CN106613901A - Method for improving American glabrous rice and japonica rice germplasm - Google Patents
Method for improving American glabrous rice and japonica rice germplasm Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613901A CN106613901A CN201610888593.9A CN201610888593A CN106613901A CN 106613901 A CN106613901 A CN 106613901A CN 201610888593 A CN201610888593 A CN 201610888593A CN 106613901 A CN106613901 A CN 106613901A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving American glabrous rice and japonica rice germplasm. The method includes: hybridizing American glabrous rice germplasm with a high-yield variety on the lower reaches of Yangtze River. Through ideotype construction, high-fecundity seed selection technology, high-yield community optimization technology, glabrous rice leaf selection technology and glabrous rice ear selection technology, the problem that American glabrous rice is poor in fecundity, prone to premature senility in later period and low in yielding ability in regions on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River can be effectively solved, own excellent characteristics of glabrous rice like high rice quality, high fertilizer tolerance and lodging resistance, high ear-bearing rate, high adaptability to high light intensity, temperature insensitiveness of rice quality and rice glume glabrousness are maintained, effective polymerization of excellent gene and high-yield gene of the glabrous rice is realized, adaptability level of new varieties is improved, and vitality of bred new varieties is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping field, and in particular to the modification method that a kind of U.S.'s naked body seed rice is planted.
Background technology
Naked body rice also known as " light leaf rice ", " light competition ", because of the whole rice plant such as its blade, stalk, leaf sheath and grain all
It is Glabrous and famous, is mainly distributed on the ground such as Africa, America and China Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, is the main cultivation on the ground such as the U.S., Africa
Variety type.The classification position of naked body rice there are different viewpoints.Someone and has as the high one-level monoid on glaze Jing
Scale hair kind is arranged side by side；Someone then classifies it in java rice, with the same ecotype of java rice；Cheng Kansheng etc. proposes new classification
System, using naked body rice (light competition) as an ecological series people stalk subspecies, as an ecotype of Jing rice.No matter naked body rice
Classification position how, naked body rice has very big as an important kind of Rice Resources in terms of heterosis utilization
Potentiality.U.S. naked body rice has that rice is of fine quality, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high, and strong to bloom strong adaptability, rice confrontation temperature is blunt
Sense, paddy grain husk shell is conducive to dirlling by seeder, the advantages of mechanization is live without hair.In the world, most successful country is utilized to naked body rice
It is the U.S., the U.S. introduces a fine variety paddy rice in 1685 from Asia first, and current Annual planting area is more than 1,100,000/hm2, average product
6180kg/hm2., mainly in Yunnan, the province of Guizhou two, no large-area applications are in Rice Production, Zhejiang Province Jiaxing for China naked body rice
Academy of agricultural sciences has been bred as high-quality evening Jing new varieties good 58 for 2012, currently as grain quality rice in Zhejiang Province's popularization and application, it has also become Zhejiang
Jiang Sheng most nice rice, Annual planting area is at 500,000 mu or so.But U.S. naked body rice Lower Changjiang River region bad adaptability,
The low technical barrier of yield and yet there are no the report of naked body rice varieties large scale application in other areas of Lower Changjiang River region,
Therefore, in the urgent need to providing a kind of new Jing rice types for Lower Changjiang River region, the market competitiveness of area's rice is lifted.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to solve U.S.'s naked body seed rice to be implanted in China's In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River adaptation
Property, while lifting yielding ability, a kind of new excellent Jing rice varieties type is provided for In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, while providing a kind of beautiful
State's naked body seed rice plants the modification method of resource material,
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：A kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter,
The step of the method, is as follows：
(1) U.S. naked body rice parent and another high parent are hybridized, Hybrid F1 is obtained from generation to generation, by Hybrid F1 generation
Generation plantation, obtains F2 generation plant, after maturation, mixes and receives F2 generation seeds；
(2) F2 generation seeds are begun sowing in good time in growing area, individual plant is planted, in the ripe later stage, is selected with naked body rice blade
Method is selected, individual plant of the spike number more than 9 is selected, 5-6 fringes is chosen and is accepted, carry out a step fringe portion back-and-forth method.Indoor species test, is first carried out
Base portion circularity is investigated, and then investigates spike weight, setting percentage and setting percentage, retains average spike weight 4.7-5.3g, setting percentage
More than 90%, rice outward appearance obtains F3 generation plant up to more than 3 grades of individual plant；
(3) by the F3 generations of middle choosing and the segregating generation of the above, individual plant threshing is begun sowing in good time, and by pedigree strain nursery is set up,
Individual plant is planted, and at ripe later stage (45 days or so after the neat fringe of cell), is first carried out cell and is turned ripe color ratio compared with comparative observation cell blade
Color, is turning the excellent minizone of ripe color, and the yielding ability carried out between cell compares, and carries out again in the good cell of yielding ability individual
Compare between body, choose the good individual plant of variety proterties.
(4) middle menu strain is carried out into indoor species test, first carries out base portion circularity investigation, then investigate spike weight, setting percentage
And exterior quality, retain average spike weight 4.7-5.3g, setting percentage more than 90%, individual plant of the chalkness ratio below 30%, to target
Individuality is stable, obtains target variety seed；
(5) target variety is done the modified parent of next round naked body rice germplasm innovation, repeat step (1) to step (3) is straight
To a kind of appearance of polymerization Yield Genes naked body rice varieties.
Used as limitation of the invention, in step (1), described U.S. naked body rice parent is military fortune 2265, the height
Parent is produced for military fortune 2180.
Further, in step (2), with naked body rice blade back-and-forth method：Blade is clamped with forefinger and thumb, mother refers to
Face of blade can slide up and down freely, as menu strain in naked body rice.Fringe portion back-and-forth method；Hand catches section shake fringe portion under fringe, has
Clear and melodious sound, and the fringe portion grain husk shell that detects by an unaided eye, clever shell does not have the middle choosing of bran hair, otherwise eliminates substantially.
Further, in described step (3), strain nursery is set up by pedigree, per 42 plants of cell, 6 × 7 rows, also, it is pregnant
Ear period, 6 plants are chosen per cell.
Further, in step (3), cell turns ripe color comparison techniques：Comparative observation cell leaf color, removing blade tip has
Punctation or (burnt hair) cell of turning white, then compare the whole cell green number of blade of cell, 10 individual plants of stochastic comparison cell
The stem green number of blade, more than mean value for preferable cell.
Further, in step (3), minizone yielding ability comparative approach：It is compared per cell six individual plants of the second row,
Caught from individual plant bottom with the right hand, to fringe portion movement, while jog, feels the rugosity and fringe portion component of individual plant between two cells,
Fringe is thick, fringe severe one is preferable cell, otherwise eliminates；In preferable cell, compare rugosity and regularity of the cell per individual plant fringe, slightly
And neat middle choosing, otherwise eliminate.
Further, in step (4), base portion circularity investigate, choose fringe 5-6 Primary branch of base portion, with it is small-sized go out it is rough
Machine goes out rough, and epidermis enriches middle choosing of the bad brown rice (rice containing white tiles, dead rice, not full rice) less than 10% (containing 10%) for green,
Otherwise eliminate.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is employed, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
1st, cell is turned into ripe color comparison techniques, base portion circularity selection technique, is applied to whole breed breeding whole process,
Naked body rice varieties are efficiently solved in Lower Changjiang River region plantation later stage ripe aberration, the problem of functional leaf early ageing improves leaf
The photosynthetic efficiency of piece, extends the functional period of blade, improves the base portion circularity of naked body rice varieties fringe, ensures that full seed fills
It is real.
2nd, naked body rice blade selection technique, fringe portion selection technique are combined in combination with high yield cell optimization technique, is protected
Menu strain in barrier is, with the excellent naked body rice gene in the U.S., to be advantageously implemented organic knot of U.S.'s naked body rice good characteristic and high yield
Close：In Breeding Process, naked body rice blade selection technique, fringe portion selection technique and high-yield variety cell optimization technique are had
Machine is combined, and can realize that naked body rice gene is effectively polymerized with Yield Genes, lifts the scientific and technological content for being bred as new varieties.
Method of the present invention is hybridized U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter and THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY high-yield variety, by preferable strain
Type builds, high solid species test technology, high yield cell optimization technique, naked body rice blade selection technique, naked body spike of rice portion selection technique,
Later stage ripe color selection technique, can effectively solving U.S. naked body rice Lower Reaches fecundity under the Changjiang river is poor, later stage early ageing, yielding ability
Poor problem, while retaining, naked body rice rice itself is of fine quality, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging strong, the percentage of earbearing tiller is high, to bloom strong adaptability by force, rice
Confrontation temperature insensitiveness, paddy grain husk shell realizes that naked body rice excellent genes are polymerized with the effective of Yield Genes without good characteristics such as hairs, changes
Enter new varieties adaptation level, lift the vitality for being bred as new varieties.
Specific embodiment
In order that present disclosure is easier to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment, the present invention is made into
One step is described in detail.
(1) by U.S.'s naked body rice excellent germplasm intermediate materials：Force fortune 2265 makees maternal with another high parent：Force fortune 2180
Hybridized as male parent, obtained Hybrid F1 65 from generation to generation, Hybrid F1 is planted from generation to generation, planted two rows, cell id 1027 is often gone
9, F2 generation plant are obtained, after maturation, mix and receive 200 grams of F2 generation seeds；
(2) by F2, from generation to generation (cell id 2013) begins sowing in good time (May 18) in growing area, and individual plant is planted, and plants colony 700
Strain, in the ripe later stage, with naked body rice blade back-and-forth method, selects individual plant of the spike number more than 9, chooses 5-6 fringes and accepts, and carries out
One step fringe portion back-and-forth method, middle menu strain 68.Indoor species test, first carries out base portion circularity investigation, then investigates spike weight, solid
Rate and setting percentage, retain average spike weight 4.7-5.3g, and setting percentage more than 90%, rice outward appearance obtains F3 up to more than 3 grades of individual plant
32 plants of generation plant；
(3) by the segregating generation of the F3 of middle choosing (cell id 3007) and the above from generation to generation, individual plant threshing is begun sowing in good time, by being
Spectrum sets up strain nursery, and individual plant is planted, and at ripe later stage (45 days or so after the neat fringe of cell), first carries out the ripe color ratio of cell turn and relatively compares
Observation cell leaf color, is turning the excellent minizone of ripe color, and the yielding ability carried out between cell compares, in good little of yielding ability
Carry out again comparing between individuality in area, with naked body rice blade back-and-forth method, fringe portion back-and-forth method the good individual plant of variety proterties is chosen, receive altogether
48 plants of individual plant, indoor species test (the species test method in the same step of method (4)), obtains totally 21 plants of F4 generations plant；
(4) will select and remain F4 generation (cell id 4014) 21 strains, and specification is identical with step (3), preferable cell is compared, light
Body rice blade back-and-forth method, fringe portion back-and-forth method, the then same step (4) of indoor species test method, 18 plants of middle menu strain；；
(5) F5 (cell id 5007) 18 strains from generation to generation are planted, specification specification is identical with step (3), preferable cell is compared,
Naked body rice blade back-and-forth method, fringe portion back-and-forth method, the then same step (4) of indoor species test method, 16 plants of middle menu strain；
(6) F6 is planted from generation to generation (cell id 6007), 16 strains of field planting, specification specification is identical, preferred with step (3)
Cell compares, naked body rice blade back-and-forth method, fringe portion back-and-forth method, then the same step (4) of indoor species test method, 6 plants of middle menu strain；
(7) Hainan adds generation, plants 6 cells, and 6 cells are mixed receive 0.5 jin of seed respectively.
(8) 6 strains enter variety test of lines.Yield compari@, Resistance Identification, year code name be that 5338 strain shows as
Naked body rice, outward appearance reaches three-level rice, yield highest, turns ripe color excellent.
In step (2) and step (4), average spike weight refer to spike of rice dry after average weight；Setting percentage is referred to always
Grain deducts the percentage that empty grain (containing flat grain) grain number accounts for total grain.
A kind of selection of naked body seed rice matter high yield and high quality kind that the present invention is provided, is primarily directed to naked body seed rice matter
Poor yielding ability, anaphase blade early ageing, the low problem of fringe base portion setting percentage are shown in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River.Light is applied first
Body rice blade selection technique, fringe portion selection technique, cell turns ripe color comparison techniques, on the basis of retaining naked body rice good characteristic,
With Jing rice high yield plant type cell optimization techniques, first carry out comparing between preferable cell, select Quality Residential District, then in preferable cell
Carry out comparing between individuality, it is ensured that select optimum individual, so as to realize the association of the good blast resistance of the new varieties and high yield being bred as
The exhibition of readjusting the distribution.And rice blast inoculation technique, indoor species test are being ensured into the anti-rice blast of kind through the whole Breeding Process of new varieties
On the basis of characteristic of disease, by indoor species test, on a large scale multi objective carries out quality-screening, the combination of more beneficial qualities and yielding ability,
The common raising of yield, quality, ripe color, fecundity is realized, the naked body high quality japonica new varieties with high yield potential are bred as, will
There is good popularizing application prospect.
With the desirable embodiment of the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff completely can be
In the range of this invention technological thought, various change and modification is carried out.The technical scope of this invention is simultaneously
The content being not limited on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter, it is characterised in that the method is followed the steps below：
(1) U.S. naked body rice parent and another high parent are hybridized, is obtained Hybrid F1 from generation to generation, Hybrid F1 is planted from generation to generation
Plant, obtain F2 generation plant, after maturation, mix and receive F2 generation seeds；
(2) F2 generation seeds are begun sowing in good time in growing area, individual plant is planted, in the ripe later stage, with naked body rice blade back-and-forth method,
Individual plant of the spike number more than 9 is selected, 5-6 fringes is chosen and is accepted, carry out a step fringe portion back-and-forth method, indoor species test first carries out base portion
Circularity is investigated, and then investigates spike weight, setting percentage and setting percentage, retains average spike weight 4.7-5.3g, setting percentage 90% with
On, rice outward appearance obtains F3 generation plant up to more than 3 grades of individual plant；
(3) by the F3 generations of middle choosing and the segregating generation of the above, individual plant threshing is begun sowing in good time, and by pedigree strain nursery, individual plant are set up
Plant, in the ripe later stage, first carry out cell and turn ripe color ratio compared with technology observation cell leaf color, turning the excellent cell of ripe color
Between, carry out minizone yielding ability and compare, carry out again comparing between individuality in the good cell of yielding ability, choose the good list of variety proterties
Strain；
(4) middle menu strain is carried out into indoor species test, first carries out base portion circularity investigation, then investigate spike weight, setting percentage and outer
Quality is seen, retains average spike weight 4.7-5.3g, setting percentage more than 90%, individual plant of the chalkness ratio below 30%, to target individual
It is stable, obtain target variety seed；
(5) target variety is done the modified parent of next round naked body rice germplasm innovation, repeat step (1) to step (3) is until one
Plant the appearance of polymerization Yield Genes naked body rice varieties.
2. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (1)
In, described U.S. naked body rice parent is military fortune 2265, and the high parent is military fortune 2180.
3. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (2)
In, described naked body rice blade back-and-forth method is to clamp blade with forefinger and thumb, and mother refers to can be slided up and down freely in face of blade
It is dynamic, as menu strain in naked body rice；Described fringe portion back-and-forth method is that hand catches section shake fringe portion under fringe, there is clear and melodious sound, and is used
Fringe portion grain husk shell is visually observed, clever shell does not have the middle choosing of bran hair, otherwise eliminates substantially.
4. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (3)
In, strain nursery is set up by pedigree, per 42 plants of cell, 6 × 7 rows, and in boot stage, 6 plants are chosen per cell.
5. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (3)
In, described cell turns ripe color comparison techniques and is：Comparative observation cell leaf color, remove blade tip have punctation or turn white,
Burnt hair cell, then compares the whole cell green number of blade of cell, and 10 individual plant stem green numbers of blade of stochastic comparison cell are put down
More than average for preferable cell.
6. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (3)
In, described minizone yielding ability comparative approach：It is compared per cell six individual plants of the second row, is grabbed from individual plant bottom with the right hand
Firmly, move to fringe portion, while jog, feels the rugosity and fringe portion component of individual plant between two cells, fringe is thick, fringe severe one is preferably little
Area, otherwise eliminates；In preferable cell, compare rugosity and regularity of the cell per individual plant fringe, thick and neat middle choosing is otherwise washed in a pan
Eliminate.
7. a kind of modification method of U.S.'s naked body seed rice matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (4)
In, described base portion circularity is investigated and carried out according to the methods below, chooses fringe 5-6 Primary branch of base portion, with small-sized
Go out rough machine and go out rough, epidermis is that green enriches middle choosing of the bad brown rice less than or equal to 10%, is otherwise eliminated, wherein bad brown rice is containing white
Piece rice, dead rice and not full rice.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577938A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-18 | 福建农林大学 | Nude hybrid rice and breeding method thereof |
| CN103125367A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-05 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of bare giant embryo red glutinous rice variety |
| CN105052726A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Method for breeding high-yield japonica rice species capable of efficiently preventing rice blast |
-
2016
- 2016-10-11 CN CN201610888593.9A patent/CN106613901A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577938A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-18 | 福建农林大学 | Nude hybrid rice and breeding method thereof |
| CN103125367A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-05 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of bare giant embryo red glutinous rice variety |
| CN105052726A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Method for breeding high-yield japonica rice species capable of efficiently preventing rice blast |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘文炳等: "光身杂交稻选育研究进展", 《杂交水稻》 * |
| 胡培松等: "美国光身稻品种的利用与超高产品种的选育", 《作物学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |