CN105052726A - Method for breeding high-yield japonica rice species capable of efficiently preventing rice blast - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-yield japonica rice species capable of efficiently preventing rice blast Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding high-yield japonica rice species capable of efficiently preventing rice blast. The method comprises the following steps: (1) hybridizing a rice blast preventing parent with a high-yield parent to obtain a hybrid F1 generation, planting the hybrid F1 generation, and harvesting the F2 generation seeds; (2) sowing the F2 generation seeds in the planting area in a proper time, and selecting the single plants to obtain F3 generation plants; (3) mixing the selected F3 generation plants, threshing, sowing in a proper time, planting single plants, in the booting stage, using the rice blast mixed bacterium liquid in the area which is suitable for promotion of the species to carry out inoculation, and choosing the single plants to obtain the F4 generation plants; (4) choosing segregation generation more than F4 generation, choosing the plants, and obtaining the seeds of target species. According to the method, a rice blast inoculation technology and a high-yield species small area selecting technology are organically combined; the rice blast resisting gene and high-yield gene are effectively combined; the yield level and the resistance level are both enhanced, the vitality of the novel species is improved, and the rice blast resistant level of the novel species is effectively enhanced at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind, belong to plant variety breeding technique field.
Background technology
At present, paddy rice is the maximum cereal crops of China, and guaranteeing that rice safety is produced is the basis ensureing increases in grain production, increasing peasant income, is also have huge facilitation to the national economic development simultaneously.Along with warming of global climate, the increase of extreme climate uncertain factor in Rice Production process, Rice Production faces new challenges, as: flowering stage, high temperature caused empty grain number to increase, middle and later periods, long-term wet weather, panicle blast is caused to occur, insect pest etc., all will have a strong impact on rice safety to produce, wherein affecting the heaviest is rice blast, the heaviest with panicle blast impact again in rice warm disease, rice yield is had the greatest impact, what paddy rice rice warm disease biological strain had found just has kind more than 100, and there is vertical resistance, once occur, infection velocity quickly, effect of chemical control is also bad, particularly 2014, paddy rice rice warm disease occurs from the Northeast of China to Yangtze river basin large area, the total crop failure of more than 200 ten thousand mu, the Northeast, more than 500 ten thousand mu, Yangtze river basin Severe Reduction, huge production loss is caused to China.
Rice blast is divided into again seedling pest, leaf pest, panicle blast etc., significant positive correlation is there is between them, seed selection anti-rice warm disease rice varieties solves rice blast in Rice Production most economical effective method occurs, in certain area coverage, rice blast is also several throughout the year or tens biological strains occur, the pathogenetic biological strain of zones of different rice temperature is also not quite similar, therefore, solve the pathogenetic problem of rice blast in certain area, carry out resistance kind with the mixed bacteria liquid of the biological strain in this region, being bred as this region biological strain rice blast anti-is the most effective method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the defect overcoming prior art, a kind of selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind is provided, by the method, rice blast inoculation technique and high yielding variety community optimization technique are organically combined, blast resistant gene can be realized be polymerized with the effective of Yield Genes, promote the collaborative raising of new varieties yield level and resistance level, promote the vitality being bred as new varieties, effectively promote the blast resisting level of improved variety.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind, and the step of the method is as follows:
(1) a blast resisting parent and another high parent are hybridized, obtain Hybrid F1 from generation to generation, by Hybrid F1 plantation from generation to generation, obtain F2 plant from generation to generation, after maturation, mix and receive F2 seed from generation to generation;
(2) F2 generation seed is begun sowing in good time in growing area, individual plant is planted, and in booting stage, inoculates with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, in heading latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, indoor species test, investigate spike weight, ripening rate and exterior quality, retain average spike weight 4.8-5.2g, the individual plant of ripening rate more than 90%, obtain F3 plant from generation to generation;
(3) by the F3 of middle choosing plant individual plant mixing from generation to generation threshing, begin sowing in good time, individual plant is planted, in booting stage, inoculate with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, in heading latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, indoor species test, investigates spike weight, ripening rate and exterior quality, retain average spike weight 4.8-5.2g, ripening rate more than 90%, the individual plant of chalkness ratio less than 35%, obtains F4 plant from generation to generation;
(4) by segregative generation above from generation to generation for the F4 that selects and remain, strain nursery is set up by pedigree, booting stage, fixing strain is chosen in every community, inoculate with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, ear latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the community of 0.5cm, first the yielding ability of carrying out between community compares, and carries out comparing between individuality in the community that yielding ability is good again, choose the individual plant that variety proterties is good, carry out indoor species test, stablize to target individual, obtain target variety seed;
(5) target variety is done the modified parent of next round high yield blast resisting, repeat step (1) to step (4) until a kind of appearance being polymerized Yield Genes Varieties Resistant To Rice Blast.
Further, in described step (4), set up strain nursery by pedigree, every community 42 strain, 6 × 7 row, and in booting stage, 6 strains are chosen in every community.
Further, in step (2), step (3) and step (4), the method carrying out inoculating with rice blast mixed bacteria liquid is as follows: booting stage, paddy rice falls 1 leaf pulvinus when stretching out down 2 leaf pulvinus 2-3cm, draw 1ml rice blast mixed bacteria liquid with entry needle, inject, after inoculation 1 leaf pulvinus 2-3cm side in distance, be bonded at falling on 1 leaf of the single fringe of inoculation with white two-sided tape, then fix with stapler.
Further, in step (4), minizone yielding ability comparative approach: every community second row six individual plants compare, catch bottom individual plant with the right hand, to fringe, portion moves, and jog, feels rugosity and the fringe partial amount of individual plant between two communities simultaneously, fringe is thick, fringe severe one is preferable cell, otherwise eliminates; In preferable cell, compare rugosity and the regularity of the every individual plant fringe in community, thick and neat in choosing, otherwise to eliminate.
Further, in step (1), described blast resisting parent is military fortune No. 21, round-grained rice, and described high parent is military fortune 2336.
Have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, by rice blast inoculation technique, be applied to the whole process of whole breed breeding, effectively improve the blast resisting level of improved variety;
Be suitable for rice blast mixed bacteria liquid in promoting region by kind to inoculate, whole breeding process is more targeted, and the new varieties be bred as like this, more can resist the generation that kind is suitable for rice blast disease in promoting region, promote the safety in production of this region paddy rice;
2, be conducive to realizing combination that is disease-resistant and high yield: in Breeding Process, rice blast inoculation technique and high yielding variety community optimization technique are organically combined, blast resistant gene can be realized effectively be polymerized with Yield Genes, promote the collaborative raising of new varieties yield level and resistance level, promote the vitality being bred as new varieties.
Embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention more easily be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
(1) by a blast resisting parent: military fortune No. 21, round-grained rice is done maternal with another high parent: militaryly transport 2336 and hybridize as male parent, obtain Hybrid F1 42 from generation to generation, by Hybrid F1 plantation from generation to generation, plant two row, cell id 1008, often row 10, obtain F2 plant from generation to generation, after maturation, mixed receipts 150 grams of F2 seed from generation to generation;
(2) F2 generation (cell id 2017) is begun sowing in good time (May 18) in growing area, individual plant is planted, the strain of plantation colony 600, booting stage, inoculate with rice blast mixed bacteria liquid, in heading latter 30 days, choosing is received fringe top on inoculation fringe and is turned white, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, receives individual plant 147 strain altogether; Indoor species test, investigates spike weight, ripening rate, exterior quality.Retain average spike weight 4.8-5.2g, the individual plant of ripening rate more than 90%, outward appearance reaches the Ministry of Agriculture's three grades of rice standards, and three all meet, and obtains F3 plant totally 53 strains from generation to generation;
(3) by the F3 of middle choosing (cell id 3011) individual plant mixing from generation to generation threshing, begin sowing in good time, individual plant is planted, the strain of plantation colony 600, booting stage, inoculate with rice blast mixed bacteria liquid, in heading latter 30 days, choosing is received fringe top on inoculation fringe and is turned white, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, receive individual plant 168 strain altogether, indoor species test (the species test method in the same step of method (2)) three all meets, and obtains F4 plant totally 61 strains from generation to generation;
(4) will to select and remain the segregative generation of F4 from generation to generation more than (cell id 4010), strain nursery is set up by pedigree, every community 42 strain, 6 × 7 row, booting stage, 6 strains are chosen in every community, inoculate with rice blast mixed bacteria liquid, ear latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the community of 0.5cm, first the yielding ability of carrying out between community compares, carry out again comparing between individuality in the community that yielding ability is good, choose totally 31 strains of the good individual plant of variety proterties, carry out indoor species test (average spike weight, ripening rate, species test method in the same step of exterior quality method (2)), middle menu strain 21 strain, obtain F5 seed from generation to generation,
7) plant F5 from generation to generation (cell id 5007) 21 strains, specification, Field inoculation, preferable cell compare, the same step of indoor kind method (4)), middle menu strain 15 strain;
8) plant F6 from generation to generation (cell id 6007), field planting 15 strains, specification, Field inoculation, preferable cell compare, the same step of indoor kind method (4)), finally select 7 individual plants;
9) Hainan adds generation, plants 6 communities, 7 community mixed receipts 0.5 jin of seeds respectively.
10) 7 strains enter variety test of lines.Yield compari, Resistance Identification, year code name be 2743 strain show as blast resisting, outward appearance reaches three grades of rice, output is the highest, tentative by name: military fortune No. 27, round-grained rice (2743).
In step (2), step (3) and step (4), average spike weight refer to spike of rice dry after average weight; Ripening rate refers to that total grain deducts the percentage that empty grain (containing flat grain) grain number accounts for total grain.
Rice blast mixed bacteria liquid can be provided by provincial Institute of Plant Protection, locality.
A kind of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice breed breeding method provided by the invention, mainly carrying out on the basis of scientific research to rice blast and high-yield rice community optimization technique, use japonica rice rice blast in booting stage artificial inoculation technique, and Pyricularia oryzae liquid be kind suitable promoting region Institute of Plant Protection gather the mixed bacteria liquid of preparation, have more specific aim like this, ensure that being bred as new varieties has good resistance to rice blast.Meanwhile, use japonica rice high yield plant type community optimization technique, first carry out comparing between preferable cell, select Quality Residential District, carry out again comparing between individuality in preferable cell, guarantee to select optimum individual, thus realize the coordinated development of the good blast resistance of new varieties and the high yield be bred as.And by rice blast inoculation technique, indoor species test is through the whole Breeding Process of new varieties, on the basis ensureing kind blast resistance, by indoor species test, multi objective carries out quality-screening on a large scale, more the combination of beneficial qualities and yielding ability, realizes the common raising of output, quality, resistance, be bred as the existing japonica rice new varieties of the anti-rice with high yield potential, good popularizing application prospect will be had.
Above-described specific embodiment; technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the present invention solves are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a selection for Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind, is characterized in that the step of the method is as follows:
(1) a blast resisting parent and another high parent are hybridized, obtain Hybrid F1 from generation to generation, by Hybrid F1 plantation from generation to generation, obtain F2 plant from generation to generation, after maturation, mix and receive F2 seed from generation to generation;
(2) F2 generation seed is begun sowing in good time in growing area, individual plant is planted, and in booting stage, inoculates with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, in heading latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, indoor species test, investigate spike weight, ripening rate and exterior quality, retain average spike weight 4.8-5.2g, the individual plant of ripening rate more than 90%, obtain F3 plant from generation to generation;
(3) by the F3 of middle choosing plant individual plant mixing from generation to generation threshing, begin sowing in good time, individual plant is planted, in booting stage, inoculate with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, in heading latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the individual plant of 0.5cm, indoor species test, investigates spike weight, ripening rate and exterior quality, retain average spike weight 4.8-5.2g, ripening rate more than 90%, the individual plant of chalkness ratio less than 35%, obtains F4 plant from generation to generation;
(4) by segregative generation above from generation to generation for the F4 that selects and remain, strain nursery is set up by pedigree, booting stage, fixing strain is chosen in every community, inoculate with the rice blast mixed bacteria liquid that kind is suitable in promoting region, ear latter 30 days, on choosing receipts inoculation fringe, turn white in fringe top, or fringe caulody stalk blackout length is less than the community of 0.5cm, first the yielding ability of carrying out between community compares, and carries out comparing between individuality in the community that yielding ability is good again, choose the individual plant that variety proterties is good, carry out indoor species test, stablize to target individual, obtain target variety seed;
(5) target variety is done the modified parent of next round high yield blast resisting, repeat step (1) to step (4) until a kind of appearance being polymerized Yield Genes Varieties Resistant To Rice Blast.
2. the selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), set up strain nursery by pedigree, every community 42 strain, 6 × 7 row, and in booting stage, 6 strains is chosen in every community.
3. the selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step (2), step (3) and step (4), the method carrying out inoculating with rice blast mixed bacteria liquid is as follows: booting stage, paddy rice falls 1 leaf pulvinus when stretching out down 2 leaf pulvinus 2-3cm, 1ml rice blast mixed bacteria liquid is drawn with entry needle, inject 1 leaf pulvinus 2-3cm side in distance, after inoculation, be bonded at falling on 1 leaf of the single fringe of inoculation with white two-sided tape, then fix with stapler.
4. the selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step (4), minizone yielding ability comparative approach: every community second row six individual plants compare, catch bottom individual plant with the right hand, to fringe, portion moves, and jog, feels rugosity and the fringe partial amount of individual plant between two communities simultaneously, fringe is thick, fringe severe one is preferable cell, otherwise eliminates; In preferable cell, compare rugosity and the regularity of the every individual plant fringe in community, thick and neat in choosing, otherwise to eliminate.
5. the selection of Effective Anti rice blast high yield japonica rice kind according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described blast resisting parent is military fortune No. 21, round-grained rice, and described high parent is military fortune 2336.
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| CN106544396A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Indoor rice blast sick seedling pestilence identification and the method for quick breeding disease resisting rice |
| CN106613901A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Method for improving American glabrous rice and japonica rice germplasm |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105660382A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 山东省水稻研究所 | Rice breeding method |
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| CN106489717A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-15 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | A kind of Rice Resistance To Rice Blast orderly improvement method |
| CN106613901A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Method for improving American glabrous rice and japonica rice germplasm |
| CN106544396A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Indoor rice blast sick seedling pestilence identification and the method for quick breeding disease resisting rice |
| CN107251834A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-17 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of precocious intermediate keng rice kind |
| CN107593427A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of the rice with high anti-, steady blast resisting performance |
| CN107593427B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of rice with high-resistance and stable-rice-blast-resistance performance |
| CN111248082A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Breeding method of density-resistant direct-seeding japonica rice variety |
| CN111567397A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | High-quality long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 and breeding method |
| CN111869562A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | High-quality small-grain aromatic japonica rice Wuxiangjing 113 and breeding method |
| CN111869562B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-11-22 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality small-grain-flavor japonica rice Wuxiangjing 113 |
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Application publication date: 20151118 |