CN110169328A - A kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil - Google Patents
A kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110169328A CN110169328A CN201910510580.1A CN201910510580A CN110169328A CN 110169328 A CN110169328 A CN 110169328A CN 201910510580 A CN201910510580 A CN 201910510580A CN 110169328 A CN110169328 A CN 110169328A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, disclose a kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil, strong, the precocious type Potato Cultivars of selection growth drought-resistance ability early period, compact, Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid the spring maize kind that selection is made between being suitble to, the summer soybean varieties for selecting later period drought-resistance ability strong；Using potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns；Potato is sowed in trench digging of annual mid or late January, and mid-May harvests；Sowing at the beginning of spring maize 4 months, summer soybean are sowed for 20~30 days after potato harvest；The present invention uses potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns, summer soybean is planted after precocious potato harvest, it is rationally distributed, the conventional nonoculture mode that is harvested for one time each year is changed to three crops per annual interplanting Intercropping model, water, light, thermal resource utilization efficiency are increased, income is also increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil.
Background technique
Red soil is the important soil type of south China, and wherein Upland Red Soil is the chief component of khoai.South
Khoai be the torrid zone, subtropical climate, frost-free period is long, and water, light, thermal resource are abundant, superior natural conditions, and productive potentialities are huge
It greatly, is the important grain in China, oil, cotton and Production of fruit base.
However, long-term strong leaching and weathering cause red soil natural fertility low, in addition long-term unreasonable exploitation benefit
With accelerating impoverishment and the nutrient loss of soil fertility, keep barren degree more serious, productive potentialities cannot get due hair
It waves and excavates.How to make full use of the good sunlight-heat reaources of Upland Red Soil, improve the yield and economy of Upland Red Soil unit area
The problem of benefit finally realizes high-quality, highly efficient and productive dry farming, is Upland Red Soil planting system urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
Based on problem above, the present invention provides a kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil, using Ma Ling
Potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns plants summer soybean after precocious potato harvest, rationally distributed, will be conventional
The nonoculture mode that is harvested for one time each year be changed to three crops per annual, increase water, light, thermal resource utilization efficiency, also increase income.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil,
Strong, the precocious type Potato Cultivars of selection growth drought-resistance ability early period, compact, Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid the spring maize product that selection is made between being suitble to
Kind, the summer soybean varieties for selecting later period drought-resistance ability strong；Using potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns；Ma Ling
Potato is sowed in trench digging of annual mid or late January, and mid-May harvests；Sowing at the beginning of spring maize 4 months, late July harvest；Summer soybean is in horse
It sows within 20~30 days after bell potato harvest, early October harvest；
Wherein, bandwidth 240cm, line-spacing is 60cm, spacing in the rows 25cm between potato and potato；Potato and spring maize
Line-spacing is 70cm, and two row spring maizes are planted between two row potatos；Line-spacing is 60cm between spring maize and summer soybean, is planted between two row spring maizes
Three row summer soybeans, the equal 40cm of line-spacing between spring maize and spring maize, summer soybean and summer soybean, spring maize spacing in the rows 14cm, summer soybean strain
Away from 10cm.
Further, the potato amount of sowing is 900~1200kghm in step S3-2, after seed potato stripping and slicing, sow
It is soaked seed one hour with carbendazim dilution before；3800~4000 plants/acre of spring maize density, summer soybean density 8000~10000
Plant/acre.
Further, basal dressing before potato planting, base manure N:P2O5: K2The compound fertilizer of O=15:15:15, amount of application
For 700~800kghm-2, with applying rape cake 1500kghm-2。
Further, spring maize base manure applies N:P2O5: K2The compound fertilizer 600kghm of O=15:15:15-2, with applying rape cake
1500~3000kghm-2；Spring maize seedling stage imposes urea 150kghm-2, ear manuer applies high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 600kghm-2。
Further, summer soybean base manure, which is matched, applies N:P2O5: K2The compound fertilizer 300kghm of O=15:15:15-2, top dressing is first
Urea 90kghm is applied after spending-2。
Further, Potato Cultivars are rural area spring, Dongnong303, one of middle potato 5 or a variety of；Spring maize is grand
Flat 206, one of Su Yu 29, Zheng Dan 1002, Zheng Dan 958, honest jade 8 or a variety of；Summer soybean varieties are southern agriculture 99-6, China
One of No. 3, Jiangxi beans 5 or a variety of.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is big using the potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer
Beans planting patterns plants summer soybean after precocious potato harvest, rationally distributed, and the conventional nonoculture mode that is harvested for one time each year is changed
For three crops per annual interplanting Intercropping model, water, light, thermal resource utilization efficiency are increased, income is also increased.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is made
Further to be described in detail, exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not intended as to this
The restriction of invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil, strong, the precocious type horse of selection growth drought-resistance ability early period
Bell potato kind, compact, Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid the spring maize kind that selection is made between being suitble to, the summer soybean product for selecting later period drought-resistance ability strong
Kind；Using potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns；Potato is sowed in trench digging of annual mid or late January, May
The middle ten days harvest；Sowing at the beginning of spring maize 4 months, late July harvest；Summer soybean is sowed for 20~30 days after potato harvest, on October
Ten days harvests；
Wherein, bandwidth 240cm, line-spacing is 60cm, spacing in the rows 25cm between potato and potato；Potato and spring maize
Line-spacing is 70cm, and two row spring maizes are planted between two row potatos；Line-spacing is 60cm between spring maize and summer soybean, is planted between two row spring maizes
Three row summer soybeans, the equal 40cm of line-spacing between spring maize and spring maize, summer soybean and summer soybean, spring maize spacing in the rows 14cm, summer soybean strain
Away from 10cm.
In the present embodiment, precocious type potato and spring maize " 2-2 " Intercropping model are selected, that is, plants two row potatos, is planted
Two row spring maizes, specific implantation methods are as follows: mid or late January trench digging kind potato, potato are planted using width row interval, spacing in the rows
25cm, the narrow row 60cm of potato, wide row 180cm；It is beautiful that the spring that two distances between rows and hills are 14cm is planted between potato wide row at the beginning of 4 months
Rice, line space 40cm between two row spring maizes, line-spacing is 70cm between spring maize and adjoining potato, at this time spring maize
Narrow row is 40cm, and spring maize wide row is 200cm, and after spring maize strong sprout, potato closes on harvest, keeps Crop leaf area index empty
Between arrange in pairs or groups it is more reasonable, reduce long-stalked crops on short-stalked crop shade influence；After mid-May harvests potato, using spring maize
With summer soybean " 2-3 " Intercropping model, i.e., the summer soybean that three distances between rows and hills are 10cm is sowed between spring maize wide row in mid-June,
Line-spacing between summer soybean is 40cm, and line-spacing is 60mm between summer soybean and neighbouring spring maize.Spring maize is received in late July
It obtains, summer soybean is harvested in early October.The present invention uses potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns, in precocity
Summer soybean is planted after potato harvest, keeps the crop-planting time of Various Seasonal upper more compact, and space layout is reasonable, by routine
It is harvested for one time each year nonoculture mode and is changed to three crops per annual interplanting Intercropping model, increase water, light, thermal resource utilization efficiency, improve unit
Area output increases land area of one unit output, also increases income.
In the present embodiment, Potato Cultivars are rural area spring, Dongnong303, one of middle potato 5 or a variety of, these Ma Ling
Potato is precocious type, and breeding time 60 days, drought tolerance was strong, meets cropping pattern needs of the invention.Spring maize is grand flat 206, Soviet Union
One of jade 29, Zheng Dan 1002, Zheng Dan 958, honest jade 8 are a variety of, and above-mentioned corn variety is the height of suitable Upland Red Soil
Produce spring maize kind.Summer soybean varieties are one of southern agriculture 99-6, China 3, Jiangxi beans 5 or a variety of, above-mentioned soybean varieties
Average 113 days breeding times, belong to summer soybean late variety, field resistance is stronger, and drought tolerance is good.
Embodiment 2:
S1, cropping pattern are potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns；
S2, strong, the precocious type Potato Cultivars of selection growth drought-resistance ability early period, selection are made compact, half compact between being suitble to
The spring maize kind of type, the summer soybean varieties for selecting later period drought-resistance ability strong；
S3, potato are sowed in trench digging of annual mid or late January, and mid-May harvests；Sowing, late July at the beginning of spring maize 4 months
Harvest；Summer soybean is sowed for 20~30 days after potato harvest, early October harvest；Plant process are as follows:
1) mid or late January ditches, basal dressing before potato planting, base manure N:P2O5: K2O=15:15:15's is compound
Fertilizer, amount of application are 700~800kghm-2, with applying rape cake 1500kghm-2。
2) it after seed potato stripping and slicing, is soaked seed one hour before sowing with carbendazim dilution；Potato uses wide-and narrow-row
Interval plantation, spacing in the rows 25cm, the narrow row 60cm of potato, wide row 180cm, the amount of sowing are 900~1200kghm-2；
3) N:P is applied before spring maize plantation2O5: K2The compound fertilizer 600kghm of O=15:15:15-2As base manure, and it is appropriate
With applying 1500~3000kghm of rape cake-2As organic fertilizer；Planting two distances between rows and hills between potato wide row at the beginning of 4 months is 14cm
Spring maize, line space 40cm between two row spring maizes, line-spacing is 70cm between spring maize and adjoining potato；Spring at this time
The narrow row of corn be 40cm, spring maize wide row be 200cm, 3800~4000 plants/acre of spring maize density；
4) after harvest mid-May potato, with applying N:P2O5: K2300 kghm of compound fertilizer of O=15:15:15-2, as
The base manure of summer soybean；Using spring maize and summer soybean " 2-3 " Intercropping model, i.e., sowed between spring maize wide row in mid-June
Three distances between rows and hills are the summer soybean of 10cm, and the line-spacing between summer soybean is 40cm, and line-spacing is between summer soybean and neighbouring spring maize
60mm, 8000~10000 plants/acre of summer soybean density.
In the present embodiment, spring maize seedling stage imposes urea 150kghm-2, ear manuer applies 600 kghm of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer-2；
Summer soybean imposes urea 90kghm after just spending-2, guarantee that the fertilizer of plant breeding time needs.
By above-mentioned potato/spring maize/summer soybean plantation step, 2018 in Jiangxi Province Jinxian County red soil institute red soil drought
Ground is tested, respectively at the potato of harvest mid-May, the summer of the spring maize of late July harvest and the first tenday period of a month in October harvest
Yield when soybean yields and sole maize is as shown in table 1:
Table 1: the rate schedule under different land use patterns
As can be seen from the data in table 1, compared with peasant household's routine nonoculture, the light warm water level of resources utilization is increased, is also increased
Income, can increase income about 10%~15%.
It as above is the embodiment of the present invention.Design parameter in above-described embodiment and embodiment is merely to understand table
Invention verification process is stated, the scope of patent protection being not intended to limit the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention is still with it
It is all to change with equivalent structure made by description of the invention subject to claims, it similarly should be included in this
In the protection scope of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil, which is characterized in that selection growth drought-resistance ability early period is strong,
Precocious type Potato Cultivars, compact, Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid the spring maize kind made between selection is suitble to select later period drought-resistance ability strong
Summer soybean varieties；Using potato relayed spring corn interplanting summer soybean planting patterns；Potato is under annual mid or late January ditches
Kind, mid-May harvests；Sowing at the beginning of spring maize 4 months, late July harvest；Summer soybean is sowed for 20~30 days after potato harvest,
Early October harvest；
Wherein, bandwidth 240cm, line-spacing is 60cm, spacing in the rows 25cm between potato and potato；Potato and spring maize line-spacing
For 70cm, two row spring maizes are planted between two row potatos；Line-spacing is 60cm between spring maize and summer soybean, plants three rows between two row spring maizes
The equal 40cm of line-spacing between summer soybean, spring maize and spring maize, summer soybean and summer soybean, spring maize spacing in the rows 14cm, summer soybean spacing in the rows
10cm。
2. the increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: under potato
Kind amount is 900~1200kghm-2, after seed potato stripping and slicing, soaked seed one hour before sowing with carbendazim dilution；Spring is beautiful
3800~4000 plants/acre of meter Mi Du, 8000~10000 plants/acre of summer soybean density.
3. the increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: under potato
N:P is applied before kind2O5: K2As base manure, amount of application is 700~800kghm for the compound fertilizer of O=15:15:15-2, with applying rape cake
1500kg·hm-2。
4. the increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: spring maize base
Fertilizer applies N:P2O5: K2The compound fertilizer 600kghm of O=15:15:15-2, with applying 1500~3000kghm of rape cake-2；Spring maize
Seedling stage imposes urea 150kghm-2, ear manuer applies high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 600kghm-2。
5. the increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: summer soybean base
Fertilizer applies N:P2O5: K2The compound fertilizer 300kghm of O=15:15:15-2, top dressing is to apply urea 90kghm after just spending-2。
6. the increasing both production and income type implantation methods of suitable Upland Red Soil described in any one, feature exist according to claim 1~5
In: Potato Cultivars be rural area spring, Dongnong303, one of middle potato 5 or a variety of；The spring maize is grand flat 206,
One of Su Yu 29, Zheng Dan 1002, Zheng Dan 958, honest jade 8 are a variety of；Summer soybean varieties are southern agriculture 99-6, China 3, Jiangxi
One of beans 5 or a variety of.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114391444A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-26 | 李存玲 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method |
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| CN102224788A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-26 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Method for intercropping peanuts and cassava in hilly red soil dry land |
| CN107018786A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of corn and soybean and the no-tillage implantation methods of potato intercrop |
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2019
- 2019-06-13 CN CN201910510580.1A patent/CN110169328A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102224788A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-26 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Method for intercropping peanuts and cassava in hilly red soil dry land |
| CN107018786A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of corn and soybean and the no-tillage implantation methods of potato intercrop |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 王兰: "红壤旱地以玉米和大豆为主体的多熟种植模式优化研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114391444A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-26 | 李存玲 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method |
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Application publication date: 20190827 |