CN104936532B - 具有可选择的一体式功率源或外部功率源的外科器械 - Google Patents

具有可选择的一体式功率源或外部功率源的外科器械 Download PDF

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CN104936532B
CN104936532B CN201480005656.0A CN201480005656A CN104936532B CN 104936532 B CN104936532 B CN 104936532B CN 201480005656 A CN201480005656 A CN 201480005656A CN 104936532 B CN104936532 B CN 104936532B
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handpiece
power
plug
battery
power source
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CN104936532A (zh
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J·L·奥尔德里奇
E·T·维纳
R·A·凯默林
J·R·乔达诺
V·P·小巴塔格利亚
D·W·普莱斯
S·P·康伦
G·W·约翰森
J·D·梅瑟利
万山
K·L·豪泽
F·B·斯图伦
J·S·吉
J·A·布洛克
J·A·希布纳
W·B·威森伯格二世
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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    • A61B2017/320093Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw additional movable means performing cutting operation
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    • A61B2017/320094Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw additional movable means performing clamping operation
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    • A61B2017/320095Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw with sealing or cauterizing means
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种外科器械,其包括主体、轴和端部执行器。轴从主体朝远侧延伸。端部执行器位于轴的远侧端部处。端部执行器包括能够对组织进行操作的主动特征结构。主体包括能够操作以驱动端部执行器的主动特征结构的驱动特征结构。主体能够操作以与各种功率源选择性地联接,使得驱动特征结构可基于使用者的偏好接收来自电池或有线功率源的电功率。主体可包括手持件,该手持件具有能够接收电池或缆线适配器的插座。主体可移除地接收各种类型轴组件以提供各种操作模态。轴组件可包括使用者接口特征结构。

Description

具有可选择的一体式功率源或外部功率源的外科器械
优先权
本申请要求2013年1月23日提交的名称为“Surgical Instrument withSelectable Integral or External Power Source”的美国临时专利申请61/755,607的优先权,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
多种外科器械至少部分地依靠电力来操作。此类器械的实例包括外科缝合和切割器械、超声外科器械、和电外科器械的一些型式。电动外科缝合和切割器械的实例是Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)的ECHELON FLEXTMPowered缝合器。此类装置的其它实例和有关概念公开于下列专利中:2008年8月26日公布的名称为“Motor-Driven Surgical Cutting and Fastening Instrument withLoading Force Feedback”的美国专利7,416,101,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2009年8月20日公开的名称为“Motorized Surgical Cutting and Fastening InstrumentHaving Handle Based Power Source”的美国公开2009/0209990,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年9月20日公开的名称为“Motor-Driven Surgical Cutting Instrumentwith Electric Actuator Directional Control Assembly”的美国公开2012/0239012,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和2012年12月17日提交的名称为“Circular Stapler withSelectable Motorized and Manual Control”的美国专利申请13/716,308,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
超声外科器械的实例包括均由Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)提供的HARMONICUltrasonic Shears、HARMONICUltrasonic Shears和HARMONICUltrasonic Blades。此类装置的其它实例和有关概念公开于下列专利中:1994年6月21日公布的名称为“Clamp Coagulator/Cutting System forUltrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国专利5,322,055,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;1999年2月23日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Clamp Coagulator Apparatus HavingImproved Clamp Mechanism”的美国专利5,873,873,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;1997年10月10日提交的名称为“Ultrasonic Clamp Coagulator Apparatus HavingImproved Clamp Arm Pivot Mount”的美国专利5,980,510,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2001年12月4日公布的名称为“Blades with Functional Balance Asymmetries foruse with Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国专利6,325,811,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2004年8月31日公布的名称为“Robotic Surgical Tool with UltrasoundCauterizing and Cutting Instrument”的美国专利6,783,524;2006年4月13日公开的名称为“Tissue Pad for Use with an Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument”的美国公开2006/0079874,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年8月16日公开的名称为“Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating”的美国公开2007/0191713,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年12月6日公开的名称为“Ultrasonic Waveguide andBlade”的美国公开2007/0282333,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2008年8月21日公开的名称为“Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating”的美国公开2008/0200940,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2010年3月18日公开的名称为“Ultrasonic Device forFingertip Control”的美国公开2010/0069940,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2011年1月20日公开的名称为“Rotating Transducer Mount for Ultrasonic SurgicalInstruments)”的美国公开2011/0015660,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和。另外,前述外科工具中的一些可包括诸如下列专利所公开的无线换能器:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Recharge System for Medical Devices”的美国公开2012/0112687,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument with ChargingDevices”的美国公开2012/0116265,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或2010年11月5日提交的名称为“Energy-Based Surgical Instruments”的美国专利申请61/410,603,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
多种电外科器械包括组织切割元件和向组织传送RF能量(例如,以凝固或密封组织)的一个或多个元件。此类装置的实例是由Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)提供的Tissue Sealing Device。此类装置的其它实例和有关概念公开于下列专利中:2002年12月31日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Systems andTechniques for Sealing Tissue”的美国专利6,500,176,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2006年9月26日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Instrument and Method of Use)”的美国专利7,112,201,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2006年10月24日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Working End for Controlled Energy Delivery”的美国专利7,125,409,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年1月30日公布的名称为“ElectrosurgicalProbe and Method of Use”的美国专利7,169,146,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年3月6日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Jaw Structure for Controlled EnergyDelivery”的美国专利7,186,253,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年3月13日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Instrument”的美国专利7,189,233,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年5月22日公布的名称为“Surgical Sealing Surfaces and Methods ofUse”的美国专利7,220,951,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年12月18日公布的名称为“Polymer Compositions Exhibiting a PTC Property and Methods of Fabrication”的美国专利7,309,849,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年12月25日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Instrument and Method of Use”的美国专利7,311,709,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2008年4月8日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Instrument andMethod of Use”的美国专利7,354,440,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2008年6月3日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Instrument”的美国专利7,381,209,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
电外科切割器械的其它实例和有关概念公开于下列专利中:2011年4月14日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument Comprising First and Second Drive SystemsActuatable by a Common Trigger Mechanism”的美国公开2011/0087218,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Motor Driven ElectrosurgicalDevice with Mechanical and Electrical Feedback”的美国公开2012/0116379,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年3月29日公开的名称为“Control Features forArticulating Surgical Device”的美国公开2012/0078243,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年3月29日公开的名称为“Articulation Joint Features for ArticulatingSurgical Device”的美国公开2012/0078247,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年9月19日提交的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Multi-Phase Trigger Bias”的美国专利申请13/622,729,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年9月19日提交的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Contained Dual Helix Actuator Assembly”的美国专利申请13/622,735,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和2012年10月23日提交的名称为“LitzWire Battery Powered Device”的美国专利申请13/658,784,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
虽然已经制造和使用了若干电动外科器械,但据信在本发明人之前还无人制造或使用本文中和所附任何权利要求中描述的发明。
附图说明
虽然本说明书以特别指出并且明确主张本技术的权利要求书作为结束,但是据信,通过以下结合附图对某些实例的说明将会更好地理解本技术,附图中类似的参考标号表示相同元件,其中:
图1描绘了具有可互换功率源选项的示例性外科器械的方块示意图;
图2描绘了可并入图1的有线功率源选项的示例性电路系统的电示意图;
图3描绘了其中电池插入手持件中的示例性外科缝合器械的透视图;
图4描绘了图3的缝合器械的透视图,其中电池从手持件移除;
图5描绘了图3的缝合器械的透视图,其中有线功率适配器被定位成插入手持件中;
图6描绘了示例性超声外科器械手持件的透视图,其中电池被定位成经由无菌接合部部件插入手持件中;
图7描绘了图6的无菌接合部部件的侧剖视图;
图8描绘了图6的超声外科器械的透视图,其中有线功率适配器被定位成经由无菌接合部部件插入手持件中;
图9描绘了包括可移除握持部分的另一个示例性超声外科器械手持件的侧视图;
图10描绘了包括可移除握持部分的另一个示例性超声外科器械手持件的侧视图;
图11描绘了具有一体式功率源和补充功率线的示例性外科器械的方块示意图;
图12描绘了包括一体式功率源和补充功率线的示例性超声外科器械手持件的侧视图,所述补充功率线被定位成与手持件联接;
图13描绘了示例性另选插头组件的方块示意图;
图14描绘了能够接收模块化轴组件的示例性手持件的侧正视图;
图15描绘了能够与图14的手持件联接的示例性轴组件的侧正视图;
图16描绘了能够与图14的手持件联接的另一个示例性轴组件的侧正视图;
图17描绘了能够与图14的手持件联接的另一个示例性轴组件的侧正视图;
图18描绘了能够接收模块化轴组件的另一个示例性手持件的侧正视图;
图19描绘了能够与图18的手持件联接的示例性轴组件的透视图;
图20描绘了能够与图18的手持件联接的另一个示例性轴组件的透视图;
图21描绘了能够接收模块化轴组件的另一个示例性手持件的侧正视图;
图22描绘了能够与图21的手持件联接的示例性轴组件的侧正视图;
图23描绘了能够与图21的手持件联接的另一个示例性轴组件的侧正视图;和
图24描绘了能够与图21的手持件联接的另一个示例性轴组件的侧正视图。
附图并非意在以任何方式进行限制,并且设想到本技术的各种实施例可以各种其它方式来实施,包括那些未必在附图中描绘的方式。并入本说明书并构成本说明书一部分的附图示出了本技术的若干方面,并与说明书一起用于解释本技术的原理;然而,应当理解,本技术不受限于所示的精确布置方式。
具体实施方式
以下对本技术的某些实例的描述不应用来限制本技术的范围。通过以下以举例方式对设想用于执行本发明技术的最佳方式之一的说明,本发明技术的其它实例、特征结构、方面、实施例和优点将对本领域的技术人员变得显而易见。正如将意识到,本文所述技术包括其它不同和明显的方面,这些均不背离本发明技术。因此,附图和说明书应被视为本质上是例示性的而非限制性的。
还应当理解,本文所述的教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个可与本文所述的其他教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个相结合。因此,下述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等不应被视为相对于彼此独立。根据本文的教导内容,可组合本文的教导内容的各种合适的方式将对本领域的普通技术人员显而易见。此类修改和变型旨在包括在权利要求书的范围内。
I.具有可互换功率源选项的示例性外科器械
本领域的普通技术人员将认识到,电池供电的装置可呈现出其自身的优点和缺点;而有线装置可呈现出一组不同的优点和缺点。因此,可期望在一些情况下,提供一种如下装置:所述装置能够基于即将发生的特定情形提供电池功率或有线功率的所需优点,或者避免电池功率或有线功率的缺点。图1示出了能够以操作者所选择的电池功率或有线功率来操作的示例性外科器械10。本实例的外科器械10包括控制模块12、端部执行器14、传感器16、使用者输入件18和功率插座20。端部执行器14、传感器16、使用者输入件18和功率插座20均经由线22与控制模块12连通。因此,控制模块12能够操作以接收来自端部执行器14、传感器16、使用者输入件18、和/或功率插座20的输入(例如,功率、数据等);并且能够操作以基于一种或多种控制算法并基于从传感器16和/或使用者输入件18接收的输入来驱动端部执行器14。控制模块12可包括微处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、存储器、印刷电路板(PCB)、存储装置(诸如固态驱动器或硬盘)、固件、软件、和/或各种其它合适的部件,根据本文的教导内容,这对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。线22可包括任何合适的常规布线、刚性电路板或柔性电路中的迹线、和/或能够操作以传递电功率和/或数据/信号的任何其它合适的部件。
端部执行器14可包括能够操作以操纵组织的各种特征结构。仅以举例的方式,端部执行器14可包括:能够操作以抓紧组织的一个或多个可动钳口、组织切割特征结构(例如,平移刀片)、能够操作以切断组织的一组钉和钉驱动器、能够操作以通过对组织施加超声能量来改变所述组织中的蛋白质的性质的超声刀、能够操作以向组织提供RF能量(例如,双极或单极)的一个或多个电极、和/或任何其它合适的特征结构,根据本文的教导内容,所述特征结构对本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。本实例的端部执行器14包括主动特征结构,诸如超声刀、一对夹紧钳口、锋利刀、钉驱动组件、单极RF电极、一对双极RF电极、加热元件、和/或可由电功率驱动的各种其它部件。在一些情况下,端部执行器14可从外科器械10的其余部分移除,以用于维护、测试、更换或任何其它目的,根据本文的教导内容,这对本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。还应当理解,外科器械10能够接受各种端部执行器14以执行不同类型的活动。例如,外科器械10可接受可移除缝合端部执行器14,所述端部执行器可被移除并且更换为电外科端部执行器14,所述电外科端部执行器可被移除并且被更换为超声端部执行器14,等等。
本实例的传感器16能够操作以提供各种信息从而在手术期间控制模块12。仅以举例的方式,此类构型可包括感测端部执行器14处的温度或者确定端部执行器14的摆动速率。来自传感器16的数据可由控制模块12处理以实现向端部执行器14的功率递送(例如,在反馈环路等中)。可根据外科器械10的目的来提供传感器16的各种其它构型,根据本文的教导内容,这对本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。根据本文的教导内容,传感器16的各种合适的用途和传感器16可采取的各种形式对本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。当然,正如本文所述的其它部件,外科器械10可具有多于一个传感器16;或者如果需要,可简单地省略传感器16。
触发器18能够选择性地从所选功率源40,60向端部执行器14(和/或外科器械10的一些其它部件)提供功率,以便在执行手术时启动外科器械10。仅以举例的方式,触发器18可包括一个或多个变型推钮、一个或多个枢转触发器、一个或多个滑块、一个或多个旋钮、和/或其和组合。根据本文的教导内容,触发器18可采取的其它合适的形式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
功率插座20能够操作以可移除地接收功率源40,50,从而接收功率控制模块12和端部执行器14。具体地,功率插座20能够操作以可移除地接收电池40或插头50。功率插座20可包括电触点、感应式联接特征结构、电容式联接特征结构、和/或任何其它合适的特征结构类型,所述特征结构能够操作以在功率源40,50完全联接功率插座20时从功率插座40,50向控制模块12传递功率。电池40可包括一包一个或多个镍氢电池、锂离子电池(例如,棱柱状电池型锂离子电池等)、镍镉电池、或任何其它类型的便携式功率源,根据本文的教导内容,这对本领域的普通技术人员可能是显而易见的。电池40可根据需要为可再充电的或不可再充电的。当与功率插座20联接时,电池40能够操作以向控制模块12和端部执行器14提供足够的功率,以便使用端部执行器14的所启动部件来执行外科手术的至少一部分。
本实例的插头50与一体式缆线52联接,所述一体式缆线还可移除地与发生器60联接。插头50和缆线52可被提供成一次性部件或提供成可重复使用的可杀菌部件。发生器60可与常规AC壁装电源插座(未示出)联接,并且能够操作以将来自常规AC壁装电源插座的功率转变成适合用于外科器械10的功率。在一些型式中,发生器60包括由Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)提供的G11发生器。发生器60能够操作以基于外科器械10是否为超声外科器械、电外科器械等来改变其功率输出模式。功率输出模式的变型可由操作者手动选择;或者可通过发生器60感测与发生器60联接的器械的类型来自动选择。仅以举例的方式,发生器60可根据下述专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:2011年1月20日公开的名称为“Electrosurgery Generator for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国公开2011/0015631,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2011年4月14日公开的名称为“Surgical Generator for Ultrasonic and Electrosurgical Devices”的美国公开2011/0087212,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或2011年4月14日公开的名称为“Surgical Generator for Ultrasonic and Electrosurgical Devices”的美国公开2011/0087256,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。在本实例中,发生器60能够操作以通过缆线52向插头50传递电功率,从而为外科器械10供电。
还应当理解,缆线52和插头50还能够操作以在外科器械10与发生器60之间提供数据和/或命令等的单向或双向传递。仅以举例的方式,数据可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些通过缆线52和插头50来传递:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Medical DeviceUsage Data Processing”的美国公开2012/0116367,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。此外或另选地,此类数据可包括:用于器械10的一个或多个部件的软件/固件升级;用于提供器械10、插头50和/或发生器60的鉴别的数据;使用跟踪数据;基于使用器械10的特定操作者来调制器械10的性能的自动配置数据;代表存储在器械10上的事件的数据;在器械10的使用期间实时捕获的数据(例如,温度、组织阻抗等);和/或各种其他类型的数据。在器械10的可操作性是基于使用所述器械的特定操作者来进行调制的型式中,此类调制可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些来提供:2012年3月22日提交的名称为“Method andApparatus for Programming Modular Surgical Instrument”的美国专利申请13/426,760,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。还应当理解,发生器60能够经由缆线52和插头50对器械10执行诊断。
此外,或作为通过缆线52和插头50来提供的另选形式,上述数据传递功能中的至少一些可以无线方式在器械10与发生器60之间提供;和/或在器械10与某件其它装备之间提供。仅以举例的方式,此类无线通信可使用蓝牙协议、Zigbee协议、其它协议、或甚至其它模态(例如,非RF无线通信等)来提供。此类无线通信可在器械10与电池40联接时提供;并且在一些情况下甚至在器械10与插头50和缆线52联接时提供。虽然上述实例包括器械10与发生器60之间的数据传递,然而应当理解,此外或代替在器械10与发生器60之间传递,数据可以无线方式或经由线在器械10与某件其它装备之间传递。仅以举例的方式,数据可从器械10向腹腔镜式照相机显示器传递。根据本文的教导内容,可与器械10通信的其它类型的装备对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
发生器60也能够提供器械10由电池40驱动时器械10可能无法提供的使用者反馈(例如,可听音调、光、图形/文本消息等)。发生器60处的此类使用者反馈可由通过缆线52和插头50接收的数据来驱动。例如,使用者反馈可指示以下信息:端部执行器14启动的时间、完成循环的时间、计时器运行的时间、存在警戒状态的时间、设立的指令、故障诊断、端部执行器14中平移刀的纵向位置、夹紧在端部执行器14的钳口之间的组织的厚度等。器械10的一些型式能够通过器械10自身提供使用者反馈。例如,器械10可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些来提供使用者反馈:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“User Feedback throughHandpiece of Surgical Instrument”的美国公开2012/0116364,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文,和/或2012年5月10日公开的名称为“User Feedback trough End Effector ofSurgical Instrument”的美国公开2012/0116267,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。即使在器械10能够靠其自身提供使用者反馈的情况下,可绕过器械10的此类使用者反馈特征结构,以有利于在器械10通过缆线52和插头50与发生器60联接时,通过发生器60提供使用者反馈。另选地,通过发生器60提供的使用者反馈可补充通过器械10提供的使用者反馈。
在一些型式中,器械10向发生器60和/或某一其它智能接收器传递数据(例如,组织阻抗、其它电外科性能数据等);然后发生器60和/或其它智能接收器将信息传回到器械10以指示器械10输出某一使用者反馈。因此,即使在器械10自身提供使用者反馈的情况下,此类使用者反馈可至少部分地由来自发生器60的指令驱动,其中此类指令至少部分地基于从器械10向发生器60传递的数据。从器械10到发生器60的数据和/或从发生器60到器械10的使用者反馈命令可经由缆线52和插头50和/或以其它方式传递。
还应当理解,器械10可以无线方式向发生器60传递数据以通过发生器60提供使用者反馈。同样,此类无线通信可使用蓝牙协议、Zigbee协议、其他协议、或甚至其它模态(例如,非RF无线通信等)来提供。此类无线通信还可在器械10与电池40联接时提供;并且在一些情况下,甚至在器械10与插头50和缆线52联接时提供。
虽然上述实例包括用于提供使用者反馈的器械10与发生器60之间的数据传递,然而应当理解,另外或代替在器械10与发生器60之间传递,数据可在器械10与某件其它装备之间以无线方式或经由线传递以提供使用者反馈。仅以举例的方式,数据可以无线方式或经由线从器械10向腹腔镜式照相机显示器传递,使得腹腔镜式照相机显示器可基于来自器械10的数据向使用者提供听觉和/或视觉反馈。作为另一个仅例示性变型,来自器械10的数据可以线或无线技术的任何合适的组合从发生器60中继转发到另一件装备(例如,腹腔镜式照相机显示器),以提供通信链中各链接之间的通信。作为又一个仅例示性实例,数据可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些被中继转发到服务器:2012年3月22日提交的名称为“Surgical Instrument Usage Data Management”的美国专利申请13/426,792,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
本领域的普通技术人员将认识到,上述无线通信实例可以各种方式来实施。仅以举例的方式,无线通信可根据以下公开的教导内容中的至少一些来实施:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Charging Station and WirelessCommunication”的美国公开2012/0116381,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument Safety Glasses”的美国公开2012/0116365,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。根据本文的教导内容,可实施上述无线通信实例的其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
虽然缆线52和插头50在本实例中是一体的,然而这些部件可在一些其它型式中是可分离的。例如,在一些型式中,缆线52可包括通常与发生器60一起使用的常规缆线;并且插头50可被提供作为供缆线52插入的适配器。作为另一个仅例示性实例,缆线52可包括直接插入标准AC壁装电源插座中的常规功率源缆线,而插头50是与缆线52的另一个端部可移除地联接的适配器。相似地,不管缆线52与插头50是否为一体的,缆线52的相对端部可包括使缆线52能够选择性地插入发生器60或标准AC壁装电源插座中的一个或多个可移除适配器。例如,缆线52的功率接收端部可包括一体式插头,所述一体式插头能够直接插入标准AC壁装电源插座中,并且适配器可与此插头联接以使缆线52的功率接收端部能够插入发生器60中。另选地,缆线52的功率接收端部可包括一体式插头,所述一体式插头能够直接插入发生器中,并且适配器可与此插头联接以使缆线52的功率接收端部能够插入标准AC壁装电源插座中。在缆线52能够操作以插入标准AC壁装电源插座中(有适配器或没有适配器)的型式中,缆线52和/或插头50可包括患者隔离电路系统以遵守医疗电气装备标准(例如,标准ICE6060-1)。
作为另一个仅例示性变型,缆线52的与器械10直接联接的端部可包括多个插头50(或适配器)以供挑选,其中每个插头50(或适配器)与特定外科模态(例如,电外科、超声外科、外科缝合等)相关联;和/或与特定子模态(例如,双极电外科对单极电外科、高能量超声外科对低能量超声外科等)相关联。器械10的一些型式能够以多于一种外科模态和/或子模态操作。在一些此类型式中,器械10可感测与所选插头50(或适配器)相关联的模态和/或子模态,并且可因此将其自身自动配置成以所述特定模态/子模态操作。根据本文的教导内容,可实施此类功能的各种合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。相似地,根据本文的教导内容,插头50和缆线52的其它合适的构型(包括插头50与缆线52之间的其它合适的关系)对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
发生器60的一些型式可包括其中发生器提供恒定AC电流作为输出的模式。器械10能够基于DC功率操作,使得发生器60的AC输出往往需要加以整流。插头50能够操作以将来自发生器60的此类AC功率输出转变成DC功率,所述DC功率具有其中参数适用于驱动外科器械10的分布。具体地,插头50包括电路70,所述电路提供对发生器60的AC功率输出的整流,此将在下文更详细描述。在发生器60能够提供除简单恒定AC电流之外的电输出的其它模式的型式中,使用者可在使用者将缆线52与发生器60联接时手动选择其中发生器60将提供简单恒定AC电流的模式。另选地,缆线52的插入发生器60中的端部可包括EEPROM和/或其它特征结构,所述特征结构由发生器60来识别,使得发生器60在缆线52插入发生器60中时自动选择恒定AC电流输出模式。
如在图2中所示,本实例的电路70包括一对输入端72,74,所述一对输入端从缆线52通往环形变压器76,所述环形变压器接着通往一组四个二极管78。二极管78还与一对电容器80,82并联联接,包括滤波电容器80和去耦电容器82。进一步与电容器80,82并联的是包括限流电阻器84和LED86的串联。电路70在一对输出端90,92处终止,所述一对输出端在插头50与功率插座20完全联接时与控制模块12联接。当然,电路70的前述部件和布置只是示例性的。根据本文的教导内容,可以用于电路70的其它合适的部件和构型对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。本实例的电路70在大约6安培下提供大约12VDC的输出,然而应当理解,电路70可相反输出具有任何其它合适功率分布的功率。
虽然电路70在本实例中位于插头50中,但应当理解,电路70的至少一些部件(如果不是电路70的所有部件)可位于别处。仅以举例的方式,电路70的至少一些部件可位于沿着缆线52的长度的任何地方定位的模块中。此外或另选地,电路70的至少一些部件可位于缆线52的接收在发生器60的插座(未示出)中的相对端部处的插头(未示出)中。此外或另选地,电路70的至少一些部件可位于外科器械10中。
应当理解,发生器60可根据需要仅向插头50中的电路系统提供驱动功率,使得在尚未致动使用者输入件18的情况下器械10并不实际上接收驱动功率。然而,插头50中的电路系统和器械10可接收足够的功率来识别何时致动使用者输入件18。因此,当使用者输入件18事实上被致动时,插头50中的电路系统可向发生器60发送启动信号,发生器60可随后响应于所述启动信号向插头50和器械10提供驱动功率。当操作者释放使用者输入件18时或当电路系统另外识别到闲置状态时,插头50中的电路系统可向发生器60发送闲置信号,发生器60可随后响应于所述闲置信号返回到闲置模式。
还应当理解,可修改电路70,使得缆线52可直接插入常规AC壁装电源插座中,使得发生器60可在需要时简单地被省略。换句话讲,缆线52和插头50能够通过简单地将缆线52直接插入常规AC壁装电源插座中来向器械10提供合适的功率。此外,电路70可包括能够操作以基于器械10的类型并基于来自传感器16的数据等来执行控制算法的一个或多个控制模块。例如,此类控制模块可执行原本可在发生器60与常规有线型式的器械10联接时由发生器60执行的控制算法。此类控制算法可自动微调或以其他方式控制向器械10的功率输出,使得器械10未必只接收恒定DC功率信号。此外或另选地,此类控制模块可一体化到器械10中。
在一些情况下,外科器械10包括外科缝合和切割器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械10可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利7,416,101;美国公开2009/0209990;美国公开2012/0239012;和/或美国专利申请13/716,308。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。
作为另一个仅例示性实例,外科器械10可包括超声外科器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械10可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利5,322,055;美国专利5,873,873;美国专利5,980,510;美国专利6,325,811;美国专利6,783,524;美国公开2006/0079874;美国公开2007/0191713;美国公开2007/0282333;美国公开2008/0200940;美国公开2010/0069940;美国公开2011/0015660;美国公开2012/0112687;美国公开2012/0116265;和/或美国专利申请61/410,603。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
作为另一个仅例示性实例,外科器械10可包括电外科器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械10可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利6,500,176;美国专利7,112,201;美国专利7,125,409;美国专利7,169,146;美国专利7,186,253;美国专利7,189,233;美国专利7,220,951;美国专利7,309,849;美国专利7,311,709;美国专利7,354,440;美国专利7,381,209;美国公开2011/0087218;美国公开2012/0116379;美国公开2012/0078243;美国公开2012/0078247;美国专利申请13/622,729;美国专利申请13/622,735;和/或美国专利申请13/658,784。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。
在一些型式中,外科器械10可提供与超声外科器械和电外科器械两者相关联的功能。仅以举例的方式,外科器械10可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:2001年6月26日公布的名称为“Combined Radio Frequency and Ultrasonic SurgicalDevice”的美国专利6,251,110;和/或2011年1月20日公开的名称为“ImpedanceMonitoring Apparatus,System,and Method for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国公开2011/0015627。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。在一些此类型式中,与电外科器械相关联的其它功能仅在缆线52和插头50与器械10联接时添加,使得器械10在由电池40驱动时仅提供超声器械功能。相似地,使器械10与缆线52和插头50联接可更改一个或多个使用者输入件18的功能,使得使用者输入件18在缆线52和插头50与器械10联接时提供不同的响应(与器械10由电池40驱动时提供的响应相比)。例如,在器械10由电池40驱动时提供超声输出功能的一个使用者输入件18可相反在缆线52和插头50与器械10联接时提供电外科输出功能。
以下描述与器械10有关的上述教导内容可如何并入外科缝合器和超声外科器械中的若干仅例示性实例。根据本文的教导内容,其它合适的实例对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。相似地,根据本文的教导内容,可将与器械10有关的上述教导内容并入电外科器械的各种合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
A.具有可互换功率源选项的示例性外科缝合器
图3到图5示出外科器械10可采取的形式的仅例示性实例。具体地,图3到图5示出外科缝合器100,所述外科缝合器包括手持件110、端部执行器114和能够操作以选择性地致动端部执行器114的触发器118。本实例的手持件110包括手枪式握持部112,然而应当理解,可使用任何其它合适的构型。如图3所示,手持件110能够接收电池140。电池140能够操作以为手持件110中的马达(未示出)供电,所述手持件进一步能够操作以响应于操作者朝向手枪式握持部112挤压触发器118来驱动端部执行器114。仅以举例的方式,外科缝合器100可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造和/或能够操作:美国专利7,416,101;美国公开2009/0209990;美国公开2012/0239012;和/或美国专利申请13/716,308,所述美国专利和美国公开的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
如图4所示,电池140能够从手持件110选择性地移除,从而在手持件110的近侧端部处留下开放的功率插座120。仅以举例的方式,可使用一个或多个弹性偏置闩锁特征结构以将电池140选择性地固定在功率插座120内。如图5所示,插头150能够取代电池140装配在功率插座120中。具体地,本实例的插头150的大小和形状与电池140基本上相同;并且包括在电池140中存在的同类特征结构,以将插头150选择性地固定到手持件110。插头150包括一体式缆线152,所述一体式缆线与发生器60进一步联接。插头150可包括与上述电路系统70相同的电路系统,使得插头150最终能够操作以将原本由电池140递送的相同DC功率分布递送到外科器械100,尽管AC功率经由缆线152从发生器60传递到插头150。因此,应当理解,插头150、缆线152和发生器60一起用作电池140的替代物。
在示例性使用中,操作者在外科手术中可最初开始使用其中电池140如图3所示被插入的缝合器械100。在电池140的功率水平下降至低于临界水平的情况下,操作者可如图4所示从功率插座120移除电池140,然后如图5所示将插头150插入功率插座120中。操作者可随后在外科手术中继续使用缝合器械100。在操作者在特定外科手术期间期望重复使用缝合器械100并持续一段延长时间的情况下,操作者可简单地将插头150插入功率插座120中来开始进行手术,而完全不使用电池140。根据本文的教导内容,缝合器械100可选择性地与电池140和/或插头150一起使用的其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
B.具有可互换功率源选项的示例性超声外科器械
图6和图8示出外科器械10可采取的形式的另一个仅例示性实例。具体地,图6和图8示出包括手持件210的超声外科器械200,所述手持件能够操作以与模块化轴组件和端部执行器(未示出)选择性地联接。仅以举例的方式,此类选择性联接和模块性可根据本文的教导内容中的至少一些和/或以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些来提供:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Modular Shaft and End Effector”的美国公开2012/0116388,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“SurgicalInstrument with Pivoting Coupling to Modular Shaft and End Effector”的美国公开2012/0116394,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Modular Shaft and Transducer”的美国公开2012/0116395,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“SurgicalInstrument with Motorized Attachment Feature”的美国公开2012/0116260,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument Handpiecewith Resiliently Biased Coupling to Modular Shaft and End Effector”的美国公开2012/0116363,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“SurgicalInstrument Shaft with Resiliently Biased Coupling to Handpiece”的美国公开2012/0116389,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“SurgicalInstrument with Modular End Effector”的美国公开2012/0116396,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Surgical Instrument with Modular EndEffector and Detection Feature”的美国公开2012/0116266,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2011年10月10日提交的名称为“Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument with ModularEnd Effector”的美国专利申请13/269,899,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年3月22日提交的名称为“Method and Apparatus for Programming Modular SurgicalInstrument”的美国专利申请13/426,760,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或2012年5月31日提交的名称为“Loading Cartridge for Surgical Instrument End Effector”的美国专利申请13/484,547,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。根据本文的教导内容,手持件210可与轴组件和端部执行器选择性地联接的其他合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
本实例的手持件210包括手枪式握持部212、触发器218和按钮219。触发器218能够操作以机械地驱动位于与手持件210联接的轴组件的远侧端部处的端部执行器的夹紧特征结构。按钮219能够操作以选择性地启动手持件210内的超声换能器224,从而驱动位于与手持件210联接的轴组件的远侧端部处的端部执行器的超声刀。手枪式握持部212限定能够接收电池240的功率插座220。手枪式握持部212还包括能够操作以完全闭合功率插座220内的电池240的枢转门226。电池240能够操作以为手持件210中的超声换能器224供电,从而在操作者压下按钮219时驱动位于与手持件210联接的轴组件的远侧端部处的端部执行器的超声刀。仅以举例的方式,当轴组件和端部执行器与手持件210联接时,超声外科器械200可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造和/或能够操作:美国专利5,322,055;美国专利5,873,873;美国专利5,980,510;美国专利6,325,811;美国专利6,783,524;美国公开2006/0079874;美国公开2007/0191713;美国公开2007/0282333;美国公开2008/0200940;美国公开2010/0069940;美国公开2011/0015660;美国公开2012/0112687;美国公开2012/0116265;和/或美国专利申请61/410,603,所述美国专利和所述美国公开的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
在本实例中,电池引导件280用于将电池240引导入功率插座220中。电池引导件280包括通道282和外壁284,电池240可穿过通道282,外壁284可由临床医生抓持以使电池引导件280抵靠手枪式握持部212的底部保持在适当位置。如在图7中最佳所见,通道282由内壁286限定,所述内壁成角度以有助于接收电池240并将电池240引导成与功率插座220对准。如在图7中另外所见,电池引导件280包括内凹槽,所述内凹槽能够在电池引导件280被保持抵靠手枪式握持部212的底部时容纳处于打开位置的枢转门226。根据本文的教导内容,电池引导件280的其它合适的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
还应当理解,电池引导件280可用作电池240与手持件210的外部之间的无菌阻隔件。具体地,在一些情况下,手持件210和电池引导件280是无菌的,而电池240则不是无菌的。手上无菌的一个或多个临床医生可使电池引导件280保持抵靠手枪式握持部212的底部。手上有菌的临床医生可随后将电池240穿过通道282插入功率插座220中。手上无菌的临床医生可随后闭合电池240后的门226。因此,此临床医生的手保持无菌,并且电池240未破坏手持件210的无菌性,因为电池引导件280用作引导件来将电池240直接定位到功率插座220中。电池引导件280可在单次使用后废弃;或者可经过杀菌以供后续使用。当然,电池引导件280仅仅是可选的,并且如果需要,可简单地被省略。仅以举例的方式,电池240可根据以下专利中的一个或多个的教导内容中的至少一些进行处理:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Power Source Management for Medical Device”的美国公开2012/0115005,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2012年5月10日公开的名称为“Medical Device with Featurefor Sterile Acceptance of Non-Sterile Reusable Component”的美国公开2012/0110810,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或2012年5月10日公开的名称为“RechargeSystem for Medical Devices”的美国公开2012/0112687,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
如图8所示,插头250能够取代电池240穿过通道282装配到功率插座220中。具体地,本实例的插头250的大小和形状与电池240基本上相同。插头250包括一体式缆线252,所述一体式缆线与发生器60进一步联接。插头250可包括与上述电路系统70相同的电路系统,使得插头250最终能够操作以将原本由电池240递送的相同DC功率分布递送到外科器械200,尽管AC功率经由缆线252从发生器60传递到插头250。因此,应当理解,插头250、缆线252和发生器60一起用作电池240的替代物。
在示例性使用中,操作者在外科手术中可最初开始使用其中电池240被插入在功率插座220中的超声外科器械200。在电池240的功率水平下降至低于临界水平的情况下,操作者可从功率插座220移除电池240,并且随后如图8所示经由引导件280将插头250插入功率插座220。操作者可随后在外科手术中继续使用超声外科器械200。在操作者在特定外科手术期间期望重复使用超声外科器械200并且持续一段延长时间的情况下,操作者可简单地将插头250插入功率插座220中开始进行手术,而完全不使用电池240。根据本文的教导内容,超声外科器械200可选择性地与电池240和/或插头250一起使用的其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图9示出可用作外科器械10的变型的超声外科器械300的另一个仅例示性实例。在本实例中,超声外科器械300包括手持件310,该手持件与上述手持件210相似,其能够操作以与模块化轴组件和端部执行器(未示出)选择性地联接。本实例的手持件310包括局部手枪式握持部312、触发器318和按钮319。本实例的触发器318和按钮319与上述触发器218和按钮219基本上相同。
局部手枪式握持部312能够与插头350联接,所述插头限定整个手枪式握持部的剩余部分和局部手枪式握持部312。因此,当操作者抓持手持件310时,操作者将抓持局部手枪式握持部312和插头350。另选地,局部手枪式握持部312可与电池(未示出)联接,所述电池限定整个手枪式握持部的剩余部分和局部手枪式握持部312,使得在操作者抓持手持件310时,操作者将抓持局部手枪式握持部312和电池两者。插头350包括一体式缆线352,该一体式缆线在与发生器60联接的发生器插头354中终止。插头350可包括与上述电路系统70相同的电路系统,使得插头350最终能够操作以将原本由电池递送的相同DC功率分布递送到外科器械300,尽管AC功率经由缆线352从发生器60传递到插头350。因此,应当理解,插头350、缆线352和发生器60一起用作电池的替代物。
图10显示可用作外科器械10的变型的超声外科器械400的另一个仅例示性实例。在本实例中,超声外科器械400包括手持件410,所述手持件与上述手持件210相似,能够操作以选择性地联接模块化轴组件和端部执行器(未示出)。本实例的手持件410包括触发器418和按钮419。本实例的触发器418和按钮419与上述触发器218和按钮219基本上相同。
手持件410能够与插头450联接,所述插头限定手持件410的包括手枪式握持部451的剩余部分。因此,当操作者抓紧手持件410时,操作者将抓紧插头450。另选地,手持件410可与电池(未示出)联接,所述电池限定手枪式握持部,使得在操作者抓紧手持件410时操作者将抓紧所述电池。插头450包括一体式缆线452,该一体式缆线在与发生器60联接的发生器插头454中终止。插头450可包括与上述电路系统70相同的电路系统,使得插头450最终能够操作以将原本由电池递送的相同DC功率分布递送到外科器械400,尽管AC功率经由缆线452从发生器60传递到插头450。因此,应当理解,插头450、缆线452和发生器60一起用作电池的替代物。
根据本文的教导内容,可将器械10的原理应用于外科缝合器械、超声外科器械、电外科器械和各种其它类型的器械的另一些其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
II.具有一体式功率源补充功率线的示例性外科器械
在一些情况下,器械操作者在外科手术期间无法从器械移除电池或者只是不希望在外科手术期间从器械移除电池。例如,当电池的功率水平降至低于可接受的水平时,操作者可能希望快速地转换到有线功率以避免断开电池或等待给电池充电。这可能是由于所感知到的时间约束、无菌性问题、或电池不可移除或相对难以移除。因此,可期望在一些情况下,提供一种下述器械:所述器械能够至少初始在电池供电时运行;但是能够可选择性地利用有线功率运行而无需从所述器械移除电池。在操作者往往只是更喜欢通过线而不是电池提供功率的情况下,不管电池中存在的功率水平如何,期望的是使操作者能够根据其喜好选择有线功率而不是电池功率。图11示出能够利用电池功率或有线功率操作的示例性外科器械500,其无需移除电池便能够利用有线功率操作。
本实例的外科器械500在许多方面与外科器械10基本上相同。例如,本实例的外科器械500包括控制模块512、端部执行器514、传感器516、使用者输入件518和一体式电池540。端部执行器514、传感器516、使用者输入件518和电池540均经由线522与控制模块512连通。控制模块512因此能够操作以接收来自端部执行器514、传感器516、使用者输入件518和/或电池540的输入(例如,功率、数据等);并且能够操作以基于一种或多种控制算法并基于从传感器516和/或使用者输入件518接收的输入来驱动端部执行器514。控制模块512可包括微处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、存储器、印刷电路板(PCB)、存储装置(诸如固态驱动器或硬盘)、固件、软件、和/或各种其它合适的部件,根据本文的教导内容,这对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。线522可包括任何合适的常规布线、刚性电路板或柔性电路中的迹线、和/或能够操作以传递电功率和/或数据/信号的任何其它合适的部件。
端部执行器514可包括能够操作以操纵组织的各种特征结构。仅以举例的方式,端部执行器514可包括:能够操作以抓紧组织的一个或多个可动钳口、组织切割特征结构(例如,平移刀片)、能够操作以切断组织的一组钉和钉驱动器、能够操作以通过对组织施加超声能量来改变组织中的蛋白质的性质的超声刀、能够操作以向组织提供RF能量(例如,双极或单极)的一个或多个电极、和/或任何其它合适的特征结构,根据本文的教导内容,所述特征结构对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。本实例的端部执行器514包括主动特征结构,诸如超声刀、一对夹紧钳口、锋利刀、钉驱动组件、单极RF电极、一对双极RF电极、加热元件、和/或可由电功率驱动的各种其它部件。在一些情况下,端部执行器514可从外科器械500的其余部分移除,以用于维护、测试、更换或任何其它目的,根据本文的教导内容,这对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。还应当理解,外科器械500能够接受各种端部执行器514以执行不同类型的活动。例如,外科器械500可接受可移除缝合端部执行器514,其可被移除并且更换为电外科端部执行器514,该电外科端部执行器可被移除并且被更换为超声端部执行器514,等等。
本实例的传感器516能够操作以提供各种信息以在手术期间控制模块512。仅以举例的方式,此类构型可包括感测端部执行器514处的温度或者确定端部执行器514的摆动速率。来自传感器516的数据可由控制模块512处理以实现向端部执行器514递送功率(例如,在反馈环路等中)。可根据外科器械500的目的来提供各种其它构型的传感器516,根据本文的教导内容,这对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。根据本文的教导内容,传感器516的各种合适的用途和传感器516可采取的各种形式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。当然,正如本文所述的其它部件,外科器械500可具有多于一个传感器516;或者如果需要,可简单地省略传感器516。
触发器518能够选择性地从功率源540,560向端部执行器514(和/或外科器械500的一些其它部件)提供功率,以在执行手术时启动外科器械500。仅以举例的方式,触发器518可包括一个或多个推钮、一个或多个枢转触发器、一个或多个滑块、一个或多个旋钮、和/或其变型和组合。根据本文的教导内容,触发器518可采取的其它合适的形式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
在本实例中,电池540完全一体化到外科器械500中,使得电池540不能够从外科器械500移除(例如,至少不能够在不破坏器械500的情况下移除)。在一些其它实例中,电池540能够从外科器械500移除。例如,外科器械500可具有与上述功率插座20相似的插座。根据本文的教导内容,其它合适的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。电池540可包括一包一个或多个镍氢电池、锂离子电池(例如,棱柱状电池型锂离子电池等)、镍镉电池、或任何其它类型的便携式功率源,根据本文的教导内容,这对本领域的普通技术人员会是显而易见的。电池540可根据需要为可再充电的或不可再充电的。电池540能够操作以向控制模块512和端部执行器514提供足够的功率以执行外科手术的至少一部分。
本实例的插头550与一体式缆线552联接,该一体式缆线进一步与上述同类型发生器60可移除地联接。发生器60能够操作以通过缆线552向插头550传递电功率,从而为外科器械500供电。还应当理解,缆线552和插头50还能够操作以在外科器械500与发生器60之间提供数据和/或命令等的单向或双向传递,正如以上针对器械10所述的传递一样。相似地,器械500能够提供与发生器60和/或与其它装备的无线通信,正如以上针对器械10所述的无线通信一样。插头550也包括电路570,所述电路与上述电路70基本上相同,使得插头550能够操作以对来自发生器60的AC功率进行整流,从而向器械500提供DC功率。
如图所示,插头550能够操作以与控制模块512和/或电池540联接。在一些型式中,插头550被接收在直接接线到控制模块512的插座中。另选地,插头550可被接收在直接接线到电池540的插座中。作为另一个仅例示性实例,插头550可被接收在直接接线到控制模块512和电池540两者的插座中。在一些型式中,当插头550与器械500联接时,通过共用切换绕过电池540,使得插头550向器械500提供全部操作功率。应当理解,除了向器械500提供全部操作功率使得器械500完全能够由通过插头550提供的电功率操作之外,插头550还能够操作以在插头550与器械500联接时对电池540充电。插头550、缆线552和发生器60可因此作为器械500的主要电功率源和作为电池540的再充电装备来共同发挥双重作用。在一些型式中,这两个作用可同时发挥。在一些其它型式中,当插头550、缆线552和发生器60未被主动地用作器械500的主要电功率源时,插头550、缆线552和发生器60仅发挥充电器的作用。例如,当端部执行器514闲置时,插头550、缆线552和发生器60可作为电池540的充电器发挥作用。作为另一个仅例示性实例,插头550、缆线552和发生器60可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些作为电池540的充电器发挥作用:2012年5月10日公开的名称为“SterileMedical Instrument Charging Device”的美国公开2012/0116380,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。甚至在其中发生器60能够操作以经由缆线552和插头550提供再充电能力的型式中,缆线552能够插入单独再充电装置(例如,能够在外科器械500在外科手术中完成使用时使发生器60空出来用于一些其它用途等)。当然,电池540的一些型式可为不可再充电的,从而使得插头550、缆线552和发生器60仅用作用于器械500操作的替代功率源和/或补充功率源,而不再另外提供某种再充电功能。根据本文的教导内容,其他合适的构型和可操作性对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
在一些情况下,外科器械500包括外科缝合和切割器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械500可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利7,416,101;美国公开2009/0209990;美国公开2012/0239012;和/或美国专利申请13/716,308。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。
作为另一个仅例示性实例,外科器械500可包括超声外科器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械500可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利5,322,055;美国专利5,873,873;美国专利5,980,510;美国专利6,325,811;美国专利6,783,524;美国公开2006/0079874;美国公开2007/0191713;美国公开2007/0282333;美国公开2008/0200940;美国公开2010/0069940;美国公开2011/0015660;美国公开2012/0112687;美国公开2012/0116265;和/或美国专利申请61/410,603。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。
图12示出外科器械500可在超声外科器械600中所采取的形式的仅例示性实例。在本实例中,超声外科器械600包括手持件610,该手持件与上述手持件210相似,其能够操作以与模块化轴组件和端部执行器(未示出)选择性地联接。本实例的手持件610包括手枪式握持部612、触发器618和按钮619。本实例的触发器618和按钮619与上述触发器218和按钮219基本上相同。手枪式握持部612在本实例中容纳一体式电池640。手枪式握持部612包括能够操作以接收插头650的插座620。插头650包括一体式缆线652,该一体式缆线在与发生器60联接的发生器插头654中终止。插头650可包括与上述电路系统70相同的电路系统,使得插头650最终能够操作以将原本由电池640递送的相同DC功率分布递送到外科器械600,尽管AC功率经由缆线652从发生器60传递到插头650。因此,应当理解,插头650、缆线652和发生器60可一起用作电池640的替代物。此外或另选地,插头650、缆线652和发生器60可一起用作电池640的充电器。
作为另一个仅例示性实例,外科器械500可包括电外科器械。仅以举例的方式,外科器械500可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利6,500,176;美国专利7,112,201;美国专利7,125,409;美国专利7,169,146;美国专利7,186,253;美国专利7,189,233;美国专利7,220,951;美国专利7,309,849;美国专利7,311,709;美国专利7,354,440;美国专利7,381,209;美国公开2011/0087218;美国公开2012/0116379;美国公开2012/0078243;美国公开2012/0078247;美国专利申请13/622,729;美国专利申请13/622,735;和/或美国专利申请13/658,784号前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。
在一些型式中,外科器械500可提供与超声外科器械和电外科器械两者相关联的功能。仅以举例的方式,外科器械500可根据以下专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:2001年6月26日公布的名称为“Combined Radio Frequency and Ultrasonic SurgicalDevice”的美国专利6,251,110;和/或2011年1月20日公开的名称为“ImpedanceMonitoring Apparatus,System,and Method for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国公开2011/0015627。前述参考文献中的每一个的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。在一些此类型式中,与电外科器械相关联的附加功能仅在缆线552和插头550与器械500联接时添加,使得器械500在仅由电池540驱动时提供超声器械功能。相似地,使器械500与缆线552和插头550联接可更改一个或多个使用者输入件518的功能,使得使用者输入件518在缆线552和插头550与器械500联接时提供不同的响应(与器械500仅由电池540驱动时提供的响应相比)。例如,在器械500仅由电池540驱动时往往提供超声输出功能的一个使用者输入件518可在缆线552和插头550与器械500联接时转而提供电外科输出功能。
根据本文的教导内容,可将器械500的原理应用于外科缝合器械、超声外科器械、电外科器械和各种其它类型的器械的另一些其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
III.示例性另选插头组件
图13描绘了可用于取代上述插头50,500的示例性另选插头组件700。除下文所述之外,应当理解,插头组件700可根据以上针对插头50,500所述的教导内容进行配置和/或操作。本实例的插头组件700包括第一插头外壳702和第二插头外壳704。在一些其它型式中,相反地,使用单个插头外壳。本实例的插头外壳704被配置成类似于电池40的外壳,使得插头外壳704正如电池40一样被可移除地接收在插座20中。插头外壳702也被配置成类似于电池40的外壳,但这当然是可选的。约束特征结构706相对于器械10可移除地固定插头组件700。仅以举例的方式,约束特征结构706可包括弹性闩锁、夹子、夹紧器、和/或任何其它合适的结构。接触和支撑特征结构708提供插头组件700相对于器械10的结构性支撑;和与器械10的电连续性。根据本文的教导内容,接触和支撑特征结构708可采取的各种合适的形式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
插头外壳704也容纳与接触和支撑特征结构708电连通的印刷电路板710。插头外壳702容纳与印刷电路板710电连通的变压器712。变压器712可被配置成类似于上述变压器76。在一些型式中,印刷电路板710包括与上述电路70的剩余部件相似的部件。因此,应当理解,插头组件700可包括与上述电路70相同的部件、和/或根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的其他部件。还应当理解,此类部件可根据需要在两个外壳702,704中的任一个中进行分配。
缆线714从外壳702延伸并且与变压器76电连通。插头718位于缆线714的相对端部处,并且能够插入发生器60的对应插座中。LED指示器716在本实例中也定位在外壳702上。LED指示器716能够操作以选择性地照亮从而指示插头组件700的操作状态。仅以举例的方式,LED指示器716可照亮以指示发生器60与器械10之间的成功联接。此外或另选地,LED指示器716可闪光以指示经由端部执行器14向组织递送功率。LED指示器716可提供多种闪光图案以指示多种操作状态、故障状态等。相似地,LED指示器716可以不同颜色照亮以指示不同状态。根据本文的教导内容,可通过LED指示器716提供的使用者反馈的各种合适的形式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。相似地,根据本文的教导内容,可用于另外或代替LED指示器716向使用者提供音频和/或视觉反馈的其它合适类型的特征结构对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
IV.具有模块化轴组件的示例性外科器械
本文所述任何型式的外科器械10(或外科器械10的其它型式)能够具有模块化端部执行器或轴组件。例如,外科器械10可具有手持件或可移除地接收各种轴组件的其它类型的主体。此类各种轴组件可包括具有组织缝合特征结构、超声刀、RF能量电极、外科夹具施加特征结构等的那些,使得外科医生在各种外科模态下使用同一手持件操作时对轴组件的选择呈现出多个选项。手持件可包括能够操作以驱动轴组件的各种端部执行器的特征结构。在一些情况下,轴组件可在同一外科手术期间在同一手持件之间进行互换。还应当理解,如果需要,手持件可被提供成可重复使用的部件,而轴组件被提供成一次性部件。
在下述专利中描述了具有模块化端部执行器或轴组件的外科器械的各种实例:美国公开2012/0116388,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116394,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116395,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116260,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116363,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116389,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116396,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国公开2012/0116266,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国专利申请13/269,899,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;美国专利申请13/426,760,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;和/或美国专利申请13/484,547,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。在下文中将更详细地描述外科器械10可如何结合模块化端部轴组件的其它实例;而根据本文的教导内容,其它实例对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。应当理解,下文的教导内容可容易与本文的任何其它教导内容和/或本文所引用的多个参考文献中的各种教导内容组合。
图14示出能够与下文所述各种示例性轴组件(包括但不限于轴组件1100,1200,1300)联接的示例性手持件1000。手持件1000包括限定手枪式握持部1004和轴插座1006的外壳1002。虽然在本实例中手枪式握持部1004由手持件1000提供,但应当理解,可提供任何其它合适类型的握持部。轴插座1006能够接收轴组件的互补控制接口特征结构。手持件1000还包括能够操作以经由轴插座1006驱动轴组件的各种驱动特征结构,诸如电驱动特征结构(例如,线、电池等)、超声驱动特征结构(例如,超声换能器等)、机械驱动特征结构(例如,齿轮、马达等)等。然而,在本实例中,手持件1000不包括能够操作以启动手持件1000中的驱动特征结构的使用者输入特征结构。相反,这些驱动特征结构由与手持件1000联接的轴组件提供。这可避免在手持件1000上具有闲散控制特征结构的可能性,并且可促进对具有尚未设想到的使用者输入特征结构的轴组件的接受。
图15示出与手持件1000可移除地联接的仅示例性轴组件1100。轴组件1100包括被配置用于接收在手持件1000的插座1006中的控制接口特征结构1102。轴组件1100还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1104和能够操作以使轴1104旋转的可选旋钮1105。轴1104的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1000内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1006、控制接口特征结构1102和轴1104传递。
本实例的轴组件1100还包括第一启动按钮1106和第二启动按钮1008。启动按钮1106,1108被定位用于由抓持手枪式握持部1004的同一只手的手指接合。启动按钮1106,1108能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1000中的驱动特征结构。仅以举例的方式,启动按钮1106可启动手持件1000以在高功率水平下驱动轴1104的远侧端部处的超声刀;而启动按钮1108可启动手持件以在低功率水平下驱动同一超声刀。根据本文的教导内容,可由启动按钮1106,1108触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图16示出与手持件1000可移除地联接的另一个示例性轴组件1200。轴组件1200包括被配置用于接收在手持件1000的插座1006中的控制接口特征结构1202。轴组件1200还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1204和能够操作以使轴1204旋转的可选旋钮1205。轴1204的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1000内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1006、控制接合部特征结构1202和轴1204传递。
本实例的轴组件1200还包括能够围绕轴线A1旋转的控制盘1206。控制盘1206被定位用于由抓持手枪式握持部1004的同一只手的手指接合。控制盘1206能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1000中的驱动特征结构。仅以举例的方式,轴1204可包括能够操作以使端部执行器选择性地侧向偏转远离轴1204的纵向轴线的关节运动节段。手持件1000可包括能够操作以响应于控制盘1206的旋转来驱动此关节运动的驱动特征结构。根据本文的教导内容,可由控制盘1206触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图17示出与手持件1000可移除地联接的另一个示例性轴组件1300。轴组件1300包括被配置用于接收在手持件1000的插座1006中的控制接口特征结构1302。轴组件1300还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1304和能够操作以使轴1304旋转的可选旋钮1305。轴1304的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1000内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1006、控制接口特征结构1302和轴1304传递。
本实例的轴组件1300还包括枢转触发器1306和启动按钮1308。触发器1306和按钮1308能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1000中的驱动特征结构。仅以举例的方式,轴1304的远侧端部处的端部执行器可包括夹紧钳口和RF电极,该RF电极能够操作以向夹紧在所述钳口之间的组织施加双极RF能量。在一些此类型式中,触发器1306可启动手持件1000以将钳口驱动到闭合位置;而按钮1308可启动手持件1000以向钳口的电极提供RF能量。根据本文的教导内容,可由触发器1306和启动按钮1308触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图18示出能够与下文所述各种示例性轴组件(包括但不限于轴组件1500,1600)联接的另一个示例性手持件1400。手持件1400包括限定手枪式握持部1404和轴插座1406的外壳1402。虽然在本实例中手枪式握持部1404是由手持件1400提供,但应当理解,可提供任何其它合适类型的握持部。轴插座1406能够接收轴组件的互补控制接口特征结构。手持件1400还包括能够操作以经由轴插座1406驱动轴组件的各种驱动特征结构,诸如电驱动特征结构(例如,线、电池等)、超声驱动特征结构(例如,超声换能器等)、机械驱动特征结构(例如,齿轮、马达等)等。另外,手持件1400包括第一启动按钮1408和第二启动按钮1410,所述第一启动按钮和所述第二启动按钮中的每一个均能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1400中的对应驱动特征结构。本实例的手持件1400还包括与所附接轴组件的控制输入件相关联的控制区1420。为所附接轴组件的控制输入件提供此类一致的位置可使器械的操作对操作者更为直观和熟悉。当然,控制区1420的设计仅是可选的。
图19示出与手持件1400可移除地联接的仅示例性轴组件1500。轴组件1500包括被配置用于接收在手持件1000的插座1406中的控制接口特征结构1502。轴组件1500还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1504和能够操作以使轴1504旋转的可选旋钮1505。轴1504的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1400内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1406、控制接口特征结构1502和轴1504传递。
在本实例中,轴1504还包括关节运动节段,所述关节运动节段能够操作以使端部执行器选择性地侧向偏转远离轴1504的纵向轴线。此关节运动由轴组件1500的环1506控制。环1506包括第一侧向延伸桨叶1508和第二侧向延伸桨叶1510。环1506能够围绕轴1504的纵向轴线旋转以启动关节运动。具体地,当环1506围绕轴1504的纵向轴线在第一成角方向上旋转(例如,顺时针)时,手持件1400中的驱动特征结构驱动端部执行器在第一侧向方向上偏转远离轴1504的纵向轴线(例如,偏转到右侧)。当环1506围绕轴1504的纵向轴线在相反的成角方向上旋转(例如,逆时针)时,手持件1400中的驱动特征结构驱动端部执行器在第二侧向方向上偏转远离轴1504的纵向轴线(例如,偏转到左侧)。桨叶1508,1510被定位在控制区1420处,使得操作者可使用抓持手枪式握持部1404的同一只手来利用桨叶1508,1510使环1506旋转。根据本文的教导内容,可由环1506触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图20示出与手持件1400可移除地联接的另一个仅示例性轴组件1600。轴组件1600包括被配置用于接收在手持件1000的插座1406中的控制接口特征结构1602。轴组件1600还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1604和能够操作以使轴1604旋转的可选旋钮1605。轴1604的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1400内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1406、控制接口特征结构1602和轴1604传递。
在本实例中,轴1604还包括关节运动节段,该关节运动节段能够操作以使端部执行器选择性地侧向偏转远离轴1604的纵向轴线。此关节运动由轴组件1610的按钮1608,1610控制。按钮1608,1610被定位在固定到环1606的相对臂1609的自由端部处。在本实例中,环1606是不可旋转的,但应当理解,环1606可在其它型式中是可旋转的以提供另一种形式的使用者输入件来驱动端部执行器等。按钮1608,1610能够向内按下并且被定位在控制区1420处,使得操作者可使用抓持手枪式握持部1404的同一只手来按下按钮1608,1610。当按下按钮1608时,手持件中的驱动特征结构(手持件1400中的驱动特征结构)驱动端部执行器在第一侧向方向上偏转远离轴1504的纵向轴线(例如,偏转到左侧)。当按下按钮1610时,手持件中的驱动特征结构(手持件1400中的驱动特征结构)驱动端部执行器在第二侧向方向上偏转远离轴1504的纵向轴线(例如,偏转到右侧)。在一些其它型式中,一个臂1609的端部处的两个按钮1608,1610能够操作以使端部执行器在第一侧向方向上进行关节运动;而另一个臂1609的端部处的按钮1608,1610能够操作以使端部执行器在第二侧向方向上进行关节运动。根据本文的教导内容,可由按钮1608,1610触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图21示出能够与下文所述各种示例性轴组件(包括但不限于轴组件1800,1900,2000)联接的另一个示例性手持件1700。手持件1700包括限定手枪式握持部1704和轴插座1706的外壳1702。虽然在本实例中手枪式握持部1704由手持件1700提供,但应当理解,可提供任何其它合适类型的握持部。轴插座1706能够接收轴组件的互补控制接口特征结构。手持件1700还包括能够操作以经由轴插座1706驱动轴组件的各种驱动特征结构,诸如电驱动特征结构(例如,线、电池等)、超声驱动特征结构(例如,超声换能器等)、机械驱动特征结构(例如,齿轮、马达等)等。另外,手持件1700包括第一启动按钮1708和第二启动按钮1710,所述第一启动按钮和所述第二启动按钮中的每一个均能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1700中的对应驱动特征结构。本实例的手持件1400还包括与所附接轴组件的控制输入件相关联的控制区1720。为所附接轴组件的控制输入件提供此一致的位置可使器械的操作对操作者更为直观和熟悉。当然,控制区1720的设计仅是可选的。
图22示出与手持件1700联接的一个仅示例性轴组件1800。轴组件1800包括设置在手持件1700的插座1706中的控制接口特征结构(未示出)。轴组件1800还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1804和能够操作以使轴1804旋转的可选旋钮1805。轴1804的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1700内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1706、轴组件1800的控制接口特征结构和轴1804传递。
本实例的轴组件1800还包括枢转触发器1806。触发器1806能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1700中的驱动特征结构。仅以举例的方式,轴1804的远侧端部处的端部执行器可包括夹紧钳口和RF电极,该RF电极能够操作以向夹紧在钳口之间的组织施加双极RF能量。在一些此类型式中,触发器1806可启动手持件1700以将钳口驱动到闭合位置;而按钮1708,1710中的一个或两个可启动手持件1700以向钳口的电极提供RF能量。触发器1806被定位在控制区1720处,使得操作者可使用抓持手枪式握持部1704的同一只手来枢转触发器1806。根据本文的教导内容,可由触发器1806触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图23示出与手持件1700联接的另一个仅示例性轴组件1900。轴组件1900包括设置在手持件1700的插座1706中的控制接口特征结构(未示出)。轴组件1900还包括朝远侧延伸的轴1904和能够操作以使轴1904旋转的可选旋钮1905。轴1904的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1700内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1706、轴组件1900的控制接口特征结构和轴1904传递。
本实例的轴组件1900还包括能够围绕轴线A2枢转的枢转桨叶1906。桨叶1906能够操作以选择性地启动手持件1700中的驱动特征结构。仅以举例的方式,轴1904可包括能够操作以使端部执行器选择性地侧向偏转远离轴1904的纵向轴线的关节运动节段。手持件1700可包括能够操作以响应于桨叶1906的枢转来驱动此类关节运动的驱动特征结构。桨叶1906被定位在控制区1720处,使得操作者可使用抓持手枪式握持部1704的同一只手来枢转桨叶1906。根据本文的教导内容,可由桨叶1906触发的其它合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
图24示出与手持件1700联接的另一个仅示例性轴组件2000。轴组件2000包括设置在手持件1700的插座1706中的控制接口特征结构(未示出)。轴组件2000还包括朝远侧延伸的轴2004和能够操作以使轴2004旋转的可选旋钮2005。轴2004的远侧端部处的端部执行器(未示出)可包括多个部件,包括但不限于缝合组件、超声刀、RF电极等。端部执行器的部件可由手持件1700内的驱动特征结构来驱动,其中电/声学/机械/等致动通过插座1706、轴组件2000的控制接口特征结构和轴2004传递。本实例的轴组件2000还包括位于臂2008的近侧端部处的启动按钮2006。按钮2006能够操作以启动手持件中的驱动特征结构从而选择性地驱动轴2004远侧端部处的端部执行器中的元件。根据本文的教导内容,可由按钮2006触发的各种合适的响应对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。还应当理解,按钮2006在本实例中就定位在控制区1720的近侧,使得操作者可使用抓持手枪式握持部1704的同一只手来按下按钮2006。
V.杂项
在本文所述任一实例中,应当理解,可使用脚踏开关来选择性地启动外科器械的一个或多个特征结构。仅以举例的方式,此类脚踏开关可与发生器60直接联接。脚踏开关可使操作者能够简单地通过致动该脚踏开关来选择性地启动外科器械的一个或多个特征结构。此外或另选地,操作者可能需要致动外科器械上的一个或多个使用者输入特征结构并且同时致动脚踏开关以选择性地启动外科器械的一个或多个特征结构。可将脚踏开关与本文的教导内容结合的各种其它合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
应当理解,本文所述的任何型式的外科器械可包括除上述那些之外或代替上述那些的各种其他特征结构。仅以举例的方式,本文所述的任何装置还可包括以引用方式并入本文的各种参考文献中的任何一个中公开的各种特征结构中的一种或多种。还应当理解,本文的教导内容可以容易地应用于本文所引用的任何参考文献中所述的任何器械,使得本文的教导内容可以容易地以多种方式与本文所引用的任何参考文献中的教导内容组合。本文的教导内容可被并入其中的其它类型的器械对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
相似地,应当理解,本文所述的教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个可与本文所述的其他教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个组合。上述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等不应视为相对于彼此独立。根据本文的教导内容,可组合本文的教导内容的各种合适的方式对于本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。此类修改和变型旨在包括在权利要求书的范围内。
还应当理解,所述以引用方式并入本文的任何专利、公开或其他公开材料(全文或部分)仅在所并入材料与本公开中所述的定义、陈述或者其它公开材料不冲突的程度下并入本文。同样地,并且在必要的程度下,本文明确阐述的公开内容取代以引用方式并入本文的任何冲突材料。以引用方式并入本文但与本文所述的现有定义、陈述或其它公开材料相冲突的任何材料或其部分,将仅在所并入的材料和现有的公开材料之间不产生冲突的程度下并入本文。
上文所述装置的型式可应用在由医疗专业人员进行的常规医疗处理和手术中、以及可应用在机器人辅助的医疗处理和手术中。仅以举例的方式,本文的各种教导内容可容易地并入机器人外科系统,诸如由Intuitive Surgical,Inc.(Sunnyvale,California)提供的DAVINCITM系统。相似地,本领域的普通技术人员将认识到,本文的各种教导内容可容易地与下述专利的各种教导内容组合:2004年8月31日公开的名称为“Robotic SurgicalTool with Ultrasound Cauterizing and Cutting Instrument”的美国专利6,783,524,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
上文所述型式可被设计成在单次使用后废弃,或者其可被设计成能够使用多次。在任一种或两种情况下,均可对各种型式进行修复,以便在至少一次使用后再使用。修复可包括以下步骤的任意组合:拆卸装置、然后清洗或更换特定零件和随后进行重新组装。具体地讲,可拆卸一些型式的所述装置,并且可选择性地以任何组合形式来更换或移除所述装置的任意数量的特定零件或部分。在清洗和/或更换特定部分时,所述装置的一些型式可在修复设施处重新组装或者在即将进行手术前由使用者重新组装以供随后使用。本领域的技术人员将会了解,装置修复可利用各种技术进行拆卸、清洗/更换和重新组装。这些技术的使用和所得重新修复的装置均在本申请的范围内。
仅以举例的方式,本文所述型式可在手术之前和/或之后进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中,将装置放置在闭合并密封的容器中,诸如塑料袋或TYVEK袋。然后可将容器和装置放置在可穿透所述容器的辐射场中,诸如γ辐射、X射线或高能电子。辐射可将装置上和容器中的细菌杀死。杀菌后的装置随后可存储在无菌容器中,以供以后使用。还可使用本领域已知的任何其它技术对装置进行杀菌,包括但不限于β辐射或γ辐射、环氧乙烷或蒸汽。
上文已经显示和描述了本发明的各种实施例,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,可通过由本领域的普通技术人员进行适当修改来实现本文所述方法和系统的进一步改动。已经提及了若干此类可能的修改形式,并且其它修改形式对于本领域的技术人员将是显而易见的。例如,上文所讨论的实例、实施例、几何形状、材料、尺寸、比率、步骤等均是例示性的而非所要求的。因此,本发明的范围应根据以下权利要求书来考虑,并且应理解为不限于说明书和附图中示出和描述的结构和操作细节。

Claims (20)

1.一种外科设备,包括:
(a)端部执行器,其中所述端部执行器包括能够对组织进行操作的主动特征结构;
(b)轴,其中所述轴具有近侧端部和远侧端部,其中所述端部执行器设置在所述轴的远侧端部处;和
(c)主体,其中所述轴从所述主体朝远侧延伸,其中所述主体包括:
(i)功率接口特征结构,所述功率接口特征结构能够接收来自至少两种不同类型的电功率源的功率,其中所述至少两种不同类型的电功率源包括无线电池和有线电功率源,和
(ii)驱动特征结构,所述驱动特征结构响应于电功率来驱动所述端部执行器的主动特征结构,其中所述驱动特征结构能够接收来自所述功率接口特征结构的电功率,使得所述驱动特征结构能够操作以基于来自与所述功率接口特征结构联接的功率源的电功率来驱动所述端部执行器的主动特征结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,其中所述功率接口特征结构包括插座,其中所述插座能够以插入方式接收至少两种不同类型的功率源外壳的一部分,其中所述至少两种不同类型的功率源外壳包括无线电池外壳或有线电功率源外壳。
3.根据权利要求2所述的外科设备,其中所述插座包括一个或多个电触点,其中所述一个或多个电触点能够接合插入在所述插座中的功率源外壳的互补电触点。
4.根据权利要求2所述的外科设备,还包括可移除引导件,其中所述可移除引导件能够将功率源外壳引导到所述插座中,而不使所述功率源外壳破坏所述主体的外部的无菌性。
5.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,其中所述主体还能够操作以经由所述功率接口特征结构传送数据。
6.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,还包括能够与所述功率接口特征结构联接的有线电功率源,其中所述有线电功率源具有AC功率输入和DC功率输出。
7.根据权利要求6所述的外科设备,其中所述有线电功率源包括能够将AC功率转换成DC功率的整流器电路。
8.根据权利要求7所述的外科设备,其中所述整流器电路包括环形变压器、二极管组、滤波电容器、和去耦电容器。
9.根据权利要求6所述的外科设备,其中所述DC功率输出能够在大约6安培下提供大约12伏特的DC功率输出。
10.根据权利要求6所述的外科设备,其中所述驱动特征结构能够以DC功率操作。
11.根据权利要求6所述的外科设备,其中所述有线电功率源包括缆线和适配器,其中所述缆线与所述适配器可移除地联接。
12.根据权利要求11所述的外科设备,其中所述功率接口特征结构包括能够可移除地接收所述适配器的至少一部分的插座。
13.根据权利要求11所述的外科设备,其中所述适配器包括能够将AC功率转换成DC功率的一体式整流器电路。
14.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,还包括与所述主体相联的手持件握持部,其中所述手持件握持部的至少一部分由与所述功率接口特征结构联接的电功率源的至少一部分形成。
15.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,其中所述功率接口特征结构能够在电池与所述主体联接时接收来自有线电功率源的功率。
16.根据权利要求15所述的外科设备,其中所述主体还包括:
(i)手持件,和
(ii)电池,所述电池一体化到所述手持件中。
17.根据权利要求1所述的外科设备,其中所述主体包括手持件,其中所述手持件包括所述驱动特征结构,其中所述手持件被构造成可移除地接收多种轴组件,其中所述手持件被构造成可移除地接收至少两种不同类型的电功率源;
其中所述轴组件被构造成与所述手持件可移除地联接;以及
其中所述电功率源被构造成与所述手持件可移除地联接。
18.根据权利要求17所述的外科设备,其中所述轴组件包括能够操作以选择性地启动所述驱动特征结构的用户输入特征结构。
19.一种外科套件,包括:
(a)根据权利要求2所述的外科设备,其中所述主体包括:手持件,其中所述手持件包括插座,其中所述轴从所述手持件朝远侧延伸,
(b)电池;和
(c)电缆,所述电缆具有第一插头和第二插头,其中所述功率插座能够以插入方式接收所述电缆的第一插头,其中所述第二插头能够与外部功率源联接。
20.根据权利要求19所述的外科套件,还包括引导构件,所述引导构件能够可移除地接合所述手持件,从而在保持所述手持件的无菌性的同时将所述电池或所述第一插头引导到所述功率插座中。
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US20200229817A1 (en) 2020-07-23
WO2014116481A1 (en) 2014-07-31
US10675027B2 (en) 2020-06-09
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