CN111567397A - High-quality long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 and breeding method - Google Patents
High-quality long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567397A CN111567397A CN202010428486.4A CN202010428486A CN111567397A CN 111567397 A CN111567397 A CN 111567397A CN 202010428486 A CN202010428486 A CN 202010428486A CN 111567397 A CN111567397 A CN 111567397A
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- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330975 Magnaporthe oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000574138 Ozothamnus diosmifolius Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005652 acute fatty liver of pregnancy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007894 restriction fragment length polymorphism technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-quality long grain odor type japonica rice Wujing 9075 and a breeding method thereof.A purposefully constructed intermediate material is selected as a parent, wherein a female parent is selected from long grain odor type Suyunuo, a male parent is selected from Ningjing No. 3, and a plurality of male parents are respectively hybridized with the female parent in pairs, and high-yield cells and single plants are selected through low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening and high-generation selection until the high-quality long grain odor type japonica rice Wujing 9075 is bred. The invention utilizes the intermediate material to improve the appearance quality of the variety, is innovatively developed on the basis of the existing rice variety, purposefully utilizes the long-grain type intermediate material as a bridge, and quickly and accurately breeds a new variety with high quality and long grain flavor; meanwhile, Wujing 9075 has better genetic characteristic and is an excellent intermediate material, and a new long-grain flavor type strain with excellent appearance and taste can be bred by utilizing the hybridization of the parent and Wujing 15 and other approved high-yield and high-quality varieties and continuous purposeful high-pressure selection of offspring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant variety breeding, in particular to a high-quality long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 and a breeding method.
Background
The population taking rice as staple food accounts for about one half of the world, and the proportion is higher in Asian regions with the most concentrated population, and the annual output of rice in China accounts for about 37 percent of the annual output of rice in the world and is the top of the world. In recent years, the rice export of China has already slipped down in the international market, and the grain problem is always the first major thing related to the people's county of China. Rice yield is a complex quantitative trait that is commonly controlled by multiple gene and environmental interactions. The rice yield forms three factors, including effective tillering number, grain number per ear and thousand kernel weight, and the grain properties such as grain length, grain width, aspect ratio and the like which determine the grain weight of the rice also influence the appearance quality, processing quality and cooking taste quality of grains. Thousand kernel weight is determined by grain length, grain width and grain thickness, which are quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. To date, researchers have located Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) that control grain weight and grain shape using molecular markers such as RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, and the like. Among them, GS3 is the first major gene cloned to control rice grain length and grain weight. Therefore, how to apply the long-grain gene that has been researched by researchers to actual breeding is also a direction that we need to implement.
With the continuous improvement of living standard, people are no longer full but tend to eat better, the northeast China rice with rice flower fragrance is not in short supply at home, particularly, the real rice with rice flower fragrance is difficult to buy in Heilongjiang province, the cultivation of new high-quality long-grain nutritional rice varieties meets the requirement of continuous improvement of living quality of people, the consumption level of modern nations is rapidly transferred from quantity type to quality type, especially in recent years, the consumption level is more and more rapid, the living quality is required, and the health and longevity become the consensus of the public.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Wujing rice 9075 with high-quality long-grain flavor and a breeding method, and aims to provide a breeding method of a high-quality long-grain flavor rice variety, which utilizes long-grain intermediate materials researched by researchers to be applied to practical breeding varieties.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a breeding method of high-quality long-grain aromatic japonica rice Wujing 9075 comprises the following steps;
selecting purposefully constructed intermediate materials as parents, wherein the female parent selects long-grain fragrance type Suyunuo, the male parent selects Ningjing No. 3, and a plurality of male parents are hybridized with the female parent in pairs respectively and marked as hybrid seeds;
step two, planting a plurality of groups of hybrid seeds, directionally selecting paddy rice with the characteristics of combination of Suyunuo and Ningjing No. 3 according to the complementary degree of parents, and selecting high-quality long-grain fragrance type individuals as generation seeds;
step three, low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening, namely screening flavor individuals with the rice length-width ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and chalkiness degree of less than or equal to 4.0 after planting and heading;
and step four, selecting high-yield cells and single plants in high generation, breeding fragrant individuals with the rice aspect ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and chalkiness of less than or equal to 4.0, and marking as long-grain fragrant japonica rice Wujing 9075.
Further in the third step, sowing generation seeds at proper time, transplanting single plants, expanding planting population, carrying out inoculation identification of bacterial leaf blight and rice blast, selecting long-grained individuals in the field by naked eyes after heading, selecting individuals with the length-width ratio of rice more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and the chalkiness degree less than or equal to 4.0 indoors, and keeping fragrant individuals after chewing.
Further in the fourth step, single spike planting is carried out according to the seeds formed in the third step, a strain garden is established according to pedigree, the maturity is carried out, high yield comparison among cells is carried out firstly, single plants with good comprehensive properties and long grain types are selected for indoor seed test, the length-width ratio of the rice is greater than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0, the degree of chalkiness is less than or equal to 4.0, flavor individuals are retained through chewing, and continuous generational selection is carried out until stable long grain flavor japonica rice Wujing 9075 is obtained.
Furthermore, in the stage of jointing and booting, the inoculated rice blast fungus liquid is prepared by mixing a plurality of strains which are identified as representative by near isogenic monogenic lines and are prepared by plant protection of agricultural academy of Jiangsu province.
Further, the inter-cell high yield comparison method specifically comprises the steps of comparing the single plants in each plant line cell, selecting the cells with sufficient spike number and heavy single spike; and selecting the selected cells with neat spike layers, no big or small spikes and long grain types.
A high-quality long-grain fragrant japonica rice Wujing 9075 is characterized in that purposefully constructed intermediate materials are selected as parents, including Suyunuo as a female parent and Ning japonica No. 3 as a male parent, a plurality of male parents are respectively hybridized with the female parent in pairs, high-yield cells and single-plant individuals are selected through low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening and high-generation selection, and fragrant individuals with the paddy length-width ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and the chalkiness of less than or equal to 4.0 are bred and marked as long-grain fragrant japonica rice Wujing 9075.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the appearance quality of the variety is improved by using the intermediate material, the innovation and development are carried out on the basis of the existing variety, the long-grain type intermediate material is purposefully used as a bridge, and various means are applied to quickly and accurately breed a new variety with high quality and long-grain fragrance;
wujing 9075 has better hereditary property and is an excellent intermediate material, and by utilizing the hybridization of the parent and Wujing 15 and other approved high-yield and high-quality varieties, offspring can be selected continuously and purposefully under high pressure, and a long-grain flavor type new strain with excellent appearance and taste can be bred.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a breeding method of high-quality long-grain aromatic japonica rice Wujing 9075 in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a breeding method of the high-quality long grain flavor japonica rice Wujing 9075, which comprises the following steps;
selecting purposefully constructed intermediate materials as parents, wherein the female parent is long-grain fragrance type Suyunuo, the male parent is Ningjing No. 3, and a plurality of male parents are hybridized with the female parent in pairs respectively and marked as hybrid seeds.
And step two, planting a plurality of groups of hybrid seeds, directionally selecting rice with the characteristics of combination Suyunuo and Ningjing No. 3 according to the complementary degree of the parents, and selecting high-quality long-grain fragrance type individuals as generation seeds.
And step three, low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening, timely sowing generation seeds, transplanting single plants, expanding planting groups, carrying out inoculation identification on bacterial blight and rice blast, selecting long-grained individuals in the field by naked eyes after heading, selecting individuals with the length-width ratio of rice more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and the chalkiness degree less than or equal to 4.0 indoors, and keeping the fragrant individuals after chewing.
And step four, selecting high-yield cells and single plant individuals in high generations, performing single spike planting according to seeds formed in the step three, establishing a strain garden according to a pedigree, performing high yield comparison among the cells in a mature period, selecting single plants with good comprehensive properties and long grain types for indoor seed test, selecting the single plants with the length-width ratio of the rice larger than or equal to 2.2 and smaller than 3.0 and the chalkiness smaller than or equal to 4.0, keeping the fragrance type individuals through chewing, and continuously performing generation selection until the stable long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 is obtained.
The invention relates to a high-quality long grain odor type japonica rice Wujing 9075, which selects purposefully constructed intermediate materials as parents, comprises Suyunuo as a female parent and Ningjing No. 3 as a male parent, wherein a plurality of male parents are hybridized with the female parent in pairs respectively, and high-yield cells and single plants are selected through low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening and high-generation selection until the high-quality long grain odor type japonica rice Wujing 9075 is bred.
The embodiment of the invention shows an implementation flow of a breeding method of a high-quality long grain fragrance type japonica rice variety Wujing 9075, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, in the positive season of 2008, a farmyard variety of Suyunuo is used as a female parent, and a high-yield and high-quality disease-resistant variety Ningjing No. 3 is used as a male parent for hybridization to obtain a hybrid F0.
S2, planting 12F 1 plants in spring 2009 from south China and the added generations, and mixing.
And S3, in the positive season of 2009, timely sowing the F1 generation in a planting area, planting single plants, expanding the planting population to at least 5000 plants, and selecting and mixing the inoculated rice blast bacterium liquid with a plurality of strains which are identified as representatives by near isogenic single-gene systems and prepared by the plant protection institute of Jiangsu academy of agricultural science in the jointing and booting period.
In the maturation period, selecting the single spike with no disease or light disease, after inoculation, eliminating the individuals without rice blast and with short grain type, reducing the selection pressure, selecting the single spike with long grain type and indoor seed test, strictly screening the single spike with length-width ratio greater than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0, and further selecting the individuals with fragrance by combining with chalkiness degree smaller than or equal to 4.0, and keeping F258 single strains with high quality, good comprehensive resistance, long grain type and fragrance.
S4, in the first season of 2010, forming 58 panicle rows by the additional generation of south propagation, establishing a panicle row garden according to a pedigree, and planting 42 plants in each panicle row, wherein the number of the 6 plants is multiplied by 7.
In the mature period, the high yield comparison among cells is firstly carried out, in the cells with high yield, single plants with good comprehensive properties and long grain types are selected for indoor seed test, individuals with the length-width ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and chalkiness of less than or equal to 4.0 are selected and kept, and F326 single plants with fragrance are kept.
S5, planting 26F 4 panicle-row gardens in the 2010 season, and comparing the communities: and comparing the cells of each strain with each other, wherein the number of ears is sufficient, the weight of each ear is heavier, and the cells with different weight are selected. In the preferable cells, the uniformity is good compared with the small cells, the ear layers are uniform, the ears are not large or small, the grain types are longer, 6 cells with the fragrance of the rice are selected, 5 target individuals are further selected in each selected cell, and 30 individual plants F4 are obtained.
S6, in 2011, Hainan generation adding, forming a strain garden by single ear rows, selecting and reserving 3 cells by the same method, and selecting and reserving 3 single strains F5 by combining indoor seed test.
S7, 3 strains are planted in the middle season of 2011, wherein the cell of the No. 2 strain meets the breeding target, the grain type is longer, 5 single strains are selected for indoor seed test, the length-width ratio is kept to be 2.2, the chalkiness degree is lower, the rice quality appearance is better, and 2 single strains with stronger fragrance F6 are obtained.
S8, 2 single plants F7 reserved in the season of the plus generation in Hainan in 2012 are numbered 9074 and 9075 for south propagation and seed expansion.
S9, in the season of 2012, two new product lines with the numbers of 9074 and 9075 are subjected to large-area demonstration planting at two test points of Wuyi and salt cities, wherein the grain type of 9075 is longest, the comprehensive resistance is excellent, the rice quality reaches the national standard of high-quality rice, the yield is good, and the average yield per mu is 720 kilograms.
The breeding method of the high-quality long grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 is mainly characterized in that on the basis of scientific research on high-quality and high-yield plant types of japonica rice, the excellent ventilation and light transmission characteristics in the later period of a high-quality and high-yield variety group are kept, innovation and development are realized on the premise that the whole polished rice rate is not reduced, grain length is properly increased, the appearance quality of rice is improved, the cooking taste quality is optimal, on the basis that low-generation separation groups F2 and F3 select good comprehensive agronomic characters, through field rice blast inoculation, continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening is carried out, through indoor seed test, large-range multi-index quality screening is carried out, and the combination of quality and high yield is facilitated; on the basis of resistance identification and screening of advanced generation groups F4-F7, the inter-cell optimization is carried out, the joint improvement of yield, quality and resistance is realized, and a new rice variety with high quality and long grain fragrance is bred, so that the method has good popularization and application prospects.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A breeding method of high-quality long-grain aromatic japonica rice Wujing 9075 is characterized by comprising the following steps;
selecting purposefully constructed intermediate materials as parents, wherein the female parent selects long-grain fragrance type Suyunuo, the male parent selects Ningjing No. 3, and a plurality of male parents are hybridized with the female parent in pairs respectively and marked as hybrid seeds;
step two, planting a plurality of groups of hybrid seeds, directionally selecting paddy rice with the characteristics of combination of Suyunuo and Ningjing No. 3 according to the complementary degree of parents, and selecting high-quality long-grain fragrance type individuals as generation seeds;
step three, low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening, namely screening flavor individuals with the rice length-width ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and chalkiness degree of less than or equal to 4.0 after planting and heading;
and step four, selecting high-yield cells and single plants in high generation, breeding fragrant individuals with the rice aspect ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and chalkiness of less than or equal to 4.0, and marking as long-grain fragrant japonica rice Wujing 9075.
2. The breeding method of japonica rice wujing 9075 according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, sowing generation seeds at proper time, transplanting single plants, expanding planting population, carrying out inoculation identification of bacterial leaf blight and rice blast, selecting long-grained individuals outdoors after heading, selecting individuals with the length-width ratio of rice more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and the chalkiness degree less than or equal to 4.0 indoors, and keeping fragrant individuals after chewing.
3. The breeding method of japonica rice wujing 9075 according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, single spike planting is carried out according to the seeds formed in the third step, a strain garden is established according to pedigrees, the maturity period is first carried out, high yield comparison among cells is carried out, single plants with good comprehensive properties and long grain types are selected and then indoor seed testing is carried out, the length-width ratio of the paddy is greater than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0, the chalky hundred degree is less than or equal to 4.0, flavor individuals are retained through chewing, and generation selection is continuously carried out until stable long grain flavor japonica rice Wujing 9075 is obtained.
4. The breeding method of japonica rice wujing 9075 according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the stage of jointing and booting, the inoculated rice blast fungus liquid is prepared by mixing a plurality of strains which are identified by near isogenic monogenic lines and are representative, wherein the strains are prepared by plant protection of agricultural academy of Jiangsu province.
5. The breeding method of japonica rice wujing 9075 according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method for comparing the high yield among the cells comprises the steps of comparing the single plants of each strain cell, selecting the cells with sufficient spike number and heavy single spike; and further selecting a cell with neat spike layers, no big or small spikes and long grain types from the selected cells.
6. A high-quality long-grain fragrance type japonica rice Wujing 9075 is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of taking Suyunuo as a female parent and taking Ningjing No. 3 as a male parent, taking a plurality of male parents, respectively hybridizing the male parents with the female parent in pairs, and breeding fragrant individuals with the paddy length-width ratio of more than or equal to 2.2 and less than 3.0 and the chalkiness of less than or equal to 4.0 through low-generation continuous high-strength disease-resistant screening and high-generation selection of high-yield cells and single plant individuals, wherein the fragrant individuals are marked as long-grain fragrant japonica rice Wujing 9075.
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