CN105028317A - Artificial breeding method for chrysolophus pictus under high-altitude environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial breeding method for chrysolophus pictus under a high-altitude environment. The method comprises the following steps that the environment adaptability of the chrysolophus pictus is improved by utilizing a 'custom hatching technology' of chickens; the laying environment is simulated and improved to improve the fertilization rate of the chrysolophus pictus; a dedicated chrysolophus pictus hatcher is designed; an artificial hatching technology process of the chrysolophus pictus is formulated; a standard artificial breeding technology process of the chrysolophus pictus is formulated; a feed formula is innovated. The method solves the problems that the artificial breeding hatchability and survival rate of the chrysolophus pictus are low.

Description

Golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment

Technical field

Type of the present invention relates to golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method, is specially golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment.

Background technology

Golden pheasant with red belly has another name called golden pheasant, medium-sized chicken class, the long 59-110cm of body.Tail speciality, about 38-42cm.Cock plumage look magnificent, the golden yellow thread crest of head tool, and upper body is except upper back of the body strong green, and all the other be golden yellow, and collare is had orange-brown and is embroidered with the fan-shaped plumage of black surround, formation tippet shape.Lower body peony, tail feathers pitchy, completely sews with osmanthus yellow spotting.The hen crown and collare pitchy, all the other body feathers brown colors, completely sew with pitchy worm stupid shape spot and horizontal spot.Pin is yellow.Field characteristics is extremely obvious, and whole body feather color sets off mutually, and red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, azure, purple tool is complete, bright and glittering, is the ornamental bird had won fame both at home and abroad.For the peculiar bird kind of China, the nucleus of this species distribution is in the Qinling area of Gansu, China and Southern Shaanxi.

Golden pheasant with red belly inhabits the broad leaved forest of height above sea level 500-2500 rice, mixed coniferous broad leaved forest and border sparse woods shrubbery area, also comes across dwarf thicket and the bamboo clump area on rock abrupt slope, also often arrives border grass slope winter, arable land is movable and look for food.

Golden pheasant with red belly happiness is movable in groups, particularly autumn and winter, and cluster only reaches more than 30 sometimes, also sees in spring, summer separately or movable in pairs.Property alert, timid frightening.The sense of hearing and oxyopia, the slightly sound, flee at once, when danger is still far away, how runs rapidly in underground and run away; When imminent, then how suddenly to fly disappearance of climbing the tree.Be apt to run, when meeting low rock or small pieces vacant lot in way, then spread the wings and glide and mistake.Circle in the air also dexterous very soon, fly freely in woods.Daytime is movable mostly on the ground, especially with morning and activity in afternoon more, noon is many has a rest in shelter, dwells evening in by the arbor such as pine, the oak tree of cheuch and cliff more.The Shi Duocong that climbs the tree is low, and branch jumps step by step, spirals up, or up jumps from contiguous little tree again.Often wait when the night fell, usually can hear " flutter, flutter, flutter " sound that when climbing the tree, wing is agitated.Dwell on the side shoot of liftoff more than 4 meters crown canopy trees more.Usual Yu Yishu of not being gregariousness, but dwell respectively on contiguous several trees.Golden pheasant with red belly mainly with the leaf of plant, bud, flower, fruit and seeds such as vetch, wild cherry, sweet wormwood, fern leaf, wild garlic, raspberry, creeping oxalis, rose, thorny elaeagnus, goat milk, arrow bamboo, acorn nut, Huashan pine seed, european bird cherry, lacquer tree, cuckoo, bromegrass, robur, Mao Li and Qinggang for food, also eat the crops such as wheat, soybean, corn, kidney bean.In addition the animal foods such as beetle, worm, diptera and lepidopterous insects are also eaten.Usually walk limit at Lin Zhongbian to look for food, sooner or later also look for food to border with in ploughing.

Golden pheasant with red belly breeding period is the annual 4-6 month.Polygyny, usual 1 cock and 2-4 hen mating.Namely there is courtship ritual in late March cock, the fight that between cock, also normal generation is fierce and beginning occupied area.Nest is simple and crude, is only an oval shallow heatable adobe sleeping platform, and interior pad is with leaf, withered grass and feather, and the size of nest is diameter 16-23cm × 16-17cm, dark 6.5-10cm.Every nest is laid eggs 5-9 piece, and ovum is oval, fawn, smooth without spot, and the size of ovum is measured as 44.9 (41.0-51.4) mm × 32.9 (30.0-37.3) mm according to 14 pieces of ovum, weighs 26.2 (24.4-27.3) g.

Summary of the invention

Of the present inventionly be to provide golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment, solving golden pheasant with red belly under high altitude environment cannot the shortcoming of artificial breeding.

For achieving the above object, the invention discloses following technical scheme:

Under high altitude environment, golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method, comprises the steps:

S1 utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology ", obtains early stage young golden pheasant with red belly;

S2 simulates and improves production environment, improve kind of a golden pheasant with red belly fertilization rate, according to the particular surroundings of high altitude localities, golden pheasant with red belly incubation temperature and humidity, brooding temperature and humidity are adjusted respectively, and guarantee that place is dry, cultivation temperature pleasant, reduces cultivation density, increase kind of golden pheasant with red belly feed intake and amount of drinking water, improve kind of a bird fertilization rate;

The golden pheasant with red belly hatch machine of S3 design specialized, wets in hatch machine in the temperature automatically controlled control of existing micro computer, adds super-silent oxygen supply pump, oxygen content detector, and improves the size of incubation plate;

S4 works out golden pheasant with red belly artificial incubation technique flow process, comprising:

The collection of S401 kind egg and storage, planting egg must from excellent, healthy flock of birds, when selecting kind of egg, first the kind egg that shell egg, husky shell egg, sheetmetal egg and shape are not accordant to the old routine is chosen, more than 24 hours will be stored to the kind egg of firm output, the temperature of preserving is 13-15 DEG C, the relatively suitable humidity of conserving species egg is 65%-70%, notes the ventilation of storeroom, when planting egg preservation, greatly upside down, 1 time should be stirred every day;

S402 carries out the disinfecting of kind of egg;

S403 controls incubation temperature, and room temperature, when 18-25 DEG C, adopts constant temperature method hatching, and plant egg can by large, medium and small or heavy, medium and light three class, carry out extension set hatching, to improve incubation rate and strong young rate;

S404 hatching management, when entering to incubate, make golden pheasant with red belly ovum large head-up, to distinguish batch according to storage period, laying period, conscientiously record, can not mix and incubate; Want egg-turning in hatching process, every 2 hours egg-turnings once, egg-turning angle is 90 °-100 °;

S5 works out the golden pheasant with red belly artificial culture technology flow process of specification, comprising:

S501 breeding environment is selected, and selects suitable growing environment, carries out subfield raising, and arrange shading shed on every hurdle in feed lot;

S502 nestling is raised, and nestling opened food after initial 2-3 days, opens food feeding brood time concentrated feed, it must be lured to search for food, make it not frightening, be ready close to people during beginning; Keeper's clothing color will be fixed, and does not wear bright-colored dress; Along with poultry raiser passes through the activities such as feeding, water supply, cleaning health every day progressively close to golden pheasant with red belly, make it to shake down as early as possible; After 3 days every day concentrated feed in increase vegetables, in drinking-water, add vitamin;

In S503, bird is become to raise, when golden pheasant with red belly grew to for 1 monthly age, change finishing period concentrated feed into, finishing period is transitioned into from brood time, carry out feed more to change jobs, be specially the 1st week after de-temperature and still feed brood time concentrated feed, second week 2/3 brood time concentrated feed adds 1/3 finishing period concentrated feed, within 3rd week, add 2/3 finishing period concentrated feed with 1/3 brood time fine fodder, from 4th week, all use finishing period concentrated feed; And along with the increase of golden pheasant with red belly age in days, absorb coarse-fibred ability and strengthen gradually, allow its green forage of searching for food, the scale of feeding of restriction concentrate mixture;

S504 carries out regular sterilization and epidemic prevention;

S6 is bred as and gathers.

Further, the concrete mode of described step S1 is:

S101 selects the kind golden pheasant with red belly with good gene to lay eggs, and utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology " continuous seepage three generations golden pheasant with red belly;

The young golden pheasant with red belly obtained is put in a suitable place to breed separately by S102, reduces accusing each other between golden pheasant with red belly, makes the wilder golden pheasant with red belly of its disposition more heater element.

Further, when putting young golden pheasant with red belly in a suitable place to breed in described S102, it is 1 every 5-6 square metre of young golden pheasant with red belly that cultivation density ensures.

Further, in described step S2, incubation temperature improves 1 DEG C-1.5 DEG C, and hatching relative moisture improves 5%, and brooding temperature improves 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, and relative moisture of brooding improves 5%, and brood time extends 10 days.

Further, the incubation plate volume after improving in described step S3 is 1350 × 105 × 1200mm, and oxygen supply pump noise is no more than 45 decibels, and going out oxygen amount is 3.0L/min, and in hatch machine, oxygen content in air remains on 21%-22%.

Further, if storage life was more than 7 days in described step S401, needs to reduce temperature and preserve.

Further, the concrete mode of the disinfecting of described step S402 kind egg is wipe ovum storeroom floor once with thimerosal in every 2 days, the cleaning comprehensively every 2 weeks, sterilization, and fumigate with formalin solution, after golden pheasant with red belly lays eggs, ovum is sent into hatching house's sterilization, every cubic metre, disinfectant formalin 42mL, potassium permanganate 21g, stifling 30 minutes, before entering to incubate, the disinfectant not exceeding 40 DEG C by temperature soaks 20-30 minute, then dry kind of egg with the dry gauze of sterilizing can enter to incubate, Ru Fuhou hatching house dragged wiping once every 2 days with disinfectant in floor, wall, the every two weeks disinfectant of ceiling sprays once, within one month, carry out cleaning comprehensively once, before each hatching, the disinfectant wiping one time of inside and outside hatch machine and surface, and use formalin fumigation.

Further, in described step S403 incubation condition be specially early stage incubation temperature control at 38.5 DEG C-39 DEG C, hatching humid control at 70-75%, after entering to incubate 24 days, incubation temperature controls at 39 DEG C-39.5 DEG C, hatching humid control is 75%, and embryonic development needs ozone and sufficient oxygen, regular ventilation, especially later stage heat production is more, need cooling egg, enter to incubate rear every day cooling egg once, each 20-30 minute.

Further, in described step S502, the drinking-water of nestling has color, and such nestling can initiatively drink water.

Further, described concentrated feed proportioning is by weight:

The brood time concentrated feed of 1-3 monthly age nestling, corn 56 parts, 6 parts, highland barley, dregs of beans 12 parts, 3 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 6 parts, alfalfa meal 10 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium bicarbonate 1.8 parts, conch meal 0.8 part, bone meal 3 parts, methionine 0.4 part, lysine 0.4 part, multivitamin 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part;

3 the monthly age above nestling finishing period concentrated feed, 52 parts, corn, highland barley, dregs of beans 15 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 4 parts, green forage 16 parts, bone meal 3 parts, 2 parts, yeast, salt 0.3 part;

Laying period concentrated feed, corn 54 parts, dregs of beans 9 parts, 2 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 5 parts, alfalfa meal 20 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, conch meal 0.6 part, bone meal 3.3 parts, methionine 0.25 part, lysine 0.25 part, multidimensional 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part.

It is naturally hatch associated technical parameters for reference with golden pheasant with red belly that the present invention researches and develops theory innovation, break through at present domestic smallest number, among a small circle in carry out experimental artificial incubation cultivation golden pheasant with red belly research category, utilize the experiment and research of carrying out artificial incubation cultivation golden pheasant with red belly in height above sea level about 3000 meters area, and artificial incubation rate is brought up to more than 80%, and cultivation survival rate brings up to more than 90%.

Embodiment

Under high altitude environment, golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method, comprises the steps:

S1 utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology ", obtains early stage young golden pheasant with red belly:

S101 selects the kind golden pheasant with red belly with good gene to lay eggs, and utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology " continuous seepage three generations golden pheasant with red belly;

The young golden pheasant with red belly obtained is put in a suitable place to breed separately by S102, reduces accusing each other between golden pheasant with red belly, makes the wilder golden pheasant with red belly of its disposition more heater element.

S2 simulates and improves production environment, improve kind of a golden pheasant with red belly fertilization rate, according to the particular surroundings of high altitude localities, golden pheasant with red belly incubation temperature and humidity, brooding temperature and humidity are adjusted respectively, and guarantee that place is dry, cultivation temperature pleasant, reduces cultivation density, increase kind of golden pheasant with red belly feed intake and amount of drinking water, improve kind of a bird fertilization rate;

The golden pheasant with red belly hatch machine of S3 design specialized, wets in hatch machine in the temperature automatically controlled control of existing micro computer, adds super-silent oxygen supply pump, oxygen content detector, and improves the size of incubation plate;

S4 works out golden pheasant with red belly artificial incubation technique flow process, comprising:

The collection of S401 kind egg and storage, planting egg must from excellent, healthy flock of birds, when selecting kind of egg, first the kind egg that shell egg, husky shell egg, sheetmetal egg and shape are not accordant to the old routine is chosen, more than 24 hours will be stored to the kind egg of firm output, the temperature of preserving is 13-15 DEG C, the relatively suitable humidity of conserving species egg is 65%-70%, notes the ventilation of storeroom, when planting egg preservation, greatly upside down, 1 time should be stirred every day;

S402 carries out the disinfecting of kind of egg;

S403 controls incubation temperature, and room temperature, when 18-25 DEG C, adopts constant temperature method hatching, and plant egg can by large, medium and small or heavy, medium and light three class, carry out extension set hatching, to improve incubation rate and strong young rate;

S404 hatching management, when entering to incubate, make golden pheasant with red belly ovum large head-up, to distinguish batch according to storage period, laying period, conscientiously record, can not mix and incubate; Want egg-turning in hatching process, every 2 hours egg-turnings once, egg-turning angle is 90 °-100 °;

S5 works out the golden pheasant with red belly artificial culture technology flow process of specification, comprising:

S501 breeding environment is selected, and selects suitable growing environment, carries out subfield raising, and arrange shading shed on every hurdle in feed lot;

S502 nestling is raised, and nestling opened food after initial 2-3 days, opens food feeding brood time concentrated feed, it must be lured to search for food, make it not frightening, be ready close to people during beginning; Keeper's clothing color will be fixed, and does not wear bright-colored dress; Along with poultry raiser passes through the activities such as feeding, water supply, cleaning health every day progressively close to golden pheasant with red belly, make it to shake down as early as possible; After 3 days every day concentrated feed in increase vegetables, in drinking-water, add vitamin;

In S503, bird is become to raise, when golden pheasant with red belly grew to for 1 monthly age, change finishing period concentrated feed into, finishing period is transitioned into from brood time, carry out feed more to change jobs, be specially the 1st week after de-temperature and still feed brood time concentrated feed, second week 2/3 brood time concentrated feed adds 1/3 finishing period concentrated feed, within 3rd week, add 2/3 finishing period concentrated feed with 1/3 brood time fine fodder, from 4th week, all use finishing period concentrated feed; And along with the increase of golden pheasant with red belly age in days, absorb coarse-fibred ability and strengthen gradually, allow its green forage of searching for food, the scale of feeding of restriction concentrate mixture;

S504 carries out regular sterilization and epidemic prevention;

S6 is bred as and gathers.

In the present invention, when putting young golden pheasant with red belly in a suitable place to breed in described S102, it is 1 every 5-6 square metre of young golden pheasant with red belly that cultivation density ensures.

In step S2, incubation temperature improves 1 DEG C-1.5 DEG C, and hatching relative moisture improves 5%, and brooding temperature improves 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, and relative moisture of brooding improves 5%, and brood time extends 10 days.

Incubation plate volume after improving in step S3 is 1350 × 105 × 1200mm, and oxygen supply pump noise is no more than 45 decibels, and going out oxygen amount is 3.0L/min, and in hatch machine, oxygen content in air remains on 21%-22%.

If storage life was more than 7 days in step S401, needs to reduce temperature and preserve.

The concrete mode of the disinfecting of step S402 kind egg is wipe ovum storeroom floor once with thimerosal in every 2 days, the cleaning comprehensively every 2 weeks, sterilization, and fumigate with formalin solution, after golden pheasant with red belly lays eggs, ovum is sent into hatching house's sterilization, every cubic metre, disinfectant formalin 42mL, potassium permanganate 21g, stifling 30 minutes, before entering to incubate, the disinfectant not exceeding 40 DEG C by temperature soaks 20-30 minute, then dry kind of egg with the dry gauze of sterilizing can enter to incubate, Ru Fuhou hatching house dragged wiping once every 2 days with disinfectant in floor, wall, the every two weeks disinfectant of ceiling sprays once, within one month, carry out cleaning comprehensively once, before each hatching, the disinfectant wiping one time of inside and outside hatch machine and surface, and use formalin fumigation.

In step S403 incubation condition be specially early stage incubation temperature control at 38.5 DEG C-39 DEG C, hatching humid control is at 70-75%, after entering to incubate 24 days, incubation temperature controls at 39 DEG C-39.5 DEG C, and hatching humid control is 75%, embryonic development needs ozone and sufficient oxygen, regular ventilation, especially later stage heat production is more, needs cooling egg, enter to incubate rear every day cooling egg once, each 20-30 minute.

In step S502, the drinking-water of nestling has color, and such nestling can initiatively drink water.

Concentrated feed proportioning is by weight:

The brood time concentrated feed of 1-3 monthly age nestling, corn 56 parts, 6 parts, highland barley, dregs of beans 12 parts, 3 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 6 parts, alfalfa meal 10 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium bicarbonate 1.8 parts, conch meal 0.8 part, bone meal 3 parts, methionine 0.4 part, lysine 0.4 part, multivitamin 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part;

3 the monthly age above nestling finishing period concentrated feed, 52 parts, corn, highland barley, dregs of beans 15 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 4 parts, green forage 16 parts, bone meal 3 parts, 2 parts, yeast, salt 0.3 part;

Laying period concentrated feed, corn 54 parts, dregs of beans 9 parts, 2 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 5 parts, alfalfa meal 20 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, conch meal 0.6 part, bone meal 3.3 parts, methionine 0.25 part, lysine 0.25 part, multidimensional 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part.

Specifically, golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method, comprises the following steps:

The first step: utilize family chicken " generation incubates technology ", improves golden pheasant with red belly cultivation survival rate effectively

The kind golden pheasant with red belly with good gene is selected to lay eggs, utilize family chicken " generation incubates technology " continuous seepage three generations golden pheasant with red belly, and young golden pheasant with red belly is put in a suitable place to breed separately, hen house area suitably strengthens, general cultivation density is every 5-6 square metre 1 (after second and third generation, cultivation density can suitably increase), effectively can raise and train golden pheasant with red belly, reduce accusing each other between them, make the wilder golden pheasant with red belly of its disposition more heater element, and growing environment strong adaptability, cultivation survival rate is high.

Second step: simulate and improve production environment, improves kind of a golden pheasant with red belly fertilization rate

In subject study process, according to the practical experience of coastal area, we simulate their environment of hatching and production environment, in conjunction with geography and the climatic environmental factor of grown place, golden pheasant with red belly incubation temperature and humidity have been carried out suitable adjustment respectively, consider that Qinghai Area mean temperature of air is low, sooner or later the temperature difference is large, and dry, moisture evaporates fast actual conditions, seminar improves 1 DEG C-1.5 DEG C incubation temperature, and relative moisture improves about 5%; Brooding temperature improves 2 DEG C about-3 DEG C, relative moisture improves about 5%, brood time extends 10 days, and by improving production environment, comprising and guaranteeing that place is dry, cultivation temperature pleasant, reduce cultivation density, increase kind of the method such as golden pheasant with red belly feed intake and amount of drinking water, golden pheasant with red belly male and female proportioning is set as 1:2, improve kind of a chicken fertilization rate.

3rd step: devise special golden pheasant with red belly hatch machine

The hatch machine utilizing market general carries out artificial incubation golden pheasant with red belly in Qinghai Area, its incubation rate is less than 50%, I company technique personnel make improvements by repeatedly testing, wet in hatch machine in the temperature automatically controlled control of existing micro computer, super-silent oxygen supply pump has been installed, oxygen content monitor, and the size of incubation plate by ovum is changed a social system, hatch machine volume after improvement is that 1350 × 105 × 1200mm is (long, wide, high), oxygen supply pump noise is no more than 45 decibels, going out oxygen amount is 3.0L/min, in hatch machine, oxygen content in air remains on 21%-22%, comparatively Part of Qinghai Plateau oxygen content in air improves 35%-40%, this hatch machine can hatch 504 pieces of ovum simultaneously.

4th step: worked out golden pheasant with red belly artificial incubation technique flow process

(1) collection and the storage of egg is planted

Planting egg must from excellent, healthy flock of birds, when selecting kind of egg, first shell egg, arenaceous shell egg, sheetmetal egg and the kind egg excessive, too small, excessively flat, excessively round, contaminated area is excessive are chosen, should not enter to incubate to the kind egg of firm output at once, store more than 24 hours, but do not exceed 7 days, the temperature of preserving is advisable with 13-15 DEG C, if storage life surpasses 7 days, need to reduce temperature, the relatively suitable humidity of conserving species egg is 65%-70%, and note the ventilation of storeroom, when planting egg preservation, greatly upside down, 1 time should be stirred every day.

(2) disinfecting of egg is planted

Within every 2 days, wipe ovum storeroom floor once with thimerosal, the cleaning comprehensively every 2 weeks, sterilization, and fumigate with formalin solution, after golden pheasant with red belly lays eggs, poultry raiser will sterilize Luan Song hatching house as early as possible, every cubic metre, disinfectant formalin 42mL, potassium permanganate 21g, stifling 30 minutes, before entering to incubate, 20-30 minute is soaked with disinfectant (temperature does not exceed 40 DEG C), then dry kind of egg with the dry gauze of sterilizing can enter to incubate, floor, hatching house dragged wiping once every 2 days with disinfectant, wall, the every two weeks disinfectant of ceiling sprays once, within one month, carry out cleaning comprehensively once, before each hatching, the disinfectant wiping one time of inside and outside hatch machine and surface, and use formalin fumigation,

(3) incubation condition

The golden pheasant with red belly incubation period was at about 25-26 days.Room temperature, when 18-25 DEG C, adopts constant temperature method, and plant egg can by large, medium and small or heavy, medium and light three class, carry out extension set hatching, incubation rate and strong young rate can be improved.After entering to incubate, incubation temperature controls at 38.5 DEG C-39 DEG C, and hatching humid control is at 70%-75%; After entering to incubate 24 days, incubation temperature controls at 39 DEG C-39.5 DEG C, and hatching humid control is about 75%; The relatively high meeting of later stage humidity causes unfirmly closing shell, addled egg increases, embryonic development needs ozone and sufficient oxygen, carbonic acid gas and various pernicious gas do not exceed standard, therefore, and should regularly ventilation, especially later stage heat production is more, should cooling egg be noted, enter to incubate rear every day cooling egg once, each 20-30 minute.

(4) hatching management

When entering to incubate, make golden pheasant with red belly ovum large head-up, to distinguish batch according to storage period, laying period, conscientiously record, can not mix and incubate; Want egg-turning in hatching process, every 2 hours egg-turnings once, egg-turning angle is advisable with 90 °-100 °,

5th step: the golden pheasant with red belly artificial culture technology flow process of having worked out specification

(1) cultivation base environmental selection

1. geographical position

Cultivation base requires away from city and residential block, and from main roads at least 1500 meters, green percentage is high, with fresh air, and cultivation base surrounding is polluted without Industrial " three Waste ",

2. land resources

The selection in place will meet the requirement of epidemic prevention, preferably away from other animal farms, can have a good transport service, and water, electricity are sufficient, and optimum place is sandy grassland, and ground important and influential persons is smooth, not ponding.

3. water resource

Cultivation base underground water, has enough water surface areas and drinking water source, and the sanitary of water sources ensured,

4. climatic resources

Indoor air temperature not higher than 30 degrees Celsius,

5. subfield

Subfield in feed lot, the area on each hurdle about 30-50 square metres, as foster kind of golden pheasant with red belly, 1-2 combinations (each be combined as 1 male 2 female) can be put in every hurdle, subfield material available iron gauze, but note can not spinosity, in case injure golden pheasant with red belly, the upper end the most handy plastic pipe bag of net is appropriate

6. shading shed is set

Each hurdle should arrange the shading shed of about 20 square metres, and under canopy, feed feed with anti-rain, feed dish, water pond can with soft aluminium dishes, or and the crate tire cleaned to isolate use, should not cement tub be built, in case hinder bird pin, can padded 10 centimeters of sand under canopy, convenient kind of a bird is laid eggs

(2) nestling is raised

First week of nestling, is most critical, needs carefully to observe, and beginning 2 days, nestling consumed self yolk capsule; do not need foodstuff, go out shell and can drink water after 12 hours, after 3 days, nestling often can hold food; to open after food most junior three sky, running check nestling, find diarrhea, should treat immediately.

Nestling to open food very important, carefulness, patience be had, it during beginning, must be lured to search for food, make it not frightening, be ready close to people.Keeper's clothing color will be fixed, and does not wear bright-colored dress.Along with poultry raiser passes through the activities such as feeding, water supply, cleaning health every day progressively close to golden pheasant with red belly, make it to shake down as early as possible.

The feed of 3 age in days nestlings, based on vegetable feeds such as cereal, feed of animal origin is auxiliary, chick one week rear feed intake increases gradually, and every day, except certain fine fodder, also suitably will increase green forage and comprise green onion leaf, carrot, wax gourd and Chinese cabbage etc., also ripe egg and the carrot of chopping can be used, drinking-water also should add vitamin, and will have color, and such birdling can initiatively drink water.Feed granules can not be meticulous.

Artificial feeding golden pheasant with red belly, notice that pouity dwelling place cleans, and ensureing feeds uses the clean of apparatus, and regularly carries out soaking disinfection to tableware and glassware for drinking water.

(3) in, bird is become to raise

After January, golden pheasant with red belly ratio is easier to raise, and does not need what specific process, mainly during each blowing, notices that whether its appetite is normal, notices that whether its defecation is normal, if normally, does not just need to take care of, if abnormal, need due to illness treat.

1. the raising of finishing period

When golden pheasant with red belly grew to for 1 monthly age, body weight has reached 200 grams, can adapt to various natural conditions, should change and feed finishing period feed, be transitioned into finishing period from brood time, feed be carried out and more change jobs, way is: within the 1st week after de-temperature, still feed material of brooding, second week 2/3 material of brooding adds 1/3 incubation material, within the 3rd week, adds 2/3 incubation material, all with incubation material from 4th week with 1/3 material of brooding.Along with the increase of blue gene age in days, absorb coarse-fibred ability and strengthen gradually, should allow its green forage of searching for food as far as possible, the scale of feeding of restriction concentrate mixture.

2. the management of finishing period

Goldens pheasant with red belly more than 3 monthly ages can be raised outside house in spring and summer.Golden pheasant with red belly is former inhabits the woods and border sparse woods shrubbery area, cultured area and playground must be large, increase its amount of exercise, raising canopy and sports ground will put yoke more, pad sand, the grains of sand are of moderate size, spreading husky thickness is 5 cm, sports ground can adopt part to spread sand, and plant some trees of shading simultaneously or build shading shed, golden pheasant with red belly has wild nature, easily get a fright, easily cause wound and difficult labour, so the peace and quiet of plant's surrounding environment will be ensured, avoid that steam whistle, mechanical impact, explosion etc. are sudden to be rung strongly.

(4) epidemic prevention requires and disease medication

1. to prevent epidemic requirement

A, should to introduce from the reliable anosis kind of golden pheasant with red belly field of provenance, select physically fit, that premunition is strong improved seeds, reduce disease incident.

B, do feeding and management and sanitation and hygiene well, this is prophylactic basic measures, adheres to correct raising, appropriate management, and golden pheasant with red belly group normal growth is grown, and physique is healthy and strong, just can build up one's resistance to disease, implement the policy of " putting prevention first ".

A, rationally to feed clean drinking-water, according to the needs of golden pheasant with red belly different phase, fully met the demand of nutriment, forbid feeding moldy metamorphism feed, drinking water will clean, and the smelly water of sewage must not be drunk.

B, creation adapt circumstance condition, the layout of golden pheasant with red belly house and structure are wanted rationally, to maintain a certain distance between house, to reduce the chance that epidemic disease is propagated, well-ventilated wanted by hen house, and temperature, humidity are suitable, hen house is kept to clean, the flock of birds of different cultivars and all ages and classes will separately be raised, and carries out " all in all out " system, with immunological disease cross-infection.

C, do assanation well, remove the rubbish heap around hen house and foreign material heap, increase and put the anti-mousetrap, mouse blocking plate, go up wire net and sky net all around at hen house, prevent mouse, worm enters, thus reduce it to the infringement of feed and transmission of disease.

D, to pay attention to personal hygiene, staff marches into the arena will change footwear, wash one's hands, Migrant women must not enter hen house without permission without authorization, and staff and apparatus will be fixed.

E, forbid that other birds enter hen house, in case generation ill altogether.

2. regularly sterilize

The object of sterilization kills pathogene, cuts off route of transmission, prevent the generation of disease and spread.

A, enter the personnel of chicken house production area, will take off without exception, deposit private shoes and hats and inside and outside clothes, through shower, to substitute in interior work clothes, then allow to enter production area, the work clothes, cap etc. dressed in production area must not pass production area, work clothes will wash weekly, then high-temperature sterilization once.

B, hen house summer and autumn monthly spray with the limewash of 1% twice or carry out spraying disinfection, and winter-spring season monthly, is often criticized after golden pheasant with red belly raises and terminate, will thoroughly be eliminated chicken manure and dirt, ground lime water spray disinfectant.

3. Chinese medicine bag for preventing infectious disease

Although the premunition of golden pheasant with red belly is comparatively strong, or according to rational immune programme for children, should start Chinese herbal medicine epidemic preventing working in good time, to strengthen the immunity of golden pheasant with red belly, the generation kept off infection, according to the feature of blue gene growth cycle, should start to carry out drinking-water immunity at 15-20 ages in days.

6th step: the warming fowl canopy transformation of experimental group

Experimental group is brooded to give up and be bred as to give up and is separately added heat-insulation layer (thickness is the color steel warming plate of 10cm), and fence separately adds rain cover and heat insulating cloth, reaches the effect that maintenance in winter is warm, summer keeps dry, the 7th step: innovate feed formula

(1) concentrated feed kind

1. protein feeds: vegetable feed has dregs of beans, colza cake and sunflower seed cake etc., these feeds are containing protein 35%-50%, about 15% of feed total amount can be accounted for, feed of animal origin has ant egg, fish meal, egg, animal tankage, silkworm chrysalis, feather meal, blood meal, fly maggot etc., containing protein 40%-80%, the 20%-25% of feed total amount can be accounted for.

2. energy feed: comprise corn, wheat, highland barley, wheat bran etc., wherein energy content be about 13.0 million burnt/kilogram, bran fodder energy is low, capacity is large, and be rich in raw fiber, just meeting the nutritional need of golden pheasant with red belly, so 15% of feed total amount can be accounted for as wheat bran, rice bran, corn bran, Chinese sorghum chaff etc.

3. mineral feeds: conch meal, zeolite powder, bone meal, salt, calcium bicarbonate, methionine, lysine, multivitamin, trace element and pork liver lung etc., Deng being that blue gene grows indispensable required material equally, the 5%-8% of feed total amount can be accounted for.

(2) concentrated feed formula

The raw material that golden pheasant with red belly concentrated feed uses and pig, chicken are similar, and maximum feature can use Plant protein feed and green forage in a large number.

In the compound of 1-3 monthly age nestling, the content of thick protein is about 25%, it is to calcium, chick is compared in the requirement of the mineral matter elements such as phosphorus, duck is high, the feed of some calcics can be added as conch meal in feed, calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate etc., if feed chick with chicken feed, the bone meal of 2%-2.5% should be added, effectively can prevent the generation of leg disease, nestling feed is corn 56%, highland barley 6%, dregs of beans 12%, wheat bran 3%, fish meal 6%, alfalfa meal 10%, salt 0.4%, calcium bicarbonate 1.8%, conch meal 0.8%, bone meal 3%, methionine 0.4%, lysine 0.4%, multivitamin 0.1%, trace element 0.1%.

Finishing period goldens pheasant with red belly more than 3 monthly ages should change material in hello vegetative period, and protein and crude fiber content are about 15%, also will note supplementing of calcium, phosphorus simultaneously, the calcium Phosphorus requirement of finishing period golden pheasant with red belly is than Young cock high 10%-15%, finishing period feed is corn, highland barley 52%, dregs of beans 15%, wheat bran 8%, fish meal 4%, green forage 16%, bone meal 3%, yeast 2%, salt 0.3%, other should add gypsum, multidimensional etc.

The key of laying period golden pheasant with red belly raising is the daily ration of balance between supply and demand, particularly the quantity delivered of energy can not be too much, otherwise female blue gene will be fat, causing lays eggs significantly declines or stops production, in concentrated feed, gross protein value is advisable with 18%, the content of calcium and available phosphorus is respectively 3% and 1%, the content of lysine and methionine+cystine is respectively 0.90% and 0.75%, laying period golden pheasant with red belly vitamin with trace element requirement difference compared with kind of chicken little, vitamin needed for golden pheasant with red belly is except vitamin E, pantothenic acid, outside vitamin h is similar to kind chicken, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, nicotinic acid, choline requirement is also more similar than kind of chicken, laying period, feed was corn 54%, dregs of beans 9%, wheat bran 2%, fish meal 5%, alfalfa meal 20%, salt 0.4%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2%, conch meal 0.6%, bone meal 3.3%, methionine 0.25%, lysine 0.25%, multidimensional 0.1%, trace element 0.1%.

(3) roughage

Golden pheasant with red belly roughage, based on green forage, comprises Chinese cabbage, spinach, carrot, tomato etc., accounts for 70% of whole daily ration, green forage must fresh, without rot, without pesticide pollution, clean be not with earth, before feeding chopping, length is 0.5-3 centimetre, puts free choice feeding in groove.

Less demanding to roughage of golden pheasant with red belly, generally should using various green beans and section herbage, gramineous forage grass as the feed of golden pheasant with red belly, and comprise clover, corn etc., in reality is raised, various green forage is reasonably combined, and its feeding effect is better.

1, artificial incubation rate and strong young rate result contrast

In April, 2010, control group and experimental group respectively enter to incubate 30 pieces, golden pheasant with red belly egg, and wherein control group (first group) utilizes comprising temperature, humidity etc. at height above sea level more than the 3000 various hatching technique parameters in meter district and carrying out golden pheasant with red belly hatching of document record; Experimental group (second group, the 3rd group) is according to height above sea level about 3000 meters local climates and geographical environment, various hatching technique parameter is comprised temperature, humidity etc. done suitable adjustment and carry out golden pheasant with red belly hatching, its artificial incubation rate and strong young rate results of comparison as shown in table 1:

Table 1:2010 artificial incubation rate and strong young rate results of comparison

In April, 2011, control group and experimental group repeat artificial incubation in 2010 experiment, and its artificial incubation rate is as shown in table 2 with strong young rate results of comparison:

Table 2:2011 artificial incubation rate and strong young rate results of comparison

In April, 2012, control group and experimental group respectively enter to incubate 30 pieces, golden pheasant with red belly egg, all utilize the various hatching technique parameter of Part of Qinghai Plateau environment to comprise temperature, humidity etc. and carry out golden pheasant with red belly hatching, wherein oxygen deprivation gas in control group (first group) hatch machine, increase oxygen in experimental group (second group, the 3rd group) hatch machine to hatch, its artificial incubation rate is as shown in table 3 with strong young rate results of comparison:

Table 3:2012 artificial incubation rate and strong young rate results of comparison

In April, 2013, seminar repeats the experiment of 2012, and its artificial incubation rate is as shown in table 4 with strong young rate results of comparison:

Table 4:2013 artificial incubation rate and strong young rate results of comparison

Can be found out by table 1 and table 2 twice experimental result, the various parameters indiscriminately imitating high altitude localities in low altitude area carry out artificial incubation golden pheasant with red belly, and its incubation rate is minimum, only less than 50%.Table 3 and table 4 twice experimental result are comprehensively contrasted, and experimental group is 18-25 DEG C in room temperature, and incubation temperature is 38.5-39.5 DEG C, relative moisture is 70-75%, and when increasing oxygen in hatch machine, golden pheasant with red belly hatching is more, incubation rate is higher, can reach about 85%; Strong young rate can reach more than 90%.

2, the contrast of survival rate result is cultivated

1. in December ,-2011 in August, 2010, seminar researcher at twice, each three groups golden pheasant with red belly is brooded repeat experiment, wherein control group (first group) is brooded indoor oxygen deprivation gas, and the de-temperature time is carry out experiment of brooding in 40 days; Experimental group (second group) is brooded indoor oxygen deprivation gas, and the de-temperature time is 30 days, and experimental group (the 3rd group) is brooded indoor increasing oxygen, and the de-temperature time is test for 40 days, and Brooding Viability results of comparison is as shown in table 5, table 6:

Table 5:2010 Brooding Viability results of comparison

Table 6:2011 Brooding Viability results of comparison

The results show, de-warm number of days is 40 days, and brood time is 30 days, and in indoor another oxygen of brooding, young golden pheasant with red belly physique is better, and more easily adapt to high altitude environment and weather, Brooding Viability is higher, can reach more than 80%.

2. 2012-2013, researcher carries out the cultivation of common fowl canopy to golden pheasant with red belly at twice and the cultivation of warming fowl canopy finishing period repeats experiment, and experiment contrast result is as shown in table 7, table 8:

Table 7:2012 cultivates survival rate results of comparison

Table 8:2013 cultivates survival rate results of comparison

His-and-hers watches 7 and table 8 carry out global alignment and can find out, adopt warming fowl canopy to cultivate, golden pheasant with red belly survival rate can reach about 85%, apparently higher than common fowl canopy cultivation survival rate.Because blue gene generally can not produce epidemic disease, between brood time, golden pheasant with red belly death is natural death, and rainy day or temperature fall suddenly, easily occurs flocking together and steps on crowded situation, cause death.But, on the basis carrying out the work such as daily sterilization, immunity, should note keeping farming site dry, open, prevent the wet and slippery golden pheasant with red belly tumble injury situation that causes from occurring, also should note the common diseases such as prevention and control pullorum disease, bird flu.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art; under the premise of not departing from the present invention; the some improvement can also made the present invention and supplement, these improve and supplement, also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:

S1 utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology ", obtains early stage young golden pheasant with red belly;

S2 simulates and improves production environment, improve kind of a golden pheasant with red belly fertilization rate, according to the particular surroundings of high altitude localities, golden pheasant with red belly incubation temperature and humidity, brooding temperature and humidity are adjusted respectively, and guarantee that place is dry, cultivation temperature pleasant, reduces cultivation density, increase kind of golden pheasant with red belly feed intake and amount of drinking water, improve kind of a bird fertilization rate;

The golden pheasant with red belly hatch machine of S3 design specialized, wets in hatch machine in the temperature automatically controlled control of existing micro computer, adds super-silent oxygen supply pump, oxygen content detector, and improves the size of incubation plate;

S4 works out golden pheasant with red belly artificial incubation technique flow process, comprising:

The collection of S401 kind egg and storage, planting egg must from excellent, healthy flock of birds, when selecting kind of egg, first the kind egg that shell egg, husky shell egg, sheetmetal egg and shape are not accordant to the old routine is chosen, more than 24 hours will be stored to the kind egg of firm output, the temperature of preserving is 13-15 DEG C, the relatively suitable humidity of conserving species egg is 65%-70%, notes the ventilation of storeroom, when planting egg preservation, greatly upside down, 1 time should be stirred every day;

S402 carries out the disinfecting of kind of egg;

S403 controls incubation temperature, and room temperature, when 18-25 DEG C, adopts constant temperature method hatching, and plant egg can by large, medium and small or heavy, medium and light three class, carry out extension set hatching, to improve incubation rate and strong young rate;

S404 hatching management, when entering to incubate, make golden pheasant with red belly ovum large head-up, to distinguish batch according to storage period, laying period, conscientiously record, can not mix and incubate; Want egg-turning in hatching process, every 2 hours egg-turnings once, egg-turning angle is 90 °-100 °;

S5 works out the golden pheasant with red belly artificial culture technology flow process of specification, comprising:

S501 breeding environment is selected, and selects suitable growing environment, carries out subfield raising, and arrange shading shed on every hurdle in feed lot;

S502 nestling is raised, and nestling opened food after initial 2-3 days, opens food feeding brood time concentrated feed, it must be lured to search for food, make it not frightening, be ready close to people during beginning; Keeper's clothing color will be fixed, and does not wear bright-colored dress; Along with poultry raiser passes through the activities such as feeding, water supply, cleaning health every day progressively close to golden pheasant with red belly, make it to shake down as early as possible; After 3 days every day concentrated feed in increase vegetables, in drinking-water, add vitamin;

In S503, bird is become to raise, when golden pheasant with red belly grew to for 1 monthly age, change finishing period concentrated feed into, finishing period is transitioned into from brood time, carry out feed more to change jobs, be specially the 1st week after de-temperature and still feed brood time concentrated feed, second week 2/3 brood time concentrated feed adds 1/3 finishing period concentrated feed, within 3rd week, add 2/3 finishing period concentrated feed with 1/3 brood time fine fodder, from 4th week, all use finishing period concentrated feed; And along with the increase of golden pheasant with red belly age in days, absorb coarse-fibred ability and strengthen gradually, allow its green forage of searching for food, the scale of feeding of restriction concentrate mixture;

S504 carries out regular sterilization and epidemic prevention;

S6 is bred as and gathers.

2. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete mode of described step S1 is:

S101 selects the kind golden pheasant with red belly with good gene to lay eggs, and utilizes family chicken " generation incubates technology " continuous seepage three generations golden pheasant with red belly;

The young golden pheasant with red belly obtained is put in a suitable place to breed separately by S102, reduces accusing each other between golden pheasant with red belly, makes the wilder golden pheasant with red belly of its disposition more heater element.

3. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when putting young golden pheasant with red belly in a suitable place to breed in described S102, it is 1 every 5-6 square metre of young golden pheasant with red belly that cultivation density ensures.

4. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S2, incubation temperature improves 1 DEG C-1.5 DEG C, hatching relative moisture improves 5%, brooding temperature improves 2 DEG C-3 DEG C, and relative moisture of brooding improves 5%, and brood time extends 10 days.

5. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, incubation plate volume after improving in described step S3 is 1350 × 105 × 1200mm, oxygen supply pump noise is no more than 45 decibels, going out oxygen amount is 3.0L/min, and in hatch machine, oxygen content in air remains on 21%-22%.

6. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, if storage life was more than 7 days in described step S401, needs to reduce temperature and preserves.

7. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concrete mode of the disinfecting of described step S402 kind egg is wipe ovum storeroom floor once with thimerosal in every 2 days, the cleaning comprehensively every 2 weeks, sterilization, and fumigate with formalin solution, after golden pheasant with red belly lays eggs, ovum is sent into hatching house's sterilization, every cubic metre, disinfectant formalin 42mL, potassium permanganate 21g, stifling 30 minutes, before entering to incubate, the disinfectant not exceeding 40 DEG C by temperature soaks 20-30 minute, then dry kind of egg with the dry gauze of sterilizing can enter to incubate, Ru Fuhou hatching house dragged wiping once every 2 days with disinfectant in floor, wall, the every two weeks disinfectant of ceiling sprays once, within one month, carry out cleaning comprehensively once, before each hatching, the disinfectant wiping one time of inside and outside hatch machine and surface, and use formalin fumigation.

8. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S403 incubation condition be specially early stage incubation temperature control at 38.5 DEG C-39 DEG C, hatching humid control is at 70-75%, after entering to incubate 24 days, incubation temperature controls at 39 DEG C-39.5 DEG C, hatching humid control is 75%, embryonic development needs ozone and sufficient oxygen, regular ventilation, especially later stage heat production is more, needs cooling egg, enter to incubate rear every day cooling egg once, each 20-30 minute.

9. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S502, the drinking-water of nestling has color, and such nestling can initiatively drink water.

10. golden pheasant with red belly artificial breeding method under high altitude environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described concentrated feed proportioning is by weight:

The brood time concentrated feed of 1-3 monthly age nestling, corn 56 parts, 6 parts, highland barley, dregs of beans 12 parts, 3 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 6 parts, alfalfa meal 10 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium bicarbonate 1.8 parts, conch meal 0.8 part, bone meal 3 parts, methionine 0.4 part, lysine 0.4 part, multivitamin 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part;

3 the monthly age above nestling finishing period concentrated feed, 52 parts, corn, highland barley, dregs of beans 15 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 4 parts, green forage 16 parts, bone meal 3 parts, 2 parts, yeast, salt 0.3 part;

Laying period concentrated feed, corn 54 parts, dregs of beans 9 parts, 2 parts, wheat bran, fish meal 5 parts, alfalfa meal 20 parts, salt 0.4 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, conch meal 0.6 part, bone meal 3.3 parts, methionine 0.25 part, lysine 0.25 part, multidimensional 0.1 part, trace element 0.1 part.