CN105918113A - Breeding method for polymerizing saline and alkaline resisting and rice blast resisting characters of rice - Google Patents
Breeding method for polymerizing saline and alkaline resisting and rice blast resisting characters of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105918113A CN105918113A CN201610336614.6A CN201610336614A CN105918113A CN 105918113 A CN105918113 A CN 105918113A CN 201610336614 A CN201610336614 A CN 201610336614A CN 105918113 A CN105918113 A CN 105918113A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding, and particularly relates to a selecting method of a saline and alkaline resisting and rice blast resisting rice variety. For the different stress resistance breeding targets, hybrid progenies are alternatively planted in different ecological adversities in a generation skipping mode to enable the corresponding characters of the hybrid progenies to be fully expressed, the saline and alkaline resisting and rice blast resisting characters are polymerized generationally, and the new rice line with the excellent comprehensive property is continuously screened and identified. Compared with an original rice advantage character polymerization method, the rice breeding method has the obvious advantages that the target characters can be early locked according to the expected breeding targets, the ecological advantage characters are continuously tracked and rapidly polymerized, the time for polymerizing the ecological advantage characters is advanced and shortened, and early determination and early polymerization of the breeding targets are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural breeding technical field, be specifically related to the selection of a kind of anti-saline and alkaline anti-rice blast rice kind.
Background technology
Baicheng Prefecture is the important producing region of Jilin Province Oryza sativa L., 3,440,000 mu of existing soda alkaline land paddy field, wherein in 1,500,000 mu of paddy field, heavy salinized ground.This district belongs to the semiarid continental monsoon climate of temperate zone semi-moist, and sunlight-heat reaources is superior, and the active accumulated temperature of >=10 DEG C is 2800-3000 DEG C, and 145-150 days frost-free period, annual rainfall 300-400 millimeter, rainfall is few.In district, soil major part is Soda saline and alkaline soils, has pH height, commutativity Na+The features such as content is high, severe, the poor permeability of physicochemical property, have a strong impact on the growth promoter of Oryza sativa L., cause the highest shakiness of yield, quality variation.It was verified that use anti salt and alkali paddy rice kind ratio not resist saline and alkaline kind typically to increase production more than 30%.And for a long time, the selection-breeding of Jilin Province's anti salt and alkali paddy rice kind does not catches up with rice in saline-alkali field production development paces, anti salt and alkali paddy rice kind is deficient, updates slowly.If anti-saline and alkaline, high yield, the disease resisting rice kind length white 9 of authorization in 1994 is despite the presence of shortcomings such as degeneration, easy lodging, but cultivated area the most certain so far.It is serious that the white round-grained rice of anti salt and alkali paddy rice new varieties 1 that application area was bigger in recent years causes rice blast to occur due to promotion rate soon, the most progressively withdraws from the market.Therefore, cultivate and promote high yield, the urgent needs resisting saline and alkaline, disease-resistant new rice variety to be rice in saline-alkali field production development, be also that rice in saline-alkali field produces the most direct most economical effective measures.And be expected to Rice Resistance saline and alkaline breeding for disease resistance aspect and have breakthrough, it is necessary to set up a set of Rice Offspring material can being carried out simultaneously and resist the saline and alkaline and science selection accurately of Resistance screening qualification.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the selection of a kind of anti-saline and alkaline anti-rice blast rice kind, and the key problem in technology of Rice Resistance saline and alkaline blast resisting breeding is to improve the saline and alkaline and selection pressure of disease.Its content be Rice Progenies material throwback be alternately planted in saline and alkaline and non-saline-alkali water field experimental field in, corresponding height of setting up selects anti-saline and alkaline, the blast resisting selective nursery of pressure and identifies garden, continues therefrom to filter out anti-saline and alkaline, blast resisting, the new rice variety of stable high yield.
Technical solution of the present invention:
(1) second generation of hybrid (F2) or (F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1) be planted in respectively in the soda alkaline land paddy field of pH about 9.0, ESP about 30% by combination.This rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, the strain of quantity 3000-5000, the anti-saline and alkaline check variety length white 9 of plantation simultaneously；Before and after rice tillering contains the phase (June 25), fall dry dry field 1-2 days by water consumpation, saline and alkaline with water rising, face, field returns to saline and alkaline, rice plant is caused saline and alkaline evil, now using ocular estimate, upper blade crimson to plant bottom blade tresses and dark green individual plant or strain carry out anti-saline and alkaline primary screener, restoration ecosystem of pouring water immediately after registration of listing.
(2) autumn is to the second generation of hybrid (F2) or (F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1) use ocular estimate to carry out field phenotype final election, with reference to check variety, using straw staygreen, verdure, seed is ripe and branch stalk still resists saline and alkaline important selection standard for green as plant, F2Selected 8-10%, after numbering registration, Herb fetches species test, according to species test results such as tillering ability, yield per plant, Maturity, mass of 1000 kernel, selected individual plant is carried out indoor final election again and eliminates.
(3) by previous generation final election F2F is planted in fringe pestilence incidence rate serious non-saline and alkaline rice district of rice blast morbidity more than 50% for single-strain planting3, this rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, the strain of planting number 2000-3000.Autumn, final election mainly selected the individual plant of notable blast resisting in anti-saline and alkaline strain, select at 0-5% according to fringe pestilence rate, selected individual plant about 5%, after numbering registration, Herb fetches species test, according to species test results such as yield per plant, Maturity, mass of 1000 kernel, selected individual plant is carried out final election again and eliminates.
(4) by previous generation final election F3Formation F it is planted in again under saline and alkaline pressure for individual plant4, emphasis is occurring that character metastable not only having resisted selects elite plant strain in the saline and alkaline but also strain group of blast resisting, but menu strain further to the strain having separation, the stable strain of final election directly rises up into qualification garden.
(5) by previous generation final election F4Being planted in again rice blast for elite plant strain and individual plant occurs serious non-saline and alkaline rice district to form F5Generation or qualification garden, it is important that select the strain of blast resisting and identify its concordance and carry out Yield compari@in elite plant strain group.
(6) by previous generation final election F5For good stable strain F6(strain) carries out Yield compari@test, and this test can be carried out in saline and alkaline rice district and non-saline and alkaline rice district multiple spot simultaneously, repeats for 3 times, plot area 20-40 square metre, its period of duration, resistance, yielding ability etc. are done more detailed follow-up investigation.This variety test of lines is repeatable does 1 year again.Next year selects excellent strain directly to participate in new rice variety above the provincial level associating regional testing according to comprehensive survey result.
The present invention is directed to different breeding for stress tolerance target, hybrid generation's throwback is alternately planted in different ecological adverse circumstance so that it is corresponding character gives full expression to, by the anti-saline and alkaline blast resisting character of generation polymerization, continue Screening and Identification and go out the rice new strain that Comprehensive Traits is excellent.This rice breeding method has a clear superiority in compared with polymerization Oryza sativa L. dominance shape method in the past.It was usually advanced lines (F in the past5) character is stable later material is planted under different ecological adverse circumstance and carries out anti-saline and alkaline blast resisting character polymerization, some resist saline and alkaline or blast resistant gene to lost early generation, and the present invention can be it is anticipated that breeding objective relatively early lock onto target character, persistently follow the tracks of ecological dominance character and obtain rapid polymerization, do sth. in advance and save the time of polymerization ecological dominance character, accomplished that breeding objective early determines early polymerization.
Detailed description of the invention
Principle and feature to the present invention are stated below, and example is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the northeast japonica rice district of China, this new rice breeding method all can be used to select the new rice variety having anti-saline and alkaline blast resisting concurrently, there is repeatability.The new rice variety " east rice 4 " that such as Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sc authorizes for 2010 through Jilin Province is exactly that the method using the present invention selects, it integrates high yield, anti-saline and alkaline, disease-resistant, high-quality, resistant to lodging, is the most excellent new rice variety of a Comprehensive Traits.Below as a example by " east rice 4 ", embodiment is as follows:
Within (1) 1994 year, with agricultural university 10 for maternal (♀), with autumn fields, as male parent, (♂) hybridization obtains F to little raised path between farm fields then0203, seed, nineteen ninety-five becomes F at non-salt-soda soil paddy planting1Generation, mixed receipts after identifying false hybrid.
(2) 1996 years by F1In generation, is planted in typical case's soda alkaline land paddy field, the six directions pool, Daan City, Jilin Province (pH 9.2, ESP 26%) in, this rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, quantity 4230 strain, the anti-saline and alkaline check variety length white 9 of plantation simultaneously, June 29 draining dry field 2 days, according to returning to the saline and alkaline harm phenotype listing mark to separating individual plant；Autumn (JIUYUE 20 days) with reference to check variety, selects straw staygreen, verdure, seed is ripe and branch stalk be still the individual plant of green, numbered 96-22(F2), after registration, Herb fetches species test.
(3) 1997 years by final election individual plant material 96-22(F2) be planted in the serious lateral road river field, Dongfeng County of Jilin Province of rice blast morbidity experimental field in, this rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, planting number 2050 strain；Autumn (JIUYUE 24 days) selects the individual plant that rice blast does not occurs, numbered 96-22-37(F3).
(4) 1998 years by final election individual plant material 96-22-37(F3) be planted in again in typical case's soda alkaline land paddy field, the six directions pool, Daan City, Jilin Province (pH 8.9, ESP 25%), this rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, planting number 1560 strain, and plant check variety length white 9；Select straw staygreen autumn (JIUYUE 21 days), verdure, seed is ripe and branch stalk is still green individual plant, numbered 96-22-37-45(F4), after registration, Herb fetches species test.
(5) 1999 years by final election individual plant material 96-22-37-45(F4) be planted in again the serious lateral road river field, Dongfeng County of Jilin Province of rice blast morbidity experimental field in, this rice transplanting single, seeding row spacing 30 cm x 16.7 centimetres, form strain；The individual plant that rice blast does not occurs, numbered 96-22-37-45-126(F is selected autumn (JIUYUE 22 days) from elite plant strain5).
(6) 2000-2002 is by 96-22-37-45-126(F5) rise up into qualification garden, continue to be planted in Dongfeng County of Jilin Province rice blast and occur in serious test paddy field, while yield, Quality Identification, identify its resistance to rice blast further.
(7) 2003-2004 enters the numbered 96-22-37-45-126-605 of yield variety test of lines.Pilot production and strange land pilot production in 2005-2006 institute.Within 2007, participate in Jilin Province's Oryza sativa L. mid-early maturity group screening test, numbered east rice 06-605.2008-2009 participates in Jilin Province's Oryza sativa L. mid-early maturity group regional testing, within 2009, participates in Jilin Province's Oryza sativa L. mid-early maturity pilot production simultaneously, and general performance is high yield, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, disease-resistant, high-quality.By Jilin Province's crop varietal approval committee and promoted in January, 2010, named as " east rice 4 " (lucky careful rice 2010004).
Claims (4)
1. it is polymerized a breeding method for Rice Resistance saline and alkaline blast resisting character, comprises the following steps:
1) second generation of hybrid F2Or the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1In the soda alkaline land paddy field being planted in, this rice transplanting single, the anti-saline and alkaline check variety length white 9 of plantation simultaneously；Fall dry dry field in rice plant of tillering stage, return to and saline and alkaline rice plant is caused saline and alkaline evil, now use ocular estimate to carry out anti-saline and alkaline plant primary screener, restoration ecosystem of pouring water immediately after registration of listing；
2) autumn is to second generation of hybrid F2Or the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1Using ocular estimate to carry out field phenotype final election with reference to check variety, after numbering registration, Herb fetches species test, according to tillering ability, yield per plant, Maturity, mass of 1000 kernel species test result, selected individual plant is carried out indoor final election again and eliminates；
3) by previous generation final election F2For individual plant in the serious non-saline and alkaline rice district of rice blast morbidity, long-term fringe pestilence sickness rate more than 50%, autumn, final election mainly selected the individual plant of notable blast resisting in anti-saline and alkaline strain, and after numbering registration, Herb fetches species test；
4) by previous generation final election F3Formation F it is planted in again under saline and alkaline pressure for individual plant4, emphasis is occurring that character metastable not only having resisted in the saline and alkaline but also strain group of blast resisting selects elite plant strain, and the stable strain of final election directly rises up into qualification garden；
5) by previous generation final election F4Being planted in again rice blast for elite plant strain and individual plant occurs serious non-saline and alkaline rice district to form F5Generation or qualification garden, it is important that select the strain of blast resisting and identify its concordance and carry out Yield compari@in elite plant strain group；
6) by previous generation final election F5For good stable strain F6Strain, carries out Yield compari@test, and this test can be carried out in saline and alkaline rice district and non-saline and alkaline rice district multiple spot simultaneously, and its period of duration, resistance, yielding ability are done more detailed follow-up investigation.
The breeding method of polymerization Rice Resistance the most according to claim 1 saline and alkaline blast resisting character, it is characterised in that: the pH about 9.0 in described soda alkaline land paddy field, ESP about 30%；Anti-saline and alkaline primary election standard is that plant bottom blade is crimson, upper blade tresses and dark green individual plant or strain；Rice tillering contains dry dry field 1-2 days of falling before and after June 25 phase.
The breeding method of polymerization Rice Resistance the most according to claim 1 saline and alkaline blast resisting character, it is characterised in that: described hybrid generation's final election major criterion is straw staygreen, verdure, seed is ripe and branch stalk is still green.
The breeding method of polymerization Rice Resistance the most according to claim 1 saline and alkaline blast resisting character, it is characterised in that: described hybrid generation blast resisting plant according to fringe pestilence rate 0-5% as select standard.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107041296A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cold and blast resistance the breeding method of rapid polymerization Rice Resistance |
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| CN107041296A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cold and blast resistance the breeding method of rapid polymerization Rice Resistance |
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