CN202918793U - Shade canopy for reducing diseases of pseudo-ginseng leaves - Google Patents
Shade canopy for reducing diseases of pseudo-ginseng leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN202918793U CN202918793U CN 201220619989 CN201220619989U CN202918793U CN 202918793 U CN202918793 U CN 202918793U CN 201220619989 CN201220619989 CN 201220619989 CN 201220619989 U CN201220619989 U CN 201220619989U CN 202918793 U CN202918793 U CN 202918793U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shade canopy for reducing diseases of pseudo-ginseng leaves. A canopy frame main body comprises arc-shaped frameworks (5) and supports (6). The arc-shaped frameworks (5) are respectively supported by the supports (6); transparent waterproof membranes (1) respectively cover inner layers of top parts of the arc-shaped frameworks (5); first shade nets (2) of 75 percent shade rate respectively cover outer layers of the arc-shaped frameworks (5); a third shade net (4) of 90 percent shade rating covers the periphery of the canopy frame main body; and a layer of second shade net (3) of 50 percent shade rating is fixedly arranged on a horizontal plane which is 1.5-2 meters high in the canopy. Shown by test results, by adopting a design that the waterproof membrane is clamped between the two layers of shade nets, the light transmittance is 9 percent to 11 percent and just meets the requirement of pseudo-ginseng on light. A control effect on leaf diseases, such as Mycocentrospora acerina, gray mold, black spot and the like, can reach at least 90 percent.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the industrialized agriculture field, is specially to relate to a kind of cool canopy of taking shelter from rain that shades that reduces the pseudo-ginseng disease.
Background technology
Pseudo-ginseng is the peculiar rare traditional Chinese medicine of China, but due to large tracts of land single cropping for many years, pseudo-ginseng is the perennial root herbaceous plant in addition, the property happiness is warm dark and damp, the disease problem is very outstanding, multiple diseases Combined Infections such as root rot, circle pinta, black spot, epidemic disease, rust, powdery mildew especially, and the loss that throughout the year causes reaches 10%～40%, serious even total crop failure has become the major obstacle that restriction pseudo-ginseng industry develops in a healthy way.Pseudo-ginseng disease natural occurrence investigation shows, be the period that Yunnan notoginseng producing region rainwater is comparatively concentrated annual 5～September, and the morbidity of pseudo-ginseng disease is very serious, and is very large on Panax notoginseng Growth, output and quality impact.Control pseudo-ginseng disease has become the main bugbear in production, mainly adopts for the control of pseudo-ginseng disease at present to spray chemical agent and prevent and treat.But because rainwater is serious to the agricultural chemicals leaching loss, in canopy, humidity is excessive in addition, and disease generation pressure is large, and control efficiency is bad, is difficult to pseudo-ginseng is effectively protected.Seven agricultures only have by continuous increase pesticide dosage and prevent and treat the pseudo-ginseng disease, finally cause residue of pesticide serious, affect the pseudo-ginseng quality, seriously restrict pseudo-ginseng and produce, and affect seven agriculture interests.Therefore, the generation of how controlling disease by the improvement of planting environment will be the key of guaranteeing the pseudo-ginseng safety in production.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome existing conventional pseudo-ginseng shading shed disease the deficiency serious, that pesticide dosage is large occurs, a kind of cultivation frame that shades and add the dual-use function of taking shelter from rain is provided, this frame can effectively reduce air humidity when ensureing the pseudo-ginseng normal growth, reducing rainwater splashes, creation is unfavorable for the environmental condition that the pseudo-ginseng disease occurs, and controls the occurrence and harm of pseudo-ginseng disease.This frame is simple, economical, effective, practical, environmental protection.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of cool canopy of taking shelter from rain that shades that reduces the pseudo-ginseng leaf diseases, frame main body comprise arched framework (5) and support (6), and support (6) supports arched framework (5); Top internal layer covers transparent watertight film (1), outer the first shade net (2) that covers 75% shading rate, frame main body surrounding be with the 3rd sunshade net (4) of 90% shading rate, fixing second sunshade net (3) of one deck 50% shading rate on the 1.5-2 rice height levels of booth inside.
The cool canopy of taking shelter from rain that shades of described reduction pseudo-ginseng leaf diseases, seedbed width (a) is 160cm; Seedbed spacing (b) is 40cm; Canopy spacing (c) is 60cm; Column high (d) is 150-200cm; Canopy camber (e) is 50-100cm; Canopy wide (f) is 400cm; Set spacing (g) is 360cm.
Described support (6) can be concrete stake, metal, wooden, plastic or other material.Arched framework (5) material can be metal, wooden, plastics, bamboo material, and described transparent watertight film (1) can be plastics, plastic film, plastic light-transmission plate, glass etc.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are by pseudo-ginseng garden Jian Yuan, frame design and build, and create the environment that shades of suitable Panax notoginseng Growth, cut off rainwater to the propagation of disease, the humidity of reduction Panax notoginseng Growth environment, control the generation of pseudo-ginseng disease.Result of the test shows, the take shelter from rain design light transmittance of film of the two-layer network folder one deck that shades is 9%～11%, and the just in time requirement of suitable pseudo-ginseng to illumination can reach more than 90% the control efficiency of the leaf diseases such as pseudo-ginseng circle pinta, gray mold, black spot.Its reason is: this frame can make seven garden ventilations, lucifuge, avoid rainwater to pour the pseudo-ginseng blade, reduces by seven garden humidity, prevents that disease from infecting with popular.The utility model technology is simple and practical; cost is suitable; and can not use the chemical pesticide control leaf diseases because pseudo-ginseng under frame produces, but Decrease production cost, promote the pseudo-ginseng quality, preserve the ecological environment, have significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
In figure: a seedbed width 160cm; B seedbed spacing 40cm; C canopy spacing 60cm; The high 150-200cm of d column; E canopy camber 50-100cm; The wide 400cm of f canopy; G set spacing 360cm;
1 transparent watertight film; 2 first shading screens (75% shading rate); 3 second shading screens (50% shading rate); 4 the 3rd shading screens (90% shading rate); 5 arched frameworks; 6 supports;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is elaborated.
With reference to figure 1, be the utility model structural representation of cool canopy of taking shelter from rain that shades, the frame main body comprises arched framework 5 and support 6, support 6 supports arched frameworks 5; Frame main body surrounding and top covered with sunshade net, top internal layer covers transparent watertight film 1, outer the first shade net 2 that covers 75% shading rate, frame main body surrounding be with the 3rd sunshade net 4 of 90% shading rate, fixing the second sunshade net 3 of one deck 50% shading rate on the 1.5-2 rice height levels of booth inside.
Relevant being of a size of in Fig. 1: a seedbed width 160cm; B seedbed spacing 40cm; C canopy spacing 60cm; The high 150-200cm of d column; E canopy camber 50-100cm; The wide 400cm of f canopy; G set spacing 360cm;
Be provided with traditional cool canopy, greenhouse cool canopy, three processing of cool canopy of taking shelter from rain of shading of the present utility model in pseudo-ginseng Technology Park, Yunnan Province Wenshan Prefecture Yanshan County, the control effect of more different seedling raising environments to Panax notoginseng Growth and disease.
1, test arranges
1.1 the pseudo-ginseng cool canopy is built
Test is cool canopy and production upper special plastic sunshade net cool canopy and three kinds of cool canopies of traditional cool canopy commonly used of the utility model design relatively, and the scaffolding method is as follows:
(1) lew that shades of the utility model design: cultivating facility comprises cool canopy support 6, ceiling arched framework 5, transparent watertight film 1 (shading rate 87%), the first shade net 2 (shading rate 75%), the second shade net 3 (shading rate 50%), the 3rd shade net 4 (90% shading rate).Building method is as follows:
1) cool canopy stud materials Φ 48 * 3.5 hot dip galvanizing pipes, 3.6 meters of column line-spacings, in row, spacing is 4 meters, and support height is 2 meters.
2) ceiling arched framework 5 is positioned at and forms arc arch face, 50 centimetres of sagitta on cool canopy support 6.Arched girder adopts Φ 25 * 1.5 hot dip galvanizing pipe cold bendings to make, arch spacing 1.0m.Cool canopy lateral bearing and the stable truss-like roof girder structure that jointly is comprised of arched girder, drag link (Φ 32 * 2.0 hot dip galvanizing pipes), 3 diagonal braces (Φ 25 * 1.5 hot dip galvanizing pipes) are born.Three road longerons are set on vault.Longeron adopts Φ 25 * 1.5 hot dip galvanizing pipes.
3) transparent watertight film 1 (12 domestic films, light transmittance 87%) covers on ceiling arched framework 5, and cover film is fixed by special-purpose draw-in groove jump ring.1 meter of film outside spacing is drawn film pressing rope.
4) the first shade net 2 is covered on transparent watertight film 1, and the second shade net 3 levels are fixed under transparent watertight film 1.Frame main body surrounding covers with the 3rd shade net 4 of 90% shading rate.
(2) plastics sunshade net cool canopy.The canopy material of building of such cool canopy is pseudo-ginseng special plastic sunshade net.Its method of construction: get ready by 3.0m * 1.8m and plant fork, after fixing with large bar (or iron wire), bedding pseudo-ginseng special plastic sunshade net (light transmittance 75%) re-lays the sunshade net of large (50% left and right) of one deck light transmittance, regulation and control degree of shading in the canopy of building up.Place film-pressing line (i.e. No. 8 iron wires) in the middle part of the two large bars of row at the sunshade net end face, make cool canopy be " M " type, be beneficial to windproof and draining.The cool canopy height is advisable apart from about bottom of trench 2m with distance ground 1.8m left and right.Limit, garden land used hitching post is strained and fixed film-pressing line, and whole sunshade wire side should be strained.
(3) traditional cool canopy.The canopy material of building of such cool canopy mostly is the Chinese fir leaf.By 1.7 * (1.7～2.0m) get ready and plant fork, and the column spacing is generally 165-195cm, and the wooden fork mouth is upwards, and is consistent with the furrow face, buries firmly.Put large bar along the power mouth, the little bar of traverse on bar, colligation is fixed, and upper covering Chinese fir leaf adds 2～3 press strips at end face, adjusts light transmittance and after between 10～12%, little bar is fixed.Surrounding surrounds with materials such as branch, corn straws.
1.2 notoginseng planting.Test adopts seedling-cultivating tray to grow seedlings.To unify the matrix of configuration and be positioned over respectively in three kinds of different cool canopies with a collection of Panax notoginseng seeds seedling-cultivating tray after planting, every kind of cool canopy area 1250m
2The Panax notoginseng Growth phase is adopted consistent water and fertilizer management.
1.3 investigation index.System investigation and relatively long, the cauline leaf fresh weight of thick, the leaf area of emergence rate, plant height, the stem of pseudo-ginseng, main root and dry weight, main root and the indexs such as fibrous root fresh weight and dry weight.
2, result of the test
Pilot system is monitored and has been compared three kinds of different cool canopies Panax notoginseng Growth environment, disease are controlled and each growth indexes.
Growing environment monitoring and comparative result show (table 1), the cool canopy of the utility model design at light transmittance a little less than traditional cool canopy and plastics sunshade net cool canopy, but also in the scope of suitable Panax notoginseng Growth; Temperature is a little more than two kinds of traditional cool canopies, but humidity is lower than traditional cool canopy.
The impact on the Panax notoginseng Growth environment of table 1 the utility model cultivating facility and traditional cool canopy
The cool canopy of the utility model design also is being significantly higher than traditional cool canopy and greenhouse (table 2) aspect disease control.The whole season of growth, traditional cool canopy and plastics sunshade net cool canopy have all been used 17 controls that bactericide is used for disease, but the control efficiency of circle pinta, black spot, gray mold and bacterial leaf spot is still lower than 80%.And in the cool canopy of the utility model design and greenhouse whole breeding time all do not carry out disease control, but without above-mentioned disease generation.
Table 2 the utility model cultivating facility and traditional cool canopy Controlling effect difference
The growing state of pseudo-ginseng under different growing environments also compared in test.Pseudo-ginseng emergence rate, chlorophyll content, plant height, stem in the cool canopy of the utility model design is thick, all be significantly higher than traditional cool canopy and greenhouse aspect leaf area, main root length, cauline leaf dry weight and fresh weight of plant seedlings, main root and fibrous root dry weight and fresh weight of plant seedlings.
Table 2 the utility model design cool canopy and traditional cool canopy and greenhouse are on the Panax notoginseng Growth impact relatively
Test shows the growth promotion principle analysis of the utility model design cool canopy, and the take shelter from rain design light transmittance of film of the two-layer network folder one deck that shades is, temperature, the just in time requirement of suitable pseudo-ginseng to illumination of humidity, and therefore, pseudo-ginseng grows under this environment better.
The cool canopy of the utility model design can reach more than 90% the control efficiency of the leaf diseases such as pseudo-ginseng circle pinta, gray mold, black spot.Its reason is: this utility model can make seven garden ventilations, lucifuge, avoid rainwater to pour the pseudo-ginseng blade, reduces by seven garden humidity, prevents that disease from infecting with popular.Pseudo-ginseng black spot, circle pinta gray mold are all typical acrial part diseases, and the generation of disease can cause the infringement of pseudo-ginseng acrial part, finally causes serious production loss.The suitableeest sprouting of pseudo-ginseng Alternaria alternata caused occurrence conidium greenhouse is 22 ℃, and the suitableeest sprouting relative moisture is 100% (Wang Yong etc., 2005).Environmental condition is at 16-20 ℃, relative moisture be on 80% with, when continuing more than 3 days, pseudo-ginseng circle pinta and black spot can occur.Be pseudo-ginseng black spot and pseudo-ginseng circle spot pathogenetic period annual April to October, and 8 a.m. is to 6 pm, and in the cool canopy of the utility model design, average relative humidity is lower than 80%.In addition, in the greenhouse, the water holding time of pseudo-ginseng blade or stem is also shorter.These temperature and humidity conditions all are not suitable for the pathogen spore germination and infect.In addition, pseudo-ginseng circle pinta and bacterial leaf spot all belong to the disease that rainwater splashes and propagates.In tradition plantation situation, disease can be with the rainwater propagation of splashing.Yet the shading of the utility model design cool canopy of taking shelter from rain has effectively been blocked rainwater and has been splashed to the propagation of disease, has reduced spreading of disease.
In sum, the utility model is by the design of pseudo-ginseng garden Jian Yuan, frame and build, and creates the shading environment of suitable Panax notoginseng Growth and is unfavorable for disease spread and the growing environment that infects, and controls the generation of pseudo-ginseng disease.Can effectively reduce the disease control cost, promote the pseudo-ginseng quality, preserve the ecological environment, have significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improve and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of the utility model claims.
Claims (2)
1. the lew that shades that reduces the pseudo-ginseng leaf diseases, is characterized in that, the frame main body comprises arched framework (5) and support (6), and support (6) supports arched framework (5); Top internal layer covers transparent watertight film (1), outer the first shade net (2) that covers 75% shading rate, frame main body surrounding be with the 3rd sunshade net (4) of 90% shading rate, fixing second sunshade net (3) of one deck 50% shading rate on the 1.5-2 rice height levels of booth inside.
2. the cool canopy of taking shelter from rain that shades of reduction pseudo-ginseng leaf diseases according to claim 1, is characterized in that, seedbed width (a) is 160cm; Seedbed spacing (b) is 40cm; Canopy spacing (c) is 60cm; Column high (d) is 150-200cm; Canopy camber (e) is 50-100cm; Canopy wide (f) is 400cm; Set spacing (g) is 360cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220619989 CN202918793U (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Shade canopy for reducing diseases of pseudo-ginseng leaves |
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| CN 201220619989 CN202918793U (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Shade canopy for reducing diseases of pseudo-ginseng leaves |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416267A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Loquat rain sheltering device |
| CN103749220A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-04-30 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Application of sunshade net to agriculture rain shielding and fruit tree rain shed made of sunshade net |
| CN104186250A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Light-adjustable pseudo-ginseng cultivation greenhouse |
| CN104221777A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Greenhouse for cultivating pseudo-ginsengs |
| CN104247642A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-31 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Panax notoginseng cultivation greenhouse with warmth retention function |
| CN104488613A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-04-08 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Panax notoginseng virus disease prevention method |
| CN105103854A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-02 | 昆明杏林大观园旅游开发有限公司 | Stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology for panax notoginseng |
| CN106342510A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-25 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for controlling powdery mildew of pseudo-ginseng in cultivation without pesticide residues |
| CN106358653A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Industrialized pesticide-residue-free cultivation method for panax notoginseng |
| CN108617446A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of implantation methods of abatement notoginseng root rot |
| CN109121906A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of rain shelter cultivation method controlling Radix Notoginseng disease |
| CN111492921A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 西南林业大学 | Method for planting organic pseudo-ginseng under forest |
-
2012
- 2012-11-16 CN CN 201220619989 patent/CN202918793U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104488613A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-04-08 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Panax notoginseng virus disease prevention method |
| CN103416267A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Loquat rain sheltering device |
| CN103749220B (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2015-12-30 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | With the fruit tree rain shade that sunshade net is done |
| CN103749220A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-04-30 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Application of sunshade net to agriculture rain shielding and fruit tree rain shed made of sunshade net |
| CN104186250A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Light-adjustable pseudo-ginseng cultivation greenhouse |
| CN104221777A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Greenhouse for cultivating pseudo-ginsengs |
| CN104247642A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-31 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Panax notoginseng cultivation greenhouse with warmth retention function |
| CN105103854A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-02 | 昆明杏林大观园旅游开发有限公司 | Stereoscopic cultivation facility and technology for panax notoginseng |
| CN105103854B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2019-01-25 | 昆明杏林大观园健康产业(集团)有限公司 | A kind of Radix Notoginseng stereo cultivation facility and technology |
| CN106342510A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-25 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for controlling powdery mildew of pseudo-ginseng in cultivation without pesticide residues |
| CN106358653A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Industrialized pesticide-residue-free cultivation method for panax notoginseng |
| CN108617446A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of implantation methods of abatement notoginseng root rot |
| CN109121906A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of rain shelter cultivation method controlling Radix Notoginseng disease |
| CN111492921A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 西南林业大学 | Method for planting organic pseudo-ginseng under forest |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130508 Termination date: 20131116 |