Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica, during drilling, the Elymus nutans amount of broadcasting is 12kg/hm
2; The flat stem annual bluegrass in Qinghai and the Qinghai Festuca sinensis amount of broadcasting are 6kg/hm
2; The Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica amount of broadcasting is 7.5kg/hm
2;
(3) mechanical after-culture fertilising: on May 23rd, 2013 utilizes subdivision machine to carry out drilling, and sowing depth is 2cm ~ 3cm, applies fertilizer simultaneously; Use biological organic fertilizer (content of organic matter>=35%, N P and K>=6%, moisture≤20%), fertilizing amount is 750kg/hm
2;
(4) manage: herdsman starts livestock to proceed to summer-planted peanut June, herbage growth season carries out taboo and herds;
(5) Cutting times: on September 18th, 2014 brings into use machinery to cradle, and employing part cradles pattern, stays the wide straw cord of 5m not cradle after often cradling the wide meadow of 15m, cradles 188 mu altogether, stay 62 mu of seedings perpendicular to wind direction;
(6) utilize: grass will be cradled and be processed into round bale and carry out winter-spring season supplementary feeding, hay yield amounts to 65.8t, meadow aftergrass is herded for being used for winter-spring season livestock as meadow storage grass, ensure forage grass supply and the nutritional need of winter-spring season pasture stock, livestock winter-spring season is lost flesh and is decreased 56.1%, and lethality decreases 76.9%.
Embodiment 2
Plantation place: Huang Nan Zhouhe Nan County, Qinghai Province Nan Qicun
Height above sea level: 3687 meters
Cultivated area: 200 mu
Planting process:
Use the biological creotoxin of D type to go out except the ground plague of rats on April 10th, (1) 2012, artificial bait throwing in, usage amount is 15mL/hm
2; Use the bow and arrow control underground plague of rats;
(2) select green grass or young crops to herd No. 1 siberian wildrye+Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass+Qinghai Festuca sinensis+Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica, during drilling, green grass or young crops herds No. 1 siberian wildrye amount of broadcasting is 15kg/hm
2; Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass and the Qinghai Festuca sinensis amount of broadcasting are 7.5kg/hm
2; The Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica amount of broadcasting is 6kg/hm
2;
(3) mechanical after-culture fertilising: on May 19th, 2012 utilizes subdivision machine to carry out drilling, and sowing depth is 2cm ~ 3cm, applies fertilizer simultaneously; Use biological organic fertilizer (content of organic matter>=35%, N P and K>=6%, moisture≤20%), fertilizing amount is 900kg/hm
2, use with sowing simultaneously;
(4) manage: herdsman starts livestock to proceed to summer-planted peanut June, herbage growth season carries out taboo and herds;
(5) Cutting times: on September 20th, 2013 brings into use machinery to cradle, adopts whole points to cradle pattern;
(6) utilize: grass will be cradled and be processed into round bale and carry out winter-spring season supplementary feeding, hay yield amounts to 55.6t, meadow aftergrass is herded for being used for winter-spring season livestock as meadow storage grass, ensure forage grass supply and the nutritional need of winter-spring season pasture stock, livestock winter-spring season is lost flesh and is decreased 58.3%, and lethality decreases 78.7%.
Claims (8)
1. cradle a directed cultivation method for the organic native pasture of type, comprise following steps: meadow is selected, go out except the plague of rats, grass seed selection, after-culture fertilising, taboo are herded management, cradled; It is characterized in that, grass seeds selects Elymus nutans, green grass or young crops is herded in No. 1 both siberian wildrye any one, and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass, any one in the flat stem annual bluegrass in Qinghai, and Qinghai Festuca sinensis, and Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica; The consumption of grass seeds is: Elymus nutans, green grass or young crops are herded No. 1 siberian wildrye amount of broadcasting and be 12 ~ 15kg/hm
2, Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass, the flat stem annual bluegrass in Qinghai, Qinghai Festuca sinensis, the Qinghai-Tibet Medicago ruthenica amount of broadcasting are 6.0 ~ 7.5kg/hm
2.
2. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 1, is characterized in that, meadow is selected in step, and select the grassland, Winter-Spring from the opposed flattened close to herdsmen's settlement, area is appraised and decided according to self livestock number.
3. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the plague of rats goes out except in step, and use the biological creotoxin of D type on the ground, artificial bait throwing in, usage amount is 15mL/hm
2; The underground plague of rats uses bow and arrow control.
4. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in after-culture fertilising step, seedtime May the first tenday period of a month ~ early June, utilize subdivision machine to carry out drilling, sowing depth is 2cm ~ 3cm, applies fertilizer simultaneously.
5. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 4, is characterized in that, fertilising uses the biological organic fertilizer of the content of organic matter>=35%, N P and K>=6%, moisture≤20%, and fertilizing amount is 750 ~ 900kg/hm
2.
6. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, Cutting times is: Second Year mid or late September uses machinery to cradle, fencing 1 year after cradling 3 years continuously.
7. a kind of directed cultivation method cradling the organic native pasture of type according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, Cutting times is: Second Year mid or late September uses machinery to cradle, and stays 3 ~ 5m wide straw cord not cradle after often cradling the wide meadow of 15m perpendicular to wind direction.
8. cradle an Application way for the organic native pasture of type, it is characterized in that, the grass that cradles in arbitrary for claim 6 or 7 is used for winter-spring season supplementary feeding, meadow aftergrass is used for winter-spring season livestock as meadow storage grass and herds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510583994.9A CN105145083A (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-09-15 | Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510583994.9A CN105145083A (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-09-15 | Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105145083A true CN105145083A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
Family
ID=54786486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510583994.9A Pending CN105145083A (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-09-15 | Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105145083A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106941946A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-14 | 山东大学 | A kind of restorative procedure of degeneration meadow dominant plant |
| CN108293715A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | The organic cultivation method of Alpine-arctic Pastoral graminous pasture |
| CN109601279A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of Native species hybrid sowing method restored for Alpine Grasslands |
| CN110115201A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-13 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所 | A kind of after-culture method being suitable for Tibet heavy-degraded meadow |
| CN111264311A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-12 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for establishing mowing type natural grass-mowing field in alpine pasturing area in northwest of Sichuan |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102523882A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 青海省畜牧兽医科学院 | Method for establishing mowing-type artificial grassland on black soil beach |
| CN102696366A (en) * | 2011-03-05 | 2012-10-03 | 董志国 | Technology for establishing and planting artificial pasture in non-irrigation desert and semi-desert regions |
| CN103250537A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-21 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for modifying Tibet plateau alpine meadow grassland into mowing grassland |
-
2015
- 2015-09-15 CN CN201510583994.9A patent/CN105145083A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102696366A (en) * | 2011-03-05 | 2012-10-03 | 董志国 | Technology for establishing and planting artificial pasture in non-irrigation desert and semi-desert regions |
| CN102523882A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 青海省畜牧兽医科学院 | Method for establishing mowing-type artificial grassland on black soil beach |
| CN103250537A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-21 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for modifying Tibet plateau alpine meadow grassland into mowing grassland |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 德科加: "《青南牧区牧业生产综合配套集成技术运作模式研究》", 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》 * |
| 那比不拉·候赛因: "《建立高产刈牧兼用型人工草地植被恢复试验》", 《新疆畜牧业》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106941946A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-14 | 山东大学 | A kind of restorative procedure of degeneration meadow dominant plant |
| CN106941946B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-07-23 | 山东大学 | A kind of restorative procedure of degeneration meadow dominant plant |
| CN108293715A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | The organic cultivation method of Alpine-arctic Pastoral graminous pasture |
| CN115067044A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2022-09-20 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Fertilizing method and organic cultivation method for organic cultivation of gramineous forage grass in alpine pasturing area |
| CN109601279A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of Native species hybrid sowing method restored for Alpine Grasslands |
| CN110115201A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-13 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所 | A kind of after-culture method being suitable for Tibet heavy-degraded meadow |
| CN111264311A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-12 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for establishing mowing type natural grass-mowing field in alpine pasturing area in northwest of Sichuan |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102742551B (en) | Method for grazing goats by planting pasture in hilly tea garden | |
| CN103947441B (en) | Nonoculture alfalfa field interplanting in summer silage corn implantation methods | |
| CN103250537B (en) | Method for modifying Tibet plateau alpine meadow grassland into mowing grassland | |
| Simsek et al. | The effects of different irrigation regimes on yield and silage quality of corn under semi-arid conditions | |
| CN102696380A (en) | Method for inter-planting forage grass in orchards at karst rock desertification region | |
| CN102972209A (en) | Method for interplanting stropharia rugosannulata in vineyard | |
| CN104126378A (en) | Camellia oleifera plantation pasture planting and chicken stocking method | |
| CN105145083A (en) | Directional breeding and utilization method of cutting type organic natural pasture | |
| CN103704021A (en) | Planting method for crop rotation of edible fungi and rice | |
| CN102884935A (en) | Plant maca growing method in lower altitude areas | |
| CN103202164A (en) | Ryegrass and legume mixing sowing method | |
| CN104170628A (en) | Method for producing silage materials by mix sowing of corn and calabar beans | |
| CN105900832A (en) | Grass breeding method | |
| CN108575579A (en) | A method of producing ensilage raw material | |
| CN103081686B (en) | Qinghai-Tibet plateau high-cold pasturing area greenhouse grass planting technology | |
| Medhi et al. | Impact of climate resilient practices under NICRA project in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya | |
| CN104686257B (en) | A kind of Alpine-arctic Pastoral Around the house Planting Grass technology | |
| Nigus | Pasture management and improvement strategies in Ethiopia | |
| CN106508340A (en) | Breeding method integrating fish farming, cattle raising and planting | |
| CN104609910B (en) | A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102487710A (en) | Pasture planting method | |
| CN104230599A (en) | Apricot nutrition pot seedling-growing organic matter compound fertilizer | |
| CN106879338A (en) | The cultural method planted between two kinds of high quality grass and blue or green jujube tree | |
| CN108925326A (en) | A kind of wintering method of Jujun grasses | |
| CN106717835A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of bambusa lapidea shoots |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20151216 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |