CN105027986B - Packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room - Google Patents
Packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room Download PDFInfo
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- CN105027986B CN105027986B CN201510525011.6A CN201510525011A CN105027986B CN 105027986 B CN105027986 B CN 105027986B CN 201510525011 A CN201510525011 A CN 201510525011A CN 105027986 B CN105027986 B CN 105027986B
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- mushroom
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The step of present invention discloses packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room, the cultural method be:The pretreatment of raw material is prepared compost pack sterilizing cooling inoculation cultural hypha sporophore growth and is harvested with management.The present invention is conducive to control the harm of miscellaneous bacteria and pest, and success rate is high;Space is made full use of, floor space is small;Production cycle shortens, and using accumulation bacterium germination, increases material temperature, accelerates bacterium germination, shortens growth period of hypha;Management easy to remove can make full use of place;Be conducive to control temperature, keep humidity, fruiting is neat, good mushroom type, stable yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivating method for edible fungi, and in particular to packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room.
Background technology
Oyster mushroom(Scientific name:Pleurotus ostreatus;Also known as pick up the ears, oyster cap fungus, oyster mushroom, black tree peony mushroom, Taiwan is again
Claim elegant precious mushroom)It is one type of Agaricales Pleurotaceae under Basidiomycota, is that kind of a fairly common grey eats mushroom.
The continuous branch elongation of oyster mushroom germ tube, forms uninucleate hyphae.After the different uninucleate hyphae of gender combines (matter is matched), formed
Nucleated mycelium.Nucleated mycelium has clamp connection on diaphragm.Nucleated mycelium constantly carries out cell division by means of clamp connection,
Branch is generated, in environment suitable under conditions of, ad infinitum carries out growth and breeding.
In hymenium, nucleated mycelium top generates load, and inhereditary material is recombinated and detached, and forms four load spores
Son.It after spore maturation, is ejected from lamella, completes a life cycle.
Oyster mushroom is containing abundant nutriment, and per hectogram in product containing 20-23 grams of protein, and aminoacid ingredient type is neat
Entirely, content of mineral substances very abundant.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks that oyster mushroom is warm-natured, sweet in flavor.There is wind dispelling cold dispelling, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals.For
Control lumbocrural pain, the illnesss such as numb in every limb, grain is obstructed.Proteoglycan body in oyster mushroom has cancer cell very strong inhibition to make
With body's immunity can be enhanced.
20 world's second half, the mushroom industry in China are rapidly progressed from small to large.At present, China produces per year each
Class edible mushroom fresh goods has reached more than 420 ten thousand tons, becomes qualified big country of mushroom producing.With domestic and international edible Cordycepps
The continuous development of technical research work is learned, various new cultivation technologies, new method, new model, new product continue to bring out.The mankind are ground
The agricultural byproducts such as the vegetative fiber material that cannot be directly eaten on ball become that protein abundance, low fat, low in calories, taste is fresh
The beautiful edible fungus with healthcare function.This is an extremely promising cause.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yield is high, quality is good, packed cultural method in high efficiency oyster mushroom room.
Packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room, which is characterized in that the cultural method is as follows:
(1)The pretreatment of raw material:Raw material should it is fresh, without go mouldy, free from insect pests, without pesticide or other harmful chemical components,
Raw material is placed under the sun before dispensing and is exposed to the sun 2-3 days, to kill miscellaneous bacteria and pest in expecting;For major diameter raw material, should cut in advance
Short or crushing;
(2)Prepare compost:By formula:Maize bar 85-90%, wheat bran skin 2.5-7.5%, maize face 1.5-5.5%, stone
Grey 1.5-5.5%, urea 0.3-0.8%, salt 0.8-1.2% weigh up raw material and drug, and when configuration pays attention to adjusting the battalion of compost
It supports and the compost prepared is placed in a clean ventilating house or on vacant lot, by siccative and water by acid-base value, pH value 6.6-6.8
With 1:1.3~1.8 ratio mixing, is fully mixed thoroughly, the compost after mixing is clutched with hand, if having between webs with nail palladium or spades
When water is oozed out but do not dripped, illustrate that moisture is suitable;
(3)Pack sterilizing:Polybag width is 22~25 centimetres of low-pressure polyethylene cylinder films, is cut into and is about 40~50 centimetres
Prepared compost is packed into plastic barrel by plastic barrel, is compressed, both ends put on plastics collar or fiber band, by plastic barrel
Mouthful turn down, along ring on the outside of moved from by ectocentral side into then covering brown paper or newspaper in collar extension, be well with rubber band hoop
Into;Material bag is put into retort sterilization in big steamer, more bags and is put, after waiting air(100℃)It maintains 8~10 hours;
(4)Cooling inoculation:Material bag through high-temperature sterilization is placed in free from dust, is cooled down at the cleaning dry and ventilated of mosquito, is treated
Material, which is cooled to 28 DEG C or so, can start to be inoculated with;During inoculation, strain is gripped out of bottle with tweezers, is directly accessed in bag, each mouth
3 pieces of the strain of interior access broad bean size, the tools such as tweezers of inoculation will be sterilized, can be washed with soap in advance, and alcohol is smeared or height
Potassium manganate liquid is smeared, and inoculation operation is fast, and when inoculation not speak, and strain should select that healthy and strong, cell age is short, cleaning-less bacteria infection good
Kind, prevent miscellaneous bacteria from invading from links;
(5)Cultural hypha:After inoculation, material bag is placed in the room totally divulged information and banks up bacterium germination, winter and early spring can rafts
Stack, double row layout, high 1 meter or so of heap, the thermal insulation materials such as upper cover film, straw screen or mat, autumn and late spring can only single-row layout, with three
It is advisable to four layers.Material temperature should be paid attention in incubation at any time, is radiated if temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is necessary to timely turning, by upper strata and
Position is exchanged with intermediate material bag by lower floor, prevents material temperature is excessively high from burning out mycelia, promotes mycelia growth consistent, through 20 to 30 days, mycelia
It can long purseful;
(6)Sporophore growth and management:It is necessary to move into mushroom producing room in time after the long purseful of mycelia, by bacterium bag single-row layout, together
Preferably 5~7 layers, 70~80 centimetres of wide distances are stayed between row and row, convenient for manager works.Mushroom producing room should be kept at this time
Sufficient air and corresponding wet temp, promote the formation and growth of fructification.It is required that daily ventilation 1~2 hour, keeps
Room air is fresh, is watered by ground and on bag, air-atomizing, improves air humidity.When fruit-body formation and long output
After mouthful, daily to mushroom spray body 1~2 time, fine day sprays more, and the rainy day sprays or do not spray less;
(7)Harvesting:Oyster mushroom is for fresh food, and not only mushroom body is soft for timely collecting, delicious and tasty, and yield is also high.When cap face
From depth to shallow, recessed portion harvests color when being and proper time or mushroom body grow to medium well when having white fine and soft shape object;It, should after harvesting
Fruiting face is cleaned out in time, dead mushroom, rotten mushroom are removed in time, after mycelia recuperation a period of time, you can long lower batch of mushroom, generally
It can adopt 3~4 times.
Further, the optimization formula of the compost is:Maize bar 88%, wheat bran skin 5.5%, maize face 2%, lime
3%th, 0.5% salt 1% of urea, pH value 6.6.
The formula of the compost can also be:Weeds 90-96%, wheat bran skin 3-5% gypsum 0.7-1.5%, pH value are
6.5-6.7.Optimization formula is:Weeds 95%, wheat bran skin 3.5%, gypsum 1.5%, pH value 6.5.
It is the advantages of packed cultural method in oyster mushroom room of the present invention:
(1)Be conducive to control the harm of miscellaneous bacteria and pest, success rate is high;
(2)Space is made full use of, floor space is small;
(3)Production cycle shortens, and using accumulation bacterium germination, increases material temperature, accelerates bacterium germination, shortens growth period of hypha;
(4)Management easy to remove can make full use of place;
(5)Be conducive to control temperature, keep humidity, fruiting is neat, good mushroom type, stable yield.
Specific embodiment
For technical scheme of the present invention, objects and advantages is made clearly to show, embodiment of the present invention is made below
It is described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
Packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room, the cultural method are as follows:
(1)The pretreatment of raw material:It is fresh, without go mouldy, free from insect pests, the maize without pesticide or other harmful chemical components
Maize bar is placed under the sun before dispensing and is exposed to the sun 2-3 days by bar, to kill miscellaneous bacteria and pest in expecting, then carries out maize bar
It prescinds or crushes, accumulation is spare.
(2)Prepare compost:By formula maize bar 88%, wheat bran skin 5.5%, maize face 2%, lime 3%, urea 0.5%
Salt 1%, pH value weigh up raw material and drug for 6.7, and when configuration pays attention to adjusting nutrition and the acid-base value of compost, the training that will be prepared
Nutriment is placed in a clean ventilating house or on vacant lot, by siccative and water with 1:1.5 ratios mix, and are fully mixed with nail palladium or spades
Even, the compost after mixing is clutched with hand, if having water to ooze out between webs but do not drip, illustrates that moisture is suitable.
(3)Pack sterilizing:Polybag width is 25 centimetres of low-pressure polyethylene cylinder films, is cut into and is about 45 centimetres of plastic barrel,
Prepared compost is packed into plastic barrel, is compressed, both ends put on plastics collar or fiber band, plastics nozzle are turned down,
Along on the outside of ring from by ectocentral side move into, then brown paper or newspaper are covered in collar extension, it is good with rubber band hoop;It will material
Bag is put into retort sterilization in big steamer, more bags and puts, after waiting air(100℃)It maintains 9 hours.
(4)Cooling inoculation:Material bag through high-temperature sterilization is placed in free from dust, is cooled down at the cleaning dry and ventilated of mosquito, is treated
Material, which is cooled to 28 DEG C or so, can start to be inoculated with.During inoculation, strain is gripped out of bottle with tweezers, is directly accessed in bag, each mouth
3 pieces of the strain of interior access broad bean size, the tools such as tweezers of inoculation will be sterilized, can be washed with soap in advance, and alcohol is smeared or height
Potassium manganate liquid is smeared, and inoculation operation is fast, and when inoculation not speak, and strain should select that healthy and strong, cell age is short, cleaning-less bacteria infection good
Kind, prevent miscellaneous bacteria from invading from links.
(5)Cultural hypha:After inoculation, material bag is placed in the room totally divulged information and banks up bacterium germination, winter and early spring can rafts
Stack, double row layout, high 1 meter or so of heap, the thermal insulation materials such as upper cover film, straw screen or mat, autumn and late spring can only single-row layout, with three
It is advisable to four layers.Material temperature should be paid attention in incubation at any time, is radiated if temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is necessary to timely turning, by upper strata and
Position is exchanged with intermediate material bag by lower floor, prevents material temperature is excessively high from burning out mycelia, promotes mycelia growth consistent, through 20 to 30 days, mycelia
It can long purseful.
(6)Sporophore growth and management:It is necessary to move into mushroom producing room in time after the long purseful of mycelia, by bacterium bag single-row layout, heap
Into 7 layers, 75 centimetres of wide distances are stayed between row and row, convenient for manager works.Mushroom producing room should keep sufficient air at this time
And corresponding wet temp, promote the formation and growth of fructification.It is required that daily ventilation 1~2 hour, keeps room air new
It is fresh, it is watered by ground and on bag, air-atomizing, improves air humidity.After fruit-body formation and long bag outlet, daily to
Mushroom spray body 1~2 time, fine day spray more, and the rainy day sprays or do not spray less.
(7)Harvesting:Oyster mushroom is for fresh food, and not only mushroom body is soft for timely collecting, delicious and tasty, and yield is also high.When cap face
From depth to shallow, recessed portion harvests color when being and proper time or mushroom body grow to medium well when having white fine and soft shape object;It, should after harvesting
Fruiting face is cleaned out in time, dead mushroom, rotten mushroom are removed in time, after mycelia recuperation a period of time, you can long lower batch of mushroom, generally
It can adopt 3~4 times.
Embodiment two:
Packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room, the cultural method are as follows:
(1)The pretreatment of raw material:Weeds are placed under the sun before dispensing and are exposed to the sun 2-3 days, to kill miscellaneous bacteria and the evil in expecting
Then weeds are prescinded or are crushed by worm, accumulation is spare.
(2)Prepare compost:By formula weeds 95%, wheat bran skin 3.5%, gypsum 1.5%, pH value 6.5.Weigh up raw material
And drug, when configuration, pay attention to adjusting nutrition and the acid-base value of compost, the compost prepared is placed in a clean ventilating house or
On vacant lot, by siccative and water with 1:1.7 ratios mix, and are fully mixed thoroughly with nail palladium or spades, and the compost after mixing is clutched with hand,
If there is water to ooze out between webs but do not drip, illustrate that moisture is suitable.
(3)Pack sterilizing:Polybag width is 22 centimetres of low-pressure polyethylene cylinder films, is cut into and is about 50 centimetres of plastic barrel,
Prepared compost is packed into plastic barrel, is compressed, both ends put on plastics collar or fiber band, plastics nozzle are turned down,
Along on the outside of ring from by ectocentral side move into, then brown paper or newspaper are covered in collar extension, it is good with rubber band hoop;It will material
Bag is put into retort sterilization in big steamer, more bags and puts, after waiting air(100℃)It maintains 8 hours.
(4)Cooling inoculation:Material bag through high-temperature sterilization is placed in free from dust, is cooled down at the cleaning dry and ventilated of mosquito, is treated
Material, which is cooled to 28 DEG C or so, can start to be inoculated with.During inoculation, strain is gripped out of bottle with tweezers, is directly accessed in bag, each mouth
3 pieces of the strain of interior access broad bean size, the tools such as tweezers of inoculation will be sterilized, can be washed with soap in advance, and alcohol is smeared or height
Potassium manganate liquid is smeared, and inoculation operation is fast, and when inoculation not speak, and strain should select that healthy and strong, cell age is short, cleaning-less bacteria infection good
Kind, prevent miscellaneous bacteria from invading from links.
(5)Cultural hypha:After inoculation, material bag is placed in the room totally divulged information and banks up bacterium germination, winter and early spring can rafts
Stack, double row layout, high 1 meter or so of heap, the thermal insulation materials such as upper cover film, straw screen or mat, autumn and late spring can only single-row layout, with three
It is advisable to four layers.Material temperature should be paid attention in incubation at any time, is radiated if temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is necessary to timely turning, by upper strata and
Position is exchanged with intermediate material bag by lower floor, prevents material temperature is excessively high from burning out mycelia, promotes mycelia growth consistent, through 20 to 30 days, mycelia
It can long purseful.
(6)Sporophore growth and management:It is necessary to move into mushroom producing room in time after the long purseful of mycelia, by bacterium bag single-row layout, heap
Into 5 layers, 80 centimetres of wide distances are stayed between row and row, convenient for manager works.Mushroom producing room should keep sufficient air at this time
And corresponding wet temp, promote the formation and growth of fructification.It is required that daily ventilation 1~2 hour, keeps room air new
It is fresh, it is watered by ground and on bag, air-atomizing, improves air humidity.After fruit-body formation and long bag outlet, daily to
Mushroom spray body 1~2 time, fine day spray more, and the rainy day sprays or do not spray less.
(7)Harvesting:Oyster mushroom is for fresh food, and not only mushroom body is soft for timely collecting, delicious and tasty, and yield is also high.When cap face
From depth to shallow, recessed portion harvests color when being and proper time or mushroom body grow to medium well when having white fine and soft shape object;It, should after harvesting
Fruiting face is cleaned out in time, dead mushroom, rotten mushroom are removed in time, after mycelia recuperation a period of time, you can long lower batch of mushroom, generally
It can adopt 3~4 times.
It is the advantages of packed cultural method in oyster mushroom room of the present invention:
(1)Be conducive to control the harm of miscellaneous bacteria and pest, success rate is high;
(2)Space is made full use of, floor space is small;
(3)Production cycle shortens, and using accumulation bacterium germination, increases material temperature, accelerates bacterium germination, shortens growth period of hypha;
(4)Management easy to remove can make full use of place;
(5)Be conducive to control temperature, keep humidity, fruiting is neat, good mushroom type, stable yield.
The foregoing is merely the embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every to utilize this hair
The equivalent process transformation that bright description is made directly or indirectly is used in other related technical areas, similarly wraps
It includes in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room, which is characterized in that the cultural method is as follows:
(1)The pretreatment of raw material:Raw material should it is fresh, without go mouldy, free from insect pests, without pesticide or other harmful chemical components, dispensing
Preceding raw material is placed under the sun is exposed to the sun 2-3 days, to kill miscellaneous bacteria and pest in expecting;For major diameter raw material, should prescind in advance or
It crushes;
(2)Prepare compost:By formula:Maize bar 85-90%, wheat bran skin 2.5-7.5%, maize face 1.5-5.5%, lime
1.5-5.5%, urea 0.3-0.8%, salt 0.8-1.2% weigh up raw material and drug, and when configuration pays attention to adjusting the nutrition of compost
And the compost prepared is placed in a clean ventilating house or on vacant lot by acid-base value, pH value 6.6-6.8, by siccative and water with
1:1.3~1.8 ratio mixing, is fully mixed thoroughly, the compost after mixing is clutched with hand, if there is water between webs with nail palladium or spades
When oozing out but not dripping, illustrate that moisture is suitable;
(3)Pack sterilizing:Polybag width is 22~25 centimetres of low-pressure polyethylene cylinder films, is cut into and is about 40~50 centimetres of plastics
Prepared compost is packed into plastic barrel by cylinder, is compressed, both ends put on plastics collar or fiber band, plastics nozzle is turned over
Under, along on the outside of ring from by ectocentral side move into, then brown paper or newspaper are covered in collar extension, it is good with rubber band hoop;
Material bag is put into retort sterilization in big steamer, more bags and is put, after waiting air(100℃)It maintains 8~10 hours;
(4)Cooling inoculation:Material bag through high-temperature sterilization is placed in free from dust, is cooled down at the cleaning dry and ventilated of mosquito, treats material drop
Temperature can start to be inoculated with to 28 DEG C or so;During inoculation, strain is gripped out of bottle with tweezers, is directly accessed in bag, each mouth is inscribed
Enter 3 pieces of the strain of broad bean size, the tools such as tweezers of inoculation will be sterilized, can be washed with soap in advance, and alcohol is smeared or permanganic acid
Potassium liquid is smeared, and inoculation operation is fast, and when inoculation not speak, and strain should select that healthy and strong, cell age is short, good kind cleaning-less bacteria infection,
Prevent miscellaneous bacteria from invading from links;
(5)Cultural hypha:After inoculation, material bag is placed in the room totally divulged information and banks up bacterium germination, winter and early spring can raft stack,
Double row layout, high 1 meter or so of heap, the thermal insulation materials such as upper cover film, straw screen or mat, autumn and late spring can only single-row layout, with three to four
Layer is advisable;Material temperature should be paid attention in incubation at any time, is radiated if temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is necessary to timely turning, by upper strata and lower floor
Position is exchanged with intermediate material bag, prevents material temperature is excessively high from burning out mycelia, promotes mycelia growth consistent, through 20 to 30 days, mycelia
Long purseful;
(6)Sporophore growth and management:It is necessary to move into mushroom producing room in time after the long purseful of mycelia, by bacterium bag single-row layout, with 5
~7 layers preferably, 70~80 centimetres of wide distances is stayed between row and row, convenient for manager works;Mushroom producing room should keep filling at this time
The air and corresponding wet temp of foot, promote the formation and growth of fructification;It is required that daily ventilation 1~2 hour, keeps room
Interior air is fresh, is watered by ground and on bag, air-atomizing, improves air humidity;When fruit-body formation and long bag outlet
Afterwards, daily to mushroom spray body 1~2 time, fine day sprays more, and the rainy day sprays or do not spray less;
(7)Harvesting:Oyster mushroom is for fresh food, and not only mushroom body is soft for timely collecting, delicious and tasty, and yield is also high;When cap color by
It shoals deeply, recessed portion harvests when being and proper time or mushroom body grow to medium well when having white fine and soft shape object;It, should be timely after harvesting
Fruiting face is cleaned out, dead mushroom, rotten mushroom are removed in time, after mycelia recuperation a period of time, you can long lower batch of mushroom can generally be adopted
3~4 times.
2. packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The compost is matched
Fang Wei:Maize bar 88%, wheat bran skin 5.5%, maize face 2%, lime 3%, urea 0.5%, salt 1%, pH value 6.6.
3. packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The compost is matched
Fang Wei:Weeds 90-96%, wheat bran skin 3-5%, gypsum 0.7-1.5%, pH value 6.5-6.7.
4. packed cultural method in a kind of oyster mushroom room according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The compost is matched
Fang Wei:Weeds 95%, wheat bran skin 3.5%, gypsum 1.5%, pH value 6.5.
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Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105393793A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-16 | 黄福忠 | Bag cultivation Pleurotus ostreatus simple and fast hypha running method |
CN107360856A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-21 | 北京中林智艺技术有限公司 | Gardens dry branches and fallen leaves weeds cultivation flat mushroom method |
CN107371805A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 广西柳城县绿之缘生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of flat mushroom greenhouse bacterium germination method |
CN108849239A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-23 | 福建省永春县冠菌现代农业发展有限公司 | Oyster mushroom nutriment production method |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1125035A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1996-06-26 | 伍宗文 | Agaricus tabularis "Fenba" fungus seed and culture method and cultivation technology |
KR101163717B1 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2012-07-09 | 한려버섯 영농조합법인 | method of growing edible mushrooms |
CN103340099A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-09 | 四川省砚山中药饮片有限公司 | Method for planting oyster mushrooms by using corncob with straw |
CN104541987A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 孙宁 | Method for cultivating oyster mushrooms by fermented materials of corncobs |
CN104823709A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 吴中区胥口精益生物医药研究所 | Cultivation method of oyster mushrooms based on mixed compost |
-
2015
- 2015-08-25 CN CN201510525011.6A patent/CN105027986B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1125035A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1996-06-26 | 伍宗文 | Agaricus tabularis "Fenba" fungus seed and culture method and cultivation technology |
KR101163717B1 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2012-07-09 | 한려버섯 영농조합법인 | method of growing edible mushrooms |
CN103340099A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-09 | 四川省砚山中药饮片有限公司 | Method for planting oyster mushrooms by using corncob with straw |
CN104541987A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 孙宁 | Method for cultivating oyster mushrooms by fermented materials of corncobs |
CN104823709A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 吴中区胥口精益生物医药研究所 | Cultivation method of oyster mushrooms based on mixed compost |
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