CN104938374A - Cultchless oyster intermediate culture method based on ecological system - Google Patents
Cultchless oyster intermediate culture method based on ecological system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultchless oyster intermediate culture method based on an ecological system. The cultchless oyster intermediate culture method based on the ecological system comprises the following steps of oyster parent selection, insemination and triplont induction, larva culture, non-attached metamorphosis, upwelling ecosystem culture and the like. The cultchless oyster intermediate culture method is based on an ecological aquaculture model, and liberal algae-laden water in a shrimp pond serves as a bait source in a cultchless oyster intermediate culture stage. Algae types in the shrimp pond are various, and nutrition demands of oyster seedlings can be met, water in the shrimp pond can be changed appropriately every day, healthful growth of shrimps can be promoted, baits of shrimps and oysters can be shared, and sustainable utilization is implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation field, relate to a kind of cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method based on the ecosystem particularly.
Background technology
In oyster seed cultivating process, after inducing into monomer, if cultivation survival rate of plunging into the commercial sea too early is very low.Therefore intermediate rearing is very crucial step.Common cultivating process adopts artificial cultivation unicellular alga to throw something and feed, and cost is higher, and the nutrition of single algae can not meet the growth needs of oyster seedling, easily causes oyster seed dead.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method based on the ecosystem, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
Based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, comprise the steps:
1) close shellfish is selected: select 2-3 age, body weight >=40g, shell length >=10cm, stalwartness, gonadal development good, the oyster of maturation is as close shellfish;
2), insemination and triploid induction: be contained in container with scalpel scraping ovary, stir loose; Filter with 200 eye mesh screens, make it in cell suspension shape, and clean 3-5 time.By the male shellfish of the 8-12% picking of female shellfish quantity, same method is adopted to obtain seminal fluid; Add and have in the seawater of ovum, stir 3-5min; Then repeatedly wash away unnecessary seminal fluid and impurity with clean sea water; Utilize physics or chemical method to obtain triploid oyster, utilize flow cytometer Ploidy detection technology to carry out Ploidy detection;
3) larvae cultivation: after fertilized egg is hatched, chooses high-quality D shape larva with flotation or siphonage, and transfers to Xin Chizhong, and every 2-4 hour adds a shrimp pool water, keeps water body food density to be 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml; Every day respectively changes water 1 time sooner or later, and quantity of exchanged water 25-35%, 3d-5d fall the clear end, pond once, and sterilize with bleaching liquid; During larvae cultivation, little population of individuals is removed in regularly screening; In such a situa-tion, namely there is eyespot and foot through 18-20 days in larva, prepares attachment;
Shrimp pool water is cultivated: water quality index meets the feed coefficient of following standard, the shrimp pool water in pond Tu Chi and indoor industrially-cultured pond all can be used as cultchless oyster intermediate rearing feed source: pH value is between 7.8 ~ 8.6; Water colour is brown, brown or green, and food species is based on chlorella, chrysophyceae, diatoms; Transparency is at 30 ~ 40cm; Dissolved oxygen is at more than 4mg/l; Ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.1mg/l; Nitrite is less than 0.05mg/l;
4) without settlement and metamorphosis: first leach healthy eyebot larvae, then take adrenaline process to carry out without settlement and metamorphosis, realize triploid monomer and cultivate, after larval metamorphosis, grow to the juvenile mollusk of 0.25-0.35mm;
Adrenaline process: adrenaline induction process 7-9 hour, period 3-4 hour changes water once, then leaches larva, proceeds to upwelling and cultivates without bait throwing in settlement and metamorphosis system; Adrenaline EPI concentration for the treatment of: 15-25mg/L seawater;
5) upwelling system is cultivated: juvenile mollusk moves to upwelling culture systems after metamorphosis, and cultivate 45d-60d, juvenile mollusk grows to 4-6mm; This upwelling system comprises upwelling device, and this upwelling device comprises a U-bend (1) and and cultivates bucket (2); This U-bend (1) comprises short tube (14), long tube (12) and bottom tube (13), and this bottom tube (13) is connected between the bottom of short tube (14) and long tube (12); The top of long tube (12) is outwards bent to form transverse tube (11); The bottom of long tube (12) is provided with breather pipe (15); This cultivation bucket (2) is bottomless, and bottom separately adopts bolting silk net (3) back cover;
Upwelling device is placed in pond, and just abnormal juvenile mollusk is moved into this system, and under ascending current environment, high density is cultivated; Within in pond every 3 hours, add a shrimp pool water, supply bait by ascending current, in water body, food density remains on 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml;
Add water in pond, liquid level on water level promoting to drum, lower than the mouth of pipe 0.5-2cm of transverse tube 11, inflation in breather pipe (15), forms upwelling environment; Cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk is placed in the online high density of drum bolting silk and cultivates.
Wherein, step 1) in, adopt and directly can hasten parturition or cultivate ripe Fujian oyster as close shellfish through short-term artificial-strengthening.
9, wherein, step 2) described in physical method comprise one in hypotonic, low temperature, high temperature;
Described chemical method comprises the one in cytochalasin B (CB), N6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP), caffeine.
Wherein, step 3) in, during larvae cultivation, remove little population of individuals every screening in 5-7 days.
Wherein, step 5) in, the sidewall cultivating bucket (2) is provided with circular hole, and (transverse tube (11) of 1 passes U-bend from this circular hole.
Wherein, step 5) in, in each cultivation bucket (2), if 2-4 spaced U-bend (1).
Wherein, step 5) high density cultivate as 100-500/cm
2.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1) this method is based on Eco-breeding pattern, and algae water more than needed in shrimp-cultivation pool is as cultchless oyster intermediate rearing stage feed source.Algal kind in shrimp-cultivation pool is various, can meet the nutritional need of oyster seedling.
2) this method to be drawn shrimp pool water every day and to be thrown something and fed the spat of oyster, can meet the needs of oyster growth, the shrimp-cultivation pool pool also can be made to change water in right amount every day, promote the healthy growth of prawn, realizes the shared and sustainable use of the bait of shrimp and oyster.
3) the present invention adopts upwelling device, and this device can realize high-density breeding, and is convenient to the situation managing and grasp at any time every barrel;
4) the present invention adopts upwelling device, and this device can ensure under high-density breeding condition, and adequately and reasonably current make each oyster seedling physical efficiency fully absorb bait, reduces individual growth difference, improves survival rate.
5) the present invention adopts upwelling device, and the rising flowing current that this device produces, can avoid oyster seedling again to stick together in process of growth, keep monomers grow state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in the pipeline front of upwelling culture apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of upwelling culture apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
1, close shellfish is selected
Select 2-3 age, body weight >=40g, shell length >=10cm, stalwartness, gonadal development good, directly can hasten parturition or cultivate the Fujian oyster of maturation as close shellfish through short-term artificial-strengthening.
2, insemination and triploid induction
Be contained in container with scalpel scraping ovary, stir loose; Filter with 200 eye mesh screens, make it in cell suspension shape, and clean 3 times.By the male shellfish of 10% picking of female shellfish quantity, same method is adopted to obtain seminal fluid; Add and have in the seawater of ovum, stir 5min.Then repeatedly wash away unnecessary seminal fluid and impurity with clean sea water.
Utilize cytochalasin B facture to obtain triploid oyster, utilize flow cytometer Ploidy detection technology to carry out Ploidy detection.The ploidy of triploid seed need be checked whether by ploidy and successfully obtain triploid commodity seed.
3, larvae cultivation
After fertilized egg is hatched, choose high-quality D shape larva with flotation or siphonage, and transfer to Xin Chizhong, within every 3 hours, add a shrimp pool water, keep water body food density to be 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml.Every day respectively changes water 1 time sooner or later, and quantity of exchanged water 30%, 3d-5d falls the clear end, pond once, and sterilizes with bleaching liquid.During larvae cultivation, little population of individuals (every 6d once) is removed in regularly screening.In such a situa-tion, namely there is eyespot and foot through 18-20 days in larva, prepares attachment.
4, without settlement and metamorphosis
First leach healthy eyebot larvae, then take adrenaline process to carry out without settlement and metamorphosis, realize triploid monomer and cultivate, after larval metamorphosis, grow to the juvenile mollusk of 0.25 ~ 0.35mm.
---adrenaline process: in the plastic box of 100 liters, single treatment oyster eyebot larvae 1,000 ten thousand; Add adrenaline induction process 8 hours, 4 hours periods changed water once, then leached larva, proceeded to upwelling and cultivated without bait throwing in settlement and metamorphosis system.
Adrenaline EPI concentration for the treatment of: 20mg/L seawater, 2000ml drug solution can process 1,000,000 eyebot larvaes.
5, shrimp pool water is cultivated
Water quality index meets the feed coefficient of following standard, the shrimp pool water in pond Tu Chi and indoor industrially-cultured pond all can be used as cultchless oyster intermediate rearing feed source: pH value is between 7.8 ~ 8.6; Water colour is brown, brown or green (food species is based on chlorella, chrysophyceae, diatoms); Transparency is at 30 ~ 40cm; Dissolved oxygen is at more than 4mg/l; Ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.1mg/l; Nitrite is less than 0.05mg/l.
6, upwelling system is cultivated
Juvenile mollusk moves to upwelling culture systems after metamorphosis, and cultivate 45d ~ 60d, juvenile mollusk grows to 4 ~ 6mm.This upwelling system comprises upwelling device, and see Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, this upwelling device comprises a U-bend 1 and and cultivates bucket 2.This U-bend comprises short tube 14, long tube 12 and bottom tube 13, and this bottom tube 13 is connected between the bottom of short tube 14 and long tube 12.The top of long tube 12 is outwards bent to form transverse tube 11..The bottom of long tube 12 is provided with breather pipe 15.This cultivation bucket 2 is bottomless, and bottom separately adopts bolting silk net 3 back cover.The sidewall of this cultivation bucket 2 is provided with circular hole, and the transverse tube 11 of U-bend 1 passes from this circular hole, as shown in Figure 3.In a cultivation bucket 2, multiple U-bend 1 can be established, such as, arrange four, be spaced 90 degree of settings.
Upwelling device is placed in pond, and just abnormal juvenile mollusk is moved into this system, and under ascending current environment, high density is cultivated.Within in pond every 3 hours, add a shrimp pool water, supply bait by ascending current, in water body, food density remains on 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml.In upwelling device, the order number of bolting silk mesh screen is different, in order to cultivate the seed of different size.
Add water in pond, liquid level on water level promoting to drum, a little less than the mouth of pipe (0.5-2cm) of transverse tube 11, inflates, then forms ascending air in pipe in breather pipe 15, drives inner bucket water stream to discharge from U-shaped pipe; Because inner bucket water flows to lower past U-shaped pipe stream, then Chi Shui can flow in drum by bolting silk net 2 bottom drum, forms upwelling environment whereby.Cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk is placed in the online high density of drum bolting silk and cultivates.Bolting silk mesh number is different to cultivate different size oyster.
7, marine raft formula cage culture
Triploid monomer oyster adopts the cage culture of marine raft formula, cultivates 8 months, can gather in the crops when individuality grows to 8 ~ 13cm.
8, the processing of finished product cultchless oyster is sold.
Result: year October in October, 2013 to 2014, cultivates 7 batches, triploid monomer oyster seed altogether, obtains abnormal rear triploid monomer oyster juvenile mollusk 1,120 ten thousand.Through the upwelling intermediate rearing of ecomodel, obtain the young shellfish 8,300,000 of the long 4-10mm of shell, survival rate is 74.1%.
Claims (8)
1., based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, comprise the steps:
1) close shellfish is selected: select 2-3 age, body weight >=40g, shell length >=10cm, stalwartness, gonadal development good, the oyster of maturation is as close shellfish;
2) insemination and triploid induction: be contained in container with scalpel scraping ovary, stir loose; Filter with 200 eye mesh screens, make it in cell suspension shape, and clean 3-5 time.By the male shellfish of the 8-12% picking of female shellfish quantity, same method is adopted to obtain seminal fluid; Add and have in the seawater of ovum, stir 3-5min; Then repeatedly wash away unnecessary seminal fluid and impurity with clean sea water; Utilize physics or chemical method to obtain triploid oyster, utilize flow cytometer Ploidy detection technology to carry out Ploidy detection;
3) larvae cultivation: after fertilized egg is hatched, chooses high-quality D shape larva with flotation or siphonage, and transfers to Xin Chizhong, and every 2-4 hour adds a shrimp pool water, keeps water body food density to be 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml; Every day respectively changes water 1 time sooner or later, and quantity of exchanged water 25-35%, 3d-5d fall the clear end, pond once, and sterilize with bleaching liquid; During larvae cultivation, little population of individuals is removed in regularly screening; In such a situa-tion, namely there is eyespot and foot through 18-20 days in larva, prepares attachment;
Shrimp pool water is cultivated: water quality index meets the feed coefficient of following standard, the shrimp pool water in pond Tu Chi and indoor industrially-cultured pond all can be used as cultchless oyster intermediate rearing feed source: pH value is between 7.8 ~ 8.6; Water colour is brown, brown or green, and food species is based on chlorella, chrysophyceae, diatoms; Transparency is at 30 ~ 40cm; Dissolved oxygen is at more than 4mg/l; Ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.1mg/l; Nitrite is less than 0.05mg/l;
4) without settlement and metamorphosis: first leach healthy eyebot larvae, then take adrenaline process to carry out without settlement and metamorphosis, realize triploid monomer and cultivate, after larval metamorphosis, grow to the juvenile mollusk of 0.25-0.35mm;
Adrenaline process: adrenaline induction process 7-9 hour, period 3-4 hour changes water once, then leaches larva, proceeds to upwelling and cultivates without bait throwing in settlement and metamorphosis system; Adrenaline EPI concentration for the treatment of: 15-25mg/L seawater;
5) upwelling system is cultivated: juvenile mollusk moves to upwelling culture systems after metamorphosis, and cultivate 45d-60d, juvenile mollusk grows to 4-6mm; This upwelling system comprises upwelling device, and this upwelling device comprises a U-bend (1) and and cultivates bucket (2); This U-bend (1) comprises short tube (14), long tube (12) and bottom tube (13), and this bottom tube (13) is connected between the bottom of short tube (14) and long tube (12); The top of long tube (12) is outwards bent to form transverse tube (11); The bottom of long tube (12) is provided with breather pipe (15); This cultivation bucket (2) is bottomless, and bottom separately adopts bolting silk net (3) back cover;
Upwelling device is placed in pond, and just abnormal juvenile mollusk is moved into this system, and under ascending current environment, high density is cultivated; Within in pond every 3 hours, add a shrimp pool water, supply bait by ascending current, in water body, food density remains on 1.0 × 10
5~ 1.5 × 10
5cell/ml;
Add water in pond, liquid level on water level promoting to drum, lower than the mouth of pipe 0.5-2cm of transverse tube 11, inflation in breather pipe (15), forms upwelling environment; Cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk is placed in the online high density of drum bolting silk and cultivates.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 1) in, adopt and directly can hasten parturition or cultivate ripe Fujian oyster as close shellfish through short-term artificial-strengthening.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 2) described in physical method comprise one in hypotonic, low temperature, high temperature;
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 2) described in chemical method comprise one in cytochalasin B, N6-dimethylaminopurine, caffeine.
5., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 3) in, during larvae cultivation, remove little population of individuals every screening in 5-7 days.
6. as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 5) in, the sidewall cultivating bucket (2) is provided with circular hole, and (transverse tube (11) of 1 passes U-bend from this circular hole.
7., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 5) in, in each cultivation bucket (2), if 2-4 spaced U-bend (1).
8., as claimed in claim 1 based on the cultchless oyster continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method of the ecosystem, it is characterized in that: step 5) high density cultivate as 100-500/cm
2.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106135079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of cultchless oyster pond intermediate rearing |
| CN109169442A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of enclosed gas charging upper up-flow breeding apparatus and its breeding method for bivalve shellfish seed intermediate rearing |
| CN109169441A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of opening inflatable upper up-flow breeding apparatus and its breeding method for bivalve shellfish seed intermediate rearing |
| CN111034662A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for obtaining hong Kong oyster monomer by drug induction |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106135079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of cultchless oyster pond intermediate rearing |
| CN109169442A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of enclosed gas charging upper up-flow breeding apparatus and its breeding method for bivalve shellfish seed intermediate rearing |
| CN109169441A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of opening inflatable upper up-flow breeding apparatus and its breeding method for bivalve shellfish seed intermediate rearing |
| CN109169442B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2023-09-08 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Closed inflatable upflow cultivation device and cultivation method for intermediate cultivation of bivalve fries |
| CN111034662A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for obtaining hong Kong oyster monomer by drug induction |
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