CN102960232A - Method for breeding of eurytopic high-yield new wheat variety in one spot between different sowing time - Google Patents

Method for breeding of eurytopic high-yield new wheat variety in one spot between different sowing time Download PDF

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CN102960232A
CN102960232A CN2012103130972A CN201210313097A CN102960232A CN 102960232 A CN102960232 A CN 102960232A CN 2012103130972 A CN2012103130972 A CN 2012103130972A CN 201210313097 A CN201210313097 A CN 201210313097A CN 102960232 A CN102960232 A CN 102960232A
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yield
sowing
october
adaptability
breeding
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CN102960232B (en
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谭飞泉
任正隆
张怀琼
张怀渝
晏本菊
蒋华仁
唐宗祥
罗培高
符书兰
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Sichuan Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种通过不同播期间的穿梭进行广适性高产小麦新品种的选育方法，10月15至20日之间种植新本，并于第二年开花期选择抽穗期适中和产量性状较好的材料作为亲本，进行杂交；11月初对F1播种；10月20日左右对F2播种；10月10日播种F3，淘汰不太适应的类型；11月上旬播种F4，选择对播期的适应性、抗病性、株高和株型等，并初步选择产量性状；10月10日播种F5，对F5的播期适应性、抗病性、株高和株型等进行选择，并初步选择产量性状，得到一些较稳定的株系和较多的种子；对F5以后各世代进行不同播期间有重复的适应性和产量鉴定，直至选育稳定的，高产的并具有广适性的新品系。本发明的实施成本较低，并具有较高的理论水平和应用前景。

Figure 201210313097

The invention discloses a method for breeding new wheat varieties with wide adaptability and high yield by shuttling between different sowing periods. The new varieties are planted between October 15 and 20, and the moderate heading date and yield are selected in the flowering period of the second year. The materials with better traits were used as parents for hybridization; F 1 was sown in early November; F 2 was sown around October 20; F 3 was sown on October 10 to eliminate less suitable types; F 4 was sown in early November, Select the adaptability to the sowing date, disease resistance, plant height and plant type, etc., and initially select the yield traits; sow F 5 on October 10, and the sowing date adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type of F 5 Types, etc. were selected, and yield traits were preliminarily selected to obtain some more stable lines and more seeds; each generation after F5 was repeatedly identified for adaptability and yield during different sowing periods until stable, high-yielding strains were selected. A new strain with broad adaptability. The implementation cost of the present invention is relatively low, and has relatively high theoretical level and application prospect.

Figure 201210313097

Description

With the selection that carries out eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties between the different sowing dates of place
Technical field
The invention belongs to bio-science field, relate in particular to and a kind ofly carry out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between the different sowing dates of same place.
Background technology
The traditional wheat planting mode of the Sichuan Basin and peripheral provinces and cities mainly contains two kinds: beautiful sweet potato (beans) triple-cropping system (abbreviation triple-cropping system) of wheat that namely is distributed in rice-wheat growing system (abbreviation double cropping system) and the distribution hilly upland on Plain and ditch mortise ground, hills.In triple-cropping system, wheat generally carries out strip cropping at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 months, corn is live or be transplanted between the wheat planting band at the beginning of by the end of March to 4 months in next year, behind the mid-May harvesting wheat, planting sweet potato or soybean between the corn again, at the mid or late July harvesting corn, wheat on planting again behind sweet potato or the soybean harvest at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 months, finish and received for three seasons in 1 year, therefore be called triple-cropping system, in this cropping pattern, require wheat can late sowing precocious, with the results that are conducive to previous crops sweet potato or soybean and the corn growth of intercropping.And in the double cropping system, paddy rice seedling at the beginning of by the end of March by 4 months is transplanted into the land for growing field crops behind the early and middle ten days harvesting wheat in May, and by the end of August to the early September results, in this cropping pattern, require wheat can early sowing precocious.Because many reasons, the wheat breed that does not adapt with double cropping system at present, wheat still will be sowed at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 months, and mid-May in next year, results were finished two crops a year.In double cropping system, because the breediness of wheat, the subject matter that occurs at present is that the soil will cause the serious waste of photo-thermal water resource in the free time that occurs about two months during rice harves and the wheat cultivation, and wheat also can be difficult to obtain because breeding time is too short high yield.Therefore anxious must seed selection all have better adaptive new variety of wheat to double cropping system and triple-cropping system, realizes the further raising of wheat yield.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize a kind of selection of High-yield Wheat new varieties, cultivate the Wide-adaptive new variety of wheat of high yield, be intended to fundamentally to have solved the wheat planting of the complexity that the Sichuan Basin and surrounding area form because of special ecological condition and complicated topography and geomorphology to the requirement of wheat different sowing dates, have higher theoretical level and application prospect widely.
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly carry out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates, the method may further comprise the steps:
Plant the parent between annual October 15 to 20, and flowering stage select heading stage moderate yield traits preferably material hybridize as the parent;
At the beginning of annual 11 months to F 1Sowing;
About annual October 20 to F 2Sowing;
Annual sowing on October 10 F 3, eliminate the type that those not too adapt to early sowing;
Annual early November sowing F 4, select adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. to date of seeding, and the initial option yield traits;
Annual sowing on October 10 F 5, to F 5Date of seeding adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. select, and initial option yield traits obtains some more stable strains and more seed;
F 5Later on each processing from generation to generation, owing to obtained more stable strain, its seed is more, the yield trials of repetition can be arranged, adaptability and the output of carrying out simultaneously under the different sowing dates condition are identified, this process can be carried out two to three years repeatedly, until that select stable high yield and different sowing dates had better adaptive new lines.Foregoing has been set forth the process and method with crossbreeding seed selection eurytopicity High-Yield Wheat Cultivar, and this process and method also is applicable to the seed selection of other breeding technique and other crop eurytopicity new varieties.
Further, the seed selection of described High-Yield Wheat Cultivar is by the shuttle breeding between the different sowing dates in same place.
Further, the High-yield Wheat new varieties that select can adapt to ecological condition, cropping pattern and the date of seeding requirement of Sichuan Basin complexity.
The selection (take the wheat hybridizing breeding as example) that carries out eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates of the present invention, the method may further comprise the steps: plant the parent between annual October 15 to 20, and in Second Year select flowering stage heading stage moderate yield traits preferably material hybridize as the parent; At the beginning of annual 11 months to F 1Sowing; About annual October 20 to F 2Sowing; Annual sowing on October 10 F 3, eliminate the type that those not too adapt to early sowing; Annual early November sowing F 4, select adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. to date of seeding, and the initial option yield traits; Annual October 10 is to F 5Date of seeding adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. select, and initial option yield traits obtains some more stable strains and more seed; F 5Each processing mode from generation to generation is owing to obtained more stable strain later on, its seed is more, the yield trials of repetition can be arranged, the adaptability of carrying out simultaneously under the different sowing dates condition is identified, this process can be carried out two to three years repeatedly, until that select stable high yield and different sowing dates had better adaptive new lines.The shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates of passing through among the present invention carried out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties, by the repeatedly seed selection between the different sowing dates, so just increased middle material selection to the adaptability of different sowing dates, also just adapted to different cropping patterns to times different requirements, increase its extent of spreading amd application, namely not only can be used for double cropping system, but also can be used for triple-cropping system, even may when the first arrival in October is at the beginning of 11 months, whenever sow and obtain optimal production.Shuttle breeding between the different sowing dates in same place, fundamentally solve the wheat planting of the complexity that the Sichuan Basin and surrounding area form because of special ecological condition and complicated topography and geomorphology to the requirement of wheat different sowing dates, had higher theoretical level and application prospect widely.Shuttle breeding cost between the different sowing dates in same place is relatively low, because the shuttle breeding of different location, The breederWill between the different location, hurry back and forth back and forth, so both increase cost, also delay very much.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the selection of High-yield Wheat new varieties provided by the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of and has carried out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates, and the method may further comprise the steps:
Between annual October 15 to 20, select heading stage moderate yield traits preferably material hybridize as the parent;
At the beginning of annual 11 months to F 1Sowing;
About annual October 20 to F 2Sowing;
Annual sowing on October 10 F 3, eliminate the type that those not too adapt to early sowing;
Annual early November sowing F 4, select adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. to date of seeding, and the initial option yield traits;
Annual sowing on October 10 F 5, to F 5Date of seeding adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. select, and initial option yield traits obtains some more stable strains and more seed;
F 5Later on each processing from generation to generation, owing to obtained more stable strain, its seed is more, the yield trials of repetition can be arranged, the adaptability of carrying out simultaneously under the different sowing dates condition is identified, this process can be carried out two to three years repeatedly, until that select stable high yield and different sowing dates had better adaptive new lines.Foregoing has been set forth the process and method with crossbreeding seed selection eurytopicity High-Yield Wheat Cultivar, and this process and method also is applicable to the seed selection of other breeding technique and other crop eurytopicity new varieties.
As a prioritization scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the seed selection of High-Yield Wheat Cultivar is by the shuttle breeding between the different sowing dates in same place.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the selection of High-yield Wheat new varieties of the present invention is described in further detail.Output is identified and can be changed output and adaptability evaluation among Fig. 1.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly to carry out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates, mainly may further comprise the steps:
The first step, parent's plantation and selection.Parent's sowing time is to be advisable between October 15 to 20, select with this understanding heading stage moderate yield traits preferably material as the parent, hybridize, the possibility of choosing like this individual plant that sowing time from early October to early November is all adapted in its offspring is just larger.When hybridizing, consider simultaneously the disease resistance between the parent, the reasonable coordination of plant height, plant type, yield level, this is in order to increase the probability of the individual plant appearance that has a plurality of ideal character assemblys among its offspring.
Second step, F 1Plantation and selection.Because F 1Be in heterozygous state, added new nuclear genetic material, kytoplasm may be inharmonious, and is therefore responsive to low temperature to panicle spike primordium differentiation stage, F 1Do not carry out Gene Isolation, restructuring and exchange, each individual contained genetic material is substantially the same, and is also almost not different to the resistance of low temperature, so F 1Can not broadcast too early, be advisable at the beginning of 11 months, sowing too early very easily causes F 1Solid too poor and whole combination is superseded.
The 3rd step, F 2Plantation and selection.Compare F with F1 2Portion gene separation, restructuring and exchange have occured, have also occurred larger difference between the individuality, but because Gene Isolation, restructuring and exchange are also incomplete, so in order to obtain the combination of more a plurality of ideal characters, so F 2Can not broadcast too early, to be advisable about October 20.
The 4th step, F 3Plantation and selection.With F 2Compare F 3The process of Gene Isolation, restructuring and exchange carry out more fully, the combination of a plurality of ideal characters of this appearance just may occur, F 3Sowing time can further shift to an earlier date, be advisable in October 10 sowing, can eliminate the type that those not too adapt to early sowing like this.
The 5th step, F 4Plantation and selection.With F 3Compare F 4The process of Gene Isolation, restructuring and exchange carry out more fully, the basicly stable moulding of individuality, the possibility that continues variation diminishes, so the emphasis in F4 generation is to select.Because this F3 selects under the early sowing condition, so the date of seeding of F4 is advisable with late sowing, date of seeding is early November, selects adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. to date of seeding under this this condition, and the initial option yield traits.
The 6th step, F 5Plantation and selection.F 5In generation, gets back to October 10 again and plants, under the early sowing condition to its date of seeding adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. select and initial option yield traits, and can obtain some more stable strains and more seed.
The 7th step, F 5Each processing and output is from generation to generation identified later on.Owing to obtained strain, its seed is more, and the yield trials of repetition can be arranged, and the output that can carry out simultaneously under the different sowing dates condition is identified.This process can be carried out two to three years repeatedly, until that select stable high yield and different sowing dates had better adaptive new lines.Foregoing has been set forth the process and method with crossbreeding seed selection eurytopicity High-Yield Wheat Cultivar, and this process and method also is applicable to the seed selection of other breeding technique and other crop eurytopicity new varieties.
The selection that carries out eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties by shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates of the present invention, the method may further comprise the steps: sow the parent between annual October 15 to 20, and in Second Year select heading stage moderate yield traits preferably material hybridize as the parent; At the beginning of annual 11 months to F 1Sowing; About annual October 20 to F 2Sowing; Annual sowing on October 10 F 3, eliminate the type that those not too adapt to early sowing; Annual early November sowing F 4, select adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. to date of seeding, and the initial option yield traits; Annual October 10 is to F 5Sowing is to F 5Date of seeding adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type etc. select, and initial option yield traits obtains some more stable strains and more seed; F 5Each processing and output is from generation to generation identified later on.The shuttling back and forth between different sowing dates of passing through among the present invention carried out the selection of eurytopicity High-yield Wheat new varieties, by the repeatedly seed selection between the different sowing dates, so just increased middle material selection to the adaptability of different sowing dates, also just satisfied different cropping patterns to times different requirements, increased the extent of spreading amd application, namely not only can be used for double cropping system, but also can be used for triple-cropping system, even may when the first arrival in October is at the beginning of 11 months, whenever sow and obtain optimal production.Shuttle breeding between the different sowing dates in same place, fundamentally solve the wheat planting of the complexity that the Sichuan Basin and surrounding area form because of special ecological condition and complicated topography and geomorphology to the requirement of wheat different sowing dates, had higher theoretical level and application prospect widely.Shuttle breeding cost between the different sowing dates in same place is relatively low, because the shuttle breeding of different location, the breeder will hurry back and forth between the different location, so both increase cost, also delay very much.
Foregoing has been set forth the process and method with crossbreeding seed selection eurytopicity High-Yield Wheat Cultivar, and this process and method also is applicable to the seed selection of other breeding technique and other crop eurytopicity new varieties.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.一种通过不同播期间的穿梭进行广适性高产小麦新品种的选育方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：1. a method for selecting and breeding new varieties of broadly suitable high-yield wheat by shuttling during different sowing periods, it is characterized in that the method may further comprise the steps: 每年10月15至20日之间，选择抽穗期适中的产量性状较好的材料作为亲本，进行杂交；Between October 15th and 20th every year, select materials with good yield and traits at a moderate heading period as parents for hybridization; 每年11月初对F1播种； F1 is sown in early November every year; 每年10月20日左右对F2播种； F2 is sown around October 20 every year; 每年10月10日播种F3，淘汰掉那些对早播不太适应的类型；Sow F 3 on October 10 every year to eliminate those types that are not suitable for early sowing; 每年11月上旬播种F4，选择对播期的适应性、抗病性、株高和株型等，并初步选择产量性状；Sow F 4 in the first ten days of November every year, select the adaptability to the sowing date, disease resistance, plant height and plant type, etc., and initially select the yield traits; 每年10月10日播种F5，对F5的播期适应性、抗病性、株高和株型等进行选择，并初步选择产量性状，得到一些较稳定的株系和较多的种子；Sow F 5 on October 10 every year, select F 5 for sowing date adaptability, disease resistance, plant height and plant type, and initially select yield traits to obtain some more stable lines and more seeds; F5以后各世代的处理，由于得到了较稳定的株系，其种子已较多，可进行有重复的产量试验，同时进行不同播期条件下的适应性和产量鉴定，这个过程可反复进行两至三年，直至选出稳定的高产的和对不同播期有较好适应性的新品系。For the treatment of each generation after F5 , since a relatively stable line has been obtained, there are more seeds, and repeated yield tests can be carried out. At the same time, the adaptability and yield identification under different sowing dates can be carried out. This process can be repeated. Two to three years until a new line with stable high yield and good adaptability to different sowing dates is selected. 2.如权利要求1所述的高产小麦品种的选育方法，其特征在于，所述高产小麦品种的选育是通过同一地点的不同播期之间的穿梭育种。2. The method for breeding high-yield wheat varieties as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the breeding of high-yield wheat varieties is through shuttle breeding between different sowing dates in the same place. 3.如权利要求1所述的高产小麦品种的选育方法，其特征在于，选育出的高产小麦新品种能适应四川盆地复杂的生态条件和种植模式以及播期要求。3. The method for breeding high-yield wheat varieties as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the new high-yield wheat varieties selected can adapt to the complex ecological conditions, planting patterns and sowing date requirements of the Sichuan Basin.
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CN104604671A (en) * 2014-12-03 2015-05-13 上海市农业科学院 Breeding method for novel vegetable soybean variety with wide adaptability
CN106857229A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-20 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 A kind of Application way of Britain's wheat germplasm
CN107041297A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-08-15 亳州市农业科学研究院 A kind of high yield, the selection of wide adaptation type new variety of wheat and application
CN114027174A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-11 山西农业大学小麦研究所(山西省农业科学院小麦研究所) Breeding method of high-yield, widely-adaptive and disease-resistant wheat variety

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104604671A (en) * 2014-12-03 2015-05-13 上海市农业科学院 Breeding method for novel vegetable soybean variety with wide adaptability
CN106857229A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-20 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 A kind of Application way of Britain's wheat germplasm
CN107041297A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-08-15 亳州市农业科学研究院 A kind of high yield, the selection of wide adaptation type new variety of wheat and application
CN114027174A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-11 山西农业大学小麦研究所(山西省农业科学院小麦研究所) Breeding method of high-yield, widely-adaptive and disease-resistant wheat variety

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