CN102783409A - Method for breeding high-quality, good-taste and high-yield rice variety - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-quality, good-taste and high-yield rice variety Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of breeding technology of plant variety, and provides a method for breeding high-quality, good-taste and high-yield rice variety. The method comprises the steps of indirectly selecting correlated characters of plurality of quality indexes of low-generation segregation group; selecting uniform-velocity grouting character and milling-resisting character of the rice; indirectly selecting seed grains with good plumpness, small starch particle and compact arrangement; indirectly selecting relative late flowering time and pressure to low alcohol soluble protein and middle amylase, wherein the stress of various habitats is beneficial to selecting good-taste stability of the rice; the selected strain has excellent quality and high yield; the quality screening of various indexes of the low-generation segregation group can be performed in a large scale on the basis of selecting good comprehensive agronomic characters, thereby being beneficial to combining the quality and the yielding ability; based on the high-yield and disease-resisting breeding method, the selection pressure of correlated characters of various quality indexes of the low-generation segregation group is beneficial to accumulating and controlling major gene and minor gene of good characters, thus improving genetic response and being beneficial to breeding new good-quality and good-taste rice variety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant variety breeding technique field, relate in particular to a kind of method of cultivating high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind.
Background technology
Rice is China people's main grain.Along with people's growth in the living standard and population built-up plough reduction trend still, the rigid demand of high-quality food flavor rice is grown with each passing day and the contradiction of demand and supply is constantly aggravated.Therefore, improving rice and make output, improve rice food flavor quality, increase stable supplying, is the common both at home and abroad significant problem of paying close attention to.The cultivation and the popularization of high-quality food flavor high yielding variety can ensure grain security from quality and quantity two aspects of rice.Strengthen excavation, evaluation and the utilization of excellent germplasm resource, innovation breeding theory method and technology, initiative improvement breeding material; Can accelerate to cultivate a collection of breakthrough new varieties; In the higher yield level coordination high-quality and the contradiction of high yield, to promote the stable food raising the output, agricultural continues synergy.
China is obtaining the achievement that attracts people's attention aspect the output breeding; Though relatively lag behind in breeding for quality research; Though the exterior quality improvement makes much progress; Bred a collection of fine quality that reaches more than the national secondary superior rice standard, but be difficult to compare favourably, do not reached the standard of " not only good-looking but also nice " as yet with Japanese fine quality rice in the food flavor quality.The food flavor quality is restricted by factors such as protein content, glue denseness and amylose content, is the result of the collaborative raising of the many indexs of rice quality.Simultaneously, grain security is the fundamental realities of the country of China, and high-quality must combine with high yield, solves the contradiction of high-quality and high yield effectively, promptly on the basis of high yield, improves quality, especially the food flavor quality of rice, is the difficult point of breeding, also is the key point that kind breaks through.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of cultivating high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind; The breeding method that being intended to solve prior art provides can't be cultivated the rice varieties that integrates high-quality and high yield; Can't on the basis of high yield, improve quality, the especially problem of food flavor quality of rice.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of cultivating high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind, this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, female parent and m the paternal hybrid that high yield resists more with n the index of quality coordinated get n * m combined hybrid kind F0;
Step 2 is planted n * m combination F0 seed respectively, and removes assorted strain, based on the strong excellent combination of selecting and remain of F1 plant advantage level and quality;
Step 3, with F2 from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting; Enlarge plantation colony, heading stage select high yield, economical character good, the moderate individual plant of granule density, and cut tens of grain husk flowers of grain husk; Observing the grain of rice of giving birth to, the individual plant that grain of rice circularity is good, transparency is good, nothing is gone mouldy of just selecting and remain is received the tassel of primary election individual plant morning in good time; Fringe base portion seed circularity and exterior quality are investigated in the air-dry back of tassel, the individual plant of the dead less grain of rice of final election and careful white belly;
Step 4, with the segregative generation more than the F3 of the individual plant of selecting and remain, receipts are mixed in the maturing stage, again through the indoor anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain by the strain system that when blooming stage primary election flower, relatively lags behind earlier;
Step 5 is coerced the generation of tending towards stability in multiple habitat, the strain that the good steady quality of selecting and remain shows surely is as target variety;
Step 6 is next round high-quality improvement parent with target variety, and repeating step one to step 5 combines optimum until the high-quality food flavor of target variety with high yield.
Further, in step 4, the standard of the anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain is: head rice rate is higher after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is the strain of anti-grinding; Head rice rate is lower after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is not the strain of anti-grinding.
Further, in step 3, from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting should be extended to the scale of plantation colony more than 2000 strains with F2.
Further, in step 5, multiple habitat was coerced and was comprised the generation of tending towards stability: high temperature grouting, high nitrogen level.
The kind that method selected of cultivation high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind provided by the invention has following technique effect:
1, the rice quality index is collaborative improves, and food flavor is good
In the low indirect selection of the correlated traits of a plurality of index of quality of segregation population from generation to generation, that is: at the uniform velocity be in the milk characteristic and the anti-characteristic of milling of rice selected, selected indirectly that bank up the roots of seedlings grain circularity is good, starch granules is little and tight arrangement; Slow relatively pressure is to the indirect selection of low alcohol soluble protein and medium amylose during flower; The selection that helps rice food flavor quality stability is coerced in multiple habitat;
2, help combining of high-quality and high yield
Low segregation population (F from generation to generation
2-F
3) selecting on the good basis of comprehensive agronomy proterties, many on a large scale indexs are carried out quality-screening, and more favourable quality combines with yielding ability;
3, help controlling adding up of high-quality character gene
Based on the breeding method of high-yield disease resisting, at low segregation population from generation to generation (F especially
2-3From generation to generation) carry out the selection pressure of a plurality of index of quality correlated traits, the major gene resistance of the control high-quality proterties that helps adding up improving the heredity response, thereby is cultivated high-quality flavour rice new varieties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the method for the cultivation high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in the qualification invention.
Fig. 1 shows the realization flow of the method for the cultivation high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind that the embodiment of the invention provides.
This method may further comprise the steps:
In step S101, female parent and m the paternal hybrid that high yield resists more with n the index of quality coordinated get n * m combined hybrid kind F0;
In step S102, n * m combination F0 seed planted respectively, and remove assorted strain, based on the strong excellent combination of selecting and remain of F1 plant advantage level and quality;
In step S103, with F2 from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting; Enlarge plantation colony, heading stage select high yield, economical character good, the moderate individual plant of granule density, and cut tens of grain husk flowers of grain husk; Observing the grain of rice of giving birth to, the individual plant that grain of rice circularity is good, transparency is good, nothing is gone mouldy of just selecting and remain is received the tassel of primary election individual plant morning in good time; Fringe base portion seed circularity and exterior quality are investigated in the air-dry back of tassel, the individual plant of the dead less grain of rice of final election and careful white belly;
In step S104, with the segregative generation more than the F3 of the individual plant of selecting and remain, receipts are mixed in the maturing stage, again through the indoor anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain by the strain system that when blooming stage primary election flower, relatively lags behind earlier;
In step S105, the generation of tending towards stability to be coerced in multiple habitat, the stable strain of the performance best in quality of selecting and remain is as target variety;
In step S106, target variety is next round high-quality improvement parent, repeating step S101 is to step S105, combines optimum with high yield until the high-quality food flavor of target variety.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step S104, the standard of the anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain is: head rice rate is higher after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is the strain of anti-grinding; Head rice rate is lower after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is not the strain of anti-grinding.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step S103, from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting should be extended to the scale of plantation colony more than 2000 strains with F2.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step S105, multiple habitat was coerced and was comprised the generation of tending towards stability: high temperature grouting, high nitrogen level.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment application principle of the present invention is further described.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of improvement,, strengthen low generation, especially F promptly based on the breeding method of high-yield disease resisting
2The selection pressure of correlation of attributes proterties from generation to generation, the major gene resistance of the control high-quality proterties that adds up responds to improve heredity, thereby cultivates high-quality flavour rice new varieties (being).
The method of this cultivation high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind may further comprise the steps:
A) select n have article (index of quality coordinations) of fine quality do maternal, with m the high yield paternal hybrids that resist more, get n * m combined hybrid kind F
0
B) with n * m combination F
0Seed is planted respectively, removes assorted strain, according to F
1The strong excellent combination of selecting and remain of plant advantage level and quality;
C) with F
2In the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting enlarges plantation colony's (more than 2000 strains) from generation to generation; Heading stage select high yield, economical character good, the moderate individual plant of granule density, and cut tens of grain husk flowers of grain husk, observing the grain of rice of giving birth to; Primary election grain of rice circularity is good, transparency is good, do not have the individual plant go mouldy, early receives the tassel of primary election individual plant in good time, air-dry after; Investigate fringe base portion seed circularity and exterior quality, the dead less grain of rice of final election and little (or nothing) white individual plant of trusted subordinate;
D) will the select and remain F of individual plant
3Above segregative generation, the strain system (individual plant) that when blooming stage primary election flower, relatively lags behind earlier gathered in the crops respectively in the maturing stage; Anti-milling (time-delay the mill back head rice rate high) strain of selecting and remain again;
E) will tend towards stability from generation to generation in multiple habitat (like high temperature grouting, high nitrogen level etc.) coerce, the best in quality and stable strain of selecting and remain is target variety (being);
F) target variety (being) is next round high-quality improvement parent, and repeating step A-E combines with high yield until the high-quality food flavor.
Town's rice 624 seed selections are through as follows:
1) it be maternal selecting high-quality food flavor early maturing and high yield parent town rice 72 (offsprings that the Northeast 135/ town rice is No. 2), with have that rice perfume is of fine quality, No. 9, the military fragrant round-grained rice of stable high yield, wide adaptability characteristics No. 1, military fragrant round-grained rice (elegant water 04/ force educate round-grained rice No. 2 //) makes paternal hybrid, acquisition F
060 in seed;
2) with F
0Seed presoaking and germinating is removed assorted strain, mixes and receives capacity F
1Seed (exterior quality is good);
3) with F
2Early sowing (May 10) in good time from generation to generation, individual plant transplanting is planted the colony about 2000 strains.Heading stage select high yield, economical character good, 98 strains of the moderate individual plant of granule density; And every strain cuts tens of grain husk flowers of grain husk, observing the grain of rice of giving birth to after about 25 days, good, the not easily broken grain of primary election grain of rice circularity, do not have individual plant 53 strains of going mouldy; Tassel at 35 days results primary election individual plants; After air-dry, investigate fringe base portion kernel grouting situation, the dead less grain of rice of final election and little (or nothing) white individual plant 35 strains of trusted subordinate;
4) will the select and remain F that is created as of 35 individual plants
3Strain system, the strain system (individual plant) that when blooming stage primary election flower, relatively lags behind gathered in the crops respectively in the maturing stage; Anti-milling (after time-delay milled 5 minutes, head rice rate the was high) strain of selecting and remain, 10 strains systems totally 38 individual plants of selecting and remain at last;
5) Hainan adds generation, plants 38 strain systems, mixes respectively and receives;
6) 38 strain systems of field planting carry out greenhouse high temperature grouting simultaneously and coerce, and the strain of select and remain exterior quality and food flavor quality better is 5 totally 15 individual plants;
7) 15 strain systems of field planting, the later stage high nitrogen fertilizer identifies that the strain of select and remain exterior quality and food flavor quality better is 3 totally 8 individual plants;
8) carry out variety test of lines.PR, resistance identifies that food flavor is tasted, and last year, code name was that 6246 strain system shows as high-quality food flavor, high-yield disease resisting, tentatively titled 624.
Concrete breeding is through seeing table 1.
Table 1: breeding method seed selection of the present invention is through (is example with town rice 624)
The method of the cultivation high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind that the embodiment of the invention provides; In the low indirect selection of the correlated traits of a plurality of index of quality of segregation population from generation to generation; At the uniform velocity be in the milk characteristic and the anti-characteristic of milling of rice selected, selected indirectly that bank up the roots of seedlings grain circularity is good, starch granules is little and tight arrangement; Slow relatively pressure is to the indirect selection of low alcohol soluble protein and medium amylose during flower; The selection that helps rice food flavor quality stability is coerced in multiple habitat, and the strain of selecting and remain through this breeding method has the collaborative raising of the index of quality, the advantage that food flavor is good; At low segregation population (F from generation to generation
2-F
3) selecting on the good basis of comprehensive agronomy proterties, many on a large scale indexs are carried out quality-screening, and more favourable quality combines with yielding ability; Based on the breeding method of high-yield disease resisting, at low segregation population from generation to generation (F especially
2-3The selection pressure of the correlated traits of carrying out a plurality of index of quality from generation to generation) helps adding up and controls the main effect and the minor gene of high-quality proterties, responds to improve heredity, thereby cultivates high-quality flavour rice new varieties, has stronger popularization and using value.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. method of cultivating high-quality food flavor high-yield rice kind is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, female parent and m the many anti-parents of high yield that n the index of quality coordinated do paternal hybrid, get n * m combined hybrid kind F0;
Step 2 is planted n * m combination F0 seed respectively, and removes assorted strain, based on the strong excellent combination of selecting and remain of F1 plant advantage level and quality;
Step 3, with F2 from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting; Enlarge plantation colony, heading stage select high yield, economical character good, the moderate individual plant of granule density, and cut tens of grain husk flowers of grain husk; Observing the grain of rice of giving birth to, the individual plant that grain of rice circularity is good, transparency is good, nothing is gone mouldy of just selecting and remain is received the tassel of primary election individual plant morning in good time; Fringe base portion seed circularity and exterior quality are investigated in the air-dry back of tassel, the individual plant of the dead less grain of rice of final election and careful white belly;
Step 4, with the segregative generation more than the F3 of the individual plant of selecting and remain, receipts are mixed in the maturing stage, again through the indoor anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain by the strain system that when blooming stage primary election flower, relatively lags behind earlier;
Step 5 is coerced the generation of tending towards stability in multiple habitat, the stable strain of the performance best in quality of selecting and remain is as target variety;
Step 6 is next round high-quality improvement parent with target variety, and repeating step one to step 5 combines optimum until the high-quality food flavor of target variety with high yield.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 4, the standard of the anti-strain of milling of selecting and remain is: head rice rate is higher after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is the strain of anti-grinding; Head rice rate is lower after the strain time-delay is milled, and then this strain is not the strain of anti-grinding.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 3, from generation to generation in the in good time early sowing of growing area, individual plant transplanting should be extended to the scale of plantation colony more than 2000 strains with F2.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 5, multiple habitat was coerced and comprised the generation of tending towards stability: high temperature grouting, high nitrogen level.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103430829A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Efficient japonica rice breeding method |
| CN103430828A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method for improving high and stable yield of rice |
| CN103782898A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Method for culturing new variety of Zixiangruan rice |
| CN105104174A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for high-yield japonica rice variety with good taste |
| CN105104176A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | High-yield, stable-yield and rice-blast-resistant breeding method of rice |
| CN105104177A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for cultivating rice disease-resistant material by utilizing molecular marker |
| CN107027621A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of anti-panicle blast, high-quality, the breeding method of high yield japonica rice |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103430829A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Efficient japonica rice breeding method |
| CN103430828A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method for improving high and stable yield of rice |
| CN103430828B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method for improving high and stable yield of rice |
| CN103782898A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Method for culturing new variety of Zixiangruan rice |
| CN105104174A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for high-yield japonica rice variety with good taste |
| CN105104177A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for cultivating rice disease-resistant material by utilizing molecular marker |
| CN105104176A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | High-yield, stable-yield and rice-blast-resistant breeding method of rice |
| CN107027621A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of anti-panicle blast, high-quality, the breeding method of high yield japonica rice |
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Application publication date: 20121121 |