CN104938204A - Planting method capable of improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of peanuts - Google Patents
Planting method capable of improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of peanuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104938204A CN104938204A CN201510415390.3A CN201510415390A CN104938204A CN 104938204 A CN104938204 A CN 104938204A CN 201510415390 A CN201510415390 A CN 201510415390A CN 104938204 A CN104938204 A CN 104938204A
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- peanut
- peanuts
- fertilizer
- soil
- water
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- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N (1E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method capable of improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of peanuts. The method comprises steps as follows: 1) 50-70 kg of compound formula base fertilizer is applied per mu; 2) dried poultry manure and a soil structure conditioner are applied per mu, and deep ploughing and thorough harrowing are performed when the moisture content of soil is about 60%; 3) the Huayu-series peanut species is selected, seeds are selected and coated, and the seeding density is properly increased; 4) ridges are formed and double-row seeding is performed; a drip irrigation pipe is laid in the middle of ridge surface seeding rows; the soil is covered with a mulching film; 5) micro-element fertilizer is applied supplementarily, and monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on leaf surfaces; reasonable chemical control is performed, and uniconazole is sprayed. The planting method capable of improving the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of the peanuts has the advantages as follows: the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the peanuts can be improved by more than 10%, irrigation times and intensity can be reduced, and the plump fruit rate of the peanuts and the yield of the peanuts per mu are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of peanut cultivation method, particularly a kind of cultivation method improving peanut water, fertile utilization ratio.
Background technology
Peanut is main economic crops in China and oil crop.In peanut reality is produced, capital goods in the agricultural sector availability is low, and water resource waste is serious, causes the wasting of resources, environmental deterioration.Reduce agricultural resources waste, raising peanut high-quality, High-efficient Production ability have become the emphasis of current peanut research work.It is low that this method proposes a kind of solution fertilizer utilization efficiency, the problems such as water resource waste, sets up cultivation method that is fertile, water efficiency utilization, improve the level of comprehensive utilization of agricultural resources, the product factor of merit and agricultural eco_environmental quality.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of and improve peanut water, fertile utilization ratio, reduces the wasting of resources and upper soll layer pollution, avoids earth's surface water eutrophication, improve the peanut factor of merit, realize the cultivation method that high-efficiency peanut is produced.
In order to solve the problem, the cultivation method of raising peanut water of the present invention, fertile utilization ratio, comprises the steps:
The first step, enriches base manure, ensures rational fertilizer type and consumption proportion, this measure can play the fertilizer efficiency of variety classes fertilizer at different times to greatest extent, reduce the waste of manure resources, specifically comprise: mu executes 50-75 kilogram of compound formula base fertilizer, and its proportioning is as follows:
Second step, meticulous arrangement soil, ensures excellent soil structure, and this measure ensures to form excellent soil structure, is the basis of moisture and fertilizer efficiency utilization, specifically comprises: mu executes dried poultrymanure 400-500 kilogram, soil structure conditioner 50 kilograms; When soil moisture content about 60%, deep ploughing 25-30cm, thin rake 2 times.
3rd step, reasonable employment breeding, improves seeding quality, and this measure ensures that Cultural practice is supporting, can further improve water, fertile utilization ratio, specifically comprises: select flower to educate serial peanut varieties, elite seed, remove bud, go mouldy, not plump fruit; Seed pelleting process, adopts the confection of 50% carbendazim and 50% Imidacloprid composition to carry out dressing, suitably improves thickness of sowing, and major peanut is by 11000 caves/mu sowing, and small pod peanut is by 13000 caves/mu sowing.
4th step, uses micro drip-irrigation, controls field water, and this measure reduces the luxus consumption of moisture, accomplishes " adjusting fertile with water ", and the object of water, fertile efficiency utilization simultaneously, specifically comprises: bedder-planter, double row sowing, ridge height 12-15cm, ridge face width 40-43cm; Face, ridge sowing interline additionally arranges one drip irrigation pipe; Covering with plastic film; Need regimen condition according to field, before flowering stage and before the full fruit phase, difference drip irrigation once, mu water consumption 20-25 cubic meter.
5th step, compensating fertilizer is controlled with rationalization, and the anti-anti-avulsion of this measure is fertile and ensure rational group structure, is the important technology obtaining high-yield and high-efficiency, specifically comprises: peanut is bloomed the lower pin phase extremely full fruit phase, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.02% 2-3 time; When plant height reaches 35cm, mu sprays S 3307 5 grams, within 7-10 days, sprays 1 time, totally 2 times.
Further, the cultivation method of raising peanut water of the present invention, fertile utilization ratio, described soil structure conditioner is natural peat soil.
Adopt above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the following advantages:
Peanut utilization rate of fertilizer more than 10% can be improved, reduce irrigation frequency and intensity, and reduce the water consumption of irrigating, improve peanut plumpness and peanut per mu yield.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Choose 2 mu of Peanut Fields in Heze city of Shandong province, be divided into two parts, 1 mu every part, be expressed as No. 1 field and No. 2 fields, wherein No. 1 field adopts cultivation method of the present invention, and before flowering stage and before the full fruit phase, once, every mu of water consumption is 23 cubic metres to each drip irrigation at every turn; No. 2 fields adopt conventional cultivation method, and before flowering stage and before the full fruit phase, once, every mu of water consumption is 60 cubic metres at every turn in each broad irrigation.
Adopt soil nutrient analyzer to measure nutrient content respectively to No. 1 field and No. 2 fields, testing result is in table 1.
Table 1
Until during harvesting peanut, arrange three resample area respectively in No. 1 field and No. 2 fields, the area of each resample area is 0.01 mu, and sample respectively from three resample area and calculate, concrete outcome is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
With reference to table 1 and table 2, adopt the peanut of the inventive method cultivation, compared with the peanut cultivation mode of routine, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 11.38%, and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency improves 10.09%, and potassium utilization rate improves 14.78%, plumpness improves 4.78%, mu increase income 83.5 kilograms, rate of growth 22.75%, the availability of fertilizer and the effect of increasing production of peanut obvious.
In addition, adopt the peanut of the inventive method cultivation, the irrigation water capacity of every mu 46 cubic metres, conventional method then needs the irrigation water of 120 cubic metres, and every mu of using water wisely 74 cubic metres, water-saving rate is 61.6%, and water-saving result clearly.
Claims (2)
1. improve a cultivation method for peanut water, fertile utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) enrich base manure, ensure rational fertilizer type and consumption proportion, specifically comprise: mu executes 50-75 kilogram of compound formula base fertilizer, and its proportioning is as follows:
2) meticulous arrangement soil, ensures excellent soil structure, specifically comprises: mu executes dried poultrymanure 400-500 kilogram, soil structure conditioner 50 kilograms, when soil moisture content about 60%, and deep ploughing 25-30cm, thin rake 2 times;
3) reasonable employment breeding, improve seeding quality, specifically comprise: select flower to educate serial peanut varieties, elite seed, remove bud, go mouldy, not plump fruit, seed does Cotton seeds, the confection of 50% carbendazim and 50% Imidacloprid composition is adopted to carry out dressing, suitable raising thickness of sowing, major peanut is by 11000 caves/mu sowing, and small pod peanut is by 13000 caves/mu sowing;
4) micro drip-irrigation is used, control field water, specifically comprise: bedder-planter, double row sowing, ridge height 12-15cm, ridge face width 40-43cm, face, ridge sowing interline additionally arranges one drip irrigation pipe, covering with plastic film, needs regimen condition according to field, before flowering stage and before the full fruit phase, difference drip irrigation once, mu water consumption 20-25 cubic meter;
5) compensating fertilizer is controlled with rationalization, specifically comprises: peanut blooms the lower pin phase to the full fruit phase, and the di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate hydrogen clock of foliage-spray 0.02% 2-3 time, when plant height reaches 35cm, mu sprays S 3307 5 grams, within 7-10 days, sprays 1 time, totally 2 times.
2. the cultivation method of raising peanut water according to claim 1, fertile utilization ratio, is characterized in that: described soil structure conditioner is natural peat soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510415390.3A CN104938204B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of cultural method for improving peanut water and fertilizer use efficiency |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510415390.3A CN104938204B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of cultural method for improving peanut water and fertilizer use efficiency |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104938204A true CN104938204A (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| CN104938204B CN104938204B (en) | 2017-09-01 |
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| CN201510415390.3A Expired - Fee Related CN104938204B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of cultural method for improving peanut water and fertilizer use efficiency |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105230306A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield water-saving cultivation method for drip irrigation under plastic film of peanuts |
| CN105706682A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Peanut irrigation technology |
| CN105706683A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Peanut cultivation method |
| CN105830684A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Simple, water-saving and efficient peanut cultivation method |
| CN107432151A (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-12-05 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | A kind of application technique of the efficient machine dispenser fertilizer of Peanut Mild letter |
| CN110692475A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-01-17 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for promoting early flowering and early maturing of peanuts |
| CN115777475A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-14 | 菏泽市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院菏泽市分院) | High-oil high-yield peanut planting method |
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2015
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| CN103214319A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-07-24 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Long-term biological slow-release fertilizer special for peanut and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105230306A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield water-saving cultivation method for drip irrigation under plastic film of peanuts |
| CN105230306B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-12-28 | 山东省花生研究所 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method |
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| CN105706683A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Peanut cultivation method |
| CN105830684A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Simple, water-saving and efficient peanut cultivation method |
| CN107432151A (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-12-05 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | A kind of application technique of the efficient machine dispenser fertilizer of Peanut Mild letter |
| CN110692475A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-01-17 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for promoting early flowering and early maturing of peanuts |
| CN115777475A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-14 | 菏泽市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院菏泽市分院) | High-oil high-yield peanut planting method |
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| CN104938204B (en) | 2017-09-01 |
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