CN105103854A - Stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology for panax notoginseng - Google Patents
Stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology for panax notoginseng Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103854A CN105103854A CN201510489471.8A CN201510489471A CN105103854A CN 105103854 A CN105103854 A CN 105103854A CN 201510489471 A CN201510489471 A CN 201510489471A CN 105103854 A CN105103854 A CN 105103854A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology for panax notoginseng. The stereoscopic cultivation technology comprises the steps of building of a greenhouse, building of a stereoscopic cultivation seedbed, preparation of a culture substrate and planting management of the panax notoginseng; the greenhouse is a sloping roof greenhouse, and two layers of sunshade nets with the light transmittance of 30 percent are respectively laid at the periphery and the top of the greenhouse; by building the two-layer staggered stereoscopic seedbed, the cultivation space is fully utilized, the utilization efficiency of land is improved from traditional 77 percent to 128 percent, and the utilization rate is improved by over 50 percent. According to the stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology disclosed by the invention, the quality of the panax notoginseng is guaranteed, the utilization rate of the land is improved, the problem of continuous cropping obstacles is alleviated, seriously-insufficient investment on panax notoginseng plantation infrastructures caused by continuous change of panax notoginseng planting land and repeated investment of low-end facilities are avoided, and production management of a panax notoginseng base is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility and technology
Background technology
Pseudo-ginseng (Panaxnotoginseng (Bruk) F.H.Chen) is araliaceae ginseng plant, has significant curative effect to diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems.Therefore, the pseudo-ginseng market demand increases year by year, and cultivated area also constantly expands thereupon, and within 2014, Yunnan Province's cultivated area reaches 400,000 mu.The continuous expansion of notoginseng planting area causes its suitable planting soil shortage, and the rotation cycle shortens, and is even shifted to secondary Suitable Area by Suitable Area.This not only adds the planting cost of seven agricultures, and the seed output and quality of the pseudo-ginseng produced under cannot ensureing non-Genuine producing area environment, seriously constrain the development of China's pseudo-ginseng industry.The notoginseng planting rotation cycle is generally more than 8 years, otherwise can not normal growth or disease serious, and the soil of planting pseudo-ginseng has and degenerates in various degree, in addition seven agricultures blindly applying fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, soil ecosystem is more caused to be damaged seriously, soil nutrient is out of proportion, and nutrient-supply capacity weakens, and produces obstacle and gives prominence to.Therefore, shorten the pseudo-ginseng rotation cycle, maintain soil ecology balance, thus reduce the important channel that pseudo-ginseng disease is guarantee pseudo-ginseng seed output and quality.
Good growing weather and soil condition are the important environmental factors of producing genunie medicinal materials.When pseudo-ginseng habitat is constantly worsened, building best cultivation condition for it is the only choosing ensureing pseudo-ginseng yield and quality.Select the climatic region of suitable Panax notoginseng Growth, can effectively solve notoginseng obstacle by transformation soil condition.Vertical cultivation makes full use of space and luminous energy, improves land utilization rate and per unit area yield, and improving medicinal material active constituent content, is the Modern New cultivation mode that crop genetics pattern spatially extends.Publication number is the Chinese invention patent high shelf arch canopy double layer regulatable light sunshade net for pseudo ginseng cultivation technology of CN1623362A, connected together by multiple crossing arched roof and form, arched roof is made up of frame and the different two-layer sunshade net of light transmittance, and lower floor is light modulation net, and upper strata is top net.Though this sunshade net is two-layer, but its cultivated area is one deck, has certain limitation to the availability in cultivation space.
Summary of the invention
A kind of pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility of the present invention and technology, by building two faulted layer Tridimensional seedling beds, making full use of cultivation space, making land utilization efficiency be promoted to 128% by traditional 77%, avoid the propagation of soil-borne disease, alleviating continuous cropping obstacle.
The technical scheme of a kind of pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility of the present invention and technology is following steps:
(1), pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation pitched roof booth is built, and is steel structure frame, wide 16 meters, room, slope is made up of wall construction and slope roof construction, wherein wall construction height is 3 meters, and the highest face of slope roof construction is overhead highly 3.8 meters, and the length of canopy can adjust according to actual conditions.The peripheral covered with plastic film of steelframe booth, canopy surrounding and ceiling all lay the sunshade net that two-layer light transmittance is 30%.
(2), pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation seedbed build, seedbed of the present invention is upper and lower two-layer, staggered floor arrange, south-north direction.Be lower floor seedbed after consolidation being become railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment length is 15 meters, and wide is 1.8 meters, leaves 0.4 meter wide, 0.2 ~ 0.4 meter dark passage, for operation and draining between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house.Seedbed, upper strata is irony, is positioned at directly over lower floor's operation path, long 15 meters, wide 1.2 meters, thick 0.25 meter, is provided with leaking hole bottom seedbed, and the height of distance operation path is about 1.5 ~ 1.7 meters, and the quantity in greenhouse gardening seedbed is determined according to actual conditions.
(3), the preparation of pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation matrix, formula is 40% immature soil, 20% roasting soil, 20% humus, 20% dregs of a decoction, mixing prepares rear stacking, covers tightly with Polypropylence Sheet, maintaining fermentation temperature at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, monthly stirring once, for filling up implant bed after three months; After pseudo-ginseng results, cultivation matrix carries out reusing process again;
(4), notoginseng planting management, first lay the immature soil of thick layer 5 ~ 8 centimetres in the notoginseng planting season levels seedbed of annual mid-November to early or mid December, recharging cultivation matrix to thickness is 25 centimetres.Carry out the red seed breeding of pseudo-ginseng according to 6 × 8 centimetres of specifications, or carry out that the red seed of pseudo-ginseng is live according to 10 × 12 centimetres of specifications, pseudo-ginseng seed bar transplants, cultivate commodity pseudo-ginseng, sow complete timely applying lid seed manure, bedding railway carriage or compartment grass, waters sufficient normal root water.Ensure that booth iuuminting rate is 10% ~ 15% afterwards, soil moisture content is 22% ~ 40%, and temperature, lower than 33 DEG C, regularly carries out disease pest and weed control, and adds tea oil residule, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer useful to pseudo-ginseng according to the uptake characters of pseudo-ginseng.
In above-mentioned steps (1) cultivation booth method of construction, cultivation pitched roof booth used is fixed, steel construction, it is permanent installation, green house ceiling covers the shade net that two-layer light transmittance is 30%, take on contour position with canopy and the shade net that light transmittance is 15% is set, can regulate light demand according to Panax notoginseng Growth.
In the method for construction of above-mentioned steps (2) cultivation seedbed, pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation seedbed is south-north direction, and two faulted layer plantations, make full use of the space in tradition plantation above operation path and illumination, improve land utilization efficiency.
In above-mentioned steps (3) preparation method of base material for culturing, the immature soil used is the topsoil soil of not planting pseudo-ginseng, roasting soil composition is 70% topsoil soil, 30% stalk or Chinese medicine slag, the form of honeycomb briquette is made into after mixing, through 350 DEG C of high-temperature roasting 72h, be crushed to particle diameter 0.2 ~ 0.5cm, be used further to preparation cultivation of pseudo-ginseng matrix.
The trace element that in the preparation of above-mentioned steps (3) cultivation matrix, soil is contained after high-temperature roasting is fully discharged, and is conducive to Panax notoginseng root and absorbs.The planting matrix prepared in this way can not only improve pseudo-ginseng output, can also improve the medicinal material content of finished product pseudo-ginseng.
In the preparation of above-mentioned steps (3) cultivation matrix, the processing mode of reusing of described cultivation matrix is by selecting new soil or sealing fermentation to the soil heap of planting.After pseudo-ginseng results, cultivation matrix is all recycled after high temperature mycocriny is ripe, kills the harmful pathogen of pseudo-ginseng and worm's ovum, avoids the propagation of soil-borne disease.In notoginseng planting process, the uptake characters according to pseudo-ginseng adds tea oil residule, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer useful to pseudo-ginseng.Wherein said tea oil residule consumption is 20kg/ mu; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is EM bacterial manure, and stoste number of viable is 10
8~ 10
9/ ml, dilutes 20 times of rear every mu of consumption 100L, fills with root.
Above-mentioned steps (4) notoginseng planting is with in management, and described seed manure is the proportioning of following fertilizer: roasting soil: 1000kg, tea oil residule: 400kg, superphosphate or general calcium: 50kg.
In above-mentioned steps (4) notoginseng planting and management, in roasting soil, the macroelement such as potassium, phosphorus and various trace elements become free state after roasting, directly can absorb for plant, and general equilibrium ground provides nutrient for Panax notoginseng Growth.Topsoil soil after roasting, becomes crisp, in graininess, have tiny pore, can breathe freely, Li Shui, moisturizing, be particularly suitable for notoginseng planting.
A kind of pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility of the present invention and technology, compared with traditional field planting pseudo-ginseng, its beneficial effect is:
1, by building two faulted layer Tridimensional seedling beds, making full use of cultivation space, making land utilization efficiency be promoted to 128% by traditional 77%.
2, fixing plantation place is selected in Panax notoginseng Growth optimum climatic region, by selecting new soil or to the ripe rear recycling of soil high temperature mycocriny of planting pseudo-ginseng, killing the harmful pathogen of pseudo-ginseng and worm's ovum, avoid the propagation of soil-borne disease.
3, in notoginseng planting process, the uptake characters according to pseudo-ginseng adds the tea oil residule, microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc. useful to pseudo-ginseng, and metabolite harmful to pseudo-ginseng in Panax notoginseng Growth process of degrading, alleviates continuous cropping obstacle.Ensure that pseudo-ginseng yield and quality, improve land utilization rate, stopped notoginseng planting ground and constantly changed the overlapping investment that the seven garden infrastructure caused drop into wretched insufficiency and low side facility, made the production management of pseudo-ginseng base realize continuity and standardization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation bedstead structure schematic diagram (locally);
Fig. 2 pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation pitched roof booth side structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility and implementer's formula are: booth construction → vertical cultivation seedbed builds → and the Cultivate administration of the preparation → pseudo-ginseng of cultivation matrix.
Its concrete implementation step is:
(1) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation pitched roof booth is built: be steel structure frame, wide 16 meters, room, slope is made up of wall construction and slope roof construction, and wherein wall construction height is 3 meters, the highest face of slope roof construction is overhead highly 3.8 meters, and the length of canopy can adjust according to actual conditions.The peripheral covered with plastic film of steelframe booth, canopy surrounding and ceiling all lay the sunshade net that two-layer light transmittance is 30%.
(2) pseudo-ginseng staggered floor cultivation seedbed is built: seedbed is upper and lower two-layer, and staggered floor arranges, south-north direction.Be lower floor seedbed after consolidation being become railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment length is 15 meters, and wide is 1.8 meters, leaves 0.4 meter wide, 0.2 ~ 0.4 meter dark passage, for operation and draining between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house.Seedbed, upper strata is irony, is positioned at directly over lower floor's operation path, and long 15 meters, wide 1.2 meters, dark 0.25 meter of seedbed, is provided with leaking hole bottom seedbed, and distance lower floor cultivation face, bed railway carriage or compartment height is about 1.5 meters, and the quantity in greenhouse gardening seedbed is determined according to actual conditions.
(3) preparation of pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation matrix: formula is 40% immature soil, 20% roasting soil, 20% humus, 20% dregs of a decoction, mixing prepares rear stacking, covers tightly with Polypropylence Sheet, maintaining fermentation temperature at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, monthly stirring once, for filling up implant bed after three months; The immature soil used is the topsoil soil of not planting pseudo-ginseng, roasting soil composition is 70% topsoil soil, 30% stalk or Chinese medicine slag, is made into the form of honeycomb briquette, through 350 DEG C of high-temperature roasting 72h after mixing, be crushed to particle diameter 0.2 ~ 0.5cm, be used further to preparation cultivation of pseudo-ginseng matrix.After pseudo-ginseng results, by selecting new soil or piling the mode of sealing fermentation to the soil of planting, process is reused to cultivating soil.
(4) notoginseng planting management, first lay the immature soil of thick layer about 5 ~ 8 centimetres, then cultivation matrix to thickness is 25 centimetres in the notoginseng planting season levels seedbed of annual mid-November to early or mid December.The live breeding of the red seed of pseudo-ginseng is carried out according to 6 × 8 centimetres of specifications, or carry out that the red seed of pseudo-ginseng is live according to 10 × 12 centimetres of specifications, pseudo-ginseng seed bar transplants, cultivate commodity pseudo-ginseng, sow complete timely applying lid by roasting soil 1000kg, tea oil residule 400kg, the seed manure that superphosphate or general calcium 50kg mix, bedding railway carriage or compartment grass, waters sufficient normal root water.Ensure that booth iuuminting rate is 10% ~ 15% afterwards, soil moisture content is 22% ~ 40%, and temperature, lower than 33 DEG C, regularly carries out disease pest and weed control.And adding tea oil residule, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer useful to pseudo-ginseng according to the uptake characters of pseudo-ginseng, tea oil residule consumption is 20kg/ mu, and described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is EM bacterial manure, and stoste number of viable is 10
8~ 10
9/ ml, dilutes 20 times of rear every mu of consumption 100L, fills with root.
Embodiment 2
For two pseudo-ginseng pitched roof booths in the present invention, point arranged on both sides, each Peng Nei lower floor plantation seedbed is 90, wide 1.8m, and upper strata is 89, wide 1.2m, and upper and lower layer implant bed is long is 15m, and the wide operating walk way of 1.0m is left in implant bed one end.A wide 5m is had for the road of operation in the middle of two booths.Each canopy floor space 3132.8m
2if conventionally only plant one deck, can calculate cultivated area is 2430m
2, land utilization rate is 77%, and plant according to the method for two faulted layers in the present invention, in each canopy, cultivated area is 4032m
2, land utilization rate is 128%, improves 51% than traditional cultivation method.
More than apply specific case to set forth the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to the principle helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, embodiment and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility and a technology, is characterized in that: comprise booth and build, vertical cultivation seedbed is built, the preparation of cultivation matrix, specifically carries out as follows:
(1) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation pitched roof booth is built: be steel structure frame, wide 16 meters, room, slope is made up of wall construction and slope roof construction, wherein wall construction height is 3 meters, the highest face of slope roof construction is overhead highly 3.8 meters, the length of canopy adjusts according to actual conditions, the peripheral covered with plastic film of steelframe booth, and steelframe booth surrounding and ceiling all lay the sunshade net that two-layer light transmittance is 30%;
(2) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation seedbed is built: seedbed is upper and lower two-layer, and staggered floor arranges, south-north direction; Consolidation is become railway carriage or compartment, is lower floor seedbed, railway carriage or compartment length is 15 meters, and wide is 1.8 meters, leaves 0.4 meter wide, 0.2 ~ 0.4 meter dark passage, for operation and draining between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house; Seedbed, upper strata is irony, is positioned at directly over lower floor's operation path, long 15 meters, wide 1.2 meters, thick 0.25 meter, bottom seedbed, be provided with the water-filtering net that aperture is 5 millimeters, the height of distance operation path is 1.5 ~ 1.7 meters, and the quantity in greenhouse gardening seedbed is determined according to actual conditions;
(3) preparation of pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation matrix: formula is 40% immature soil, 20% roasting soil, 20% humus, 20% dregs of a decoction, mixing prepares rear stacking, covers tightly with Polypropylence Sheet, maintaining fermentation temperature at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, monthly stirring once, for filling up implant bed after three months; After pseudo-ginseng results, cultivation matrix carries out reusing process again;
(4) notoginseng planting and management: in the notoginseng planting season of annual mid-November to early or mid December, the immature soil of thick layer about 5 ~ 8 centimetres is first laid in levels seedbed, and recharging cultivation matrix to thickness is 25 centimetres; Carry out pseudo-ginseng red seed nursery according to 6 × 8 centimetres of specifications or 10 × 12 centimetres of specifications carry out the red seed of pseudo-ginseng, pseudo-ginseng seed bar is live, cultivate commodity pseudo-ginseng, sow complete timely applying lid seed manure, can't see the red seed of pseudo-ginseng and seed bar is advisable, bedding railway carriage or compartment grass, waters sufficient normal root water; Ensure that booth iuuminting rate is 15 ~ 20% afterwards, intensity of illumination is 2000 ~ 3000 luxs, and soil moisture content is 22% ~ 40%, and temperature is lower than 33 DEG C, regularly carry out disease pest and weed control, and add tea oil residule, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer useful to pseudo-ginseng according to the uptake characters of pseudo-ginseng.
2. pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation booth method of construction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cultivation pitched roof booth used is fixed type steel structure, green house ceiling covers the shade net that two-layer light transmittance is 30%, take on contour position with canopy and the shade net that light transmittance is 15% is set, according to Panax notoginseng Growth, light demand is regulated.
3. pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility according to claim 1 and technology, is characterized in that: in the method for construction of step (2) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation seedbed, pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation seedbed is south-north direction, two faulted layer plantations.
4. pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility according to claim 1 and technology, it is characterized in that: in step (3) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation preparation method of base material, the immature soil used is the topsoil soil of not planting pseudo-ginseng, roasting soil composition is 70% topsoil soil, 30% stalk or Chinese medicine slag, the form of honeycomb briquette is made into after mixing, through 350 DEG C of high-temperature roasting 72h, be crushed to particle diameter 0.2 ~ 0.5cm, be used further to configuration cultivation of pseudo-ginseng matrix.
5. pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility according to claim 1 and technology, is characterized in that: in step (3) pseudo-ginseng vertical cultivation substrate preparation, and described processing mode of reusing is by selecting new soil or sealing fermentation to the soil heap of planting.
6. pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility according to claim 1 and technology, is characterized in that: in step (4) notoginseng planting management method, and tea oil residule consumption is 20kg/ mu; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is EM bacterial manure, and stoste number of viable is 10
8~ 10
9/ ml, dilutes 20 times of rear every mu of consumption 100L, fills with root.
7. a kind of pseudo-ginseng stereo cultivation facility according to claim 1 and technology, is characterized in that: step (4) notoginseng planting and seed manure described in management are the proportioning of following fertilizer:
Roasting soil: 1000kg,
Tea oil residule: 400kg,
Superphosphate or general calcium: 50kg.
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| CN201510489471.8A CN105103854B (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2015-08-11 | A kind of Radix Notoginseng stereo cultivation facility and technology |
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| CN105103854B CN105103854B (en) | 2019-01-25 |
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| CN105993446A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 玉溪市祥馨农业技术开发有限公司 | High-yield planting method of panax notoginseng |
| CN106576866A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-04-26 | 昆明邹党农业科技有限公司 | Stereoscopic cultivation method of panax notoginseng |
| CN113854071A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-12-31 | 周佩杰 | Green planting method of alpine dry rice and green alpine dry rice |
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| CN113854071A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-12-31 | 周佩杰 | Green planting method of alpine dry rice and green alpine dry rice |
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|---|---|
| CN105103854B (en) | 2019-01-25 |
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