CN103081613B - Method for promoting germination of lycoris interspecific hybrid seed - Google Patents
Method for promoting germination of lycoris interspecific hybrid seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103081613B CN103081613B CN201310036572.0A CN201310036572A CN103081613B CN 103081613 B CN103081613 B CN 103081613B CN 201310036572 A CN201310036572 A CN 201310036572A CN 103081613 B CN103081613 B CN 103081613B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting germination of a lycoris interspecific hybrid seed, which comprises the following steps of: disinfecting the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed; after the disinfection, soaking the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed in warm water at 35-40 DEG C for 5-8 hours; taking out the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed, and then immersing in 40-80mg/L gibberellin solution to accelerate germination; and after germination, taking out the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed, and sowing in a matrix for further culture, wherein the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed is the hybrid seed taking L.sprengeri as a female parent and L.longituba as a male parent, the hybrid seed taking L.albiflora as a female parent and L.sprengeri as a male parent, or the hybrid seed taking L.longituba as a female parent and L.sprengeri as a male parent. Compared with the prior art, the method greatly shortens the germination time of the lycoris interspecific hybrid seed and improves the germination rate by use of the germination accelerating means of soaking in warm water, immersing in low-concentration gibberellin and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology, relate in particular to a kind of method that promotes that Lycoris interspecific cross seed is sprouted.
Background technology
Lycoris (Lycoris) plant is perennial bulb draft, and more than 20 plant totally in the whole world, and China has 17 kinds.Lycoris plants is important flowering bulb, have concurrently medicinal and view and admire function, in its bulb, contain lycorine, galanthamine, ungernine etc. more than 10 and plant alkaloid, can be used for preventing parkinsonism, treatment food poisoning, scrofula, rheumatic arthritis etc.; Its pattern is abundant, flower type novelty, wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, is loved by the people, for extremely potential cut-flower, by, flower border view configuration material.
The propagation method of lycoris plants comprises: bulb separation, squama piece substrate cutting and tissue cultivation, seminal propagation etc., and wherein take bulb separation method as main.But the annual reproduction rate of mother bulb of growing up under natural conditions is only 1.8 times, only depends on the reproduction coefficient of nourishing and generating extremely low, and not yet forms so far large-scale production.
Lycoris plants can not be normally solid as short-tube lycoris (triploid), vitro of Lycoris albiflora etc., can produce viable seed, and seed production is more and change the kinds such as brocade flower, Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae, Lycoris.Seminal propagation is the important channel that ornamental plants pattern, flower type natural variation form, and under wild condition, changes brocade flower, Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae exists and enriches pattern variation, and this may be relevant with its natural variation of raising up seed of growing directly from seeds.
Seminal propagation method is general only for crossbreeding.Because seed is without dormancy, after seed collecting, should sow immediately, at 20 ℃ 15 days afterwards visible radicle expose.While sowing under natural environment, first growth cycle only have minority seedling extract out leaf, seedling stage portable once.
But, because the seed of lycoris plants belongs to Recalcitrant Seeds, very easily vitality is lost in dehydration, the germination rate that makes seed propagation also very low (Liu Zhigao. three kinds of lycoris plants Germination Characteristics researchs [J]. northern gardening .2011 (17): 90～93.).
For improving the germination rate of lycoris plants seed, researchers have launched large quantity research.By the gibberellin that utilizes higher concentration, seed is carried out to pretreatment, as 100-1000mg/L soaks 24h (Mu Hongmei, Xia Bing etc. the impact [J] of gibberellin on Lycoris seed germination. northern gardening .2012. (16): 26～27.), but Lycoris seed is more responsive to gibberellin, gibberellin excessive concentration is also harmful to Crop development, as 50mg/L gibberellin process the sprouting that suppresses Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (Liu Zhigao. three kinds of lycoris plants Germination Characteristics researchs [J]. northern gardening .2011 (17): 90～93.).
The crossbreeding work of lycoris plants starts from nineteen fifties, and distant hybridization exists incompatibility more, and hybrid seed abortion probability is high.These characteristics are seriously restricting formation and the screening of the new ornamental types of lycoris plants.In this external distant hybridization breeding process, generally also need distant hybridization seed to implement embryo rescue to overcome cross-incompatibility, not only workload is large, and the embryo culture time is longer, in process, easily pollutes.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method that promotes that Lycoris interspecific cross seed is sprouted, solved the problem that in prior art, Lycoris interspecific cross seed germinating time is long, germination rate is low.
A kind of method that promotes that Lycoris (Lycoris) interspecific cross seed is sprouted, comprising:
(1) by the disinfection of Lycoris interspecific cross seed;
(2) after sterilization, in 35～40 ℃ of warm water, soak 5～8 hours;
(3) immerse again vernalization in the Gibberellins solution of 40～80mg/L after taking out;
(4) take out after sprouting, be seeded in matrix and continue to cultivate;
Described Lycoris interspecific cross seed for change hybrid seed that brocade flower (L.sprengeri) is male parent for maternal and Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (L.longituba), vitro of Lycoris albiflora (L.albiflora) for maternal with change hybrid seed that brocade flower is male parent or Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae be maternal with change the hybrid seed that brocade flower is male parent.
In step (1), described in the method for disinfecting be:
Described Lycoris interspecific cross seed is placed in to Baijunling solution and soaks seed, flowing water rinses afterwards.
Because Baijunling original liquid concentration is too large, for reducing the stimulation to Lycoris interspecific cross seed, described Baijunling solution is preferably 1000～2000 times of dilutions (if without specified otherwise, being all dilute with waters) of Baijunling stoste.Seed soaking time is preferably 1～2 hour.After seed soaking, adopt flowing water to rinse short-tube lycoris hybrid seed, the Baijunling that washes away the surface of the seed is residual; Flowing water washing time is preferably 1～3 hour.
The acquisition methods of described Lycoris interspecific cross seed is:
1) between 9～October, hybrid strain is carried out to artificial pollination, within 30～50 days, gather afterwards the hybridization fruit of mature and plump, free from insect pests;
2) with clear water, the hybridization fruit gathering is cleaned, wash away the dust of fruit surface;
3) soak and carry out surface decontamination with tween (can select polysorbas20) or liquid detergent, soak time is preferably 10～20 minutes;
4) peel off pericarp, obtain described Lycoris interspecific cross seed.
For promoting seed germination, the present invention utilizes gibberellin to soak described Lycoris interspecific cross seed.Because Lycoris seed is comparatively responsive to gibberellin, it is the gibberellin of 40～80mg/L that the present invention selects concentration, for different Lycoris interspecific cross seeds, and best gibberellin concentration difference.As spent as the preferred gibberellin concentration of maternal filial generation is as 80mg/L to change brocade.
Sprout required air capacity for guaranteeing described Lycoris interspecific cross seed, the respiration that does not affect seed, when immersion, container is uncovered, and adds Gibberellins solution every day, seed is dipped in Gibberellins solution all the time, but the liquid level of Gibberellins solution should not have seed.
In step (3), preferably the Lycoris interspecific cross seed being immersed in gibberellin is placed in to climatic cabinate vernalization.Germination temperature is 25～28 ℃, and germination time is 8～30 days, and ambient humidity is 70～80%, and illuminance is 30～35%, and light application time is 3～8 hours/day.More preferably, germination temperature is 25 ℃, and ambient humidity is 75%, and illuminance is 33%, and light application time is 5 hours/day.Germination time is complied with different Lycoris interspecific cross seeds and free setting.
In step (3), radicle is broken through to the Lycoris interspecific cross seed of seed coat and sowed the peat that is 40%～60% in water content.Peat drainage ventilation performance is good, and water retention property is strong, and the pH value of import peat is more stable, and contains the multiple nutritional components that is applicable to seedling growth, and grain thickness is moderate, is conducive to the growth of nursery stock.
Test shows, method of the present invention can not only effectively promote the sprouting of Lycoris interspecific cross seed, and the sprouting of planting interior seed is also had to facilitation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention utilizes the vernalization means such as emerge in worm water, the immersion of low concentration gibberellin, to Lycoris interspecific cross seed, cultivation can be germinateed after 8 days, in 20 days, germination rate reaches 74～100%, greatly shorten the germinating time of Lycoris interspecific cross seed, improve germination rate, improved the success rate of lycoris plants interspecific cross breeding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 changes brocade flower to sprout the state diagram after 1 week and 2 weeks with Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae interspecific cross seed;
Fig. 2 is vitro of Lycoris albiflora and changes the state diagram of bright and beautiful seeds of flowering plants intermolecular hybrid seed germination after 1 week and 2 weeks;
Fig. 3 is Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae and changes the state diagram of bright and beautiful seeds of flowering plants intermolecular hybrid seed germination after 1 week and 2 weeks;
Fig. 4 changes bright and beautiful flower seed to sprout the state diagram after 1 day;
Fig. 5 is the state diagram of Lycoris radiata seed germination after 1 day.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
In between 9～October, hybrid strain is carried out to artificial pollination, within 30～50 days, gather afterwards the hybridization fruit of mature and plump, free from insect pests.Obtain respectively hybridization fruit, the vitro of Lycoris albiflora (female parent) and the hybridization fruit that changes brocade flower (male parent) that change brocade flower (female parent) and Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (male parent), and Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (female parent) and the hybridization fruit that changes brocade and spend (male parent).
Embodiment 1 changes the sprouting of brocade flower (female parent) and Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (male parent) interspecific cross seed
(1) the brocade flower (female parent) that changes of gathering is cleaned with the rear clear water of interspecific cross fruit arrangement of Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (male parent), soak and within 20 minutes, carry out surface decontamination with a little polysorbas20 or liquid detergent, peel off pericarp, hybrid seed soaks flowing water flushing afterwards in 2 hours 3 hours with 1000 times of dilutions of Baijunling;
(2) by being placed in beaker through the hybrid seed of disinfecting, be placed in the thermostat water bath of 40 ℃, in beaker, add water and do not have seed, soak seed 8 hours;
(3) hybrid seed is taken out from beaker, dry moisture, be put in the glass culture dish that is covered with filter paper, every ware adds the Gibberellins solution of appropriate 80mg/L every day, hybrid seed is immersed in Gibberellins solution all the time, but did not have;
(4) above-mentioned culture dish is put in to vernalization in 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%, illuminance 33%, the light application time constant incubator of 5 hours/day, the 8th day hybrid seed starts to germinate, and in 20 days, germination rate reaches 74%;
(5) hybrid seed of radicle being broken through to seed coat is broadcast in the dish of the cave of peat water content 50%, and root growth is vigorous.As shown in Figure 1, sow after one week, the radicle length of hybrid seed reaches 3.5cm; After sowing two weeks, radicle length reaches 5.5cm.
(1) vitro of Lycoris albiflora of gathering (female parent) and the interspecific cross fruit that changes brocade flower (male parent) being arranged to rear clear water cleans, soak and within 30 minutes, carry out surface decontamination with a little polysorbas20 or liquid detergent, peel off pericarp, seed soaks flowing water flushing afterwards in 2 hours 2 hours with 1000 times of dilutions of Baijunling;
(2) treated hybrid seed is placed in beaker, is placed in the thermostat water bath of 40 ℃, in beaker, add water and do not have seed, soak seed 6 hours;
(3) hybrid seed is taken out from beaker, dry moisture, be put in the glass culture dish that is covered with filter paper, every ware adds the Gibberellins solution of appropriate 80mg/L every day, hybrid seed is immersed in Gibberellins solution all the time, but did not have;
(4) above-mentioned culture dish is put in to vernalization in 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%, illuminance 33%, the light application time constant incubator of 5 hours/day, the 9th day hybrid seed starts to germinate, and in 20 days, germination rate reaches 92%;
(5) hybrid seed of radicle being broken through to seed coat is broadcast in the dish of the cave of peat water content 50%, and root growth is vigorous.As shown in Figure 2, sow after one week, the radicle length of hybrid seed reaches 2.2cm; After sowing two weeks, radicle length reaches 5.0cm.
(1) Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae of gathering (female parent) and the interspecific cross fruit that changes brocade flower (male parent) being arranged to rear clear water cleans, soak and within 15 minutes, carry out surface decontamination with a little polysorbas20 or liquid detergent, peel off pericarp, seed soaks flowing water flushing afterwards in 1 hour 3 hours with 1000 times of dilutions of Baijunling;
(2) treated hybrid seed is placed in beaker, is placed in the thermostat water bath of 40 ℃, in beaker, add water and do not have seed, soak seed 5 hours;
(3) hybrid seed is taken out from beaker, dry moisture, be put in the glass culture dish that is covered with filter paper, every ware adds the Gibberellins solution of appropriate 60mg/L every day, hybrid seed is immersed in Gibberellins solution all the time, but did not have;
(4) above-mentioned culture dish is put in to vernalization in 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%, illuminance 33%, the light application time constant incubator of 5 hours/day, the 14th day hybrid seed starts to germinate, and in 20 days, germination rate reaches 100%.
(5) hybrid seed of radicle being broken through to seed coat is broadcast in the dish of the cave of peat water content 60%, and root growth is vigorous.As shown in Figure 2, sow after one week, the radicle length of hybrid seed reaches 4.2cm; After sowing two weeks, radicle length reaches 6.5cm.
(1) clean with clear water after bright and beautiful changing of gathering flowers fruit is arranged, soak and carry out surface decontamination in 25 minutes with a little polysorbas20 or liquid detergent, peel off pericarp, seed soaks after 2 hours flowing water flushing 3 hours with 1000 times of dilutions of Baijunling;
(2) change bright and beautiful flower seed and be placed in beaker treated, be placed in the thermostat water bath of 40 ℃, in beaker, add water and do not have seed, soak seed 7 hours;
(3) seed that changes brocade flower is taken out from beaker, dry moisture, be put in the glass culture dish that is covered with filter paper, every ware adds the Gibberellins solution of appropriate 80mg/L every day, seed is immersed in Gibberellins solution all the time, but did not have;
(4) above-mentioned culture dish is put in to 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%, illuminance 33%, vernalization in the constant incubator of 5 hours every days of light application time, seed starts to germinate on the 6th day, and in 30 days, germination rate reaches 80%;
(5) radicle is broken through to the bright and beautiful flower seed of changing of seed coat and broadcast in the dish of the cave of peat water content 60%, root growth is vigorous, as shown in Figure 4.
The sprouting of embodiment 5 Lycoris radiata seeds
(1) by clean the rear clear water of Lycoris radiata fruit arrangement of gathering, soak and carry out surface decontamination in 20 minutes with a little polysorbas20 or liquid detergent, peel off pericarp, seed steeps flowing water flushing afterwards in 1 hour 2 hours by Baijunling 1000 multiplying factor immersions;
(2) treated Lycoris radiata seed is placed in beaker, is placed in the thermostat water bath of 40 ℃, in beaker, add water and do not have seed, soak seed 6 hours;
(3) seed of Lycoris radiata is taken out from beaker, dry moisture, be put in the glass culture dish that is covered with filter paper, every ware adds the Gibberellins solution of appropriate 40mg/L every day, seed is immersed in Gibberellins solution all the time, but did not have;
(4) above-mentioned culture dish is put in to 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%, illuminance 33%, vernalization in the constant incubator of 5 hours every days of light application time, starts to germinate on the 15th day, and in 35 days, germination rate reaches 85%;
(5) the Lycoris radiata seed of radicle being broken through to seed coat is broadcast in the dish of the cave of peat water content 60%, and root growth is vigorous, as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (8)
1. promote the method that Lycoris (Lycoris) interspecific cross seed is sprouted, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) by the disinfection of Lycoris interspecific cross seed;
(2) after sterilization, in 40 ℃ of warm water, soak 5～8 hours;
(3) immerse again vernalization in the Gibberellins solution of 40～80mg/L after taking out;
(4) take out after sprouting, be seeded in matrix and continue to cultivate;
Described Lycoris interspecific cross seed for change hybrid seed that brocade flower (L.sprengeri) is male parent for maternal and Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae (L.longituba), vitro of Lycoris albiflora (L.albiflora) for maternal with change hybrid seed that brocade flower is male parent or Bulbus Lycoridis longitubae be maternal with change the hybrid seed that brocade flower is male parent.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), described in the method for disinfecting be:
Described Lycoris interspecific cross seed is placed in to Baijunling solution and soaks seed, flowing water rinses afterwards.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described Baijunling solution is 1000～2000 times of dilutions of Baijunling stoste.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, seed soaking time is 1～2 hour.
5. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, flowing water washing time is 1～3 hour.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), germination temperature is 25～28 ℃, and germination time is 8～30 days, and ambient humidity is 70～80%, and illuminance is 30～35%, and light application time is 3～8 hours/day.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, in step (3), germination temperature is 25 ℃, and ambient humidity is 75%, and illuminance is 33%, and light application time is 5 hours/day.
8. the method as described in as arbitrary in claim 1～7, is characterized in that, in step (4), described matrix is the peat of water content 40%～60%.
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| CN102172218A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for restoring activity of inactive lycoris seed |
| CN102696479A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-10-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for propagating stonegarlic quickly and efficiently |
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| CN102172218A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for restoring activity of inactive lycoris seed |
| CN102696479A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-10-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for propagating stonegarlic quickly and efficiently |
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| JP特开2005-198607A 2005.07.28 |
| 三种石蒜属植物种子萌发特性研究;刘志高;《北方园艺》;20110930(第17期);第90页右栏第4段-第91页左栏第1段 * |
| 刘志高.三种石蒜属植物种子萌发特性研究.《北方园艺》.2011,(第17期),第90-93页. |
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