CN103875524B - A kind of breeding method of high setting percentage Oryza sativa L. - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of high setting percentage Oryza sativa L. Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875524B CN103875524B CN201410108657.XA CN201410108657A CN103875524B CN 103875524 B CN103875524 B CN 103875524B CN 201410108657 A CN201410108657 A CN 201410108657A CN 103875524 B CN103875524 B CN 103875524B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of Oryza sativa L., belong to field of plant variety breeding technology.The present invention provides the breeding method of a kind of high setting percentage Oryza sativa L., carry out single cross by selected parent or reply friendship, different ecological shuttles back and forth selection-breeding, solve the deficiency that in existing production, Seed-setting Rate of Varieties is the highest, unstable, thus cultivate the characteristic both with high-quality, high yield, multi-resistance, the most high temperature resistant, the new rice variety of low temperature, preferably meets the demand that current agricultural produces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of crops, the breeding method of a kind of Oryza sativa L., belong to plant breeding
Technical field.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. Climatic regionalization generally refers to Oryza sativa L. at heading flowering period in bud, i.e. before and after heading each 10 days be to temperature
In most sensitive period, optimum temperature is 25--30 DEG C, per day be higher than more than 30 DEG C, will produce less than less than 18 DEG C unfavorable
Impact, in production generally with mean daily temperature higher than 30 DEG C, max. daily temperature higher than 35 DEG C for the harmful index of heading flowering period heat.Pregnant
Continuous high temperature more than the fringe phase such as 35 DEG C, Rice Floral Organ hypoplasia.Pollen development is bad, and vigor declines, and impact is become civilized scattered
Powder and pollen tube growth, cause to pollinate and forming ghost grain.
Increasing due to industrialization degree aggravation and mankind's activity in recent years, the impact of greenhouse effect, weather gradual warms up
Trend, extreme weather happens occasionally, and Climatic regionalization occurrence frequency strengthens；Extreme low temperature weather it is rarely encountered in production,
But owing to some direct sowing rice field mistake has selected kind, broadcast again too late, exceeded safe full heading date, time have indivedual field underproduction to have no harvest
Report, the attention in research and production should be caused.Therefore, selection-breeding high-quality, high yield and comprehensive resistance setting percentage Oryza sativa L. strong, high is new
Kind, can reduce the extreme weather impact on agricultural production, it is ensured that Stabilizing Grain Output increases production, and meaning is the most great.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the defect existed for prior art, it is provided that the breeding method of a kind of high setting percentage Oryza sativa L.,
Thus cultivate the characteristic both with high-quality, high yield, multi-resistance, and the most high temperature resistant, the new rice variety of low temperature, preferably meet and work as
The demand of front agricultural production.
Applicant, through repetition test for many years, finds, following breeding method in many hybridization schemes and selection
Goal of the invention can well be reached to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention relates to the breeding side of a kind of high setting percentage Oryza sativa L.
Method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, select japonica rice variety Oryza sativa L. be maternal and high temperature resistant kind Oryza sativa L. be that male parent hybridizes, it is thus achieved that hybridize
Seed F0；
Step 2, by F0 seed in mid or late November to early December south sow, survival after transplant, eliminate setting percentage low
In the combination of 80%, roguing, gather in the crops to obtain F1；
Step 3, each F1 seed being weighed 78-82 gram, direct-sowing dry or water direct seeding 3 square metres in booth, August is to JIUYUE
During the first tenday period of a month, controlling temperature 35-40 DEG C, be aerated cooling during more than 40 DEG C, time ripe, the setting percentage rice higher than 85% is received in choosing
Fringe, obtains F2 seed；
Step 4, by F2 seed in mid or late November to early December south sow, direct-sowing dry or water direct seeding 6 squares
Rice, the spike of rice selecting setting percentage to be higher than 85% time ripe, gather in the crops to obtain F3 seed；
Step 5, F3 seed is weighed 80 grams, the first tenday period of a month in May seed sprouting and cultivating, survival after transplant, time ripe, choosing is received disease-free, single
Strain spike number is longer than 16 centimetres more than 10 fringes and neat, fringe shape, stem grain number per spike more than 200, mass of 1000 kernel is more than 26 grams, setting percentage
Higher than 95%, full seed, grouting individual plant fast and unanimous between the higher and lower levels be F4；
Step 6, by F4 seed in mid or late November to early December south sow, survival after transplant, screen stalk green grass or young crops seed
Individual plant yellow, disease-free, that setting percentage is higher than 85% is F5；
Step 7, F5 strain accelerating germination being sowed, survival after transplant in booth, choosing receives that stalk green grass or young crops seed is yellow, colony's spike number is many, stem
Grain number per spike more than 200, mass of 1000 kernel more than 26 grams, plant height 95 cm, setting percentage higher than 90%, anti-stripe virus disease, anti-white
Strain F6 of leaf blight, obtains high setting percentage rice new strain.
In above method, described female parent is town rice 681, and male parent is IRAT118.
Filial generation colony screens through the live high temperature of booth, and (Lingshui, Hainan is typically in March then to arrive the live low temperature in Hainan
Within about 1 day, have continuous three days mean daily temperatures less than 21 DEG C, affect pollen development) screening.
In the breeding method of the present invention, selected parent carries out single cross or replys friendship, it is thus achieved that hybrid seed, by cenospecies band sea
South (on the one hand can add generation；On the one hand different ecological shuttle breeding is realized) early sowing in good time, survival after transplant, eliminate setting percentage low
Combination, weighs 80 grams by F1, and in booth, drought (water) is live, selects the combination that setting percentage is high after high-temperature process；Band Hainan is fitted again
Time early sowing, through natural low temperature process after select the combination that setting percentage is high；The most in different environments through systematic breeding, nothing is received in choosing
Disease, single-strain tassel number are many, fringe shape big and neat and full seed, and be in the milk individual plant fast and unanimous between the higher and lower levels, that setting percentage is high；From certainly
Handed over for 5 generations started artificial infection idenfication bacterial leaf-blight and stripe disease screening；Start boot stage in generation with mixing raw from selfing 6
Reason microspecies inoculation panicle blast, in conjunction with the most anti-rice blast of whole process, carries out the qualification of blast resisting, screening, in combination with the ripe phase, outward
Sight, Cooking Quality and comprehensive resistance, the material that elected Comprehensive Traits is good, just for be bred as, there is high-quality, high yield, high setting percentage water
Rice new lines (is planted).
In described step 7, colony's spike number refers to that average every cave spike number is no less than 10 fringes more, and anti-stripe virus disease is finger
The sickness rate of literary composition leaf blight is less than 5%, and bacterial blight-resisting refers to that clip falls ill downwards length less than 3 centimetres.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. quality better, food flavor is good, and market prospect is good
By the strict screening of above several steps, the rice new strain strong by selecting high-quality, high yield and comprehensive resistance
(kind), its quality better, food flavor is good, can meet the market demand to rice.
2. comprehensive resistance is strong, and yield stability is good
By starting artificial infection idenfication bacterial leaf-blight and stripe disease screening from F4 generation；From selfing 5 replace-conceive fringe
Phase starts, with mixing biological strain inoculation panicle blast, in conjunction with the most anti-rice blast of whole process, to carry out the qualification of blast resisting, screening；Produce
Amount combines ripe phase, outward appearance, Cooking Quality when identifying, elected rice material comprehensive resistance is strong, and yield stability is good.
3. be conducive to resisting extreme weather, Ensuring Food Safety
By experimental exploration for many years, select new rice variety, be both resistant to certain high temperature, can resist again certain low
Temperature, thus reach good year volume increase, the famine year little underproduction, ensure our grain security.
By screening for many years, the material mass of 1000 kernel of incubation more than 26 grams, Comprehensive Traits is good, and Self-regulation ability is strong, rich
Product yield stability is good, easily cultivates.
By selecting Seedling low body to be good for, leaf is tall and straight, and leaf color is moderate, and tillering ability is strong, and plant type is compact, proper height, and sword-like leave is shorter,
Tall and straight, light attitude is good, and functional period is long, grows delicate and pretty, and later stage annesl is along tune, the material of ripe lover, the rice new strain of incubation
Inevitable plant type is good, ripe lover.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
The present embodiment selects self-fertile high-quality, high yield, Keng rice lines (kind) town rice 681(that disease resistance is strong to have another name called in Jurong
Town rice No. 18, the rice varieties that Zhenjiang, the Hilly area of Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences is bred as, mass selling in the market, or from hills, Jiangsu
Zhenjiang institute of agricultural sciences Oryza sativa L. room, area is quoted) make female parent, and International Rice institute of IRAT118(Singapore resource, high temperature resistant) hybridization, then
Backcross with town rice 681；Second Year plants 336 strains in Jurong, and the spike of rice that Comprehensive Traits is good is received in choosing, mixes and arrives Hainan after taking off the most directly
Broadcast；3rd year live at booth, selects and Resistance Identification by 4 generations, and the plant type of incubation is compact, it is delicate and pretty to grow, yielding ability good, anti-
Falling property is strong, (yield is than current main breed volume increase about 5%, general setting percentage more than 90%, the withered morbidity of rice stripe leaf for quality better
Rate is below 5%, and bacterial leaf-blight is 3 grades, and ear stem pestilence is 2 grades, and quality reaches GB more than 3 grades) new lines-town 4668.Concrete
Breeding Process is as follows:
Interval sowing comparative test result:
Through planting experimentally, the yield forming of town 4668 per mu yield 600 650Kg: general every mu of 18-22 ten thousand fringe, every total grain panicle
Number 130-135, setting percentage more than 90% (Optimum Sowing time setting percentage is more than 96%), mass of 1000 kernel more than 26 grams.High-yield culturing should be striven
Foot fringe, attacks big fringe, protects grain weight.I.e. strengthen seedling, rational close planting by the many tillers of cultivation, promote to reach Seedling an early morning and also put field in time, improve group
Voxel matter, accomplishes fluently high yield basis, on the basis of guaranteeing suitable spike number, promotees the strong big fringe of stalk, thus reaches that fringe foot, fringe be big, grain weight
The purpose striven for high yield.
In addition to above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employing equivalents or equivalent transformation are formed
Technical scheme, all fall within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (4)
1. a breeding method for high setting percentage Oryza sativa L., comprises the following steps:
Step one, select japonica rice variety Oryza sativa L. be maternal and high temperature resistant kind Oryza sativa L. be that male parent hybridizes, it is thus achieved that hybrid seed
F0, described female parent is town rice 681, and male parent is IRAT118；
Step 2, by F0 seed in mid or late November to early December Hainan sow, survival after transplant, roguing, gather in the crops to obtain F1；
Step 3, F1 seed is weighed 78-82 gram, direct-sowing dry or water direct seeding 3 square metres, phase August to early September in booth
Between, controlling temperature 35-40 DEG C, during more than 40 DEG C, be aerated cooling, time ripe, the setting percentage spike of rice higher than 85% is received in choosing, obtains F2
Seed；
Step 4, by F2 seed in mid or late November to early December Hainan sow, direct-sowing dry or water direct seeding 6 square metres, become
The spike of rice selecting setting percentage to be higher than 85% time ripe, gathers in the crops to obtain F3 seed；
Step 5, F3 seed is weighed 80 grams, the first tenday period of a month in May seed sprouting and cultivating, survival after transplant, time ripe, disease-free, individual plant fringe is received in choosing
Number is longer than 16 centimetres more than 10 fringes and neat, fringe shape, stem grain number per spike more than 200, mass of 1000 kernel more than 26 grams, setting percentage is higher than
95%, the individual plant that full seed, grouting are fast and unanimous between the higher and lower levels is F4；
Step 6, being sowed in Hainan in mid or late November to early December by F4 seed, survival after transplant, screening stalk green grass or young crops seed is yellow, nothing
Disease, the setting percentage individual plant higher than 85% is F5；
Step 7, F5 strain accelerating germination being sowed, survival after transplant in booth, choosing is received stalk green grass or young crops seed cave yellow, average every spike number and is no less than
10 fringes, stem grain number per spike more than 200, mass of 1000 kernel more than 26 grams, plant height 95 cm, setting percentage higher than 90%, anti-striped leaf
Rot, strain F6 of bacterial blight-resisting, obtain high setting percentage rice new strain.
The breeding method of the highest setting percentage Oryza sativa L., it is characterised in that: from the beginning of F5, screen at high temperature
While, carry out artificial infection idenfication bacterial leaf-blight, the qualification of stripe disease field natural occurrence.
The breeding method of the highest setting percentage Oryza sativa L., it is characterised in that: start with mixed from the boot stage of F6
Close biological strain inoculation panicle blast, in conjunction with the most anti-rice blast of whole process, carry out the qualification of blast resisting, screening.
The breeding method of the highest setting percentage Oryza sativa L., it is characterised in that: in described step 7, anti-striped
Leaf blight refers to that the sickness rate of provision leaf blight is less than 5%, and bacterial blight-resisting refers to that clip falls ill downwards length less than 3 centimetres.
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| CN105104048B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | It is a kind of to induce identification, the method for screening rice anti-rice blast breeding material |
| CN105624264A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-06-01 | 黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯水稻研究所 | Two-nursery-to-one stress resistance identification technology |
| CN105918113A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Breeding method for polymerizing saline and alkaline resisting and rice blast resisting characters of rice |
| CN109122304B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2022-03-25 | 江西省超级水稻研究发展中心 | Breeding method for quickly cultivating high-temperature-resistant direct-seeding-resistant rice |
| CN111699969B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-09-02 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of flooding-resistant rice |
| CN116508644A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏省大华种业集团有限公司 | Rapid and efficient breeding method for light simplified cultivation of japonica rice variety |
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| CN102657073A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Heat-resisting japonica rice breeding method |
| CN103262788A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Rapid breeding method for salt-tolerance rice variety |
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| CN102657073A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Heat-resisting japonica rice breeding method |
| CN103262788A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Rapid breeding method for salt-tolerance rice variety |
| CN103340147A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏丰源种业有限公司 | Breeding method of high-yield early-matured soft rice |
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