CN105144911B - A kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105144911B CN105144911B CN201510627885.2A CN201510627885A CN105144911B CN 105144911 B CN105144911 B CN 105144911B CN 201510627885 A CN201510627885 A CN 201510627885A CN 105144911 B CN105144911 B CN 105144911B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method, comprise the following steps：(1) seed pre-treatment；(2) germination；(3) quartz sand transplanting strong sprout；(4) Solution culture method.Compared with prior art, the present invention is transplanted strong sprout and Solution culture method seedling three phases by germination, quartz sand, is finally cultivated into switchgrass seedling using the switchgrass seed through natural after-ripening in more than 2 years.Simple, easy to operate with equipment, the seedling time is relatively much shorter, the advantages of specification consistency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method, belong to seedling-wood breeding field.
Background technology
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is initiated by the east of the rockies of North America, prairie on the south 55 ° of north latitude
High stalk perennial herb C4Plant.Compared with traditional crop, the drought-resistant ability of switchgrass is strong, and fertilizer requirement is few, and insect pest is few, yield
Height, maximum output can reach 74.1t/hm2.Not only biomass is big for switchgrass, and cell membrane (dry) contains lignin and fibre
The content for tieing up element is high, and being just asserted the model organism energy by U.S. department of energy (USDOE) selection early in switchgrass in 1992 makees
Thing.
Switchgrass seed is typically small, and mass of 1000 kernel only has 1g or so, and with very high dormant trait.Studies have reported that new
Harvest percentage of seedgermination only has 3%~28%, must could normally be germinateed after even more prolonged after-ripening in 2 years.To improve hair
Bud rate, can generally carry out moistening freezing stratification or dry heat treatment to seed.Result of study shows that 4 DEG C are handled 3 weeks, switchgrass
Highest germination percentage can reach 93.08%.Xeothermic 57 DEG C of processing 45d highests germination percentage is 91.12%.But above method handles seed
Afterwards there is also germination percentage it is unstable, spend the time length, program is relative complex, need relevant device and excessive temperature to reduce germination
The shortcomings of gesture even kills seed.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of straw or like vegetable culture side
Method.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) seed pre-treatment：Seed is dried under sunlight condition first, it is then molten using sulfuric acid solution and ethanol
Two kinds of disinfectants of liquid carry out seed disinfection；
(2) germination：Seed obtained by step (1) is placed in deionized water and soaked, then takes out and is germinateed, is set
Germination temperature, sprays water in the set time daily；
(3) quartz sand transplanting strong sprout：When growing to 2~3cm to seedling after germination, transplanted seedlings to quartz sand；
(4) Solution culture method：When growth of seedling to two panels true leaf, from quartz sand move on to nutrient solution in normal growth.
Preferably, it is 1-2 days that the time is dried described in step (1).
As it is another preferably, sterilization method is described in step (1)：Seed is gone into the removal of impurity, in 50% sulfuric acid solution
20~40min of middle immersion, goes sulfuric acid, plus outwells deionized water after deionized water cleaning seed 2~3 times, then seed is soaked
20~40min in 75% ethanol solution, removes ethanol, adds deionized water cleaning seed 3~5 times.
As it is another preferably, soak time described in step (2) be 6-12 hours.
As it is another preferably, germination temperature described in step (2) be 30~33 DEG C.
As it is another preferably, the method for transplanting seedlings is described in step (3)：Contained, sprinkled water with container after quartz sand is sterilized
Its holding surface is moistened, hole is then pricked on quartz sand, hole is pricked into consistent, the healthy and strong seedling implantation of the growing way chosen,
Quartz sand makes seedling uprightly fix around compacting seedling, is subsequently placed under illumination cultivation frame and grows, daily set time water spray.
As it is another preferably, nutrient solution described in step (4) be Huo Gelan nutrient solutions, culture the incipient stage it is dense with 1/4
Degree, 1/2 concentration is used after one week.
As it is another preferably, the method that nutrient solution is moved on to described in step (4) is：Nutrient solution is added to lighttight
In container, drill, then swathe more than root seedling with sponge strip in container cover, swathing the seedling root system of sponge down
During insertion container cover drills, the elasticity with sponge makes seedling be fixed in hole, and seedling root system is totally submerged in nutrient solution liquid
Under face, illumination cultivation under culturing rack is finally placed in.
As it is another preferably, the straw or like vegetable be switchgrass.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention is passed through using the switchgrass seed through natural after-ripening in more than 2 years
Germination, quartz sand transplanting strong sprout and Solution culture method seedling three phases, finally cultivate into switchgrass seedling.With equipment letter
Single, easy to operate, the seedling time is relatively much shorter, the advantages of specification consistency is high.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment
Specific method is as follows：
(1) seed pre-treatment：
Selection picking time reaches the switchgrass seed of more than 2 years, and this method is Dacotah using kind.It will be planted before germination
Species puts into gauze bag, is placed in outdoor ventilation, dries 1~2d in the case where sunlight irradiates sufficient weather, makes its natural air drying.So
After carry out disinfection, method is：Seed is gone into the removal of impurity, 20~30min is soaked in 50% sulfuric acid solution, is taken off with kind of a skin, gradually
Gradually expose white embryo to be advisable.Remove sulfuric acid, plus after deionized water cleaning seed 2~3 times, then seed is soaked in 75% ethanol
20~30min in solution.It is subsequently added deionized water cleaning seed 3~5 times.During seed soaks, container can be fixed on
Vibrated back and forth on oscillator, seed is fully contacted with antiseptic solution, strengthen Disinfection Effect.
(2) germination：
Before germination, the malicious seed that will disappear is soaked in deionized water 6-12 hours, for the thicker seed of kind of skin, should be soaked
A night is steeped, allows seed to suction moisture.After being worked more than completing, prepare a clean culture dish, the metafiltration paper of pad 2, by seed companion
Deionized water is poured onto on filter paper together, and seed is divided uniformly on filter paper upper berth with disposable plastic dropper and excessive moisture is sucked
Make filter paper without bright water, be careful not to allow seed to stick together.Culture dish lid then is covered, culture dish is placed in germinating box, is germinateed
Temperature setting is between 30~33 DEG C.During germination, sprayed water daily in the set time with watering can toward filter paper, prevent seed drying to lack
Water.
Above germinating method, simple, workable, by 3~7d, more than 90% seed can germinate.
(3) quartz sand transplanting strong sprout：
Need to move on to quartz sand plant when seedling is grown to close to ware lid in culture dish.Purpose is to divide seedling from coherent condition
Open, it is individually grown, be conducive to gradually growing.
1. strong sprout box prepares
Prepare hanging below a rectangular plastic magazine, the built-in same smaller plastic basket of shape, plastic basket, plastic basket liner
Upper white window screening, prevents quartz sand from being spilt from plastic basket hole.Pour 20 sterilized mesh quartz sands into plastic basket and pave, height
It is suitable from 2~3cm of plastic casing top edge with quartz sand.
2. transplanting culture
Deionized water is loaded onto in plastic casing in advance, amount is suitable to be impregnated with quartz sand.Uniformly pricked on quartz sand with tweezers
The elongated tweezers of consistent, the healthy and strong seedling of the growing way chosen gently are chosen filter paper by hole, and hole, compacting seedling week are pricked in implantation
Enclosing quartz sand makes seedling uprightly fix, whole process action want it is light and slow prevent from fractureing seedling or injure root system.Seedling seeding row spacing is controlled
In 1~2cm × 1~2cm.After sprigging, it is placed under illumination cultivation frame and grows, light application time is set to daily 16h, and temperature is 30
~33 DEG C.Every 2~3d observations once, and add deionized water to keep quartz sand surface to moisten always, and seedling will be long after general 5~7d
Go out young leaves.
(4) Solution culture method：
When growth of seedling to two panels true leaf, it is possible to from quartz sand move on to nutrient solution in continue cultivate growth, as symbol
Experiment is closed with each specification seedling.
1st, culture vessel prepares
Using common 1L plastic beakers as container, appearance wraps black plastic paper or the wide adhesive tape of black, prevents it from printing opacity
Simulate soil dark-grown condition.The another black square plastic plate for preparing does beaker cover, bores 5~7 on plastic plate as needed
Equally distributed hole, 1~1.5cm of aperture.
2nd, nutrient solution
This method uses Huo Gelan nutrient solutions.The culture incipient stage uses 1/4 concentration, and 1/2 concentration is used after one week.
3. plant and culture
Whole strain seedling is carefully taken out from quartz sand, sand grains is washed off into clean water, seedling is sticked on moistening towel, arrangement
Neatly, the consistent seedling of screening growing way, with long a width of 4~6cm × 1.5~2.5cm sponge strip, (sponge strip need to soak in advance
75% ethanol disinfection), swathed more than seedling root, power is moderate, the seedling root system for swathing sponge is inserted plastic board hole down
In, retractility and elasticity with sponge make seedling be fixed in hole, and other holes are all implanted between seedling, each seedling root system in the same way
Should not occur winding mutually, if any completely separable, nutrient solution be filled it up with beaker, covering plastic plate is totally submerged seedling root system
In under liquid level, being careful not to make sponge bottom contact with nutrient solution, to prevent occurring Browning.Beaker is placed in light under culturing rack
According to culture, temperature light is set ibid.
Cultivated, switchgrass seedling growing way is uniform, and in the same size, more than 90% reaches 5 leaves, fit by 2~3 weeks nutrient solution stages
Cooperate as every bio-chemical characteristics material.
Also switchgrass seedling can be cultivated using earth culture in laboratory, but this method is coarse, survival rate is low, and seedling specification is not easily-controllable
System.The present invention uses nature after-ripening seed, by principal disinfectant agent of dilute sulfuric acid with kind skin caustic treatment seed, it is ensured that higher
Germination percentage.In addition, during training seedling, innovative design goes out strong sprout box and culturing liquid container, easy to use, simple to operate, energy
Effectively act as strong sprout and be bred as the effect of seedlings.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) seed pre-treatment：Seed is dried under sunlight condition first, then using sulfuric acid solution and ethanol solution two
Plant disinfectant and carry out seed disinfection, method is：Seed is gone into the removal of impurity, 20~40min is soaked in 50% sulfuric acid solution, is removed
Go deionized water after sulfuric acid, plus deionized water cleaning seed 2~3 times, then seed is soaked in 20 in 75% ethanol solution~
40min, removes ethanol, adds deionized water cleaning seed 3~5 times；
(2) germination：Seed obtained by step (1) is placed in deionized water and soaked 6-12 hours, then takes out and is germinateed,
It is 30~33 DEG C to set germination temperature, is sprayed water daily in the set time；
(3) quartz sand transplanting strong sprout：When growing to 2~3cm to seedling after germination, transplanted seedlings to quartz sand, method is：Will
Contained after quartz sand sterilization with container, watering moistens its holding surface, hole is then pricked on quartz sand, by the growing way one chosen
Cause, hole is pricked in healthy and strong seedling implantation, being compacted quartz sand around seedling makes seedling uprightly fix, and is subsequently placed under illumination cultivation frame
Growth, daily set time water spray；
(4) Solution culture method：When growth of seedling to two panels true leaf, from quartz sand move on to nutrient solution in normal growth, the battalion
Nutrient solution is Huo Gelan nutrient solutions, and the culture incipient stage uses 1/4 concentration, 1/2 concentration used after one week, specific method is：By nutrient solution
It is added in lighttight container, is drilled in container cover, then swathe more than root seedling with sponge strip, swathes sea
Continuous seedling root system is inserted during container cover drills down, and the elasticity with sponge makes seedling be fixed in hole, and makes seedling root system complete
It is immersed under nutrient solution liquid level, is finally placed in illumination cultivation under culturing rack；
The straw or like vegetable is switchgrass, and it cultivates the switchgrass seed that the seed used is natural after-ripening in more than 2 years.
2. straw or like vegetable cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drying time is described in step (1)
1-2 days.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510627885.2A CN105144911B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | A kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method |
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| CN201510627885.2A CN105144911B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | A kind of straw or like vegetable cultural method |
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| CN105144911A CN105144911A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105144911B true CN105144911B (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105794616A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-27 | 中喜生态产业股份有限公司 | Seed nutrient solution cultivation method |
| CN106645594A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆文理学院 | Experimental method based on influence of spectrums on plant growth conditions |
| CN107155846B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-07-03 | 四川农业大学 | Cultivation method of white clover |
| CN114946317B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-08-29 | 东北农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of switchgrass seeds |
| CN116806585A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 河海大学 | Experimental method for exploring field planting growth of salt-biogas plants under combined action of wave tide |
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| CN102523787B (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2014-04-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Culture method for increasing number and activity of alfalfa root nodules |
| WO2014134611A1 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-04 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Methods for improving drought tolerance in plants |
| CN103766221B (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2016-08-17 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of monocotyledonous method for tissue culture |
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